Seed delinting machine for improved balsa seed breeding

Abstract

The invention relates to a seed delinting machine for improved balsa seed breeding, and belongs to the technical field of balsa seed delinting separation. The balsa seed delinting device mainly comprises a delinting device and a winnowing device, a feeding port of the winnowing device is in butt joint with a discharging port of the delinting device, balsa seeds with fibers are conveyed into the delinting device, the balsa seeds with the fibers are heated and dried through hot air to be fluffy, then the balsa seeds are turned and scattered through a delinting roller, and the purpose that the fibers and the seeds are separated is achieved. The delinting rate and the working efficiency are effectively improved, winnowing is carried out through the winnowing device, heavy seeds are screened out of screen holes under the action of the gravity of the seeds, light fibers are taken out through winnowing air, and separation of the seeds and the fibers is achieved; large extrusion force on the seeds is avoided, the phenomenon that the balsa seeds are broken is avoided, and the germination rate of the balsa seeds is guaranteed; the collected cork seeds and fibers can be utilized, and seed damage and resource waste caused by combustion delinting and acid delinting are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lightwood seed fuzz removal and separation, and particularly relates to a seed fuzz remover for lightwood improved variety breeding. Background Art

[0002] Cotton is a seed fiber, that is, the fiber is developed from the seed epidermis and is not separated in the natural state; while the seeds of Ochroma pyramidale in the Bombacaceae family are pericarp fibers. After the seeds mature, they are in a separated state from the pericarp and fibers, and each bundle of fibers carries one seed. However, due to the large number and small size of the seeds, and the light, thin, and soft fibers, the fibers and seeds are mixed together.

[0003] The seed propagation of Ochroma pyramidale is the main way of artificial propagation of Ochroma pyramidale. Its fibers are also commercially known as grass duck down or rabbit claws and are used as fillers for mattresses and cushions, with high utilization value. After the fruits of Ochroma pyramidale are harvested and exposed to the sun, a mixture of Ochroma pyramidale fibers and seeds is formed. The fuzz removal of Ochroma pyramidale seeds is a seasonal and heavy labor. For many years, hundreds of thousands of farmers have used simple tools for manual fuzz removal, which is not only inefficient but also a very tiring job. The following problems exist in the fuzz removal process: when the fuzz removal rate of Ochroma pyramidale seeds is increased, the phenomenon of high breakage rate of Ochroma pyramidale seeds will occur, thus affecting the germination of Ochroma pyramidale seeds; if the breakage rate of Ochroma pyramidale seeds is to be reduced, the fuzz removal rate of Ochroma pyramidale seeds will be affected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems in the background art that manual fuzz removal using simple tools is not only inefficient but also a very tiring job, and the breakage rate of Ochroma pyramidale seeds is high, which affects the germination of Ochroma pyramidale seeds, the present invention provides a seed fuzz remover for lightwood improved variety breeding. By conveying the Ochroma pyramidale seeds with fibers into the fuzz removal device 1, heating and drying the Ochroma pyramidale seeds with fibers through hot air to make them fluffy, and then turning and scattering them by the fuzz removal roller 14, the fibers and seeds are separated, effectively improving the fuzz removal rate and working efficiency. Then, through the air separation device 2 for air separation, the heavier seeds are screened out from the sieve holes under the action of their own gravity, and the lighter fibers are carried out by the air separation air flow, realizing the separation of seeds and fibers; avoiding the seeds from being subjected to a large extrusion force and avoiding the phenomenon of Ochroma pyramidale seed breakage, ensuring the germination rate of Ochroma pyramidale seeds; the collected Ochroma pyramidale seed fibers can be utilized, avoiding the waste of resources formed by burning fuzz removal and acid fuzz removal.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A seed de-linting machine for the selective breeding of balsa wood improved varieties mainly includes a de-linting device 1 and a pneumatic separation device 2. The feed inlet of the pneumatic separation device 2 is docked with the discharge outlet of the de-linting device 1. The de-linting device 1 includes a frame 11, a support wheel 12, a de-linting drum 13, a de-linting roller 14, a gear disc 15, a de-linting motor 16, and a turning motor 10. The support wheel 12 is installed on the frame 11. The de-linting drum 13 is rotatably supported on the support wheel 12 through a support wheel disc. The de-linting roller 14 is arranged inside the de-linting drum 13. Both ends of the de-linting roller 14 are installed on the frame 11 through bearings. The gear disc 15 is fixedly installed on the de-linting drum 13. The de-linting motor 16 is installed on the frame 11, and the de-linting motor 16 is in transmission connection with the de-linting roller 14. The turning motor 10 is installed on the frame 11, and the turning motor 10 is in transmission connection with the gear disc 15 through a gear. A supply air duct 17 for supplying dry hot air is installed at the feed end of the de-linting device 1.

[0006] Further, turning convex ribs 18 along the generatrix and feeding convex ribs 19 distributed in a spiral manner are arranged inside the de-linting drum 13.

[0007] Further, turning and throwing teeth 31 are evenly arranged on the de-linting roller 14.

[0008] Further, the front end of the de-linting roller 14 is set as a conical structure for the convenience of material entry. A feed hopper 33 is installed at the front end of the frame 11, and the feed hopper 33 extends into the de-linting drum 13.

[0009] Further, the pneumatic separation device 2 includes a support frame 21, a screening and throwing drum 22, rollers 23, a gear ring 24, a screening and throwing motor 25, a docking sleeve 26, and an air outlet cylinder 27. The screening and throwing drum 22 is rotatably installed on the support frame 21 through the rollers 23. The gear ring 24 is installed on the screening and throwing drum 22. The screening and throwing motor 25 is installed on the support frame 21, and the screening and throwing motor 25 is in transmission connection with the gear ring 24 through a gear. The docking sleeve 26 is fixed on the frame 11, and the docking sleeve 26 is sleeved on the end of the de-linting drum 13. A gap for the rotation of the de-linting drum 13 is left between the docking sleeve 26 and the de-linting drum 13. The front end of the screening and throwing drum 22 is sleeved on the end of the docking sleeve 26, and a gap for the rotation of the screening and throwing drum 22 is left between the screening and throwing drum 22 and the docking sleeve 26. An air inlet 28 is arranged on the docking sleeve 26. The air outlet cylinder 27 is installed at the end of the support frame 21, and the air outlet cylinder 27 is sleeved on the end of the screening and throwing drum 22 with a gap. The end of the air outlet cylinder 27 is connected to an induced draft fan through a fiber filtering device.

[0010] Further, screening holes 41 for screening out balsa wood seeds are evenly arranged inside the screening and throwing drum 22, and throwing plates 42 for turning and throwing materials are arranged along the generatrix direction of the screening and throwing drum 22.

[0011] Further, a spiral feeding plate 43 is arranged inside the screening and throwing drum 22.

[0012] Furthermore, a discharge sieve opening 44 is provided at the end section of the screening and throwing drum 22.

[0013] Furthermore, protective shells are provided on both the defuzzing device 1 and the air separation device 2.

[0014] Furthermore, a first material outlet 45 and a second material outlet 46 corresponding to the sieve holes 41 and the discharge sieve opening 44 are provided at the bottom of the air separation device 2, and the second material outlet 46 is connected to the feed inlet of the defuzzing device 1 through a conveyor belt.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention: In the present invention, the lightwood seeds with fibers are conveyed into the defuzzing device, heated and dried by hot air to make them fluffy, and then turned and scattered by the defuzzing roller to achieve the separation of fibers and seeds, effectively improving the defuzzing rate and working efficiency. Then, air separation is carried out through the air separation device. The heavier seeds are screened out from the sieve holes under the action of their own gravity, and the lighter fibers are carried out by the air separation air, realizing the separation of seeds and fibers; avoiding the seeds from being subjected to a large extrusion force, avoiding the phenomenon of lightwood seed breakage, and ensuring the germination rate of lightwood seeds; the collected lightwood seeds and fibers can be utilized, avoiding the seed damage and resource waste formed by combustion defuzzing and acid defuzzing. Description of the drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a sectional perspective schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 is a main shaft-side perspective schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 is a rear shaft-side perspective schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 is a sectional perspective schematic diagram of the defuzzing device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at position A in

[0021] Figure 6 is a sectional perspective schematic diagram of the air separation device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at position B in

[0023] Figure 8 is a photo of the lightwood seeds without defuzzing.

[0024] Figure 9 is a photo of the fibers of the lightwood seeds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clear, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by technicians.

[0026] The present invention discloses a seed depilating machine for selecting and breeding balsa wood varieties. The seed depilating machine for selecting and breeding balsa wood varieties mainly comprises a depilating device 1 and an air selection device 2. The feed port of the air selection device 2 is connected with the discharge port of the depilating device 1. The depilating device 1 comprises a frame 11, a supporting wheel 12, a depilating drum 13, a depilating roller 14, a gear plate 15, a depilating motor 16, and a turning motor 10. The supporting wheel 12 is mounted on the frame 11. The depilating drum 13 is rotatably supported and mounted on the supporting wheel 12 through a supporting wheel plate. The depilating roller 14 is penetrated in the depilating drum 13. Both ends of the depilating roller 14 are mounted on the frame 11 through bearings. The gear plate 15 is fixedly mounted on the depilating drum 13. The depilating motor 16 is mounted on the frame 11. The depilating motor 16 is transmission-connected to the depilating roller 14. The turning motor 10 is mounted on the frame 11. The turning motor 10 is connected to the gear plate 15 through a gear. 5 transmission connection; the feeding end of the delinting device 1 is equipped with an air supply pipe 17 for supplying dry hot air, and the balsa wood seeds with fibers are uniformly transported into the delinting device 1, and the balsa wood seeds with fibers are heated and dried by hot air to make them fluffy, and then the delinting rollers are used to flip and scatter them, so that the fibers and seeds can be separated, and the delinting rate and work efficiency can be effectively improved. Then, the wind selection device is used for wind selection, and the heavier seeds are sieved out from the sieve holes under their own gravity, and the lighter fibers are brought out by the wind selection wind, so that the seeds and fibers are separated, and the seeds are prevented from being subjected to a large squeezing force, and the phenomenon of the balsa wood seeds being broken is avoided, so as to ensure the germination rate of the balsa wood seeds; the wind selection device 2 is used for wind selection, so that the seeds and fibers are separated, and the delinting rate, work efficiency and germination rate of the balsa wood seeds are effectively improved; the collected balsa wood seeds and fibers can be used, and the seed damage and resource waste caused by burning delinting and acid delinting can be avoided.

[0027] The delinting drum 13 is provided with turning ribs 18 along the main line and spirally distributed feeding ribs 19; the turning ribs 18 are used to improve the turning effect of the balsa wood seeds, thereby preventing the balsa wood seeds from sliding at the bottom of the delinting drum 13; the spirally distributed feeding ribs 19 ensure that the balsa wood seeds are transported to the discharge end during the delinting work, thereby avoiding the problem of the balsa wood seeds staying in the delinting drum 13 for a long time.

[0028] The delinting roller 14 is evenly provided with turning and throwing teeth 31, and the heated balsa wood seeds with fibers are fully turned and thrown and scattered by the turning and throwing teeth 31.

[0029] The front end of the defluffing roller 14 is a conical structure for facilitating the entry of materials. A feed hopper 33 is installed at the front end of the frame 11, and the feed hopper 33 extends into the defluffing drum 13.

[0030] The air separation device 2 includes a support frame 21, a screening and throwing drum 22, rollers 23, a gear ring 24, a screening and throwing motor 25, a docking sleeve 26, and an air outlet cylinder 27. The screening and throwing drum 22 is rotatably installed on the support frame 21 through the rollers 23. The gear ring 24 is installed on the screening and throwing drum 22. The screening and throwing motor 25 is installed on the support frame 21, and the screening and throwing motor 25 is drivingly connected to the gear ring 24 through gears. The docking sleeve 26 is fixed on the frame 11, and the docking sleeve 26 is sleeved on the end of the defluffing drum 13. A gap for the rotation of the defluffing drum 13 is left between the docking sleeve 26 and the defluffing drum 13. The front end of the screening and throwing drum 22 is sleeved on the end of the docking sleeve 26, and a gap for the rotation of the screening and throwing drum 22 is left between the screening and throwing drum 22 and the docking sleeve 26. An air inlet 28 is provided on the docking sleeve 26. The air outlet cylinder 27 is installed at the end of the support frame 21, and the air outlet cylinder 27 is sleeved on the end of the screening and throwing drum 22 with a gap. The end of the air outlet cylinder 27 is connected to an induced draft fan through a fiber filtering device. After being fully turned over, scattered, and separated, the light wood seeds and fibers enter the air separation device 2, are screened and thrown up by the rotating screening and throwing drum 22. The fully defluffed light wood seeds are screened out by the screening and throwing drum 22, and the fibers are thrown up multiple times and carried away by the high-speed air entering from the air inlet 28, and are filtered, collected, and reused through the fiber filtering device.

[0031] The screening and throwing drum 22 is evenly provided with screening holes 41 for screening out the light wood seeds, which is beneficial to screening out the fully defluffed light wood seeds. The screening and throwing drum 22 is provided with throwing plates 42 for turning over and throwing the materials along the generatrix direction, which can throw up the fibers multiple times and is beneficial to the fibers being carried away by the wind. A spiral feeding plate 43 is provided in the screening and throwing drum 22, which is beneficial to the materials being conveyed along the outlet direction during the air separation process.

[0032] The end section of the screening and throwing drum 22 is provided with a discharge screening opening 44. The light wood seeds that are not fully defluffed are not easily discharged from the screening holes 41 due to the adhesion effect, and finally are discharged from the discharge screening opening 44.

[0033] The defluffing device 1 and the air separation device 2 are both provided with protective shells.

[0034] The bottom of the air separation device 2 is provided with a first material outlet 45 and a second material outlet 46 corresponding to the screening holes 41 and the discharge screening opening 44 respectively. The second material outlet 46 is connected to the feed inlet of the defluffing device 1 through a conveyor belt. The light wood seeds that are not fully defluffed and discharged from the discharge screening opening 44 are conveyed to the defluffing device 1 through the conveyor belt for re-defluffing treatment to ensure the defluffing effect.

[0035] Working process: By using light wood seeds with fibers (such asFigure 8 As shown), the conveying is evenly fed into the defuzzing device 1. After the balsa seeds with fibers enter the defuzzing drum 13, hot air is used to heat and dry the balsa seeds with fibers to make them fluffy, and then they are turned and scattered by the defuzzing rollers, so that the fibers and seeds can be separated, effectively improving the defuzzing rate and working efficiency. The spiral-distributed feeding ribs 19 ensure that the balsa seeds are conveyed towards the discharge end during the rubbing operation, avoiding the problem of long-term residence of the balsa seeds and the phenomenon of balsa seed breakage, and ensuring the germination rate of the balsa seeds; the balsa seeds and fibers after being fully turned and scattered enter the air separation device 2, and are screened and thrown up by the rotating screening and throwing drum 22. The fully defuzzed balsa seeds are screened out by the screening and throwing drum 22, and the fibers are thrown up multiple times and carried away by the high-speed air entering from the air inlet 28, and are filtered, collected and reused through the fiber filtering device; through the air separation of the air separation device 2, the separation of seeds and fibers is realized, effectively improving the defuzzing rate, working efficiency and germination rate of the balsa seeds; the collected balsa seeds and fibers (such as Figure 9 As shown) can be utilized to avoid seed damage and resource waste caused by burning defuzzing and acid defuzzing.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed delinting machine for balsa wood breeding, characterized by: The depilating machine for seed breeding of balsa wood varieties comprises a depilating device (1) and a wind selection device (2). The feed port of the wind selection device (2) is connected to the discharge port of the depilating device (1). The depilating device (1) comprises a frame (11), a support wheel (12), a depilating drum (13), a depilating roller (14), a gear plate (15), a depilating motor (16), and a turning motor (10). The support wheel (12) is mounted on the frame (11). The depilating drum (13) is rotatably supported by a support wheel plate and is mounted on the support wheel (12). The delinting roller (14) is inserted into the delinting drum (13), both ends of the delinting roller (14) are mounted on the frame (11) via bearings, a gear plate (15) is fixedly mounted on the delinting drum (13), a delinting motor (16) is mounted on the frame (11), the delinting motor (16) is in driving connection with the delinting roller (14), a material turning motor (10) is mounted on the frame (11), and the material turning motor (10) is in driving connection with the gear plate (15) via gears; an air supply pipe (17) for supplying dry hot air is installed at the feeding end of the delinting device (1).

2. The seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The delinting drum (13) is provided with material turning ridges (18) along the generatrix and material feeding ridges (19) distributed in a spiral.

3. The seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The delinting roller (14) is evenly provided with flipping teeth (31).

4. A seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The front end of the delinting roller (14) is designed as a conical structure to facilitate the entry of materials. A feed hopper (33) is installed at the front end of the frame (11), and the feed hopper (33) extends into the delinting roller (13).

5. A seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that: The wind selection device (2) comprises a support frame (21), a screening drum (22), a roller (23), a gear ring (24), a screening motor (25), a docking sleeve (26), and an air outlet tube (27). The screening drum (22) is rotatably mounted on the support frame (21) via the roller (23). The gear ring (24) is mounted on the screening drum (22). The screening motor (25) is mounted on the support frame (21). The screening motor (25) is transmission-connected to the gear ring (24) via a gear. The docking sleeve (26) is fixed on the frame (11). The docking sleeve (26) ) is sleeved on the end of the delinting drum (13), and a gap is left between the docking sleeve (26) and the delinting drum (13) for the delinting drum (13) to rotate; the front end of the screening drum (22) is sleeved on the end of the docking sleeve (26), and a gap is left between the screening drum (22) and the docking sleeve (26) for the screening drum (22) to rotate, and an air inlet (28) is provided on the docking sleeve (26); the air outlet duct (27) is installed at the end of the support frame (21), and the air outlet duct (27) is sleeved on the end of the screening drum (22) with a gap, and the end of the air outlet duct (27) is connected to the induced draft fan through a fiber filtering device.

6. The seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The screening and throwing drum (22) is evenly provided with sieve holes (41) for screening balsa wood seeds, and the screening and throwing drum (22) is provided with a throwing plate (42) for turning and throwing materials along the generatrix direction.

7. The seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A spiral feeding plate (43) is provided inside the screening and polishing drum (22).

8. The seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The end section of the screening drum (22) is provided with a discharging screen opening (44).

9. A seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8, characterized in that: The depilatory device (1) and the air selection device (2) are both provided with protective shells.

10. A seed delinting machine for balsa wood improved species selection and breeding as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the air selection device (2) is provided with a first material outlet (45) and a second material outlet (46) corresponding to the sieve hole (41) and the discharge sieve opening (44) respectively, and the second material outlet (46) is connected to the feed port of the depilatory device (1) via a conveyor belt.

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