Method for improving cutting rooting rate of hydrangea macrocarpa

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving the cutting rooting rate of hydrangea macrocarpa, and belongs to the technical field of garden planting. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting and treating a female parent; s2, root promoting treatment; s3, strip shearing; s4, cuttage; and S5, management after cuttage. According to the method, layering propagation and cutting propagation technologies are innovatively combined, early-stage annular peeling treatment can effectively stimulate branches to form calluses and promote the rooting ability, meanwhile, flowering branches are cut out, nutrition is concentrated into the branches, the growth vigor and rooting potential of the cutting branches are enhanced, and the survival rate of the branches is increased. And finally, carrying out scientific temperature-control and humidity-control fertilization management to obtain rooted seedlings. According to the method, the cutting rooting rate and the survival rate are remarkably increased, the propagation period is shortened, the production cost is reduced, efficient and reliable technical guarantee is provided for large-scale propagation and popularization of the hydrangea macrophylla, and the method has important economic and social values.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of garden planting, in particular to a method for improving the rooting rate of hydrangea oleifera cuttings. Background Art

[0002] With its unique inflorescence and long viewing period, hydrangea is widely used in landscaping and bonsai production. However, due to the sterility of the pistil of hydrangea, it is impossible to produce offspring through sexual reproduction, which makes its asexual reproduction the key means of expansion.

[0003] At present, the asexual reproduction of Hydrangea oleifera mainly adopts methods such as cutting, division or layering. However, there are many problems in the existing breeding methods, which seriously affect the breeding efficiency and promotion scale. Specifically, although the operation of division propagation is simple, the reproduction coefficient is low, and it is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale propagation, especially when rapid expansion is required, division propagation seems to be inadequate. Although the traditional cutting method has certain breeding potential, due to improper selection of maternal parent, unreasonable treatment method and insufficient rooting induction measures, the rooting rate of cuttings is generally low, resulting in waste of resources and low breeding efficiency. In addition, although layering propagation can obtain a higher survival rate, its breeding cycle is long and the operation is relatively cumbersome, which is difficult to adapt to the needs of upgrading the modern garden seedling industry.

[0004] In the process of cutting propagation, the following major problems exist in the prior art: the selection and treatment of mother plants are not scientific enough, and the selection criteria for special mother plants are not clear, resulting in uneven rooting ability of cuttings. The processing technology of cuttings is not sophisticated enough, especially the ring peeling, rooting agent concentration and the use of wrapping materials are arbitrary, lacking standardized processes, and it is difficult to ensure the effect of cuttings. Improper substrate selection and management methods. Traditional substrates such as sand beds or peat soils have problems such as poor air permeability and insufficient moisture retention, which affect the rooting and growth of cuttings. Post-cutting management measures are not perfect, such as temperature and humidity control and unscientific fertilization timing and methods, which makes it difficult to improve the survival rate and growth quality of cuttings.

[0005] These problems not only lead to low propagation efficiency of hydrangea, but also increase production costs, severely limiting the application and promotion of hydrangea in the landscaping and flower market. Therefore, a systematic and scientific cutting propagation technology is urgently needed, starting from the selection of mother plants, cuttings processing, substrate management to post-cutting environmental regulation, etc., to comprehensively optimize the cutting process, improve the rooting rate and survival rate, and thus provide reliable technical support for the large-scale propagation and commercial promotion of hydrangea. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera in view of the above problems in the prior art.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: A method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea chinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Selection and treatment of mother plants: Select the hydrangea plants that have been pre-treated in the previous year as the special mother plants for cuttings; the special mother plants meet the following requirements: they have bloomed in the previous year, reached physiological maturity, and the flower buds have been removed in the year of cutting;

[0009] S2 Root-promoting treatment: After the branches of the special mother plant are ring-barked within a preset time period, a rooting agent of a preset concentration is sprayed on the ring-barking area, and then sphagnum moss with a humidity of 50-60% is wrapped on the ring-barking area according to the wrapping requirements. After growing for a certain period of time, special cutting branches are obtained; during the growth period, regular inspections are carried out and flower branches are cut off; the preset concentration of the rooting agent is 20mg / L-40mg / L of indoleacetic acid or naphthylacetic acid;

[0010] Wrapping ensures that the ring-cut area receives appropriate humidity and temperature to promote the formation of callus tissue and the development of the root system; regular inspections are required, and the flower branches that appear at the top should be cut off in time to ensure that nutrients are concentrated on the branches to promote their growth and root development.

[0011] S3 cutting: cutting the special cutting branches from the special mother plant according to the cutting requirements to obtain cuttings;

[0012] S4 cuttings: Insert the cuttings into the watered substrate according to the cutting requirements. The substrate is pure vermiculite. The reasons for choosing pure vermiculite as the substrate mainly include the following: Excellent aeration: The porous structure of vermiculite provides a good oxygen supply, promotes root respiration, and is conducive to the healthy growth of the root system. Appropriate water retention capacity: Vermiculite can maintain sufficient humidity while avoiding water accumulation, reducing the risk of root rot and maintaining appropriate soil moisture. Suitable pH value: Vermiculite is usually neutral or slightly alkaline, which is suitable for plant cuttings and avoids growth problems caused by pH inappropriateness. Particle structure: The loose structure of vermiculite is easy to operate, convenient for cutting insertion, and provides a good growth space for the root system. Thermal insulation performance: Vermiculite can maintain the stability of the substrate temperature, especially in winter when cutting, to avoid the impact of temperature fluctuations on the root system. Environmental protection and cost-effectiveness: Vermiculite can be recycled and reused, reducing resource waste and production costs, and meeting the production needs of environmental protection and economic efficiency.

[0013] S5 Management after cutting: After the cutting is completed, watering, spraying rooting agent of preset concentration, building arch shed and fertilization management with temperature and humidity control are carried out. After a certain period of growth, rooted seedlings are obtained.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, pretreatment includes pruning the tree crown and removing overgrown branches and overcrowded branches.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the preset time period is February to March or September to October each year; in the February to March time period, the two-year-old branches of the dedicated mother plant are selected; in the September to October time period, the current-year branches of the dedicated mother plant are selected.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the requirements for the branches of the dedicated mother plant used are as follows: the indirect length is not shorter than 1 cm, the branch thickness is not less than 0.3 cm, the sucker branches sprouted from the base and the leggy branches on the dedicated mother plant are not usable; the wrapping requirements are as follows: the diameter of the sphagnum moss bag after wrapping is not less than 2 cm, and the length is not shorter than 3 cm.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, the cutting requirements are as follows: the length of the cutting is 10-15 cm, with no less than 2 nodes; the upper cut is 1-2 cm away from the upper bud, and the lower cut is 1-2 cm below the ring peeling; the upper cut is inclined, and the lower cut is flat.

[0018] Preferably, in step S4, the cutting requirements are as follows: the substrate depth is 20-25 cm; the cutting depth is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the length of the cutting strip; the intact shape of the wrapped sphagnum moss is maintained and the sphagnum moss is buried in the substrate together.

[0019] Preferably, in step S5, the first fertilization is carried out two days after spraying the rooting agent of preset concentration, and thereafter the water-soluble compound fertilizer is sprayed every 7 to 10 days; during the temperature and humidity controlled fertilization management, for the sprouts that grow, the two top buds are retained and the rest are removed.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2, the growth period is 25-35 days; and in step S5, the growth period is 60-65 days.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, a dark-colored plastic film is used for wrapping.

[0022] Preferably, in step S5, the height of the arch shed is not less than 50 centimeters, and the arch shed is covered with a film.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the method for improving the rooting rate of hydrangea cuttings has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Improve the rooting rate of cuttings: The present invention innovatively combines layering propagation with cutting propagation technology. The early ring peeling (ring cutting) treatment can effectively stimulate the branches to form callus tissue and promote rooting ability. At the same time, by cutting out the flower branches, the nutrients are concentrated in the branches, which enhances the growth potential and rooting potential of the cutting branches. Using the method of the present invention, the rooting rate of cuttings can reach more than 80%, which is much higher than the traditional cutting method.

[0025] 2. Shorten the rooting time: In the traditional layering propagation process, the branches need to be attached to the mother plant for a long time to complete rooting, resulting in a long propagation cycle. However, after the root system is formed by the early layering treatment, the branches are cut off from the mother plant in time for cutting, avoiding the problem of nutrient consumption caused by the branches relying on the mother plant for a long time. At the same time, through effective temperature and humidity management, the rooting time is further shortened and the propagation efficiency is improved.

[0026] 3. Solve the problem of temperature and humidity management: In the traditional layering process, temperature and moisture management is more troublesome. The present invention effectively solves these problems by cutting the branches off the mother plant and grafting them into the substrate, and combines the temperature and humidity management of the shed, thereby improving the survival rate of the cuttings.

[0027] 4. High resource utilization and low production cost: The present invention combines the advantages of layering and cuttings, greatly improving the utilization efficiency and propagation coefficient of cuttings. Through scientific and standardized processing procedures, it reduces resource waste and production costs, meeting the needs of large-scale commercialization.

[0028] 5. Strong adaptability and easy promotion: The operation process of the invention is scientific and reasonable, the technology is easy to master, and it is suitable for planting garden seedlings of different scales. By optimizing the breeding links, the breeding efficiency and seedling quality are improved, which provides reliable technical support for the promotion and application of wood hydrangea and has a good market prospect.

[0029] In summary, the present invention optimizes the propagation technology of hydrangea by combining layering propagation with cutting propagation, significantly improves the rooting rate and survival rate of cuttings, shortens the propagation cycle, reduces production costs, and provides efficient and reliable technical guarantees for the large-scale propagation and promotion of hydrangea, which has important economic and social value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0031] A method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1. Selection and treatment of mother plants: Select the hydrangea plants that have been pre-treated in the previous year as the special mother plants for cuttings; the special mother plants meet the following requirements: they have bloomed in the previous year, reached physiological maturity, and the flower buds have been removed in the year of cutting;

[0033] S2 Root-promoting treatment: After the branches of the special mother plant are ring-barked within a preset time period, a rooting agent of a preset concentration is sprayed on the ring-barking area, and then sphagnum moss with a humidity of 50-60% is wrapped on the ring-barking area according to the wrapping requirements. After growing for a certain period of time, special cutting branches are obtained; during the growth period, regular inspections are carried out and flower branches are cut off; the preset concentration of the rooting agent is 20mg / L-40mg / L of indoleacetic acid or naphthylacetic acid;

[0034] Wrapping ensures that the ring-cut area receives appropriate humidity and temperature to promote the formation of callus tissue and the development of the root system; regular inspections are required, and the flower branches that appear at the top should be cut off in time to ensure that nutrients are concentrated on the branches to promote their growth and root development.

[0035] S3 cutting: cutting the special cutting branches from the special mother plant according to the cutting requirements to obtain cuttings;

[0036] S4 cuttings: Insert the cuttings into the watered substrate according to the cutting requirements. The substrate is pure vermiculite. The reasons for choosing pure vermiculite as the substrate mainly include the following: Excellent aeration: The porous structure of vermiculite provides a good oxygen supply, promotes root respiration, and is conducive to the healthy growth of the root system. Appropriate water retention capacity: Vermiculite can maintain sufficient humidity while avoiding water accumulation, reducing the risk of root rot and maintaining appropriate soil moisture. Suitable pH value: Vermiculite is usually neutral or slightly alkaline, which is suitable for plant cuttings and avoids growth problems caused by pH inappropriateness. Particle structure: The loose structure of vermiculite is easy to operate, convenient for cutting insertion, and provides a good growth space for the root system. Thermal insulation performance: Vermiculite can maintain the stability of the substrate temperature, especially in winter when cutting, to avoid the impact of temperature fluctuations on the root system. Environmental protection and cost-effectiveness: Vermiculite can be recycled and reused, reducing resource waste and production costs, and meeting the production needs of environmental protection and economic efficiency.

[0037] S5 Management after cutting: After the cutting is completed, watering, spraying rooting agent of preset concentration, building arch shed and fertilization management with temperature and humidity control are carried out. After a certain period of growth, rooted seedlings are obtained.

[0038] In step S1, pre-processing includes pruning the tree crown and removing overgrown branches and overcrowded branches.

[0039] In step S2, the preset time period is February to March or September to October each year; in the February to March time period, the two-year-old branches of the dedicated mother plant are selected; in the September to October time period, the current-year branches of the dedicated mother plant are selected.

[0040] In step S2, the requirements for the branches of the dedicated mother plant used are as follows: the indirect length is not shorter than 1 cm, the branch thickness is not less than 0.3 cm, the sucker branches sprouted from the base and the long branches on the dedicated mother plant are not usable; the wrapping requirements are as follows: after being tightly wrapped, the diameter of the sphagnum moss bag is not less than 2 cm, and the length is not shorter than 3 cm.

[0041] In step S3, the cutting requirements are as follows: the length of the cutting is 10-15 cm, with no less than 2 nodes; the upper cut is 1-2 cm away from the upper bud, and the lower cut is 1-2 cm below the ring peeling; the upper cut is inclined, and the lower cut is flat.

[0042] In step S4, the requirements for cuttings are as follows: the depth of the substrate is 20-25 cm; the cutting depth is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the length of the cuttings; the intact shape of the wrapped sphagnum moss is maintained and the sphagnum moss is buried in the substrate together.

[0043] In step S5, the first fertilization is carried out two days after spraying the rooting agent of the preset concentration, and the water-soluble compound fertilizer is sprayed every 7 to 10 days thereafter; during the temperature and humidity control fertilization management period, for the sprouts that grow, the two top buds are retained and the rest are removed.

[0044] In step S2, the growth period is 25-35 days; in step S5, the growth period is 60-65 days.

[0045] In step S2, a dark-colored plastic film is used for wrapping.

[0046] In step S5, the height of the arch shed is not less than 50 centimeters, and the arch shed is covered with a film.

[0047] Rooting rate determination: After the cutting propagation of Hydrangea oleifera according to the above method, the cuttings were observed for 60-65 days of growth. The results showed that the rooting rate of the cuttings using this method reached more than 80%.

[0048] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. A person skilled in the art of the invention may make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, but will not deviate from the spirit of the invention or exceed the defined scope. It should be understood that within the scope of the following claims, ordinary technicians may make changes and modifications. Specifically, the present invention encompasses additional embodiments with any combination of features from the above-mentioned different embodiments. With respect to the use of the expression "generally" or "substantially", this patent application should be understood to disclose that these features and values ​​are also fully satisfied, i.e., there is no aforementioned characterization as "generally" or "substantially".

Claims

1. A method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea chinensis, characterized in that: The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera comprises the following steps: S1. Selection and treatment of mother plants: Select the hydrangea plants that have been pre-treated in the previous year as the special mother plants for cuttings; the special mother plants meet the following requirements: they have bloomed in the previous year, reached physiological maturity, and the flower buds have been removed in the year of cutting; S2 Root-promoting treatment: After the branches of the special mother plant are ring-barked within a preset time period, a rooting agent of a preset concentration is sprayed on the ring-barking area, and then sphagnum moss with a humidity of 50-60% is wrapped on the ring-barking area according to the wrapping requirements. After growing for a certain period of time, special cutting branches are obtained; during the growth period, regular inspections are carried out and flower branches are cut off; the preset concentration of the rooting agent is 20mg / L-40mg / L of indoleacetic acid or naphthylacetic acid; S3 cutting: cutting the special cutting branches from the special mother plant according to the cutting requirements to obtain cuttings; S4 cuttings: insert the cuttings into the watered substrate according to the cutting requirements. The substrate is pure vermiculite. S5 Management after cutting: After the cutting is completed, watering, spraying rooting agent of preset concentration, building arch shed and fertilization management with temperature and humidity control are carried out. After a certain period of growth, rooted seedlings are obtained.

2. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, pre-processing includes pruning the tree crown and removing overgrown branches and overcrowded branches.

3. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the preset time period is February to March or September to October each year; in the February to March time period, the two-year-old branches of the dedicated mother plant are selected; in the September to October time period, the current-year branches of the dedicated mother plant are selected.

4. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the requirements for the branches of the dedicated mother plant used are as follows: the indirect length is not shorter than 1 cm, the branch thickness is not less than 0.3 cm, the sucker branches sprouted from the base and the long branches on the dedicated mother plant are not usable; the wrapping requirements are as follows: after being tightly wrapped, the diameter of the sphagnum moss bag is not less than 2 cm, and the length is not shorter than 3 cm.

5. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the cutting requirements are as follows: the length of the cutting is 10-15 cm, with no less than 2 nodes; the upper cut is 1-2 cm away from the upper bud, and the lower cut is 1-2 cm below the ring peeling; the upper cut is inclined, and the lower cut is flat.

6. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the requirements for cuttings are as follows: the depth of the substrate is 20-25 cm; the cutting depth is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the length of the cuttings; the intact shape of the wrapped sphagnum moss is maintained and the sphagnum moss is buried in the substrate together.

7. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the first fertilization is carried out two days after spraying the rooting agent of the preset concentration, and the water-soluble compound fertilizer is sprayed every 7 to 10 days thereafter; during the temperature and humidity control fertilization management period, for the sprouts that grow, the two top buds are retained and the rest are removed.

8. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the growth period is 25-35 days; in step S5, the growth period is 60-65 days.

9. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a dark-colored plastic film is used for wrapping.

10. The method for improving the rooting rate of cuttings of Hydrangea oleifera according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the height of the arch shed is not less than 50 centimeters, and the arch shed is covered with a film.