Full-automatic electric heating system and device based on integrated heat storage technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of crude oil heating, in particular to a full-automatic electric heating system and device based on the integrated heat storage technology, and the system comprises a temperature scale module, a heating module and a heat storage module. The heating module is provided with all temperature control nodes of the oil gathering pipeline, target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and a flow velocity correction factor are integrated, and adaptive electric heating power of all the temperature control nodes of the oil gathering pipeline is generated through a reverse cascade feedback control algorithm. The heat storage module continuously collects temperature field characteristics, operation condition characteristics and medium thermal attributes of the oil gathering pipeline, judges whether heat storage operation is triggered or not through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, distributes heat storage media through a priority algorithm, drives a valve to switch and execute adaptive heat storage operation, and achieves precise temperature field regulation and control and energy efficiency optimization of the oil gathering pipeline. And stable crude oil transportation is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of crude oil heating, and more particularly, to a fully automatic electric heating system and device based on integrated heat storage technology. Background Art

[0002] During the process of oilfield exploitation, the transportation of crude oil and its associated liquids is a key link. Since these exploited liquids usually contain high-viscosity components, they are prone to solidification or increased viscosity in a low-temperature environment, resulting in problems such as pipeline blockage and increased flow resistance. Therefore, in order to ensure that the exploited liquids can be smoothly transported through long-distance pipelines to the treatment facilities, effective heating technologies need to be adopted to maintain their temperature.

[0003] In the prior art, there are also solutions related to the heating of crude oil transportation. For example, a centralized heat storage / supply and distributed crude oil heat exchange system and method with the Chinese patent publication number CN117848132A includes: a distributed crude oil heat exchange module having multiple crude oil heat exchange units corresponding to crude oil well positions; a centralized heat storage / supply module with a solar heat collection module, an electric heating module, and a heat storage device inside; a data acquisition module for collecting data, electrically connected to the distributed crude oil heat exchange module, the centralized heat storage / supply module, and the external circulation pipeline; a control module, electrically connected to the data acquisition module, electrically connected to the distributed crude oil heat exchange module and the centralized heat storage / supply module, and controlling the working states of the actuators on the internal circulation pipeline and the external circulation pipeline and the working state of the electric heating module. It effectively solves the contradiction between the solar energy resources at each well position and the heat demand for crude oil heating, and realizes providing heat according to the original demand of each well position; sufficient heat is given to the crude oil through the heat medium, thus avoiding the risk of deflagration.

[0004] In addition, a crude oil heating system and method with the Chinese patent publication number CN106642687B includes a solar collector, a heat medium storage tank, and a crude oil heat exchanger. The crude oil heat exchanger includes a heat exchange unit and a heat storage unit. The outlet of the heat medium storage tank is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the inlet of the solar collector through a pipeline, the outlet of the solar collector is connected to the heat medium inlet of the crude oil heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the heat medium outlet of the crude oil heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the heat medium storage tank. The other path of the outlet of the heat medium storage tank is connected to the heat medium inlet of the heat storage unit through a pipeline, and the heat medium discharge outlet of the heat storage unit is connected to the heat medium inlet of the crude oil heat exchanger through a pipeline. The crude oil heating system can improve the utilization efficiency of solar heat and at the same time improve the stability of solar heat output.

[0005] Although the above two schemes have proposed some solutions for crude oil transportation heating technology, the existing technology still has certain limitations, which are as follows: 1. The existing oil gathering pipeline heating technology has been able to adopt a distributed heating strategy to help crude oil reach the predetermined heating standard during transportation. However, the existing technology usually adopts a unified heating target temperature and sets the same heating settings for each distributed heating point, ignoring the actual demand differences that may exist at each heating point, and does not tailor a personalized heating strategy according to different environments and flow conditions, resulting in low heating efficiency and failure to ensure the stable flow of crude oil at different locations.

[0006] 2. Existing oil-gathering pipeline heat storage technology mainly relies on a single heat storage medium, and has not yet been effectively applied in the design and use of multi-stage heat storage media. The use of a single heat storage medium often limits the system's heat storage capacity and energy efficiency, and cannot give full play to the advantages of different media. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, a fully automatic electric heating system and device based on integrated heat storage technology is proposed.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: in the first aspect, the present invention provides a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology, including: a temperature scale module, a heating module and a heat storage module.

[0009] The temperature scale module is connected to the heating module, and the heating module is connected to the heat storage module.

[0010] The temperature calibration module obtains the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline and obtains the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable transportation of the pipeline fluid through the preset calibration rules, which is recorded as the target temperature.

[0011] The heating module is arranged at each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline. The target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and flow rate correction factor are integrated, and the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline is generated by using the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm.

[0012] The heat storage module continuously collects the temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics and thermal properties of the oil collection pipeline, determines whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, and uses the priority algorithm to allocate the heat storage medium and drive the valve switching to perform the adapted heat storage operation.

[0013] Second aspect, the present invention provides a fully automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology, including: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus: a computer-readable program executable by the processor is stored on the memory. The communication bus realizes the connection and communication between the processor and the memory. When the processor executes the computer-readable program, it realizes the described fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following advantages or beneficial effects: 1. According to the technical characteristics of multi-source parameter dynamic calibration and intelligent collaborative control, the present invention adopts reverse cascade feedback, multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, and priority scheduling heat storage technology means to achieve precise and uniform regulation of the temperature field of the oil gathering pipeline, dynamic matching of the supply and demand of the heat storage medium, and coordinated optimization of system energy efficiency and safety, ensuring the stability of thermal operations and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption.

[0015] 2. According to the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, the present invention adopts the technical means of Reynolds number-pressure drop equation inversion, viscosity-temperature inverse analysis, and phase equilibrium model superposition safety margin to achieve precise calibration of the thermal operation temperature range, and then determine the corresponding suitable thermal operation temperature for stable pipeline fluid transportation, effectively taking into account the pipeline flow stability and gasification risk prevention and control.

[0016] 3. For each temperature control node arranged on the oil gathering pipeline, the present invention adopts the technical means of comprehensive compensation of temperature difference-heat loss-flow velocity correction factor and reverse cascade feedback control to achieve personalized analysis and regulation of the electric heating power of the temperature control node, avoiding the defects of unified regulation in the prior art, and improving the temperature control accuracy and energy utilization efficiency of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0017] 4. According to the temperature field characteristics, operating conditions characteristics, and medium thermal properties of the oil gathering pipeline, the present invention adopts the technical means of coupling evaluation model and priority algorithm to achieve precise on-demand distribution of the heat storage medium and adaptive switching of valves, ensuring efficient and precise heat storage operations, and thus improving the operation stability and economy of the oil gathering pipeline. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The present invention is further described with reference to the drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the following drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a specific step flow chart of using the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate the appropriate electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline mentioned in the heating module of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a fully automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology is provided. According to the technical features of multi-source parameter dynamic calibration and intelligent collaborative control, reverse cascade feedback, multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, and priority scheduling heat storage technology means are adopted to achieve precise and uniform regulation of the temperature field of the oil gathering pipeline, dynamic matching of the supply and demand of the heat storage medium, and collaborative optimization of system energy efficiency and safety, ensuring the stability of thermal operation and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption. It includes: a temperature scale module, a heating module, and a heat storage module.

[0025] The temperature scale module is connected to the heating module, and the heating module is connected to the heat storage module.

[0026] The temperature scale module obtains the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, and obtains the corresponding adapted thermal operation temperature for stable pipeline fluid transportation through a preset calibration rule, denoted as the target temperature.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline include the flow rate, temperature, pressure, viscosity, and component vector data of the liquid.

[0028] It should be noted that the above liquid flow rate, temperature, pressure, and viscosity can be monitored and obtained through an electromagnetic flowmeter, a thermal resistance sensor, a piezoresistive pressure sensor, and an on-line vibrating viscometer respectively. The component vector data is specifically obtained through an on-line gas chromatograph or a near-infrared spectrometer, referring to the respective components contained in the liquid and their proportions.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preset calibration rule includes the following content: calculate the Reynolds number according to the inlet fluid parameters, judge the liquid flow state at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, select the pressure drop equation corresponding to the flow state, and further solve the upper limit viscosity of the liquid that satisfies the pipeline pressure drop constraint by inverting the pressure drop equation.

[0030] What needs to be supplemented to the above is that the Reynolds number refers to its general calculation formula , where are the density, flow rate and viscosity of the liquid respectively, are the preset length and preset cross-sectional area of the oil gathering pipeline respectively, can be obtained by referring to the professional chemical manual of the oilfield production fluid type when the liquid type of the oil gathering pipeline is clarified later.

[0031] Set the critical Reynolds number threshold. If the calculated Reynolds number is less than or equal to the critical Reynolds number threshold, it is judged that the liquid flow state at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline is laminar flow, and the laminar flow state pressure drop equation (such as the Hagen-Poiseuille equation) is called. If the calculated Reynolds number is greater than the critical Reynolds number threshold, it is judged that the liquid flow state at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline is turbulent flow, and the turbulent flow state pressure drop equation (such as the Colebrook-White equation or the Darcy-Weisbach equation) is called.

[0032] The pipeline pressure drop constraint refers to the maximum allowable pressure loss limit allowed by the project. Its data sources are the pumping capacity limit of the oil gathering pipeline, the pressure-bearing strength limit of the pipe material, and the inlet pressure demand of the downstream equipment. It is usually set to interval.

[0033] The above-mentioned method is used to solve the upper limit viscosity of the liquid that satisfies the pipeline pressure drop constraint by inverting the pressure drop equation. The following is an example: Set the length of the oil gathering pipeline , inner diameter , flow rate , pipeline pressure drop constraint , and the upper limit viscosity of the liquid obtained by inverting the laminar flow pressure drop equation is .

[0034] Extract the liquid component vector data in the inlet fluid parameters, match it with the component characteristic database that presets the oilfield production fluid types, determine the liquid type of the oil gathering pipeline, and call the preset physical property parameter set and viscosity-temperature curve model of the oilfield production fluid type.

[0035] Substitute the upper limit viscosity of the liquid into the inverse function analytical formula of the viscosity-temperature curve model ( ), and obtain the lower limit temperature of the thermal operation for stable pipeline fluid transportation.

[0036] According to the preset phase equilibrium thermodynamics model, combined with the preset physical property parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid, calculate the vaporization temperature of the oil gathering pipeline liquid at the current pressure, and superimpose the set safety margin to define the upper limit temperature of the thermal operation for stable pipeline fluid transportation.

[0037] It is necessary to supplement the above that the preset physical property parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid includes the critical temperature (the upper limit temperature at which gas-liquid two-phase coexistence occurs in the fluid), the critical pressure (the saturated vapor pressure corresponding to the critical temperature), the eccentricity factor (a correction parameter reflecting the non-ideality of the molecular structure), the molar mass, the molar fraction of the mixture component (based on the situation that the oil gathering pipeline liquid is a multi-component fluid), and the binary interaction parameter (based on the situation that the oil gathering pipeline liquid is a mixture).

[0038] The preset phase equilibrium thermodynamic model specifically refers to the PR state equation, and the specific steps for calculating the vaporization temperature of the oil gathering pipeline liquid at the current pressure are: taking the preset percentage of the critical temperature in the preset physical property parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid as the initial temperature, for pure component fluids, the vaporization temperature satisfies the solution of the PR state equation at the corresponding vaporization pressure of the oil gathering pipeline liquid, and for multi-component mixtures, it is necessary to simultaneously establish the gas-liquid equilibrium equation, that is, the liquid phase fugacity coefficient of each component is equal to its gas phase fugacity coefficient, so as to verify whether the phase equilibrium condition is met. If not, the temperature is updated by Newton's method, and when the equation residual is less than the preset allowable threshold, the current updated temperature is used as the vaporization temperature.

[0039] Based on the temperature range defined by the upper and lower limits of the thermal operation temperature, the thermal operation temperature range for stable transportation of the pipeline fluid is calibrated, and the median of the temperature range is selected as the corresponding adaptive thermal operation temperature for stable transportation of the pipeline fluid.

[0040] According to the inlet fluid parameters of the oil gathering pipeline, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the technical means of Reynolds number-pressure drop equation inversion, viscosity-temperature inversion analysis and phase equilibrium model superposition safety margin to achieve accurate calibration of the thermal operating temperature range, and then determine the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable transportation of the pipeline fluid, effectively taking into account the pipeline flow stability and gasification risk prevention and control.

[0041] The heating module is arranged at each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline, and comprehensively considers target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and flow rate correction factor, and utilizes a reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0042] It should be noted that the layout method of each temperature control node of the above oil gathering pipeline is as follows: taking the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline as the first temperature control node, and then setting the remaining temperature control nodes in sequence according to the preset distance. This preset distance is not determined randomly, but is based on various factors such as the material characteristics of the oil gathering pipeline, environmental conditions, operation requirements, and economy. Engineers determine this key distance mainly through two ways: one is to conduct a detailed analysis using simulation software, simulate the operation of the pipeline at different preset distances, evaluate various indicators to obtain the optimal interval; the other is to refer to the successful cases of previous similar projects, draw on the appropriate interval distances that have been tested in practice, and adjust them in combination with the unique features of the current project, so as to determine the interval distance of the temperature control nodes that best suits the oil gathering pipeline project of the present invention.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, for a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for generating the appropriate electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline using the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm includes the following steps: A1. Perform an analysis of the target temperature difference compensation amount and the pipe section heat loss compensation amount for each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline, calculate the initial electric heating power node by node through weighted superposition along the fluid movement direction, and construct a forward cascade power distribution matrix.

[0044] It should be noted that the above forward cascade power distribution matrix is specifically a 1-row and n-column structure, which corresponds to n temperature control nodes arranged in sequence along the fluid movement direction. The matrix element represents the initial electric heating power of the th temperature control node. is the number of each temperature control node. .

[0045] A2. Obtain the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the downstream temperature control node is located, set a corresponding reasonable flow rate range according to the target temperature, generate a flow rate correction factor when the measured liquid flow rate deviates from the reasonable flow rate range, and transmit the flow rate correction factor to the upstream temperature control nodes step by step through the reverse propagation channel to correct the initial electric heating power of the upstream temperature control nodes, so as to generate the power distribution matrix for the current iteration.

[0046] It should be added that the logical explanation for step A2 above is: regarding the pipeline between the th temperature control node and the th temperature control node as the pipe section where the th temperature control node is located, comparing the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the th temperature control node is located with the corresponding reasonable flow rate range set according to the target temperature, obtaining the deviation of the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the th temperature control node is located from the reasonable flow rate range, constructing a proportional term and an integral term, and generating the flow rate correction factor corresponding to the th temperature control node through dimensionless accumulation processing. , according to the layout position of the th temperature control node, following the principle that the greater the spacing, the smaller the weight distribution and the sum of weights is 1, determine the distribution weights of its preceding temperature control nodes , and use the formula to correct the initial electric heating power of the preceding temperature control nodes.

[0047] It should also be noted that the specific method for obtaining the deviation of the measured liquid flow velocity of the pipe section where the above th temperature control node is located from the reasonable flow velocity range is as follows: If the measured liquid flow velocity of the pipe section where the th temperature control node is located is within the reasonable flow velocity range corresponding to the target temperature setting, then set the deviation to 0. If it is greater than the upper limit of the range, then define the deviation as the difference between the upper limit of the range and the measured liquid flow velocity (corresponding to the downward adjustment of the electric heating power). If it is less than the lower limit of the range, then define the deviation as the absolute difference between the measured liquid flow velocity and the lower limit of the range (corresponding to the upward adjustment of the electric heating power).

[0048] Furthermore, it should be noted that the logical explanations of the proportional term and the integral term of the flow velocity correction factor corresponding to the above th temperature control node are as follows: The proportional term is the product of the preset proportional coefficient and the deviation of the measured liquid flow velocity of the pipe section where the th temperature control node is located from the reasonable flow velocity range corresponding to the target temperature setting ( ). When the actual flow velocity deviates from the target value, the proportional term immediately generates a correction amount that is linearly related to the deviation magnitude, leading to a rapid response. The integral term is the time integral of the preset integral coefficient and the historical flow velocity deviation (here mainly the cumulative deviation of the measured liquid flow velocity from the pipe section of the first temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline to the pipe section where the th temperature control node is located, and the manifestation form is ), reflecting the influence of long-term continuous deviation and leading to an improvement in accuracy. Among them, the preset proportional coefficient and the preset integral coefficient are both obtained through experimental calibration.

[0049] As an example, assume that an oil gathering pipeline is equipped with 4 temperature control nodes , the target flow velocity range is , and the relevant parameters of each temperature control node are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1: Example of relevant parameters of each temperature control node

[0051]

[0052] Based on a preset proportional coefficient of 0.5, a preset integral coefficient of 0.2, and a node flow velocity measurement time interval of 1 s, the proportional term value is 0.1 and the integral term value is 0.2. Thus, the flow velocity correction factor corresponding to the 4th temperature control node is calculated to be 0.3.

[0053] According to the position distances of the first 3 temperature control nodes relative to the 4th temperature control node, the distribution weights of the first 3 temperature control nodes are determined to be 0.1818, 0.2727, and 0.5455 respectively. The corrected results of the electric heating powers of the first 3 temperature control nodes are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2: Corrected Results of Electric Heating Powers of the First 3 Temperature Control Nodes

[0055]

[0056] By adjusting the node positions to 0 m, 10 m, 20 m, and 30 m, the weight distribution more densely reflects the influence of adjacent nodes at close range. The flow velocity deviation of the 4th node triggers reverse feedback correction. The closer the node (such as node 3), the greater the power adjustment amplitude (+16.3%), and the farther the node (such as node 1), the smaller the adjustment amplitude (+5.5%). This logic ensures that the correction strategy is consistent with the physical laws of pipeline heat conduction and flow continuity, while optimizing energy consumption distribution.

[0057] A3. Construct a dual-index criterion including the temperature field equilibrium degree and the energy consumption volatility rate to judge whether the convergence condition is met. If it is met, output each element of the power distribution matrix of the current iteration as the appropriate electric heating power for the corresponding temperature control node of the gathering pipeline. Otherwise, use the power distribution matrix of the current iteration as the forward cascade power distribution matrix and re-trigger the reverse correction process until the convergence condition is met.

[0058] It should be noted that the above temperature field equilibrium degree specifically refers to the reciprocal of the calculated temperature standard deviation of each temperature control node of the gathering pipeline, the energy consumption volatility rate specifically refers to the power change rate corresponding to adjacent iteration cycles of the gathering pipeline, and the convergence condition specifically means that the temperature field equilibrium degree is greater than its set threshold and the energy consumption volatility rate is less than its set threshold. The set thresholds of both are set according to engineering requirements. A typical example: the set threshold of the temperature field equilibrium degree is 20, and the set threshold of the energy consumption volatility rate is 1%.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the target temperature difference compensation amount analysis includes the following content: collect the liquid temperatures at the positions of each temperature control node of the gathering pipeline, and calculate the electric heating power under the temperature difference compensation through a preset thermal power mapping relationship according to the temperature difference between the target temperature and the liquid temperatures at the positions of each temperature control node of the gathering pipeline.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-mentioned preset heat power mapping relationship specifically refers to the use of an electric heating power calculation formula based on heat balance, and the specific formula is in the form of the product of the temperature difference value, the specific heat capacity of the liquid, the density of the liquid, the liquid flow rate, and the preset electro-thermal conversion efficiency coefficient.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the analysis of the pipe section heat loss compensation amount includes the following: according to the oil gathering pipeline material, the insulation layer parameters, and the environmental temperature parameters, the steady-state heat loss amount between adjacent temperature control nodes is obtained through the heat attenuation prediction formula, and the steady-state heat loss amount is converted into the compensation heat required to maintain the target temperature, and is mapped to the electric heating power increment based on the preset electro-thermal conversion efficiency coefficient.

[0062] It should be noted that the above heat attenuation prediction formula is based on a steady-state heat conduction model, and its formula is specifically , where respectively represent the length and average temperature of the pipe section between adjacent temperature control nodes, is the environmental temperature, is the natural constant, specifically refers to the pipeline or the insulation layer, represents the preset thermal conductivity corresponding to the pipeline material or the insulation layer material. When referring to the pipeline, respectively represent the outer diameter and inner diameter of the pipeline. When referring to the insulation layer, respectively represent the outer diameter of the insulation layer and the outer diameter of the pipeline. The physical meaning of this formula is that the numerator represents the combined effect of the temperature difference (the potential energy driving heat conduction) and the pipeline geometric dimensions, and the denominator represents the thermal resistance composed of the pipeline and the insulation layer, reflecting the hindrance of different materials to heat conduction. It is applicable to pipeline systems operating stably for a long time, ignoring transient temperature fluctuations, quantifying the influence of each layer of material on heat loss, so as to help accurately analyze the steady-state heat loss amount between adjacent temperature control nodes.

[0063] Exemplarily, if the length of the pipe section between adjacent temperature control nodes is 10m, the inner diameter, outer diameter of the pipeline, and outer diameter of the insulation layer are 0.1m, 0.12m, and 0.15m respectively, the pipeline material is steel, and its corresponding thermal conductivity is 45 , the insulation layer material is polyurethane foam, and its corresponding thermal conductivity is , the average temperature of the pipe section between adjacent temperature control nodes is 80 , and the environmental temperature is 20 , then after calculation, the pipeline thermal resistance value and the insulation layer thermal resistance value are 0.00405 and 4.462 respectively, the denominator value is 4.46605, and the steady-state heat loss amount between adjacent temperature control nodes is .

[0064] In the embodiments of the present invention, for each temperature control node in the oil gathering pipeline, a comprehensive compensation technology of temperature difference - heat loss - flow rate correction factor and a reverse cascade feedback control technology means are adopted to realize personalized analysis and regulation of the electric heating power of the temperature control nodes, avoid the defects of unified regulation in the prior art, and improve the temperature control accuracy and energy utilization efficiency of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0065] The heat storage module continuously collects the temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics of the oil gathering pipeline, and the thermal properties of the medium, judges whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi - dimensional coupling evaluation, and uses a priority algorithm to allocate the heat storage medium to drive the valve to switch and execute the adapted heat storage operation.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the judgment of whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi - dimensional coupling evaluation includes: calculating the comprehensive heat storage level index and the temperature field discrete index of the oil gathering pipeline according to the real - time liquid temperature monitoring data at the positions of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0067] It should be noted that the specific calculation process of the above - mentioned comprehensive heat storage level index is as follows: for the real - time liquid temperature monitoring data at the positions of each temperature control node, calculate the heat storage capacity of the pipe section where each temperature control node is located (the product of the preset heat capacity coefficient of the pipe section and the difference between the measured liquid temperature of the pipe section and the target temperature), that is, the heat storage margin of the pipe section relative to the target temperature at the current temperature, and count the total heat storage capacity of the pipe sections where all temperature control nodes are located, and perform a ratio operation with the preset reasonable heat storage capacity to obtain the comprehensive heat storage level index of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0068] The specific calculation process of the temperature field discrete index is: calculate the temperature standard deviation of the real - time liquid temperature monitoring data at the positions of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline, and further perform normalization processing on the calculated temperature standard deviation to obtain the temperature field discrete index.

[0069] Extract the planned shutdown time of the oil gathering pipeline from the equipment operation log, and obtain the interval duration relative to the planned shutdown time in real - time.

[0070] Extract the preset heat storage level comprehensive index compliance threshold, temperature field discrete index compliance threshold, and interval shutdown duration threshold in the heat storage trigger specification. If at a certain moment, the oil gathering pipeline meets any one of the conditions that its heat storage level comprehensive index is greater than or equal to the preset compliance threshold, the temperature field discrete index is greater than or equal to the preset compliance threshold, and the interval shutdown duration is less than the preset threshold, it is judged that the heat storage operation is triggered.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of allocating the heat storage medium by using the priority algorithm includes the following steps: obtain the average value of the current temperature field of the oil gathering pipeline, and screen out each heat storage medium whose heat storage working temperature range contains the average value of the current temperature field of the oil gathering pipeline to form a candidate medium set.

[0072] Calculate the heat matching factor, economic factor, and safety factor for each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set, and further accumulate the product of each type of factor and its corresponding preset weight. Arrange the candidate medium set in descending order of the accumulated value to generate a medium priority queue.

[0073] It should be noted that the specific method for calculating the heat matching factor, economic factor, and safety factor for each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set is as follows: Collect the temperature fluctuation range of the oil gathering pipeline temperature field within a preset time period, compare it with the heat storage working temperature range to which each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set belongs, determine the temperature range coverage length of each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set for the oil gathering pipeline temperature field, and use the ratio of it to the temperature range length defined by the upper and lower limits of the thermal operation as the temperature matching item. Obtain the specific heat capacity of each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set, and use the ratio of it to the preset reference specific heat capacity (the specific heat capacity of water) as the heat capacity contribution item. The sum of the temperature matching item and the heat capacity contribution item is used as the heat matching factor.

[0074] Obtain the preset unit heat cost and remaining cycle life of each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set. Take the reciprocal of the preset unit heat cost as the cost efficiency item, and take the ratio of the remaining cycle life to the maximum remaining cycle life as the life contribution item. Then, the economic factor is obtained from the sum of the cost efficiency item and the life contribution item.

[0075] Obtain the chemical stability score, corrosion score, and environmental toxicity score set in advance by professionals for each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set. Take the reciprocal of the accumulated value of the chemical stability score, corrosion score, and environmental toxicity score as the safety factor.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving valve switching is performed to adapt to the heat storage operation, including: Select the first medium in the medium priority queue. If its remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil gathering pipeline, open the heat storage valve of the first medium and adjust the valve opening based on the preset opening adjustment rule.

[0077] It should be noted that the above preset opening adjustment rule is the PID algorithm.

[0078] If the remaining capacity of the first medium is less than the current heat storage amount of the oil gathering pipeline, then sequentially enable the subsequent heat storage media in order of priority until the cumulative remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil gathering pipeline, and allocate the opening ratio of each medium valve based on the proportion of the remaining capacity of each medium.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present invention, according to the temperature field characteristics, operating conditions characteristics, and medium thermal properties of the oil gathering pipeline, a coupling evaluation model and a priority algorithm technical means are adopted to achieve accurate on-demand distribution of the heat storage medium and adaptive switching of valves, ensuring efficient and accurate heat storage operations, and thereby improving the operating stability and economy of the oil gathering pipeline.

[0080] Embodiment 2

[0081] As Figure 3 shown, in the second embodiment of the present invention, a full-automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology is provided, including: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus: a computer-readable program executable by the processor is stored on the memory. The communication bus realizes the connection and communication between the processor and the memory. When the processor executes the computer-readable program, the full-automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology can be realized.

[0082] Specifically, the above-mentioned memory and processor can be general-purpose memory and processor, and no specific limitation is made here. When the processor runs the computer-readable program stored in the memory, it can execute the relevant steps of the above system.

[0083] The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above system can be completed by the integrated logic circuit in the hardware of the processor or the instructions in the form of software. The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU for short), a network processor (NP for short), etc. It can also be a digital signal processor (DSP for short), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC for short), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA for short), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The method steps related to the system disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed and completed by the hardware decoding processor, or executed and completed by the combination of the hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in the random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and combines its hardware to complete the steps of the above system.

[0084] The above content is only an example and explanation of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present technology pertains can make various modifications, supplements, or use similar methods for substitution to the described specific embodiments, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, and shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology, characterized in that: The system includes: The temperature calibration module obtains the fluid parameters at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline and obtains the thermal operating temperature corresponding to the stable transportation of the pipeline fluid through the preset calibration rules, which is recorded as the target temperature; The heating module is used to arrange the temperature control nodes of the oil gathering pipeline, and the target temperature difference compensation, pipe section heat loss compensation and flow rate correction factor are integrated to generate the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline using the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm; The heat storage module continuously collects the temperature field characteristics, operating condition characteristics and thermal properties of the oil collection pipeline, determines whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation, and uses the priority algorithm to allocate the heat storage medium and drive the valve switching to perform the adapted heat storage operation.

2. A fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid parameters at the oil gathering pipeline inlet include flow rate, temperature, pressure, viscosity and component vector data of the liquid.

3. A fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset calibration rules include the following: calculating the Reynolds number according to the inlet fluid parameters, determining the flow state of the liquid at the inlet of the oil gathering pipeline, selecting the pressure drop equation corresponding to the flow state, and further solving the permissible upper limit viscosity of the liquid that satisfies the pipeline pressure drop constraint by inverting the pressure drop equation; Extract liquid component vector data from the inlet fluid parameters, match it with a preset component feature database covering multiple oilfield production fluid types, determine the type of oil gathering pipeline liquid, and call the preset physical property parameter set and viscosity-temperature curve model of the oilfield production fluid type; Substitute the upper limit viscosity of the liquid into the inverse function analytical formula of the viscosity-temperature curve model to obtain the lower limit temperature of the thermal operation for stable transportation of pipeline fluid; According to the preset phase equilibrium thermodynamic model, combined with the preset physical property parameter set of the oil gathering pipeline liquid, the vaporization temperature of the oil gathering pipeline liquid under the current pressure is calculated, and the safety margin is superimposed to define the upper limit temperature of thermal operation for stable transportation of pipeline fluid; Based on the temperature range defined by the upper and lower limits of the thermal operation temperature, the thermal operation temperature range for stable transportation of the pipeline fluid is calibrated, and the median of the temperature range is selected as the corresponding adaptive thermal operation temperature for stable transportation of the pipeline fluid.

4. The fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of using the reverse cascade feedback control algorithm to generate the adaptive electric heating power of each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline comprises the following steps: A1. performing target temperature difference compensation analysis and pipe section heat loss compensation analysis on each temperature control node of the oil gathering pipeline, calculating the initial electric heating power node by node by weighted superposition along the fluid movement direction, and constructing a forward cascade power distribution matrix; A2. Obtain the measured liquid flow rate of the pipe section where the downstream temperature control node is located, set the corresponding reasonable flow rate range according to the target temperature, generate a flow rate correction factor when the measured liquid flow rate deviates from the reasonable flow rate range, and transmit the flow rate correction factor step by step to the upstream temperature control node through the reverse propagation channel to correct the initial electric heating power of the upstream temperature control node to generate the power distribution matrix of the current iteration; A3. Construct a dual-index criterion including temperature field balance and energy consumption fluctuation rate to determine whether the convergence conditions are met. If so, output each element of the iterative power distribution matrix as the adaptive electric heating power of the corresponding oil gathering pipeline temperature control node. Otherwise, use the iterative power distribution matrix as the forward cascade power distribution matrix to re-trigger the reverse correction process until the convergence conditions are met.

5. A fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The target temperature difference compensation analysis includes the following contents: collecting the liquid temperature at each temperature control node position of the oil collecting pipeline, and calculating the electric heating power under the temperature difference compensation through a preset thermal power mapping relationship according to the temperature difference between the target temperature and the liquid temperature at each temperature control node position of the oil collecting pipeline.

6. A fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis of the heat loss compensation amount of the pipe section includes the following contents: according to the material of the oil collecting pipeline, the parameters of the insulation layer and the ambient temperature parameters, the steady-state heat loss between adjacent temperature control nodes is obtained through the thermal attenuation prediction formula, the steady-state heat loss is converted into the compensation heat required to maintain the target temperature, and it is mapped to the electric heating power increment based on the preset electric heat conversion efficiency coefficient.

7. The fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of judging whether to trigger the heat storage operation through multi-dimensional coupling evaluation includes: calculating the comprehensive index of the heat storage level and the temperature field discrete index of the oil gathering pipeline according to the real-time liquid temperature monitoring data at each temperature control node position of the oil gathering pipeline; Extract the planned downtime of the oil gathering pipeline according to the equipment operation log, and obtain the interval duration relative to the planned downtime in real time; The heat storage level comprehensive index reaching standard threshold, temperature field discrete index reaching standard threshold and interval shutdown time threshold preset in the heat storage trigger specification are extracted. If at a certain moment the oil gathering pipeline satisfies any one of the following conditions: the heat storage level comprehensive index is greater than or equal to the preset standard threshold, the temperature field discrete index is greater than or equal to the preset standard threshold, and the interval shutdown time is less than the preset threshold, then the heat storage operation is determined to be triggered.

8. The fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of allocating heat storage media using a priority algorithm comprises the following steps: obtaining the current average value of the oil collecting pipeline temperature field, screening each heat storage medium whose heat storage working temperature interval includes the current average value of the oil collecting pipeline temperature field, and forming a candidate medium set; The thermal matching factor, economic factor and safety factor are calculated for each heat storage medium in the candidate medium set, and the products of various factors and their corresponding preset weights are further accumulated. The candidate medium set is arranged in descending order according to the accumulated value from large to small, so as to generate a medium priority queue.

9. A fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving valve switching to perform the adaptive heat storage operation includes: selecting the first medium in the medium priority queue, and if the remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil gathering pipeline, opening the first medium heat storage valve, and adjusting the valve opening based on a preset opening control rule; If the remaining capacity of the first medium is less than the current heat storage capacity of the oil collection pipeline, the subsequent heat storage media will be activated in order of priority until the cumulative remaining capacity is greater than or equal to the current heat storage demand of the oil collection pipeline, and the opening ratio of each medium valve will be allocated based on the proportion of the remaining capacity of each medium.

10. A fully automatic electric heating device based on integrated heat storage technology, characterized in that: include: Processor, memory and communication bus: the memory stores a computer-readable program that can be executed by the processor; the communication bus realizes the connection and communication between the processor and the memory; when the processor executes the computer-readable program, it realizes a fully automatic electric heating system based on integrated heat storage technology as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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