Residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of switch technology, in particular to a residual current action photovoltaic protection switch, which comprises a shell, a fixed contact system, an operating mechanism I, an operating mechanism II, an arc extinguishing system and an electronic monitoring unit, and is characterized in that the fixed contact system, the operating mechanism I, the operating mechanism II, the arc extinguishing system and the electronic monitoring unit are arranged in the shell; a permanent magnet is arranged in the side wall of an arc extinguish chamber of the arc extinguish system, a second electromagnetic coil is arranged on the bottom wall of the arc extinguish chamber of the arc extinguish system, and a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is perpendicular to a magnetic field generated by the second electromagnetic coil. A magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and a magnetic field generated by the second electromagnetic coil are overlapped, so that the arc is lengthened under the acting force of the magnetic field, an arc channel is arranged on the arc chute in a matched mode, a spiral groove is formed in the arc channel, the arc moves along the spiral groove, and the motion path of the arc is lengthened until the arc disappears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of switches, specifically a residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch. Background Art

[0002] The residual current operated protection switch can quickly cut off the faulty power supply within an extremely short time to protect the safety of personnel and electrical equipment. The current operated protection switch is applicable to circuits with alternating current of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, rated voltage of single-pole two-wire, two-pole 230 V, three-pole four-wire, and four-pole 400 V, and rated current up to 60 A. When a person gets an electric shock or the leakage current of the power grid exceeds the specified value, the residual current operated protection switch can quickly cut off the faulty power supply within an extremely short time to protect the safety of personnel and electrical equipment.

[0003] The problems existing in the current residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch are as follows: traditional circuit breakers are difficult to reliably interrupt DC arcs and lack accurate detection of residual current (such as PID effect leakage and arc faults). In the prior art, single magnetic field arc extinguishing or mechanical arc extinguishing grids have low efficiency and serious contact ablation, and cannot meet the long-life requirements of photovoltaic systems. For example, Patent CN202210538080.0 uses a conventional mechanical arc extinguishing grid.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One technical problem to be solved by the present application is that traditional circuit breakers are difficult to reliably interrupt DC arcs and lack accurate detection of residual current (such as PID effect leakage and arc faults). In the prior art, single magnetic field arc extinguishing or mechanical arc extinguishing grids have low efficiency and serious contact ablation, and cannot meet the long-life requirements of photovoltaic systems.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch, including a housing, a fixed contact system, operating mechanism I, operating mechanism II, an arc extinguishing system, and an electronic monitoring unit; the fixed contact system, operating mechanism I, operating mechanism II, arc extinguishing system, and electronic monitoring unit are all arranged inside the housing;

[0007] The fixed contact system is arranged in the middle of the housing near the upper wall of the housing;

[0008] Operating mechanism I and operating mechanism II are arranged in the middle and slightly to the left inside the housing;

[0009] The arc extinguishing system is arranged in the middle and near the right side inside the housing. A permanent magnet is arranged in the side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber of the arc extinguishing system, and an electromagnetic coil II is arranged on the bottom wall of the arc extinguishing chamber of the arc extinguishing system. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is perpendicular to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil II;

[0010] The electronic monitoring unit is arranged at the bottom inside the housing, and an iron sheet of the operating mechanism II is arranged between the current detection unit and the temperature detection unit of the electronic monitoring unit.

[0011] In some embodiments, an inlet is arranged in the middle of the top of the housing, and the number of inlets is three;

[0012] A display screen is arranged on the front of the housing. The position of the display screen is near the upper right corner of the front of the housing. A plurality of buttons are arranged directly below the display screen, and the buttons are located in the middle and on the right half of the front of the housing;

[0013] A dial block of the operating mechanism II is arranged in the middle and on the left half of the front of the housing. A protective cover is arranged on the upper surface of the dial block, and the dial block is located on the left side of the display screen and the buttons;

[0014] An outlet is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the housing, and the number of outlets is three. The positions of the outlets and the inlets are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the short side of the housing, and the aperture sizes of the outlets and the inlets are the same.

[0015] In some embodiments, the operating mechanism I includes a moving contact, an electromagnetic coil I, a protective sheet, and a contact rod;

[0016] The moving contact is arranged at the right end of the contact rod, the electromagnetic coil I is arranged at the lower end of the contact rod, the protective sheet is arranged at the left ends of the contact rod and the electromagnetic coil I, the top end of the protective sheet is connected to the contact rod, and the bottom end of the protective sheet is connected to the bottom end of the electromagnetic coil I;

[0017] A connection hole is arranged at the left end of the protective sheet.

[0018] In some embodiments, the operating mechanism II includes a spring, a safety pin, a connection block, an iron sheet, and a dial block;

[0019] The left end of the spring is fixedly connected to the front protrusion of the connection block, and the right end of the spring is fixedly connected to the connection hole arranged at the left end of the protective sheet;

[0020] The left end of the safety pin passes through the through hole arranged on the dial block and is connected to the dial block, and the right end of the safety pin is clamped at the front protrusion of the connection block;

[0021] The iron sheet is located below the connection block, and the front end of the iron sheet is close to the protrusion at the lower end of the connection block.

[0022] In some embodiments, the side walls and the bottom wall of the two arc extinguishing chambers of the arc extinguishing system form an arc extinguishing chamber;

[0023] A magnetic isolation material is arranged on the periphery of the side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber to isolate the influence of the external magnetic field;

[0024] An arc extinguishing grid is arranged inside the arc extinguishing chamber. The arc extinguishing grid is arranged along the width direction of the arc extinguishing chamber. The arrangement of the arc extinguishing grid is such that the length of the arc extinguishing grid near the side walls of the two sides of the arc extinguishing chamber is short, and the length of the arc extinguishing grid near the middle of the arc extinguishing chamber is long. The length arrangement of the arc extinguishing grid is approximately in a normal distribution;

[0025] There are intervals between the arc extinguishing grids. Three arc channels are arranged on the front of the arc extinguishing grid. The aperture diameter of the arc channel is smaller than the interval between the arc extinguishing grids;

[0026] A spiral groove is arranged on the surface of the arc channel. The groove diameter of the spiral groove is smaller than the aperture diameter of the arc channel. The spiral groove forms a 45-degree angle with the direction of the arc channel;

[0027] The permanent magnets arranged in the side walls of the arc extinguishing chamber are symmetrical about the arc extinguishing chamber. The magnetic fields generated by the two permanent magnets are perpendicular to the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid;

[0028] The winding direction of the electromagnetic coil two is parallel to the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid;

[0029] The arc generated by the disconnection of the fixed contact system and the operating mechanism one moves along the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid. The interval between the arc extinguishing grids decomposes the arc. The arc channel arranged in the middle of the arc extinguishing grid further decomposes the arc. The permanent magnet arranged in the side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the arc movement direction. The magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil two arranged on the bottom wall of the arc extinguishing chamber is parallel to the magnetic field of the arc movement. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet perpendicular to the arc movement direction and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil two parallel to the arc movement direction are superimposed and synthesized into a direction forming a 45-degree angle along the arc movement direction. The arc moves along the trajectory of the 45-degree angle fitting the spiral groove. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet perpendicular to the arc movement direction and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil two parallel to the arc movement direction will generate a force to stretch the arc, so that the arc is stretched and moves along the trajectory of the spiral groove until it completely dissipates.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electronic monitoring unit includes a current detection unit, a temperature detection unit, and a voltage detection unit;

[0031] The voltage detection unit is arranged behind the temperature detection unit;

[0032] The current detection unit is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit, and the temperature detection unit is electrically connected to the voltage detection unit;

[0033] The electronic monitoring unit is electrically connected to the operating mechanism one and the operating mechanism two.

[0034] In some embodiments, the current detection unit detects the current in the circuit. After signal processing, it calculates the vector sum of the AC and DC residual currents in real time, determines whether it exceeds the preset threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, it triggers the cooperation of the operating mechanism one and the operating mechanism two to disconnect the circuit;

[0035] When the detected residual current exceeds the threshold value, the static contact and the moving contact come into contact, and the electronic monitoring unit energizes the electromagnetic coil 1 of the electric operating mechanism 1, causing the electromagnetic coil 1 to generate magnetism, and then stretching the spring to the right. The spring pulls the top protrusion of the connecting block to rotate clockwise along the central axis of the connecting block. The top protrusion of the connecting block drives the safety pin to move to the right, and the left end of the safety pin drives the dial block to rotate counterclockwise. The protrusion at the left end of the dial block moves from the upper left to the lower left, separating the moving contact from the static contact, and disconnecting the entire circuit.

[0036] In some embodiments, when the electronic monitoring unit detects that the circuit is overloaded or the temperature detection unit detects that the device temperature is too high or the voltage detection unit detects that the voltage exceeds the threshold value, at this time, the static contact and the moving contact come into contact, and the electronic monitoring unit will drive the top of the iron sheet to move upward. The top of the iron sheet touches the protrusion at the bottom of the connecting block, and the connecting block makes a clockwise movement under the touch of the top of the iron sheet. The spring is compressed to the right, the right end of the safety pin moves clockwise along with the protrusion at the left end of the connecting block, the left end of the safety pin drives the dial block to make a counterclockwise movement, the protrusion at the left end of the dial block moves from the upper left to the lower left, separating the moving contact from the static contact, and disconnecting the entire circuit.

[0037] In some embodiments, the electronic monitoring unit is electrically connected to the display screen.

[0038] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. By arranging a permanent magnet on the side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber and an electromagnetic coil 2 on the bottom wall of the arc extinguishing chamber, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is perpendicular to the arc movement direction, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 is parallel to the arc movement direction. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 are superimposed, causing the arc to be stretched by the magnetic field force, increasing the movement speed of the arc, and being decomposed and disappearing in the arc extinguishing grid.

[0040] 2. By arranging an arc channel on the arc extinguishing grid and a spiral groove on the arc channel, the arc channel and the interval between adjacent arc extinguishing grids further decompose the arc. Combining with the superposition of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2, the decomposed arc moves along the spiral groove, further stretching the movement path of the arc until the arc disappears, improving the arc extinguishing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0043] Figure 3 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 The sectional view taken along line A-A of the top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 The enlarged view at position B of the sectional view taken along line A-A of the top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the arc extinguishing grid structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 The sectional view of the arc extinguishing grid of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 100 - housing; 101 - inlet; 102 - display screen; 103 - button; 104 - outlet; 200 - fixed contact system; 201 - static contact; 300 - operating mechanism I; 301 - moving contact; 302 - electromagnetic coil I; 303 - protective sheet; 304 - contact rod; 400 - operating mechanism II; 401 - spring; 402 - safety pin; 403 - connecting block; 404 - iron sheet; 405 - dialing block; 500 - arc extinguishing system; 501 - side wall of arc extinguishing chamber; 502 - arc extinguishing grid; 5021 - arc passage; 5022 - spiral groove; 503 - electromagnetic coil II; 504 - bottom wall of arc extinguishing chamber; 600 - electronic monitoring unit; 601 - current detection unit; 602 - temperature detection unit; 603 - voltage detection unit. Specific embodiments

[0049] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figure 1-7 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch, comprising a housing 100, a fixed contact system 200, an operating mechanism I 300, an operating mechanism II 400, an arc extinguishing system 500, and an electronic monitoring unit 600;

[0051] The fixed contact system 200, the operating mechanism I 300, the operating mechanism II 400, the arc extinguishing system 500, and the electronic monitoring unit 600 are all arranged inside the housing 100;

[0052] The fixed contact system 200 is arranged inside the housing 100, near the upper wall in the middle of the housing 100;

[0053] The operating mechanism I 300 and the operating mechanism II 400 are arranged at a position near the left side in the middle of the housing 100;

[0054] The arc extinguishing system 500 is arranged at a position near the right side in the middle inside the housing 100. A permanent magnet is arranged in the side wall 501 of the arc extinguishing chamber of the arc extinguishing system 500, and an electromagnetic coil two 503 is arranged on the bottom wall 504 of the arc extinguishing chamber of the arc extinguishing system 500. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is perpendicular to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil two 503.

[0055] The electronic monitoring unit 600 is arranged at the bottom inside the housing 100, and an iron sheet 404 of the operating mechanism two 400 is arranged between the current detection unit 601 and the temperature detection unit 602 of the electronic monitoring unit 600.

[0056] Further, an inlet port 101 is arranged in the middle of the top of the housing 100, and the number of the inlet ports 101 is three.

[0057] A display screen 102 is arranged on the front of the housing 100. The position of the display screen 102 is near the upper right corner of the front of the housing 100. A plurality of buttons 103 are arranged directly below the display screen 102, and the buttons 103 are located at a position in the middle and on the right half of the front of the housing 100.

[0058] A dial block 405 of the operating mechanism two 400 is arranged at a position in the middle and on the left half of the front of the housing 100. A protective cover is arranged on the dial block 405, and the dial block 405 is located on the left side of the display screen 102 and the buttons 103.

[0059] An outlet port 104 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the housing 100, and the number of the outlet ports 104 is three. The positions of the outlet ports 104 and the inlet ports 101 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis of the short side of the housing 100, and the aperture sizes of the outlet ports 104 and the inlet ports 101 are the same.

[0060] Further, the top end of the fixed contact system 200 is located at the lower end of the inlet port 101, and a static contact 201 is arranged at the lower end of the fixed contact system 200.

[0061] Further, the operating mechanism one 300 includes a moving contact 301, an electromagnetic coil one 302, a protective sheet 303, and a contact rod 304.

[0062] The moving contact 301 is arranged at the right end of the contact rod 304. The electromagnetic coil one 302 is arranged at the lower end of the contact rod 304. The protective sheet 303 is arranged at the left end of the contact rod 304 and the electromagnetic coil one 302. The top end of the protective sheet 303 is connected to the contact rod 304, and the bottom end of the protective sheet 303 is connected to the bottom end of the electromagnetic coil one 302.

[0063] A connection hole is arranged at the left end of the protective sheet 303.

[0064] Further, the operating mechanism II 400 includes a spring 401, a safety pin 402, a connecting block 403, an iron sheet 404, and a shifting block 405;

[0065] The left end of the spring 401 is fixedly connected to the protrusion at the front end of the connecting block 403, and the right end of the spring 401 is fixedly connected to the connecting hole provided at the left end of the protective sheet 303;

[0066] The left end of the safety pin 402 passes through the through hole provided on the shifting block 405 and is connected to the shifting block 405, and the right end of the safety pin 402 is clamped at the protrusion at the front end of the connecting block 403;

[0067] The iron sheet 404 is located below the connecting block 403, and the front end of the iron sheet 404 is close to the protrusion at the lower end of the connecting block 403.

[0068] Further, the two arc extinguishing chamber side walls 501 and the arc extinguishing chamber bottom wall 504 of the arc extinguishing system 500 form an arc extinguishing chamber;

[0069] A magnetic isolation material is provided on the periphery of the arc extinguishing chamber side wall 501 to isolate the influence of the external magnetic field;

[0070] An arc extinguishing grid 502 is provided inside the arc extinguishing chamber. The arc extinguishing grid 502 is arranged along the width direction of the arc extinguishing chamber. The arrangement method of the arc extinguishing grid 502 is that the length of the arc extinguishing grid 502 close to the two arc extinguishing chamber side walls 501 is short, and the length of the arc extinguishing grid 502 close to the middle of the arc extinguishing chamber is long. The length arrangement of the arc extinguishing grid 502 is approximately a normal distribution;

[0071] Intervals are provided between the arc extinguishing grids 502. Three arc channels 5021 are provided on the front surface of the arc extinguishing grid 502. The aperture of the arc channel 5021 is smaller than the interval provided between the arc extinguishing grids 502;

[0072] A spiral groove 5022 is provided on the surface of the arc channel 5021. The groove diameter of the spiral groove 5022 is smaller than the aperture of the arc channel 5021. The spiral groove 5022 forms a 45-degree angle with the direction of the arc channel 5021.

[0073] The permanent magnets provided in the arc extinguishing chamber side wall 501 are symmetric about the arc extinguishing chamber, and the magnetic fields generated by the two permanent magnets are perpendicular to the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid 502;

[0074] The winding direction of the electromagnetic coil II 503 is parallel to the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid 502;

[0075] When the fixed contact system 200 and the operating mechanism 300 are disconnected, the arc generated moves along the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid 502. The interval between the arc extinguishing grids 502 decomposes the arc, and the arc channel 5021 provided in the middle of the arc extinguishing grid 502 further decomposes the arc. The permanent magnet provided in the side wall 501 of the arc extinguishing chamber generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the arc movement direction, and the magnetic field generated by the second electromagnetic coil 503 provided on the bottom wall 504 of the arc extinguishing chamber is parallel to the magnetic field of the arc movement. The magnetic field perpendicular to the arc movement direction generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field parallel to the arc movement direction generated by the second electromagnetic coil 503 are superimposed to form a direction at a 45-degree angle along the arc movement direction. The arc moves along the trajectory of the 45-degree angle conforming to the spiral groove 5022. The magnetic field perpendicular to the arc movement direction generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field parallel to the arc movement direction generated by the second electromagnetic coil 503 will generate a force to stretch the arc, so that the arc is stretched and moves along the trajectory of the spiral groove 5022 until it completely dissipates.

[0076] Further, the electronic monitoring unit 600 includes a current detection unit 601, a temperature detection unit 602, and a voltage detection unit 603;

[0077] The voltage detection unit 603 is arranged behind the temperature detection unit 602;

[0078] The current detection unit 601 is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit 602, and the temperature detection unit 602 is electrically connected to the voltage detection unit 603;

[0079] The voltage detection unit 603 detects the voltage signal in the circuit;

[0080] The electronic monitoring unit 600 is electrically connected to the operating mechanism 300 and the operating mechanism 400.

[0081] Further, the current detection unit 601 detects the current in the circuit, and after signal processing, it calculates the vector sum of the AC and DC residual currents in real time and judges whether it exceeds the preset threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, it triggers the cooperation of the operating mechanism 300 and the operating mechanism 400 to disconnect the circuit;

[0082] When the detected residual current exceeds the threshold, the static contact 201 contacts the moving contact 301, and the electronic monitoring unit 600 energizes the first electromagnetic coil 302 of the operating mechanism 300, so that the first electromagnetic coil 302 generates magnetism, and then stretches the spring 401 to the right. The spring 401 pulls the top protrusion of the connecting block 403 to rotate clockwise along the axis of the connecting block 403. The top protrusion of the connecting block 403 drives the safety pin 402 to move to the right. The left end of the safety pin 402 drives the dial block 405 to rotate counterclockwise. The left end protrusion of the dial block 405 moves from the upper left to the lower left, and the moving contact 301 is separated from the static contact 201, and the entire circuit is disconnected.

[0083] Further, when the electronic monitoring unit 600 detects a circuit overload, or the temperature detection unit 602 detects that the device temperature is too high, or the voltage detection unit 603 detects that the voltage exceeds the threshold, at this time, the static contact 201 contacts the moving contact 301, and the electronic monitoring unit 600 will drive the top of the iron sheet 404 to move upward. The top of the iron sheet 404 touches the protrusion at the bottom end of the connecting block 403. The connecting block 403 makes a clockwise movement under the touch of the top of the iron sheet 404. The spring 401 is compressed to the right. The right end of the safety pin 402 moves clockwise along with the protrusion at the left end of the connecting block 403. The left end of the safety pin 402 drives the dial block 405 to make a counterclockwise movement. The protrusion at the left end of the dial block 405 moves from the upper left to the lower left, and the moving contact 301 is separated from the static contact 201, and the entire circuit is disconnected.

[0084] Further, the electronic monitoring unit 600 is electrically connected to the display screen 102.

[0085] The following combines Figure 1 - Figure 7 to introduce the usage process of this switch:

[0086] First, connect wires to the incoming line port 101 and the outgoing line port 104 of the housing 100 respectively. Under normal circumstances, the current flows through the entire circuit normally. The power data can be seen on the display screen 102 of the housing 100. The top of the fixed contact system 200 is connected to the wire of the incoming line port 101, and the bottom of the iron sheet 404 is connected to the wire of the outgoing line port 104. The static contact 201 of the fixed contact system 200 contacts the moving contact 301 of the operating mechanism 300. At this time, the current passes through the static contact 201 of the fixed contact system 200, the moving contact 301 of the operating mechanism 300, the contact rod 304, the electromagnetic coil 302, and flows through the wire to the iron sheet 404 and finally to the wire of the outgoing line port 104 through the wire.

[0087] The current detection unit 601 detects the current in the circuit. After signal processing, it calculates the vector sum of the AC and DC residual currents in real time and determines whether it exceeds the preset threshold. If it exceeds the threshold, it triggers the cooperation between the operating mechanism 300 and the operating mechanism 400. The static contact 201 of the fixed contact system 200 and the moving contact 301 of the operating mechanism 300 are separated, and the circuit is disconnected.

[0088] The specific process is as follows: When the detected residual current exceeds the threshold, the static contact 201 contacts the moving contact 301, and the electronic monitoring unit 600 energizes the electromagnetic coil 302 of the operating mechanism 300, so that the electromagnetic coil 302 generates magnetism, and then stretches the spring 401 to the right. The spring 401 pulls the protrusion at the top of the connecting block 403 to rotate clockwise along the central axis of the connecting block 403. The protrusion at the top of the connecting block 403 drives the safety pin 402 to move to the right. The left end of the safety pin 402 drives the dial block 405 to rotate counterclockwise. The protrusion at the left end of the dial block 405 moves from the upper left to the lower left, and the moving contact 301 is separated from the static contact 201, and the entire circuit is disconnected.

[0089] When the electronic monitoring unit 600 detects a circuit overload, or the temperature detection unit 602 detects that the device temperature is too high, or the voltage detection unit 603 detects that the voltage exceeds the threshold, at this time, the static contact 201 contacts the moving contact 301, and the electronic monitoring unit 600 will drive the top of the iron sheet 404 to move upward. The top of the iron sheet 404 touches the protrusion at the bottom end of the connecting block 403. The connecting block 403 makes a clockwise movement under the touch of the top of the iron sheet 404. The spring 401 is compressed to the right. The right end of the safety pin 402 moves clockwise with the protrusion at the left end of the connecting block 403. The left end of the safety pin 402 drives the dial block 405 to make a counterclockwise movement. The protrusion at the left end of the dial block 405 moves from the upper left to the lower left. The moving contact 301 separates from the static contact 201, and the entire circuit is disconnected.

[0090] Regardless of the situation where the electronic monitoring unit 600 detects to disconnect the circuit, an arc will be generated at the moment when the moving contact 301 separates from the static contact 201. The arc will move towards the arc extinguishing chamber. At this time, the arc generated by the disconnection of the fixed contact system 200 and the operating mechanism 1 300 moves along the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid 502. The intervals between the arc extinguishing grids 502 decompose the arc. The arc channel 5021 provided in the middle of the arc extinguishing grid 502 continues to decompose the arc. The permanent magnet provided in the side wall 501 of the arc extinguishing chamber generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the movement direction of the arc. The magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 503 provided on the bottom wall 504 of the arc extinguishing chamber is parallel to the magnetic field of the arc movement. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet perpendicular to the movement direction of the arc and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 503 parallel to the movement direction of the arc are superimposed to form a direction at a 45-degree angle along the movement direction of the arc. The arc moves along the trajectory of the 45-degree angle fitting the spiral groove 5022. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet perpendicular to the movement direction of the arc and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 503 parallel to the movement direction of the arc will generate a force to stretch the arc, so that the arc is stretched and moves along the trajectory of the spiral groove 5022 until it completely dissipates.

[0091] By providing a permanent magnet on the side wall 501 of the arc extinguishing chamber and an electromagnetic coil 2 503 on the bottom wall 504 of the arc extinguishing chamber, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is perpendicular to the movement direction of the arc, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 503 is parallel to the movement direction of the arc. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 503 are superimposed, so that the arc is stretched by the acting force of the magnetic field and decomposed in the arc extinguishing grid 502. And by providing an arc channel 5021 on the arc extinguishing grid 502 and a spiral groove 5022 on the arc channel 5021, the arc channel 5021 cooperates with the intervals between adjacent arc extinguishing grids 502 to further decompose the arc, and cooperates with the superposition of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 2 503 to make the decomposed arc move along the spiral groove 5022, further stretching the movement path of the arc until the arc disappears, improving the arc extinguishing efficiency.

[0092] It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0093] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch, comprising a housing (100), a fixed contact system (200), an operating mechanism 1 (300), an operating mechanism 2 (400), an arc extinguishing system (500), and an electronic monitoring unit (600), characterized in that: The fixed contact system (200), operating mechanism one (300), operating mechanism two (400), arc extinguishing system (500), and electronic monitoring unit (600) are all arranged inside the housing (100); The fixed contact system (200) is arranged in the middle of the interior of the housing (100) and close to the upper wall of the housing (100); The operating mechanism 1 (300) and the operating mechanism 2 (400) are arranged at a position slightly to the left in the middle of the housing (100); The arc extinguishing system (500) is arranged in a middle position close to the right side inside the housing (100), a permanent magnet is arranged in the side wall (501) of the arc extinguishing chamber of the arc extinguishing system (500), and a second electromagnetic coil (503) is arranged on the bottom wall (504) of the arc extinguishing chamber of the arc extinguishing system (500), and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic field generated by the second electromagnetic coil (503) are perpendicular to each other; The electronic monitoring unit (600) is arranged at the bottom of the housing (100), and an iron sheet (404) of the second operating mechanism (400) is arranged between a current detection unit (601) and a temperature detection unit (602) of the electronic monitoring unit (600).

2. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wire inlet (101) is provided in the middle of the top of the housing (100), and the number of the wire inlet (101) is three; A display screen (102) is provided on the front of the housing (100), and the display screen (102) is located near the upper right corner of the front of the housing (100); a plurality of buttons (103) are provided directly below the display screen (102), and the buttons (103) are located in the middle right half of the front of the housing (100); A shift block (405) of the second operating mechanism (400) is arranged at the middle left half of the front side of the housing (100), a protective cover is arranged on the top of the shift block (405), and the shift block (405) is located to the left of the display screen (102) and the button (103); A wire outlet (104) is provided in the middle of the bottom of the housing (100), the number of the wire outlets (104) being three, the positions of the wire outlets (104) and the wire inlet (101) being arranged opposite to each other with respect to the central axis of the short side of the housing (100), and the hole diameters of the wire outlets (104) and the wire inlet (101) are consistent.

3. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the fixed contact system (200) is located at the lower end of the line inlet (101), and a static contact (201) is provided at the lower end of the fixed contact system (200).

4. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operating mechanism 1 (300) comprises a moving contact (301), an electromagnetic coil 1 (302), a protective sheet (303), and a contact rod (304); The moving contact (301) is arranged at the right end of the touch rod (304), the electromagnetic coil 1 (302) is arranged at the lower end of the touch rod (304), the protective sheet (303) is arranged at the left end of the touch rod (304) and the electromagnetic coil 1 (302), the top end of the protective sheet (303) is connected to the touch rod (304), and the bottom end of the protective sheet (303) is connected to the bottom end of the electromagnetic coil 1 (302); The left end of the protective sheet (303) is provided with a connection hole.

5. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second operating mechanism (400) comprises a spring (401), a pin (402), a connecting block (403), the iron sheet (404), and the shifting block (405); The left end of the spring (401) is fixedly connected to the front end protrusion of the connecting block (403), and the right end of the spring (401) is fixedly connected to the connecting hole provided at the left end of the protective sheet (303); The left end of the pin (402) passes through a through hole provided on the shift block (405) and is connected to the shift block (405), and the right end of the pin (402) is clamped on a protrusion at the front end of the connection block (403); The iron sheet (404) is located below the connecting block (403), and the front end of the iron sheet (404) is close to the protrusion at the lower end of the connecting block (403).

6. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two arc extinguishing chamber side walls (501) of the arc extinguishing system (500) and the arc extinguishing chamber bottom wall (504) form an arc extinguishing chamber; A magnetic isolation material is arranged on the periphery of the arc extinguishing chamber side wall (501) to isolate the influence of the external magnetic field; An arc extinguishing grid (502) is arranged inside the arc extinguishing chamber, the arc extinguishing grid (502) is arranged along the width direction of the arc extinguishing chamber, the arc extinguishing grid (502) is arranged in such a manner that the arc extinguishing grid (502) close to the arc extinguishing chamber side walls (501) on both sides is short, and the arc extinguishing grid (502) close to the middle of the arc extinguishing chamber is long, and the length arrangement of the arc extinguishing grid (502) is approximately normally distributed; The arc extinguishing grids (502) are spaced apart from each other, three arc channels (5021) are provided on the front of the arc extinguishing grid (502), and the apertures of the arc channels (5021) are smaller than the spaced apart from each other by the arc extinguishing grids (502); The surface of the arc channel (5021) is provided with a spiral groove (5022), the groove diameter of the spiral groove (5022) is smaller than the aperture of the arc channel (5021), and the spiral groove (5022) and the arc channel (5021) are at an angle of forty-five degrees; the permanent magnets arranged in the arc extinguishing chamber side wall (501) are symmetrical with respect to the arc extinguishing chamber, and the magnetic fields generated by the two permanent magnets are perpendicular to the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid (502); The coil winding direction of the second electromagnetic coil (503) is parallel to the length direction of the arc extinguishing grid (502).

7. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic monitoring unit (600) comprises the current detection unit (601), the temperature detection unit (602) and the voltage detection unit (603); The voltage detection unit (603) is arranged behind the temperature detection unit (602); The current detection unit (601) is electrically connected to the temperature detection unit (602), and the temperature detection unit (602) is electrically connected to the voltage detection unit (603); The electronic monitoring unit (600) is electrically connected to the first operating mechanism (300) and the second operating mechanism (400).

8. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The current detection unit (601) detects the current in the circuit, and after signal processing, calculates the vector sum of the AC and DC residual currents in real time to determine whether it exceeds a preset threshold value. If it exceeds the threshold value, the cooperation between the first operating mechanism (300) and the second operating mechanism (400) is triggered to disconnect the circuit; When the detected residual current exceeds the threshold value, the static contact (201) contacts the moving contact (301), and the electronic monitoring unit (600) turns on the electromagnetic coil 1 (302) of the operating mechanism 1 (300), causing the electromagnetic coil 1 (302) to generate magnetism, thereby stretching the spring (401) to the right, and the spring (401) pulls the top protrusion of the connecting block (403) to rotate clockwise along the central axis of the connecting block (403), and the top protrusion of the connecting block (403) drives the pin (402) to move to the right, and the left end of the pin (402) drives the shift block (405) to rotate counterclockwise, and the left end protrusion of the shift block (402) moves from the upper left to the lower left, and the moving contact (301) is separated from the static contact (201), and the entire circuit is disconnected.

9. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the electronic monitoring unit (600) detects that the circuit is overloaded, or the temperature detection unit (602) detects that the device temperature is too high, or the voltage detection unit (603) detects that the voltage exceeds a threshold value, the static contact (201) contacts the moving contact (301), and the electronic monitoring unit (600) drives the top of the iron sheet (404) to move upward, and the top of the iron sheet (404) contacts the bottom protrusion of the connecting block (403), and the connecting block (403) moves upward. The connecting block (403) moves clockwise under the top contact of the iron sheet (404), the spring (401) is compressed to the right, the right end of the pin (402) moves clockwise along with the protrusion at the left end of the connecting block (403), the left end of the pin (402) drives the shifting block (405) to move counterclockwise, the protrusion at the left end of the shifting block (405) moves from the upper left to the lower left, the moving contact (301) is separated from the static contact (201), and the entire circuit is disconnected.

10. The residual current operated photovoltaic protection switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electronic monitoring unit (600) is electrically connected to the display screen (102).

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