Coal rock reservoir productivity adjusting auxiliary agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal rock reservoir productivity adjusting auxiliary agent and a preparation method thereof, the coal rock reservoir productivity adjusting auxiliary agent integrates multifunctional components such as an intelligent response type surfactant, a nanoparticle composite material, a bio-based solvent, intelligent microspheres and microbial flora, and the auxiliary agent can continuously reduce interfacial tension, adjust wettability and stabilize a pore structure in a high-temperature and high-salt environment; the nano skeleton support can effectively prevent pore collapse and provide catalytic desorption sites, the bio-based solvent solubilizes coal rock organic components, the intelligent microspheres realize delayed controlled release of the corrosion inhibitor, the scale inhibitor and microbial nutrient components through heat, pressure or pH stimulation, microbial flora continuously breed in a reservoir, a local acidification or gas production effect is generated, and the coal rock organic components in the reservoir can be degraded. The method disclosed by the invention is green, environment-friendly, economical and feasible, and can be widely applied to efficient development of resources such as unconventional coal bed gas and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an adjuvant for regulating the productivity of coal-rock reservoirs and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an adjuvant for regulating the productivity of coal-rock reservoirs and a preparation method thereof applied to the technical field of enhanced stimulation of coal-rock reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of unconventional oil and gas resource development technologies, coalbed methane (CBM) or other unconventional reservoirs rich in adsorbed hydrocarbons have become important energy supplement sources. However, coal-rock reservoirs usually have characteristics such as deep burial, poor toughness, well-developed natural fractures but easy to collapse, resulting in great difficulty in effective stimulation and limited productivity improvement.

[0003] In the prior art, fracturing stimulation of coal seams mainly relies on proppants, acidification or chemical modifiers. However, traditional proppants will face problems such as embedding, fragmentation, and attenuation of conductivity in coal-rock reservoirs; at the same time, conventional chemical modifiers are prone to failure or cause secondary damage to the formation in high-temperature and high-salt environments. For this reason, many researchers have tried to add functional modified coatings on the surface of proppants, or use low-density enhanced proppants to reduce embedding, and combine polymer fracturing fluid systems and other means to achieve effective stimulation of coal seams.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN117821053B discloses a low-embedding ultra-low density proppant for coalbed methane well fracturing and a preparation method thereof. The core lies in suspension polymerization of a composite nano-enhancer and a liquid resin in a dispersion system to obtain a proppant with a lower density and strength that can match the coal seam. Compared with quartz sand and ceramsite, it has a lower embedding degree in coal rock, higher fracture conductivity, and a relatively simplified preparation process flow and lower cost. Existing advantages: ultra-low density, low embedding, and can improve conductivity; relatively low energy consumption and controllable cost in the preparation process. There are limitations: This technology mainly solves the problems of proppant embedding and density, and pays less attention to more functional requirements such as chemical modification and microbial enhanced oil recovery in the reservoir. There is still room for improvement in how to further reduce formation damage and extend the stimulation validity period under high salinity and high temperature coal seam conditions.

[0005] Chinese Invention Patent CN115074108B. This patent discloses a coalbed methane fracturing proppant and a polymer fracturing fluid system. By forming an active coating film on the surface of the ceramic proppant, it can crosslink with polymer molecules after fracturing construction, reduce the embedding of proppants under high closure stress conditions, and cooperate to break the gel and reduce viscosity. Existing advantages: The coated ceramic proppant and the polymer fracturing fluid cooperate with each other, which can enhance the anti-embedding effect and reduce the damage of residual polymer to the formation. Limitations: This system mainly focuses on the active coating film on the surface of the proppant and the modification of the fracturing fluid, and there are still deficiencies in the comprehensive promotion effects on aspects such as the desorption promotion of adsorbed gas in coal rock, microbial enhanced recovery, and nano-framework support. In addition, the sustainability of the coating layer and its stability under extreme conditions also need to be further optimized.

[0006] The existing transformation of coal rock reservoirs takes low-density proppants or active-coated proppants as the core idea, focusing on solving the problems of proppant embedding and fracturing fluid gel breaking, but still lacks: a comprehensive solution for synergistically improving desorption efficiency and slowing down gas production decline by multi-functional chemical and biological means; a systematic design for the stability of chemical agents, the sustainability of the support framework, and the adaptability of microbial enhanced recovery in high-temperature and high-salt environments; more precise controlled release, recyclable or eco-friendly technical means to further reduce environmental risks and total costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the above-mentioned existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to achieve multiple interface regulation and pore support, delayed controlled release and microbial enhanced recovery.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a productivity regulating additive for coal rock reservoirs, which includes the following components (by the total mass of the additive): A) Intelligent response surfactant 5 - 40 wt. %: It is composed of a polymer with multiple stimulus response characteristics of temperature, pH and / or ionic strength. The polymer is selected from one or a combination of the following: 1) Copolymers containing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) structural units; 2) Polyelectrolytes containing acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or their salts; 3) Modified polymers containing maleic anhydride, phosphoric acid groups or phosphonic acid groups; And optionally introduce long-chain alkyl groups, fluoroalkyl groups or coordination groups on the side chains or end groups of the polymer to enhance its salt tolerance and interface regulation ability; B) Nanoparticle composite material 1 - 20 wt. %: It is composed of one or more of the following materials, and can partially or completely replace each other or be mixed with each other: modified nano-clay particles, nano-silica particles, magnetic nanoparticles, and graphene, graphene oxide or their alkyl coupling agent functionalized derivatives; where: 1) If modified nano-clay particles and nano-silica particles are used, the mass ratio thereof is 1:(0.2 - 3); 2) If magnetic nanoparticles are used, they are selected from Fe 3 O 4 or γ-Fe 2 O 3 , and account for 1 - 30% of the total mass of the above non-magnetic components (clay, SiO 2 , graphene / graphene oxide); 3) After the above nano-materials are surface-modified by organosilane, small molecule chelating agent or alkyl coupling agent, etc., a stable dispersion that can construct a support framework in coal-rock pores, prevent collapse and provide adsorption or catalytic action is formed through ultrasonic or high-speed shear dispersion; C) Bio-based solvent 2 - 30 wt.%: selected from plant extracts, terpene compounds, fatty acid esters or mixtures thereof, such as limonene, terpineol, soybean methyl ester or phytol, and may contain 1 - 10 vol.% of alcohol co-solvent to improve the solubility in coal-rock pore water and the wetting modification ability; D) Intelligent microspheres 0.1 - 10 wt.%: the capsule wall material thereof is a degradable organic polymer or an inorganic shell layer, and the encapsulated core active substance is selected from one or more of scale inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, bio-enzymes, microbial nutrient components or microbial metabolites; the microspheres undergo capsule rupture or degradation when the temperature ≥ 50 °C, pH < 5 or > 9, acoustic wave vibration or pressure difference ≥ 5 MPa, so as to release the core active substance directionally; E) Microbial flora 0.01 - 5 wt.%: selected from a composite flora of high-temperature resistant methane-producing bacteria, facultative or aerobic bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria or organic acid-producing bacteria; the flora can change the pore structure, wettability or local pressure gradient by metabolizing to produce gas, secreting biosurfactants or organic acids under coal-rock reservoir conditions, so as to promote the desorption of adsorbed gas and improve the permeability of coal-rock reservoirs.

[0009] The intelligent response-type surfactant is a copolymer containing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and sodium acrylate structural units, and enhanced salt tolerance and high-temperature resistance are obtained by introducing phosphate groups or phosphonic acid groups in the later stage of polymerization.

[0010] The surface of the magnetic nanoparticles in the nanoparticle composite material is further coated with a small amount of metal oxide or noble metal particles, which is used to enhance the catalytic desorption or oxidative decomposition of coal-rock organic matter; the magnetic nanoparticles can be partially recycled by using an external magnetic field in the wellbore during the production stage.

[0011] The modified nano-clay particles are montmorillonite, sepiolite or bentonite. After being modified by organic intercalation, they form a stable layered-spherical composite structure with nano-silica, enabling the nano-particle composite material to form a high-strength framework in the pores of coal rock to prevent pore collapse.

[0012] The bio-based solvent is a mixture of limonene and methyl soyate, and 1-5 vol% of ethanol or isopropanol is added as a co-solvent to keep the interfacial tension less than 25 mN / m under the coal seam water environment.

[0013] The wall material of the intelligent microspheres is poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), with a particle size distribution of 1-50 μm and an encapsulation efficiency ≥ 80%; the encapsulated core active substances include a complex of corrosion inhibitor, scale inhibitor and microbial nutrient components, and can be continuously released within 1-72 hours in the temperature range of 50-80 °C for coal rock reservoir construction.

[0014] The microbial flora includes: Thermotolerant methanogenic archaea (such as Methanobacterium, Methanosarcina); Facultative bacteria (such as Clostridium strains that produce organic acids); Aerobic or anaerobic auxiliary bacteria for adjusting acidity or synergistic metabolism; After being expanded in vitro or made into dormant spores on the ground, the microbial flora can secrete biosurfactants or produce a local acidification effect under the conditions of coal rock reservoir, so as to improve the wettability reversal of the coal rock surface and the desorption rate of adsorbed gas.

[0015] The preparation method of the coal rock reservoir productivity regulation aid includes the following steps: 1) Prepare an intelligent responsive surfactant: Perform solution or emulsion polymerization on the monomer mixture containing N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylate and functional monomers at 40-80 °C, and a phosphonic acid group can be introduced in the later stage of polymerization to achieve salt tolerance functional modification; 2) Prepare a nano-particle composite material: Prepare the dispersions of modified nano-clay, nano-silica and magnetic nano-particles respectively, mix them according to the set ratio, and then perform high-speed shearing or ultrasonic dispersion; 3) Prepare a bio-based solvent: Select terpene compounds or fatty acid esters according to the salinity of coal rock pore water and formation temperature, and add alcohol co-solvents as needed to obtain the target viscosity and solubility; 4) Prepare intelligent microspheres: Encapsulate scale inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors or microbial nutrient components in polylactic acid, PLGA or inorganic SiO by the emulsification-curing or sol-gel method 2Inside the shell layer, control the particle size and the degradation rate of the capsule wall; 5) Culturing or treating microbial flora: Ferment and expand the high-temperature resistant strain on the ground or prepare dry powder of dormant spores, and incorporate nutrients or protectants when necessary; 6) Component mixing: Mix the components obtained in steps 1) - 5) according to the target formula ratio to obtain an adjuvant for regulating the productivity of coal-rock reservoirs with multiple synergistic functions.

[0016] In step 1), during the polymerization process, 0.1 - 5% by mass of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide or other difunctional monomers are used for crosslinking to enhance the thermal stability and salt resistance of the intelligent responsive surfactant.

[0017] During the process of culturing the microbial flora on the ground, first domesticate it with a coal-rock simulated substrate or a culture medium containing coal-containing organic matter to make it adapt to the high-temperature, high-salt and weakly acidic environment of the coal-rock reservoir; and the microbial flora can be premixed with some intelligent microspheres or bio-based solvents to improve the survival rate and the efficiency of promoting production and increasing production in the reservoir environment.

[0018] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the synergy of the intelligent responsive surfactant and the bio-based solvent, it can still maintain a low interfacial tension and adjustable wettability in the high-temperature, high-salt and complex ion environment of the coal-rock reservoir. The intelligent responsive surfactant undergoes a hydrophilic-hydrophobic transformation under the stimulation of formation temperature, pH or ionic strength, and can adaptively improve the hydrophilic / lipophilic property of the coal-rock surface, break the interaction force between the adsorbed gas and the coal-rock surface, and promote the desorption and transport of the adsorbed gas to the wellbore. The nanoparticle composite material (such as Fe 3 O 4 coated with metal oxides or noble metals) provides additional catalytic oxidation / desorption channels in the pores; the metabolic gas production (methane, CO 2 etc.) and local acidification effect of the microbial flora can also form an endogenous pressure difference and pore modification. The duration of the biological activity effect is long, and in cooperation with chemical means, it can reduce subsequent repeated interventions and improve the continuous production of coalbed methane.

[0019] 2. After being dispersed by ultrasonic waves or high-speed shearing, modified nano-clay particles, nano-silica, and magnetic nano-particles or graphene, graphene oxide, or their functionalized derivatives can self-assemble into a stable nano-skeleton in the pores / micro-fractures of coal rock, preventing micropore collapse or clay swelling blockage in the reservoir during pressure drop, scouring, or production. Compared with traditional proppants, nano-particles can penetrate deeper into tiny fractures or pores, and enhance stability through surface modification, reducing particle aggregation or sedimentation. The magnetic nano-particles can be partially recovered using an external magnetic field or downhole magnetic separation during the production stage, reducing the amount of material used and the risk of formation residue; it also reduces the need for repeated addition of proppants, achieving resource recycling and conservation.

[0020] 3. Triggered by heat, pressure, pH, or sound waves, etc., intelligent microspheres can release active substances such as corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, microbial nutrient components, or bioenzymes in batches at different times after construction. This method avoids waste and side effects caused by excessive conventional one-time injection, and can also be directionally released according to the actual needs of the reservoir, improving overall economic efficiency and environmental protection safety. The corrosion inhibitor, scale inhibitor, and nutrient components coexist in the microspheres, encapsulating multiple active substances at once and releasing them along with the time gradient, extending the effective action period and reducing the need for frequent supplementary dosing.

[0021] 4. Select a composite microbial community of high-temperature methane-producing bacteria, facultative or aerobic bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, or organic acid-producing bacteria. After being domesticated on the ground, they can survive and metabolize continuously in coal rock, gradually changing the pore structure and local chemical environment, making the desorption of coal rock more complete. Methanogenic archaea can utilize some organic acids, carbon dioxide, etc. in the reservoir to produce methane, forming a new gas source; organic acid-producing bacteria produce a weak acid reaction on the surface of coal rock, further enhancing the desorption effect. By continuously injecting nutrient components on the ground or downhole and maintaining an appropriate pH, etc., the microbial community can form a certain micro-ecological balance in the reservoir, maintaining the stimulation efficiency for a long time and delaying gas production decline.

[0022] 5. Bio-based solvents (such as terpenes, fatty acid esters, phytol, etc.) replace traditional petroleum-based organic solvents. They have lower toxicity, better degradability, and renewable sources, which conform to the concept of green development. Environmentally friendly or recyclable components are selected for intelligent responsive surfactants, biodegradable microsphere wall materials, etc., reducing the long-term pollution risk to the formation and surface water bodies. Through the synergy of multiple mechanisms such as nano-framework support and microbial transformation, the effective period of reservoir stimulation can be significantly extended, and a high gas production rate can be maintained after construction, reducing the frequency of subsequent repeated fracturing, acidification, or chemical agent supplementation; under large-scale application, the comprehensive operation cost per well or per unit of production can be significantly reduced, improving the overall economic benefits. The present invention can be flexibly adapted according to different coal rock burial depths, temperatures, salinities, and geological structure differences by adjusting the types of surfactants, the types and ratios of nanoparticles, the combination of bio-based solvents, and the formula of microbial flora; it is applicable to a variety of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs and has great promotion value and market potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a composition diagram of the regulating aid of the present application; Figure 2 It is a preparation flow chart of the regulating aid of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The following describes three embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0025] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the following components and ratios are selected in this embodiment (based on 100 parts by total mass of the aid): A) Intelligent responsive surfactant: 25 wt.% It is composed of a copolymer containing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylate structural units, and a phosphonic acid group is introduced in the later stage of polymerization to endow it with salt tolerance and high-temperature response performance; B) Nanoparticle composite material: 10 wt.% Among them, the modified nano-clay: nano-silica = 1:1 (mass ratio), and magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) account for 10% of the total amount of the above clay-silica, and are modified with organosilane; C) Bio-based solvent: 15 wt.% Limonene and soybean oil methyl ester are selected and mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1, and 3% by volume of ethanol is added as a co-solvent to reduce the interfacial tension of the system in the coal seam water environment; D) Intelligent microspheres: 2 wt.% Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is used as the wall material of the microsphere, and the inner core is embedded with corrosion inhibitors and microbial nutrient components, and the particle size distribution of the microspheres is 5 - 30 μm; E) Microbial flora: 3 wt.% A composite microbial flora including heat-resistant methane-producing bacteria (Methanobacterium genus) and facultative bacteria is prepared into dry dormant spore powder after pre-domestication; F) The balance is formation water or deionized water, making up to 100 wt.%.

[0026] Preparation process In this example, the following steps are used to prepare the productivity regulation aid for coal-rock reservoirs: 1) Preparation of intelligent-responsive surfactant N-isopropylacrylamide, sodium acrylate and a small amount of functional monomers (introducing phosphonic acid groups) are combined in a molar ratio of 5:3:1, and then solution polymerization is carried out at 50 °C. Meanwhile, 0.3 wt.% of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide is added as a crosslinking agent to endow the polymer chains with higher thermal stability and salt tolerance; After polymerization, a polymer aqueous solution with moderate viscosity is obtained, which is reserved after vacuum degassing, 2) Preparation of nanoparticle composite material Organically intercalated modified montmorillonite (modified nano-clay) and nano-silica are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, and then Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles are added at 10% of the total amount of the mixture. The surfaces of the nanoparticles are pre-treated with silane coupling agents; It is dispersed for 30 minutes by high-speed shearing (rotation speed about 8000 rpm) and ultrasonically treated at 40 °C for 15 minutes to obtain a stable nanoparticle composite dispersion liquid, 3) Preparation of bio-based solvent Limonene and methyl soyate are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, and 3 vol.% of absolute ethanol is added to the mixed solvent; It is stirred at a low speed to mix well, and left standing at room temperature to remove trace bubbles, obtaining a bio-based solvent system, 4) Preparation of intelligent microspheres The emulsification-curing method is adopted: the required corrosion inhibitor (organic amines) and a small amount of microbial nutrient components (nitrogen source, phosphorus source, etc.) are dissolved in the aqueous phase, and are added dropwise to the PLGA-dichloromethane oil phase for emulsification; Microspheres with a dense surface and a particle size distribution of 5 - 30 μm are obtained through solvent volatilization and curing; the encapsulation efficiency is about 85%, and the core substances can be slowly released in an environment where the temperature > 50 °C or the pressure mutation > 5 MPa, 5) Cultivation or treatment of microbial flora Under ground conditions, the Methanobacterium genus bacteria and facultative bacteria are co-cultured with a coal-rock simulated nutrient medium (containing coal powder and trace elements); The bacteria are separated, cultured, and made to form dormant spore dry powder while retaining their activity, which can be triggered to recover during reservoir injection. 6) Component mixing The components obtained in the above steps 1) - 5) are sequentially added to a mixing tank in a predetermined ratio (A:B:C:D:E:remaining water = 25:10:15:2:3:45), and stirred evenly to obtain the final product of the coal reservoir productivity regulating aid.

[0027] Working principle Intelligent responsive surfactant (A), which can undergo a hydrophilic-hydrophobic chain segment conformational change at a temperature ≥ 50°C or under high salt conditions, reducing the interfacial tension and changing the wettability of the coal rock surface. Due to the introduction of phosphonic acid groups at the chain ends or side chains, it can still maintain good stability and activity in high salinity formation water. Nanoparticle composite material (B), after contacting the pores of the coal rock, self-assembles to form a "skeleton" in the pores or microfractures, playing a role in supporting, preventing collapse, and providing surface adsorption / catalytic sites. Magnetic nanoparticles can adsorb impurities such as iron ions and heavy metal ions; under certain conditions, they can also promote the catalytic desorption or partial oxidation of coal rock organic matter. Bio-based solvent (C), the mixed system of limonene and soybean oil methyl ester has a certain swelling and solubilization ability for the organic matter in the coal rock. At the same time, adding 3% ethanol can further improve its dispersion and wetting effect in the formation water environment; making the adsorbed gas more easily desorbed and flowing towards the wellbore. Intelligent microsphere (D), when the temperature is higher than 50°C or the reservoir pressure difference is large, the microsphere wall gradually degrades or ruptures, releasing the corrosion inhibitor and microbial nutrient components in the core. The corrosion inhibitor can protect the production equipment or pipelines, and the microbial nutrient components provide the nutrients required for the growth of the subsequent bacterial population, achieving directional controlled release. Microbial flora (E), after the high-temperature methane-producing bacteria and facultative bacteria recover in the reservoir, they use coal organic matter and nutrient sources for metabolism, producing methane or CO 2 Form a local pressure gradient; At the same time, secrete organic acids and biosurfactants, further changing the pore wettability and promoting the desorption of adsorbed gas. The synergy of the intelligent responsive surfactant and the bio-based solvent can rapidly reduce the surface tension and interfacial energy of the coal rock surface under different temperature and salinity conditions, promoting the desorption of adsorbed gas. The metabolic gas production and local acidification of the microbial flora can generate new pore channels or activate pore surfaces in the long term.

[0028] The nanoparticle composite forms a stable network within pores and fractures, preventing the collapse or deformation of the pore structure under high pressure and erosion conditions, and extending the effective period of reservoir stimulation.

[0029] The intelligent microspheres can controllably release core substances under thermal, pressure, pH, or acoustic wave stimulation, significantly reducing the over-injection and ineffective consumption of chemical agents, and protecting the wellbore and formation environment.

[0030] By introducing phosphonic acid groups on the polymer side chains / end groups and adding crosslinking monomers during the polymerization process, the intelligent responsive surfactant described in this example still maintains excellent stability and interfacial activity in formation water environments at 70 - 90 °C and with a salinity > 100,000 mg / L.

[0031] The bio-based solvent is derived from renewable resources, and the microbial enhanced oil recovery technology is relatively environmentally friendly; nanoparticles (especially magnetic nanoparticles) can be recovered and reused on the ground to a certain extent, reducing material loss and environmental burden; The efficient synergistic enhanced oil recovery mechanism can increase the coalbed methane production and reduce the need for subsequent repeated fracturing operations, thus having good economic feasibility.

[0032] Through the above Example 1, the coal reservoir productivity regulating additive of the present invention realizes the comprehensive transformation and productivity improvement of the coal reservoir under the combined action of the multi-responsive surfactant, nanoparticle composite, bio-based solvent, intelligent microspheres, and microbial flora. This example verifies the effectiveness of the technical solution of the present invention in high-temperature and high-salinity environments, providing a reliable experimental and theoretical basis for subsequent promotion and application in different coal reservoirs.

[0033] Example 2 As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the coal reservoir productivity regulating additive of this example is proportioned by the following components according to the total mass of the additive (counting 100 parts in total): A) Intelligent responsive surfactant: 20 wt.% Similar to Example 1, a copolymer containing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylate structural units is selected, and phosphonic acid groups are introduced in the later stage of polymerization; During polymerization, 0.5 mass% of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide is also used for crosslinking to further enhance its high-temperature and high-salt resistance, B) Nanoparticle composite: 15 wt.% Scheme 1: Modified nano-clay particles and graphene oxide are selected for mixed use, where: The mass ratio of modified nano-clay to graphene oxide is about 3:2; If the magnetic recovery function needs to be maintained, 5% Fe is loaded on the surface of graphene oxide by the sol-gel method3 O 4 nanoparticles; Before high-speed shearing, add about 1 wt.% of alkyl silane coupling agent to the mixed system to improve the dispersion stability in high-salt environment Scheme 2: The mass ratio of modified nanoclay to nano-silica is 1:2, and the magnetic nanoparticles are Fe 3 O 4 , accounting for about 15% of the total mass of the clay-silica mixture; The surface of the magnetic nanoparticles is coated with about 3% by mass of metal oxide (TiO 2 ), and a small amount of noble metal Pt (platinum) particles (0.5% by mass) to meet the requirements for enhancing catalytic desorption or oxidative decomposition; C) Bio-based solvent: 10 wt.% Select soybean oil methyl ester and terpineol mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, which can maintain good solubilization and wetting modification in coal-rock pore water; Another about 5 vol.% of isopropanol co-solvent is added to further reduce the surface tension; D) Smart microspheres: 4 wt.% The wall material of the microspheres is selected as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to meet the particle size range requirements of 1-50 μm; The core active substance is a composite formula of "corrosion inhibitor + scale inhibitor + microbial nutrient components", and the encapsulation efficiency is ≥80%; It can be continuously released within 1-72 hours under the formation temperature of 50-80 °C and the pressure fluctuation ≥5 MPa, E) Microbial flora: 2 wt.% Select a composite flora composed of high-temperature-tolerant facultative bacteria and organic acid-producing bacteria, and make it into dry powder after domestication with coal powder-nutrient solution, The rest is formation water or deionized water, supplemented to 100 wt.%.

[0034] Preparation process This example is similar to Example 1 in the preparation process, and the differences are as follows: 1) Prepare a smart-responsive surfactant First, mix NIPAM, sodium acrylate and functional monomers according to the set ratio, and carry out solution polymerization at 40-60 °C; Add phosphonic acid-based monomers in the later stage of polymerization to improve the salt tolerance; add 0.5% by mass of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide during the polymerization process for crosslinking to obtain a polymer solution with high molecular weight and stability, 2) Prepare the nanoparticle composite material Corresponding to Scheme 1: Weigh and mix the modified nanoclay (montmorillonite) powder and graphene oxide powder in a mass ratio of 3:2; Disperse a small amount (5% relative to the mass of graphene oxide) of Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles in a water-ethanol system in advance, add a small molecule chelating agent dropwise and ultrasonicate for 10 minutes; Mix the above Fe 3 O 4 dispersion with the clay-graphene oxide mixed powder in a stirrer, and at the same time add about 1 wt.% of an alkylsilane coupling agent (such as KH570 or KH560) dropwise to further modify the GO sheets; Control the rotation speed at 6000 rpm and perform high-speed shearing for 20 minutes, and then ultrasonically disperse at 40 °C for 10 minutes to obtain a stable dispersion of the nanoparticle composite; It is used for subsequent synthesis of the coal reservoir productivity adjustment aid of this example with other components (A, C, D, E) in corresponding proportions Corresponding to Scheme 2: Mix modified montmorillonite (nano-clay) and nano-silica in a mass ratio of 1:2, and after high-speed stirring, add Fe 2 coated with metal oxide (TiO 3 O 4 ) and platinum (Pt) particles Perform ultrasonic dispersion at 40 °C for 15 minutes to uniformly disperse the nanoparticles; the obtained stable dispersion has strong support and catalytic oxidation / desorption effects, 3) Prepare a bio-based solvent Mix soybean oil methyl ester and terpineol in a ratio of 2:1, and add 5% by volume of isopropanol; Stir at room temperature for 30 minutes, let it stand to exhaust air bubbles, and finally obtain a uniform and transparent bio-based solvent system, 4) Prepare intelligent microspheres Use PLGA as the wall material, and through an emulsification-solidification process, dissolve a corrosion inhibitor (such as amines), a scale inhibitor (such as organic phosphates), and a microbial nutrient component (nitrogen source, phosphorus source, and trace elements, etc.) in the aqueous phase; Drop the aqueous phase into the PLGA oil phase (ethyl acetate or dichloromethane) for high-speed emulsification, and then evaporate the solvent under reduced pressure to form microspheres with a particle size of 1-50 μm; the encapsulation efficiency can reach 80-85%, 5) Microbial flora cultivation or treatment Select facultative bacteria and organic acid-producing bacteria that can survive at 50-70 °C for fermentation and expansion culture, collect the bacterial cells and make them into a dry powder; Before dosing, it can also be mixed and tested with microbial nutrient components to ensure its adaptation to the formation water environment, 6) Component mixing Gradually add the components obtained in the above steps 1) to 5) into the mixing tank according to the ratio of A:B:C:D:E:the remaining water = 20:15:10:4:2:49. After slowly stirring evenly, the coal-rock reservoir productivity adjustment aid described in this embodiment is obtained.

[0035] Working principle Compared with Example 1, this embodiment focuses on improvements in the nanoparticle composite material and intelligent microspheres, forming the following working principle: Noble metal / metal oxide coating of the nanoparticle composite material Fe 3 O 4 After TiO is loaded on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles 2 and a small amount of Pt particles, it can provide stronger catalytic activity at high temperatures, and has a certain effect of oxidizing and decomposing or promoting the release of organic components or difficult-to-desorb components in coal-rock; These magnetic nanoparticles can also be partially recovered through an external magnetic field in the wellbore, reducing material loss and permanent residue in the formation.

[0036] Composite active core of intelligent microspheres By controlling the particle size of PLGA to be 1 - 50 μm, and encapsulating the "corrosion inhibitor + scale inhibitor + microbial nutrient component" three-in-one core, it can be gradually released within 1 - 72 hours under the action of reservoir temperature (50 - 80 °C) and pressure gradient; Due to the combined action of graphene oxide sheets and nanoclay sheets, a multi-layer stacked two-dimensional framework can be formed in the pores of coal-rock, enhancing the pressure-bearing and anti-collapse capabilities; The microspheres release corrosion inhibitors and scale inhibitors in the initial stage to protect the formation and pipe string, and release nutrient components for the use of the bacterial community in the follow-up, ensuring that microorganisms can grow fully and exert the enhanced oil recovery effect deep in the reservoir.

[0037] Different from Example 1 which uses a combination of methane-producing bacteria and facultative bacteria, this embodiment focuses more on the selection of organic acid-producing bacteria. On the one hand, organic acids can assist in modifying the pore surface and improving the desorption efficiency. On the other hand, they can cooperate with facultative bacteria to further optimize the reservoir microenvironment; Under the conditions of continuous release of nutrients by the microspheres and a reservoir temperature of 50 - 70 °C, this bacterial community can maintain a certain activity period and gradually improve the permeability of coal-rock.

[0038] Adding metal oxides (TiO 2 ) and noble metal Pt to the nanoparticle composite material significantly enhances the catalytic cracking or oxidative decomposition of coal-rock organic matter and reduces the adsorption energy on the coal-rock surface; The addition of organic acid-producing bacterial communities can acidify coal pores locally, further changing the pore structure and pore water chemical environment, and accelerating the desorption of adsorbed gas.

[0039] While the magnetic nanoparticles support fractures and form a framework in the pores, they can be recovered using an external magnetic field, reducing potential formation plugging or environmental impacts caused by excessive retention of nanomaterials; It has economic and environmental advantages compared with traditional non-recoverable proppants.

[0040] The composite corrosion inhibitor, scale inhibitor and microbial nutrient components can simultaneously play the functions of protecting the wellbore and promoting the growth of the bacterial community during the entire construction and initial production stage; The process of the microspheres breaking the capsule when heated or pressurized can be carried out in stages, avoiding waste or side effects caused by injecting too much chemical agent at one time.

[0041] By introducing phosphonic acid groups on the main chain or side chain of the polymer and using crosslinking monomers, etc., the prepared intelligent responsive surfactant can still effectively reduce the interfacial tension and regulate the wettability under high-temperature and high-salt environments (salinity > 100,000 mg / L, temperature up to 80 °C); The bio-based solvent and microsphere design further ensure the chemical and physical stability of the overall additives in extreme reservoir environments.

[0042] Under the multiple synergistic effects, it can quickly open the adsorption gas release channel of coal and rock and provide a continuous microbial transformation and catalytic desorption effect; To a certain extent, it prolongs the post-fracturing effect, reduces the frequency of secondary stimulation measures, and has good economic feasibility.

[0043] Through the technical solution of Example 2, on the basis of maintaining the core idea of Example 1 (multi-functional synergistic transformation), metal oxide / noble metal-coated magnetic nanoparticles and three-in-one core intelligent microspheres are introduced, forming a more efficient catalytic desorption and long-term production promotion method, thereby further proving that the present invention has wide application value in dealing with different coal and rock geological environments, improving gas production efficiency, and controlling costs and environmental risks.

[0044] Example 3 Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the formulation design of the coal and rock reservoir productivity regulating additive in this example is as follows (based on a total mass of 100 parts): A) Intelligent responsive surfactant: 15 wt.% A copolymer containing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and sodium methacrylate is selected, and a phosphoric acid group is introduced in the later stage of polymerization to enhance the salt and high-temperature stability; B) Nanoparticle composite material: 12 wt.% Montmorillonite is selected as the modified nanoclay and modified by quaternary ammonium salt organic intercalation; the nano-silica is spherical SiO 2Particles; mass ratio of the two is 1:1.5; Magnetic nanoparticles are selected as Fe 3 O 4 , accounting for about 10% of the total mass of the clay-silica mixture, and modified by a small molecule chelating agent; When prepared, this combination forms a stable layered-spherical composite structure, which can build a high-strength framework in the pores to further prevent the collapse of coal-rock pores. C) Bio-based solvent: 18 wt.% Limonene and phytol (such as terpene alcohol extracted by ethanol) are selected and mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, and 3 vol% of propylene glycol methyl ether (DPGME) is added as a co-solvent to further improve the solubilization and wetting modification effects; D) Smart microspheres: 3 wt.% The wall material of the microspheres is an inorganic silica shell layer (prepared by sol-gel), and the inner core is embedded with bioenzymes, corrosion inhibitors and a small amount of microbial nutrient components; When the temperature of the microspheres is ≥55°C or the pH < 5, local dissolution of the silica shell occurs, releasing the active substances in the inner core; E) Microbial flora: 2.5 wt.% Thermophilic methanogenic archaea (genus Methanobacterium, genus Methanosarcina), facultative bacteria (such as Clostridium strains that produce organic acids) and aerobic auxiliary bacteria are selected to form a composite flora; After domestication and cultivation with a coal-rock simulated matrix, it is made into dormant spore powder to adapt to high temperature, high salt and weakly acidic environments. The rest is formation water or deionized water, making up to 100 wt.%.

[0045] Preparation process This example is roughly similar to Examples 1 and 2, and the main differences and key points are as follows: 1) Preparation of smart-responsive surfactants NIPAM, sodium methacrylate and a small amount of functional monomers are subjected to emulsion polymerization at 50 - 70°C, and a copolymer monomer containing a phosphoric acid group functional group is added dropwise in the later stage of polymerization to endow high salt / high temperature tolerance; Keep the stirring speed at about 300 rpm; after the degree of polymerization reaches the expectation, remove the residual monomers to obtain a polymer solution with a viscosity in the range of 300 - 500 mPa·s (measured at 25°C).

[0046] 2) Preparation of nanoparticle composites First, prepare modified montmorillonite: use quaternary ammonium salt to conduct organic intercalation treatment on montmorillonite to make it have certain hydrophobicity / lipophilicity; After mixing with nano-silica in a mass ratio of 1:1.5, Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles modified with a small molecule chelating agent are added to the mixture, and the magnetic particles account for about 10% of the total mass of clay-silicon; At 40 °C, it is subjected to high-speed shearing for 10 minutes and ultrasonic dispersion for 20 minutes to form a stable "lamellar-spherical" composite dispersion, which helps to construct a high-strength support framework in the pores of coal rock.

[0047] 3) Preparation of bio-based solvent Mix limonene and terpene plant alcohol in a ratio of 2:1 and stir at room temperature for 20 minutes; then add about 3% by volume of propylene glycol methyl ether (DPGME) to enhance stability; Finally, stir at low speed for 10 minutes and let it stand to remove air bubbles to obtain a transparent bio-based solvent with moderate viscosity.

[0048] 4) Preparation of intelligent microspheres Using the sol-gel method: Hydrolyze and condense silicon sources such as TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) in a water-alcohol mixed solution, and at the same time add the required bio-enzymes (such as cellulase), corrosion inhibitors (organic amines) and microbial nutrient components (trace elements, etc.), and perform spray or phase separation curing when forming a colloidal solution; After drying, SiO 2 shell microspheres with a particle size of about 2-20 μm are obtained, and the encapsulation efficiency is >80%; The silicon shell gradually dissolves at a reservoir temperature ≥55 °C and pH < 5, releasing the core substance.

[0049] 5) Cultivation or treatment of microbial flora Mix Methanobacterium, Methanosarcina, Clostridium strains producing organic acids and a small amount of aerobic auxiliary bacteria, and carry out combined domestication and cultivation in a simulated coal rock matrix: The coal rock matrix contains coal powder, humic acid and mineral salts, the pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.0, and the temperature is 50-60 °C; After multiple generations of subculture, observe the colony growth and the efficiency of methane production or organic acid production; When the flora is stable, collect the bacteria to make dormant spore powder, and it can be mixed with a small amount of microbial protectant (such as trehalose) to improve the survival rate in the reservoir later, 6) Component mixing According to the ratio of A:B:C:D:E:the remaining water = 15:12:18:3:2.5:49.5, add the above-obtained components to the stirring tank in turn; Maintain stirring for about 30 minutes to finally obtain a coal rock reservoir productivity regulating aid with multiple synergistic functions.

[0050] Working principle Comparing Example 1 and Example 2, this example has new features or improvements in the following aspects: 1. Layered-spherical nano-clay-silica composite structure After the organically intercalated montmorillonite is mixed with spherical SiO 2 After mixing, a tightly composite structure of partially exfoliated layered structure and spherical structure is formed through mechanical force and ultrasonic dispersion; In the microfractures and pores of coal rock, it can self-assemble into a high-strength "network", effectively supporting mineral particles and preventing collapse, while having excellent pore connectivity performance.

[0051] 2. Multiple metabolic synergy of composite microbial communities Methanogenic archaea (Methanobacterium, Methanosarcina) and organic acid-producing bacteria (Clostridium) will form a complementary relationship in the initial stage: organic acids can acidify the surface of coal rock in local areas and assist in dissolving minerals or organic matter; methanogens use some organic acids or H 2 and other metabolic substrates to produce methane; Aerobic or anaerobic auxiliary bacteria can regulate acidity and consume excess by-products in different pore sections, forming a relatively stable microecosystem; After being domesticated by the coal rock simulation matrix, the microbial community has adapted to the high-temperature, high-salt and weakly acidic environment of the reservoir, and can rapidly reproduce and play a role in promoting production and increasing production after being put into the well.

[0052] 3. The intelligent microspheres use SiO 2 as the carrier of the shell layer Different from the PLGA organic polymer in Example 2, this example uses an inorganic silica sol-gel shell, which has the advantages of higher temperature resistance and chemical corrosion resistance; When the formation temperature rises above 55°C or the pH drops below 5, partial dissolution of the shell layer occurs, gradually releasing the bioenzymes, corrosion inhibitors and microbial nutrient components in the core, which can not only protect the wellbore equipment in the acidification environment, but also provide continuous nutrition for the growth of the microbial community.

[0053] 4. Terpenoids + phytol + propylene glycol methyl ether bio-based solvent This example expands the types of bio-based solvents used, uses a multi-component mixture of limonene, terpenoid alcohols, etc., and introduces propylene glycol methyl ether as a co-solvent; This combination enables the maintenance of low interfacial tension even in the high-salinity environment of coal rock, improving the swelling and desorption effects of slime-forming coal quality.

[0054] Montmorillonite treated by organic intercalation and spherical SiO 2The formed layered-spherical structure effectively avoids the problems of easy collapse or accumulation of single spherical or single-layered proppants; The retention rate of pore channels is significantly improved, and the permeability of the coal-rock pore network and the effective transformation area are increased.

[0055] At the same time, methanogenic archaea and organic acid-producing bacteria are introduced, and aerobic / anaerobic auxiliary bacteria are coordinated to achieve a more comprehensive biological enhanced recovery approach: it can not only locally acidify coal-rock, but also promote the release of adsorbed gas by forming a pressure difference through methane production; The ground domestication and cultivation of the coal-rock simulated matrix ensure that the bacterial community can quickly adapt to the environment underground, maintain high-efficiency metabolism for a long time, and reduce the interference of external inhibitory factors.

[0056] For high-temperature or weakly acidic reservoir environments, SiO 2 The shell layer has better stability and controlled-release characteristics, which can ensure the gradual release of corrosion inhibitors, bioenzymes and nutrient components during construction and production, and it is not easy to have problems of excessive one-time release or too fast failure; This characteristic can also cooperate with the acidification effect produced by microorganisms. While forming an acidification channel, it slowly releases nutrient components to maintain the long-term activity of the bacterial community.

[0057] By introducing phosphate groups in the late stage of the polymerization of the intelligent responsive surfactant, and multiple improvements in modified montmorillonite and microsphere shell materials, etc., the additives in this embodiment can still maintain effective interfacial regulation, support and microbial enhanced recovery functions in coal-rock reservoirs with a temperature up to 80 °C and a salinity > 100,000 mg / L.

[0058] Use high-performance bio-based solvents to replace some traditional petroleum-based chemicals, and reduce repeated injection agents or large-scale acidification operations through the synergy of nanoparticle composite skeletons and intelligent microspheres; After the large-scale reproduction of the microbial community, it can maintain the reservoir transformation effect for a long time, reduce well intervention, and is expected to reduce the overall development cost during large-scale promotion, while reducing the potential pollution to the environment.

[0059] In summary, based on the first two examples, Example 3 focuses on strengthening the layered-spherical composite structure support framework formed by modified nano-clay and nano-silica, introducing a multi-strain composite bacterial community for in-depth domestication in the coal-rock simulated matrix, and using inorganic SiO 2 Shell microspheres achieve precise release in high-temperature weak acid environments. This solution shows the potential to further improve the permeability and desorption efficiency of coal-rock reservoirs, providing a more flexible, efficient and sustainable technical option for coalbed methane development under different geological conditions.

[0060] Combined with the current actual requirements, the above-mentioned implementation manner adopted in this application, the protection scope is not limited thereto. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes made without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Coal rock reservoir production capacity regulating additive, characterized by: It includes the following components (based on the total weight of the additives): A) 5-40 wt.% of smart responsive surfactant: composed of a polymer having multiple stimulus responsive properties of temperature, pH and / or ionic strength, the polymer being selected from one or a combination of the following: 1) Copolymers containing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) structural units; 2) Polyelectrolytes containing acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or their salts; 3) Modified polymers containing maleic anhydride, phosphoric acid or phosphonic acid groups; And optionally introducing a long-chain alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group or a coordination group into the side chain or the end group of the polymer to enhance its salt resistance and interface control ability; B) Nanoparticle composite material 1-20wt.%: composed of one or more of the following materials, which may partially or completely replace each other or be mixed with each other: modified nanoclay particles, nanosilica particles, magnetic nanoparticles, and graphene, graphene oxide or its alkyl coupling agent functionalized derivatives; wherein: 1) If modified nanoclay particles and nanosilica particles are used, the mass ratio is 1:(0.2-3); 2) If magnetic nanoparticles are used, they are selected from Fe3O4 or γ-Fe2O3 and account for 1 to 30% of the total mass of the above non-magnetic components (clay, SiO2, graphene / graphene oxide); 3) After the surface of the above-mentioned nanomaterials is modified by organic silane, small molecule chelating agent or alkyl coupling agent, they are dispersed by ultrasound or high-speed shearing to form a stable dispersion that can build a supporting skeleton in the pores of coal and rock, prevent collapse, and provide adsorption or catalysis; C) 2-30 wt.% of bio-based solvent: selected from plant extracts, terpenoids, fatty acid esters or mixtures thereof, such as limonene, terpineol, soybean oil methyl ester or plant alcohol, and may contain 1-10 vol.% of alcohol co-solvent to improve solubility and wettability in coal rock pore water; D) Smart microspheres 0.1-10wt.%: the capsule wall material is a degradable organic polymer or an inorganic shell layer, and the encapsulated core active substance is selected from one or more of a scale inhibitor, a corrosion inhibitor, a biological enzyme, a microbial nutrient component or a microbial metabolite; the microspheres are broken or degraded when the temperature is ≥50°C, the pH is <5 or >9, the acoustic vibration or the pressure difference is ≥5 MPa, thereby releasing the core active substance in a directional manner; E) Microbial flora 0.01-5wt.%: a composite flora selected from thermostable methane-producing bacteria, facultative or aerobic bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria or organic acid-producing bacteria; the flora can produce gas through metabolism under coal reservoir conditions, secrete biosurfactants or organic acids, change pore structure, wettability or local pressure gradient, thereby promoting desorption of adsorbed gas and improving the permeability of coal reservoirs.

2. The coal rock reservoir productivity regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent responsive surfactant is a copolymer containing N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and sodium acrylate structural units, and enhanced salt resistance and high temperature resistance are obtained by introducing phosphoric acid groups or phosphonic acid groups in the later stage of polymerization.

3. The coal rock reservoir production capacity regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the magnetic nanoparticles in the nanoparticle composite material is further coated with a small amount of metal oxide or precious metal particles to enhance the catalytic desorption or oxidative decomposition of coal rock organic matter; the magnetic nanoparticles can be partially recovered and reused during the production stage using an external magnetic field in the wellbore.

4. The coal rock reservoir production capacity regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified nano-clay particles are montmorillonite, sepiolite or bentonite, which form a stable layered-spherical composite structure with nano-silicon dioxide after organic intercalation modification, so that the nano-particle composite material can form a high-strength skeleton in the pores of coal and rock to prevent pore collapse.

5. The coal rock reservoir productivity regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bio-based solvent is a mixture of limonene and soybean oil methyl ester, and 1-5 volume % of ethanol or isopropanol is added thereto as a co-solvent to maintain an interfacial tension of less than 25 mN / m in a coal seam water environment.

6. The coal reservoir productivity regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule wall material of the smart microsphere is polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), the particle size distribution of which is 1 to 50 μm, and the encapsulation rate is ≥80%; the encapsulated core active substance includes a complex of corrosion inhibitor, scale inhibitor and microbial nutrient components, and can be continuously released within 1 to 72 hours within the coal rock reservoir construction temperature range of 50 to 80°C.

7. The coal reservoir productivity regulating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial flora includes: Thermotolerant methanogenic archaea (e.g. Methanobacterium, Methanosarcina); Facultative bacteria (such as Clostridium strains that produce organic acids); Aerobic or anaerobic helper bacteria for acidity regulation or co-metabolism; After being expanded on the ground or made into dormant spores, the microbial flora can secrete biological surfactants or produce local acidification effects under coal rock reservoir conditions to increase the wetting reversal of the coal rock surface and the desorption rate of adsorbed gas.

8. The method for preparing the coal rock reservoir productivity regulating additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Preparation of smart responsive surfactants: A monomer mixture including N-isopropylacrylamide, acrylate and functional monomer is subjected to solution or emulsion polymerization at 40-80° C., and a phosphonic acid group can be introduced in the later stage of polymerization to achieve salt-resistant functional modification; 2) Preparation of nanoparticle composite materials: The modified nano-clay, nano-silicon dioxide and magnetic nano-particle dispersions are prepared respectively, mixed according to a set ratio and then dispersed by high-speed shearing or ultrasonication; 3) Preparation of bio-based solvents: Terpenoid compounds or fatty acid esters are selected according to the salinity of coal rock pore water and formation temperature, and alcohol co-solvents are added as required to obtain target viscosity and solubility; 4) Preparation of smart microspheres: The scale inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor or microbial nutrient component is encapsulated in the polylactic acid, PLGA or inorganic SiO2 shell by emulsification-solidification or sol-gel method to control the particle size and capsule wall degradation rate; 5) Microbial flora culture or treatment: Ferment and expand the high-temperature resistant strain on the ground or prepare dormant spore dry powder, and add nutrients or protective agents when necessary; 6) Component mixing: The components obtained in steps 1) to 5) are mixed according to the target formula ratio to obtain a coal rock reservoir production capacity regulating additive having the multiple synergistic functions.

9. The method for preparing the coal rock reservoir capacity regulating auxiliary agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the polymerization process in step 1), 0.1 to 5 mass % of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide or other difunctional monomers are used for cross-linking to enhance the thermal stability and salt resistance of the smart responsive surfactant.

10. The method for preparing the coal rock reservoir capacity regulating additive according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the ground cultivation process, the microbial flora is first domesticated with a coal rock simulation matrix or a culture medium containing coal organic matter to adapt it to the high temperature, high salt and weakly acidic environment of the coal rock reservoir; and the flora can be mixed with some smart microspheres or bio-based solvents in advance to improve the survival rate and production-promoting efficiency in the reservoir environment.

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