Heavy metal separation equipment for sewage treatment and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses heavy metal separation equipment for sewage treatment. The heavy metal separation equipment comprises a feeding tank, a filter tank, an acidolysis tank, a first buffer tank and an aeration tank are sequentially arranged on one side of the feeding tank, a sedimentation tank is arranged on one side of the aeration tank, a second buffer tank is arranged on one side of the sedimentation tank, and a plurality of electrolytic tanks are arranged on one side of the second buffer tank. Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that by means of acidolysis, aeration and reelectrolysis, waste is effectively reduced, the metal recovery efficiency is improved, meanwhile, organic matter and other substances in waste water are correspondingly treated, follow-up waste water treatment becomes simpler, and the waste water treatment efficiency is improved; a corresponding detection device is matched with a computer control end to control the whole operation, so that the accuracy of each step is ensured, the separation quality of wastes is improved, and meanwhile, the purity of a recovered product is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to sewage treatment, and in particular to a heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, especially the rapid development of metallurgy, mineral mining, electroplating, chemical industry and other industries, the problem of heavy metal pollution is becoming increasingly serious. A large amount of wastewater and waste gas containing heavy metals are discharged into the environment, causing pollution of water, soil and air. Heavy metals not only damage the environment, but also pose potential hazards to organisms, plants and human health. Heavy metal pollution mainly refers to environmental pollution caused by heavy metals with significant biological toxicity such as mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium and arsenic, and also includes heavy metals with certain toxicity such as zinc, copper, cobalt, nickel, tin, vanadium, etc. Heavy metal pollutants are difficult to control. They are persistent and cumulative, and can be transmitted through the food chain, causing long-term pollution. When they accumulate to a certain limit in the water body, they will cause serious harm to the aquatic animal system and may affect human health through the food chain.

[0003] At present, the main sources of heavy metal wastewater are concentrated in the following areas:

[0004] Metallurgical industry: The metallurgical industry is one of the main sources of heavy metal wastewater, especially in the process of metal refining, casting and processing. In the process of steel smelting, the wastewater generated by blast furnaces, converters, ironmaking, steelmaking and other processes may contain metals such as iron, chromium, nickel, manganese, lead, and zinc. In the process of non-ferrous metal smelting, such as the smelting of copper, lead, zinc, aluminum and other metals, the wastewater often contains a large amount of heavy metal ions (such as lead, copper, nickel, zinc, chromium, etc.).

[0005] Electroplating industry: Chemical solutions containing heavy metals (such as copper, chromium, nickel, silver, lead, etc.) are often used in the electroplating process, and these metals are often found in wastewater. Common metal pollutants: nickel, copper, chromium, zinc, silver, lead, cobalt, etc. Sources of wastewater: wastewater discharged from cleaning tanks, rinsing tanks, coating tanks, etc.

[0006] Chemical industry: Many chemical reactions and production processes involve the use or production of chemicals containing heavy metals, especially in the production of pesticides, dyes, fertilizers, chemical reagents, etc. Common pollutants: lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, copper, zinc, etc. Wastewater comes from reactors, cleaning and rinsing processes.

[0007] Battery production industry: Raw materials containing heavy metals are used in the battery production process, such as the manufacture of lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries. Common pollutants include lead, cadmium, zinc, manganese, copper, etc. Wastewater comes from wastewater in the battery production, cleaning and flushing processes.

[0008] There are currently many methods for treating the above heavy metal wastewater, mainly including chemical method, physical method, biological method and membrane separation method, etc. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages in terms of treatment efficiency, cost, ease of operation and scope of application.

[0009] Chemical precipitation is a method of removing heavy metals from water by adding chemical reagents (such as hydroxides, sulfides, phosphates, etc.) to react heavy metal ions with precipitants to form insoluble compounds. By adjusting the pH value or adding a reducing agent, heavy metal ions react with precipitants to form precipitates, which are removed by sedimentation or filtration. The operation is simple and the cost is low. It is effective for most heavy metal ions and can treat wastewater with higher concentrations. However, a large amount of precipitated sludge may be produced, which requires further treatment or disposal. The composition of the precipitate may be complex and contain multiple heavy metals, which may cause secondary pollution during the treatment process. The requirements for the type and concentration of metal ions in water are relatively strict, and the sedimentation efficiency of some heavy metals is low.

[0010] The adsorption method uses adsorbents (such as activated carbon, zeolite, resin, nanomaterials, etc.) to adsorb heavy metal ions in water. Heavy metal ions are adsorbed by active sites on the surface of the adsorbent and removed from the water. The adsorption efficiency is high and it can treat low-concentration heavy metal wastewater. It is easy to operate, does not produce secondary pollution, and the adsorbent can be recycled through regeneration. However, the adsorbent needs to be replaced or regenerated regularly, which increases operating costs; specific selective adsorbents are expensive, and the selectivity of generally used adsorbents is poor, and sometimes other harmful substances in the water are adsorbed, reducing the effect; there are differences in the adsorption capacity of different heavy metals, especially for some metals that are difficult to adsorb (such as lead, cadmium, etc.), the effect may not be ideal.

[0011] The ion exchange method uses ion exchange resins or other media to exchange heavy metal ions in wastewater. The heavy metal ions are removed from the water through the exchange of resins with heavy metal ions in the water, and replaced with harmless ions. It has a good treatment effect on low-concentration heavy metal wastewater, can achieve a high removal efficiency, and can selectively remove certain heavy metal ions. However, the cost of ion exchange resins is high, and the resins need to be regenerated regularly, which increases the complexity of maintenance and operation; some resins have poor selectivity when treating multiple metal ions at the same time, and may not be able to efficiently remove all metal ions;

[0012] Heavy metals may be released during the regeneration process, causing secondary pollution.

[0013] The electrochemical method uses the action of electric current to reduce or oxidize metal ions in water, thereby removing metals. An external current is applied to reduce and deposit metal ions at the cathode, or to oxidize and form precipitation at the anode to remove heavy metals. It has a good treatment effect on low-concentration wastewater, is simple to operate, and does not require the addition of chemical agents; it can remove multiple heavy metal ions at the same time, and the operating conditions such as current density and temperature need to be strictly controlled. The equipment investment is high, and some metal ions that are difficult to reduce are not completely eliminated; the corrosion and consumption of the electrodes are large, and regular maintenance is required. Membrane separation technology uses the selective permeability of semipermeable membranes to separate heavy metal ions from water through the membrane. When wastewater passes through the membrane, water molecules pass through the pores of the membrane, while metal ions are retained, achieving the effect of purifying water quality. It can effectively remove heavy metals, especially suitable for the treatment of low-concentration wastewater; it is suitable for various types of pollutants, including soluble solids and heavy metal ions. The equipment investment and maintenance costs are high; the membrane is easily contaminated, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency, and regular cleaning is required; the removal effect may be poor for some highly soluble metal ions;

[0014] The biological method is to achieve the purpose of removal by degrading or adsorbing heavy metals in water through microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi, algae, etc.). Microorganisms convert heavy metals into harmless or insoluble forms through adsorption, reduction, deposition, etc., which is environmentally friendly, green, and economical; they have a good removal effect on certain metals (such as copper, cadmium, lead, etc.). The processing speed is slow and cannot quickly respond to high-concentration wastewater; microorganisms have high requirements for environmental conditions (such as pH, temperature, etc.); it may take a long time to achieve the ideal treatment effect; the treatment process is not easy to control and there are certain technical difficulties.

[0015] Sedimentation is usually done by adding chemical substances that react with heavy metal ions (such as sulfides, hydroxides, etc.) to generate insoluble compounds, which are then removed from the water by precipitation. It is easy to operate and has low cost; it can treat large volumes of wastewater. The sludge produced by sedimentation may contain heavy metals and require further treatment; the sedimentation effect is easily affected by factors such as water temperature, pH value, and ionic strength; the precipitation effect on some heavy metal ions is poor, and it is difficult to achieve complete removal. Summary of the invention

[0016] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned heavy metal wastewater treatment scheme, the present invention proposes a heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment, which aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art through innovative separation methods and efficient treatment methods, and combine the advantages of multiple separation technologies to achieve efficient treatment and recycling of complex heavy metal-containing wastewater. This device uses advanced multiple separation technologies (such as membrane separation, electrolysis, precipitation, etc.), and combines it with an intelligent control system, so that the equipment can automatically adjust the treatment process according to the type and concentration of metals in the wastewater, thereby achieving high selectivity, high efficiency, low energy consumption and low cost heavy metal recovery. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0017] A heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment comprises a feed tank, wherein a filter tank, an acid hydrolysis tank, a first buffer tank, and an aeration tank are sequentially arranged on one side of the feed tank, a sedimentation tank is arranged on one side of the aeration tank, a second buffer tank is arranged on one side of the sedimentation tank, and a plurality of electrolytic cells are arranged on one side of the second buffer tank, a feed pipe is arranged on the top of the feed tank, the feed pipe is in an L-shaped structure connected to one side of the upper part of the filter tank, a discharge port is arranged at the rear bottom of the L-shaped structure of the feed pipe, a grid is arranged at a bend at the bottom of the L-shaped structure of the feed pipe in a diagonal direction, a water outlet window is arranged on the filter tank at a position opposite to the feed pipe to connect to the acid hydrolysis tank, and a filter is arranged in the water outlet window A net is provided in the acidolysis tank, a spiral material distribution device is provided in the acidolysis tank, a pipeline of the spiral material distribution device is connected to the acid tank, the upper part of the acidolysis tank is connected to the first buffer tank, a pipeline is provided on one side of the upper part of the first buffer tank to connect to the bottom of the aeration tank, an aeration pipeline is provided at the bottom of the aeration tank, an aerator is provided on the aeration pipeline, a filter plate is provided between the sedimentation tank and the upper part of the second buffer tank, an ultrafiltration membrane is provided at the top of the middle part of the filter plate, a partition is provided between the electrolytic cells, and a partition is also provided between the first electrolytic cell and the second buffer tank, an adjusting cylinder is provided in the middle of the partition, a stirring shaft is provided in the adjusting cylinder, and a plurality of feeding pipes are symmetrically provided on the top of the adjusting cylinder about the stirring shaft.

[0018] Furthermore, a partition plate is provided in the middle of the filter pool to divide the filter pool into two parts, and a channel is left at the bottom of the partition plate to connect the two parts of the filter pool.

[0019] Furthermore, the spiral feeding device includes a plurality of hollow stirring rods, which are evenly and vertically arranged in the acidolysis tank, a rotating motor is provided at the bottom of the hollow stirring rod, a rotating shaft seat is provided on the filter tank, the hollow stirring rod passes through the rotating shaft seat, and a plurality of paddle-type stirring blades are sequentially provided on the hollow stirring rod from bottom to top, through holes are provided between the blades of the paddle-type stirring blades at the bottom end of the hollow stirring rod to connect the hollow part of the hollow stirring rod, the hollow stirring rod is closed at the bottom side of the through hole, a mounting groove is provided at the top of the hollow stirring rod at the position of the rotating shaft seat, a connecting pipe is provided in the mounting groove, and a sealing ring is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0020] Furthermore, a flow valve is provided on the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected to the inside of the acid liquid tank, and an acid liquid delivery pump is provided on the connecting pipe at the top of the acid liquid tank.

[0021] Furthermore, a rotating motor is provided at the bottom of the stirring shaft in the adjusting cylinder, and a rotating shaft seat is also provided on the adjusting cylinder at the top of the stirring shaft. A water inlet is provided on the upper part of one side of the adjusting cylinder, and a water outlet is provided on the bottom of the other side of the adjusting cylinder. A diversion channel is provided outside the water outlet, and baffle plates are provided at the tail and both sides of the diversion channel. The baffle plates are concave structures, and mounting plates are staggered between the side plates of the baffle plates and the outer side of the diversion channel. The mounting plates are staggered to form a serpentine channel, and electrodes are attached to the corresponding staggered mounting plates.

[0022] Furthermore, a filter window is provided between the upper portion of the aeration tank and the sedimentation tank, and a microfiltration membrane is provided in the filter window.

[0023] Furthermore, a baffle is provided at a position of the sedimentation tank near the filtering tank, a separation tank is formed between the baffle and the sedimentation tank, and an extraction pipeline is provided on the outer side above the separation tank.

[0024] Furthermore, the positive and negative electrodes in the electrolytic cell are arranged on corresponding mounting plates in a staggered manner, and the positive and negative electrodes are connected in parallel to share the same voltage, and the positive and negative electrodes are graphite electrodes.

[0025] Furthermore, the tops of the feed tank, filtration tank, acidolysis tank, first buffer tank, aeration tank, sedimentation tank, second buffer tank and electrolytic tank are all provided with gas outlet pipes, the bottoms of one side of the feed tank, filtration tank, acidolysis tank, first buffer tank, aeration tank, sedimentation tank and second buffer tank are all provided with sewage pipes, and one side of the bottom of the electrolytic tank is provided with a discharge port.

[0026] A method for using a heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment, firstly, the sewage is pumped into the feed pipe, under the action of the grid net, larger solids are screened out, and slide into the feed tank through the inclined grid net through the discharge port, the sewage flows into the filter tank through the feed pipe, and then flows into the acid hydrolysis tank, at this time, the acid in the acid tank is pumped into the pipe and evenly dispersed in the acid hydrolysis tank through the spiral cloth device, the acid wastewater is then passed into the first buffer tank, and then the wastewater flows into the bottom of the aeration tank through the pipe for aeration treatment, and the liquid after aeration treatment is filtered through the microfiltration membrane of the filter window on the upper side of the aeration tank and then flows into The sedimentation tank flows through the sedimentation tank, is filtered through the ultrafiltration membrane and flows into the second buffer tank, flows into the regulating barrel through the second buffer tank, adds alkali reagent or other reagent by controlling the feed pipe, and flows into the electrolytic cell after being evenly stirred, flows through the serpentine path of the electrolytic cell, is gradually electrolyzed by the electrode, and different metals are precipitated one by one in the electrolytic cells arranged in sequence by controlling the pH of the solution and the electrolysis voltage. When the accumulation is sufficient, the metal accumulation is separated from the electrode surface by ultrasonic vibration, and the separated metal is discharged through the discharge port. After the wastewater is treated by the electrolytic cell, treated water with separated internal heavy metal element ions is obtained.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention can effectively avoid the problem of solid pollutants in the wastewater clogging the grid mesh through the water inlet structure design of the feed tank, and the setting of the partition plate of the filter tank effectively reduces the continued flow and transmission of floating pollutants; 2. The spiral cloth device of the present invention adopts a unique structural design, which greatly improves the acid hydrolysis efficiency, so that other metals in the wastewater are converted into ionic forms, so that the subsequent metal recovery rate is effectively improved; 3. The present invention effectively reduces the generation of waste and improves the metal recovery efficiency through the method of acid hydrolysis, aeration and then electrolysis, and also performs corresponding treatment on other substances such as organic matter in the wastewater, so that the subsequent wastewater treatment becomes simpler and the efficiency of wastewater treatment is improved; 4. The present invention controls the entire operation through the corresponding detection device in conjunction with the computer control terminal to ensure the accuracy of each step, so that the separation quality of the waste is improved, while ensuring the purity of the recovered product and reducing the pollution of the waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating cylinder of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral material distribution device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the connecting pipe at A and the hollow stirring rod;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the regulating cylinder of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1-feeding tank, 11-feeding pipeline, 12-discharge port, 13-grid, 14-water outlet window, 15-filter screen, 2-filtering tank, 21-partition plate, 3-acid hydrolysis tank, 31-spiral material distribution device, 32-hollow stirring rod, 33-paddle stirring blade, 34-installation groove, 35-sealing ring, 36-connecting pipe, 37-acid delivery pump, 4-first buffer tank, 5-aeration tank, 6-sedimentation tank, 61- Filter plate, 62-ultrafiltration membrane, 63-baffle, 64-dividing tank, 51-aeration pipe, 52-aerator, 53-filter window, 54-microfiltration membrane, 7-second buffer tank, 8-electrolytic cell, 80-discharge port, 81-partition plate, 82-adjusting cylinder, 821-agitation shaft, 822-feeding pipe, 83-water inlet, 84-water outlet, 85-guiding channel, 86-mounting plate, 851-blocking plate, 9-acid tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Combination Figures 1 to 7 Shown:

[0038] A heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment comprises a feed tank 1, a feed pipe 11 is arranged on the top of the feed tank 1, the feed pipe 11 is in an L-shaped structure and connected to one side of the upper part of the filter tank 2, a discharge port 12 is opened at the rear bottom of the L-shaped structure of the feed pipe 11, a grid 13 is arranged diagonally at the bottom bend of the L-shaped structure of the feed pipe 11, and large particle pollutants can be effectively removed, a filter tank 2, an acid hydrolysis tank 3, a first buffer tank 4, and an aeration tank 5 are arranged in sequence on one side of the feed tank 1, a sedimentation tank 6 is arranged on one side of the aeration tank 5, a second buffer tank 7 is arranged on one side of the sedimentation tank 6, and a plurality of electrolytic cells 8 are arranged on one side of the second buffer tank 7, a partition plate 21 is arranged in the middle of the filter tank 2 to divide the filter tank 2 into two parts, and a channel is left at the bottom of the partition plate 21 to connect the two parts of the filter tank 2, a water outlet window 14 is arranged on the filter tank 2 at a position opposite to the feed pipe 11 to connect the acid hydrolysis tank 3, a filter screen 15 is arranged in the water outlet window 14, so that part of the particles and suspended matter are precipitated or isolated, and the precipitate can be removed through the sewage pipe , exhaust gas is discharged through an outlet pipe or another pipe, and suspended waste in the extraction pool is extracted. A spiral distribution device 31 is provided in the acid hydrolysis pool 3. The spiral distribution device 31 pipeline is connected to the acid tank 9. The spiral distribution device 31 includes a plurality of hollow stirring rods 32. The hollow stirring rods 32 are evenly arranged vertically in the acid hydrolysis pool 3. A rotating motor is provided at the bottom of the hollow stirring rods 32. A rotating shaft seat is provided on the filter pool 2. The hollow stirring rods 32 pass through the rotating shaft seat. The hollow stirring rods 32 are provided with a plurality of The paddle-type stirring blade 33 and the paddle-type stirring blade 33 at the bottom end of the hollow stirring rod 32 are provided with through holes connecting the hollow part of the hollow stirring rod 32. The hollow stirring rod 32 is closed at the bottom side of the through hole. The top of the hollow stirring rod 32 is located at the rotating shaft seat and a mounting groove 34 is provided. A connecting pipe 36 is provided in the mounting groove 34. A sealing ring 35 is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove 34. The connection between the connecting pipe 36 and the hollow stirring rod 32 needs to be smooth enough to ensure that the rotation of the hollow stirring rod 32 will not be affected. The acid is pumped into the connecting pipe 36 and then flows into the hollow stirring rod 32. The hollow stirring rod 32 rotates under the action of the rotating motor and the rotating shaft seat, and the acid flows out through the through hole. Due to the connection structure of the present invention, the acid delivery pump 37 and the flow valve are controlled by the computer control end, and the flow and feeding process of the acid are effectively guaranteed by the computer control end. The upper part of the acid hydrolysis tank 3 is connected to the first buffer tank 4. A pipeline is provided on one side of the upper part of the first buffer tank 4 to connect to the bottom of the aeration tank 5. An aeration pipeline 51 is provided at the bottom of the aeration tank 5. An aerator 52 is provided on the aeration pipeline 51. The type of the aerator 52 is set according to actual needs. Due to the acidic conditions, acidophilic bacteria can be added to the aeration tank for decomposition treatment, and suitable fillers are used to facilitate the attachment of bacterial colonies. After acidolysis and aeration, acidolysis can cause certain organic substances (such as certain organic acids, esters, phenols, etc.) in water or soil to undergo hydrolysis reactions through the action of the acidic environment and degrade them into simpler compounds.Aeration helps microorganisms decompose these organic pollutants, especially some organic matter that is difficult to biodegrade, by injecting oxygen into the system. Acid hydrolysis can convert some metal elements in soil or wastewater into their more soluble ionic state, which is convenient for subsequent removal. The acidic environment during acid hydrolysis helps to convert sulfides (such as hydrogen sulfide H2S) into compounds that are easier to remove. Aeration can remove ammonia nitrogen from wastewater or air through oxidation reactions. Acid hydrolysis and aeration can also effectively remove certain volatile organic compounds in waste gas. The acidic environment during acid hydrolysis can inhibit the activity of some pathogenic microorganisms and reduce their number; at the same time, aeration helps to promote the reproduction of aerobic microorganisms through the supply of oxygen, help degrade organic pollutants, and reduce microbial pollutants. The combined action of aeration and acid hydrolysis effectively removes suspended solids and colloidal substances in wastewater or soil.

[0039] A partition 81 is provided between the electrolytic cells 8, and a partition 81 is also provided between the first electrolytic cell 8 and the second buffer cell 7. An adjusting cylinder 82 is provided in the middle of the partition 81. A stirring shaft 821 is provided in the adjusting cylinder 82. A plurality of feed pipes 822 are symmetrically provided on the top of the adjusting cylinder 82 about the stirring shaft 821. A rotating motor is provided at the bottom of the stirring shaft 821 in the adjusting cylinder 82, and the speed of stirring is controlled by a computer control terminal. A rotating shaft seat is also provided on the adjusting cylinder 82 at the top of the stirring shaft 821 to facilitate the rotation of the stirring shaft 821. A plurality of uniform stirring blades are provided on the stirring shaft, and the type and number of blades on the stirring shaft 821 are set according to actual needs. A water inlet 83 is provided on the upper part of one side of the adjusting cylinder 82 for water inlet, and a valve can be set to control the flow rate through a computer. A water outlet 84 is provided at the bottom of the other side of the adjusting cylinder 82 for water outlet. The computer control end can add materials or adjust pH through the feed pipe 822 for metal ions, and electrolyze and separate metal ions. A guide channel 85 is provided outside the water outlet 84. The tail and both sides of the guide channel 85 are provided with baffles 851, which can control the flow direction of water. The baffles 851 are concave structures. The side plates of the baffles 851 and the outer side of the guide channel 85 are staggered with mounting plates 86. The mounting plates 86 are staggered to form a serpentine channel, and electrodes are attached to the corresponding staggered mounting plates 86. That is, the positive and negative electrodes in the electrolytic cell 8 are staggered and relatively arranged on the corresponding mounting plates 86, staggered and installed on both sides of the transverse inner wall of the serpentine channel, and the positive and negative electrodes are connected in parallel to share the same voltage. The positive and negative electrodes are selected according to the corresponding materials, which can be graphite electrodes for easy cleaning. The deposited metal is separated by super shock. A corresponding wire channel is provided above the electrolytic cell or the gas outlet pipe is used for connecting the electrodes and other devices that need power supply with wires, so that the electrodes are energized and effectively controlled by the computer control end.

[0040] A flow valve is provided on the connecting pipe 36 to facilitate the control of acid input. The connecting pipe 36 is connected to the inside of the acid tank 9. An acid delivery pump 37 is provided on the connecting pipe 36 at the top of the acid tank 9 for acid delivery. The acid delivery pump 37 is also controlled by a computer control terminal to ensure the amount of acid added and the solubility of heavy metals. At the same time, the pH of the solution is controlled by a corresponding detection device to detect the type of metal ions, so that the computer can control the distribution of the electrolytic cell and the regulation of the pH, and control the corresponding metal ion separation scheme. Electrolysis is performed in sequence by adding reagents to assist electrolysis or adjusting the pH and controlling the decomposition voltage. If waste gas is generated during electrolysis, it will be discharged from the outlet pipe.

[0041] A filter window 53 is provided between the upper part of the aeration tank 5 and the sedimentation tank 6, and a microfiltration membrane 54 is provided in the filter window 53. The microfiltration membrane 54 is mainly used to remove larger particles and microorganisms. A filter plate 61 is provided between the sedimentation tank 6 and the upper part of the second buffer tank 7, and an ultrafiltration membrane 62 is provided at the top of the middle part of the filter plate 61. The ultrafiltration membrane 62 can remove more types of impurities, especially smaller organic matter and certain dissolved substances. After the ultrafiltration membrane 62 and the microfiltration membrane 54 cooperate, a pure salt solution is obtained, which is convenient for subsequent electrolysis. A baffle 63 is provided near the filter tank 2 of the sedimentation tank 6, and a separation tank 64 is formed between the baffle 63 and the sedimentation tank 6. An extraction pipeline is provided on the upper and outer sides of the separation tank 64 to extract the separated suspended impurities.

[0042] The tops of the feed tank 1, the filter tank 2, the acidolysis tank 3, the first buffer tank 4, the aeration tank 5, the sedimentation tank 6, the second buffer tank 7 and the electrolytic tank 8 are all provided with an outlet pipe, which can be used to discharge or collect waste gas and extract suspended impurities at the same time, and several of them can be set according to actual needs. The bottoms of one side of the feed tank 1, the filter tank 2, the acidolysis tank 3, the first buffer tank 4, the aeration tank 5, the sedimentation tank 6 and the second buffer tank 7 are all provided with sewage pipes for cleaning the bottom sediment and preventing siltation. Several of them can be set according to actual needs. The above tanks are all provided with corresponding sampling and detection devices according to actual needs, which are used to systematically control the reaction conditions in each tank body, detect the type and concentration of metal ions, and the reaction conditions. For example, a heating device and a corresponding detection device can be added when necessary to control the reaction temperature conditions. At the same time, the liquid transportation between the tank bodies can also be controlled accordingly through the computer control end by setting valves. A discharge port 80 is provided on one side of the bottom of the electrolytic cell 8 for recovering the deposited metal.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] A method for using a heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment, firstly, the sewage is pumped into the feed pipe 11, under the action of the grid 13, larger solids are screened out, and the sewage slides into the feed tank 1 through the inclined grid 13 through the discharge port 12, and the sewage flows into the filter tank 2 through the feed pipe 11, and then flows into the acid hydrolysis tank 3, at this time, the acid in the acid tank 9 is pumped into the pipe and evenly dispersed in the acid hydrolysis tank 3 through the spiral distribution device 31, and the acid wastewater is then passed into the first buffer tank 4, and then the wastewater flows into the bottom of the aeration tank 5 through the pipe for aeration treatment, and the liquid after aeration treatment is filtered from the microfiltration membrane 54 of the filter window on the upper side of the aeration tank 5 and flows out The wastewater enters the sedimentation tank 6, flows through the sedimentation tank 6, is filtered through the ultrafiltration membrane, flows into the second buffer tank 7, flows into the regulating barrel through the second buffer tank 7, adds alkali reagent or other reagent by controlling the feed pipe, and flows into the electrolytic cell 8 after being evenly stirred, flows through the serpentine path of the electrolytic cell 8, and is gradually electrolyzed by the electrodes. Through the pH control of the solution and the control of the electrolysis voltage, different metals are precipitated one by one in the electrolytic cells 8 arranged in sequence. When the accumulation is sufficient, the metal accumulation is separated from the electrode surface by ultrasonic vibration, and the separated metal is discharged through the discharge port. After the wastewater is treated by the electrolytic cell 8, treated water with separated heavy metal element ions inside is obtained, which is discharged through a separately arranged pipeline.

[0045] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0046] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a feed tank (1), wherein one side of the feed tank (1) is provided with a filtration tank (2), an acid hydrolysis tank (3), a first buffer tank (4), and an aeration tank (5) in sequence, wherein one side of the aeration tank (5) is provided with a sedimentation tank (6), one side of the sedimentation tank (6) is provided with a second buffer tank (7), and one side of the second buffer tank (7) is provided with a plurality of electrolytic cells (8), and a feed pipe (11) is provided on the top of the feed tank (1), and the feed pipe (11) is in an L-shaped structure and is connected to the feed tank (1). On one side of the upper part of the filter pool (2), a discharge port (12) is provided at the rear bottom of the L-shaped structure of the feed pipe (11), a grid (13) is provided at the bottom bend of the L-shaped structure of the feed pipe (11) in a diagonally inclined direction, a water outlet window (14) is provided on the filter pool (2) at a position opposite to the feed pipe (11) and connected to the acid hydrolysis pool (3), a filter screen (15) is provided in the water outlet window (14), and a spiral cloth device is provided in the acid hydrolysis pool (3). The spiral material distribution device (31) is connected to the acid tank (9) through a pipeline. The upper part of the acid hydrolysis tank (3) is connected to the first buffer tank (4). A pipeline is provided on one side of the upper part of the first buffer tank (4) to connect to the bottom of the aeration tank (5). The bottom of the aeration tank (5) is provided with an aeration pipeline (51). An aerator (52) is provided on the aeration pipeline (51). A filter plate (61) is provided between the upper parts of the sedimentation tank (6) and the second buffer tank (7). An ultrafiltration membrane (62) is provided at the top of the middle of the filter plate (61), a partition (81) is provided between the electrolytic cells (8), and a partition (81) is also provided between the first electrolytic cell (8) and the second buffer cell (7), an adjustment cylinder (82) is provided in the middle of the partition (81), a stirring shaft (821) is provided in the adjustment cylinder (82), and a plurality of feed pipes (822) are symmetrically provided at the top of the adjustment cylinder (82) about the stirring shaft (821).

2. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition plate (21) is provided in the middle of the filter pool (2) to divide the filter pool (2) into two parts, and a channel is left at the bottom of the partition plate (21) to connect the two parts of the filter pool (2).

3. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral material distribution device (31) comprises a plurality of hollow stirring rods (32), the hollow stirring rods (32) being evenly arranged vertically in the acid hydrolysis tank (3), a rotating motor being arranged at the bottom of the hollow stirring rods (32), a rotating shaft seat being arranged on the filter tank (2), the hollow stirring rods (32) passing through the rotating shaft seat, a plurality of paddle-type stirring blades (33) being arranged on the hollow stirring rods (32) in sequence from bottom to top, through holes being arranged between the paddles of the paddle-type stirring blades (33) at the bottom end of the hollow stirring rods (32) to connect to the hollow part of the hollow stirring rods (32), the hollow stirring rods (32) being closed at the bottom side of the through holes, a mounting groove (34) being arranged at the top of the hollow stirring rods (32) at the position of the rotating shaft seat, a connecting pipe (36) being arranged in the mounting groove (34), and a sealing ring (35) being arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove (34).

4. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (36) is provided with a flow valve, the connecting pipe (36) is connected to the inside of the acid liquid tank (9), and the connecting pipe (36) at the top position of the acid liquid tank (9) is provided with an acid liquid delivery pump (37).

5. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating motor is provided at the bottom of the stirring shaft (821) in the regulating cylinder (82), and a rotating shaft seat is also provided on the regulating cylinder (82) at the top of the stirring shaft (821). A water inlet (83) is provided at the upper part of one side of the regulating cylinder (82), and a water outlet (84) is provided at the bottom of the other side of the regulating cylinder (82). A flow guide channel (85) is provided outside the water outlet (84). Blocking plates (851) are provided at the tail and both sides of the flow guide channel (85). The blocking plates (851) are concave structures. Mounting plates (86) are staggered between the side plates of the blocking plates (851) and the outer side of the flow guide channel (85). The mounting plates (86) are staggered to form a serpentine channel, and electrodes are attached to the corresponding staggered mounting plates (86).

6. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter window (53) is provided between the upper part of the aeration tank (5) and the sedimentation tank (6), and a microfiltration membrane (54) is provided in the filter window (53).

7. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation tank (6) is provided with a baffle (63) near the filtering tank (2), a separation tank (64) is formed between the baffle (63) and the sedimentation tank (6), and an extraction pipeline is provided on the upper outer side of the separation tank (64).

8. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive and negative electrodes in the electrolytic cell (8) are arranged in a staggered manner on corresponding mounting plates (86), and the positive and negative electrodes are connected in parallel to share the same voltage. The positive and negative electrodes are graphite electrodes.

9. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the feed tank (1), the filtration tank (2), the acidolysis tank (3), the first buffer tank (4), the aeration tank (5), the sedimentation tank (6), the second buffer tank (7) and the electrolytic tank (8) are all provided with gas outlet pipes; the bottoms of one side of the feed tank (1), the filtration tank (2), the acidolysis tank (3), the first buffer tank (4), the aeration tank (5), the sedimentation tank (6) and the second buffer tank (7) are all provided with sewage pipes; and the bottom of the electrolytic tank (8) is provided with a discharge port (80) on one side.

10. The heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of use is as follows: A heavy metal separation device for sewage treatment, firstly, sewage is pumped into the feed pipe (11), under the action of the grid net (13), larger solids are screened out, and slide into the feed tank (1) through the inclined grid net (13) through the discharge port (12), and the sewage flows into the filter tank (2) through the feed pipe (11), and then flows into the acid hydrolysis tank (3), at which time the acid in the acid tank (9) is pumped into the pipe and evenly dispersed in the acid hydrolysis tank (3) through the spiral distribution device (31), and the acid wastewater is then passed into the first buffer tank (4), and then the wastewater flows into the bottom of the aeration tank (5) through the pipe for aeration treatment, and the liquid after aeration treatment passes from the upper side of the aeration tank (5) through the through pipe. The wastewater is filtered by the microfiltration membrane (54) of the filter window and flows into the sedimentation tank (6). After flowing through the sedimentation tank (6), it is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane and flows into the second buffer tank (7). After flowing through the second buffer tank (7), it flows into the regulating barrel. Alkaline reagent or other reagents are added by controlling the feed pipe. After being stirred evenly, it flows into the electrolytic cell (8). It flows through the serpentine path of the electrolytic cell (8) and is gradually electrolyzed by the electrodes. By controlling the pH value of the solution and the electrolysis voltage, different metals are precipitated one by one in the electrolytic cells (8) arranged in sequence. When the accumulation is sufficient, the metal accumulation is separated from the electrode surface by ultrasonic vibration, and the separated metal is discharged through the discharge port. After the wastewater is treated by the electrolytic cell (8), treated water with evenly separated heavy metal element ions inside is obtained.

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