Solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid hydrogen storage, and provides a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance and application thereof, and is characterized in that the device comprises a hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen storage alloy and a heat exchange structure assembly; a fin structure and a layering partition plate are arranged in the hydrogen storage container, by optimizing the layering partition plate and the fin structure, displacement and agglomeration of hydrogen storage alloy in a moving or vibrating environment are effectively prevented, the mass transfer and heat transfer performance in the hydrogen storage tank is remarkably improved, hydrogen and heat can be rapidly transferred to the hydrogen storage alloy, and the hydrogen storage effect is improved. Therefore, the hydrogen absorption and desorption efficiency is improved. The method is suitable for AB2 type alloys, AB5 type alloys, BCC type alloys, superlattice hydrogen storage alloys and the like, the hydrogen absorption and desorption process can be efficiently completed at a certain temperature and pressure, and the high efficiency and stability of the hydrogen absorption and desorption process are ensured. And the catalyst can be widely applied to various scenes such as traffic, hydrogen refueling stations, industrial processes and hydrogen energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid hydrogen storage, and particularly to a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance and its application. Background Art

[0002] As a safe, efficient and pollution-free green energy, hydrogen energy has great market potential and is widely used in fields such as transportation, energy storage and industrial production. At present, the mainstream hydrogen storage methods include high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage. However, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage needs to withstand extremely high pressures (usually 35 - 70 MPa), which poses safety hazards; cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage requires cooling hydrogen to below -253°C, with high energy consumption and complex equipment. In contrast, solid hydrogen storage, as a hydrogen storage method that can be carried out under normal temperature and low pressure conditions, has advantages such as high safety, large energy density and simple operation, and has become the focus and key point of current research.

[0003] However, in practical applications in mobile or vibrating environments, such as in fields of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, ships and submarines, and portable power sources, etc., the solid alloy hydrogen storage technology still faces many challenges: the alloy that powders after hydrogen absorption is prone to agglomeration during movement or vibration, resulting in hindered hydrogen diffusion, decreased hydrogen storage performance or even failure; at the same time, the agglomeration phenomenon will exacerbate the heat accumulation during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, making it difficult to achieve efficient thermal management in a dynamic environment, thereby affecting the reaction efficiency and safety, and thus restricting the further popularization and application of the solid hydrogen storage technology, which urgently needs to be solved through structural design and optimization.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN114440112B discloses a hydrogen storage tank, which includes a vertically arranged tank body, a horizontally arranged tray inside the tank body, and an inlet and outlet liquid pipe. The inside of the tray is hollow, forming a containing chamber for placing hydrogen storage alloy. The inlet and outlet liquid pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet and outlet of the tray through a communication port to realize the circulation of the heat-conducting medium. A plurality of cylindrical protrusions are arranged in the middle of the tray, and are sleeved with foam copper tubes and heat-conducting silica gel sleeves to further optimize the heat transfer effect. However, the heat-conducting medium circulation system of this device mainly relies on the connection design of the inlet and outlet liquid pipes, and its heat transfer efficiency is limited by the flow rate and distribution uniformity of the heat-conducting medium, which may lead to insufficiently rapid and uniform heat transfer in the hydrogen storage alloy. In addition, although the cylindrical protrusion structure inside the tray increases the heat transfer area, its complex design may increase the manufacturing and maintenance costs, and at the same time limit the filling amount of the hydrogen storage alloy. Chinese Patent CN116336384A invented an application of a hydrogen energy vehicle safety hydrogen storage device in solid hydrogen storage, which mainly includes structures such as a hydrogen storage tank, a sealing structure, a fixing seat, a cooling fan and a ventilation net. Among them, the fixing seat realizes the extrusion fixation of the hydrogen storage tank through a spring structure to ensure the stability of the hydrogen storage tank during vehicle driving; the cooling fan and the ventilation net are used to adjust the internal temperature of the device to prevent overheating. This invention mainly solves the problems of the stability of the hydrogen storage tank due to bumps during vehicle driving, the safety hazards caused by collisions with external objects, and insufficient heat dissipation. However, this invention still has some deficiencies: First, the heat dissipation system relies on the fan and the ventilation net, and the heat dissipation efficiency is greatly affected by the ambient temperature and may not meet the requirements in a high-temperature environment; in addition, the device structure is relatively complex, and the installation and maintenance costs are high, which may limit its wide application.

[0005] In view of these problems, the present invention proposes a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance. Through an innovative layered partition design, using high thermal conductivity materials and combined with fin structures, the heat transfer efficiency of the hydrogen storage alloy is significantly improved, thereby optimizing the hydrogen absorption and release process. At the same time, by optimizing the fin structure, the heat transfer performance inside the hydrogen storage tank is further enhanced, overcoming the problem of uneven heat distribution in traditional devices. In addition, the design of the external heat insulation layer effectively reduces the interference of the external environment on the heat exchange process, ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the hydrogen absorption and release process. These innovative designs not only solve the problems of traditional solid hydrogen storage technology in uniform heat management, but also provide reliable technical support for the wide application of hydrogen energy technology in fields such as transportation, hydrogen energy storage, and process processes, which is of great significance for promoting the industrial application of hydrogen energy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The significance of the present invention lies in solving the problems of easy heat accumulation in the solid alloy hydrogen storage device, easy stacking of the hydrogen storage alloy, and insufficient stability of the hydrogen release rate through innovative structural design and an efficient heat management system. Through the comprehensive design of a layered partition, fin structure, and circulating water heat exchange system, etc., the device significantly improves the hydrogen absorption and release rate of the hydrogen storage alloy and the overall efficient heat management of the device, enhancing the practicality of the hydrogen storage container.

[0007] Therefore, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: hydrogen inlet and outlet (1), head (2), circulating water inlet (3), hydrogen storage tank body (4), hydrogen storage tank heat exchange jacket (5), fin structure (6), hydrogen storage alloy (7), circulating water outlet (8), sealing structure (9), external heat insulation layer (10), hydrogen filter (11), automatic pressure relief valve (12), layered partition (13);

[0008] As a high heat transfer performance solid alloy hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage tank body (4) is horizontally arranged, with an elliptical head (2) connected at the front end. The head is connected with a hydrogen inlet and outlet (1) of the hydrogen storage tank for the input and output of hydrogen, and a fixed automatic pressure relief valve (12) to prevent excessive pressure in the hydrogen storage tank; a hydrogen filter (11) is provided inside the tank body to prevent potential safety hazards caused by blockage of hydrogen storage alloy particles due to excessive air flow; a detachable sealing structure (9) is provided at the tail end of the hydrogen storage tank body (4) for packing and refilling; the hydrogen storage alloy (7) is filled inside the hydrogen storage tank body (4) for hydrogen absorption and release; a fin structure (6) and a layered partition (13) are provided inside the hydrogen storage tank body (4); a heat exchange jacket (5) is provided outside the hydrogen storage tank body (4), and the heat exchange medium flows into the heat exchange jacket (5) through the circulating water inlet (3) and flows out through the circulating water outlet (8) to form an efficient heat management system; a detachable external heat insulation layer (10) is provided outside the heat exchange jacket to form a heat insulation barrier to significantly reduce the influence of the external temperature on the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0009] As a high heat transfer performance solid alloy hydrogen storage device, the fin structure (6) provided inside the hydrogen storage tank body (4) realizes efficient heat conduction, and this structure is a detachable radial cross-shaped partition, hole-shaped partition, etc.

[0010] As a high heat transfer performance solid alloy hydrogen storage device, the layered partition (13) constitutes a multi-layer hydrogen storage alloy layered structure for filling the hydrogen storage alloy (7) in layers. This partition is a metal plate with small holes, which effectively reduces its displacement or aggregation in a moving or vibrating environment, enables hydrogen and heat to be quickly transferred to the hydrogen storage alloy, and effectively improves the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency inside the hydrogen storage tank.

[0011] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the fin structure (6) and the layered partition (13) are made of high thermal conductivity materials, and the material is one of brass, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0012] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the hydrogen filter (11) is arranged at the hydrogen inlet to absorb the residual impurity gas in the hydrogen inlet and outlet (1) or the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and the filter element of the filter is one of polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), titanium rod filter element, stainless steel filter element.

[0013] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the external heat insulation layer (10) is fixed on the outside of the outer jacket structure to reduce the influence of environmental conditions on the reaction process, and the material is one of glass wool, polyurethane foam and polystyrene foam.

[0014] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the automatic pressure relief valve (12) is arranged on the reactor head and is equipped with a pressure sensor and an electromagnetic control module. The other end of the pressure relief valve is connected to the atmosphere and automatically opens when the pressure exceeds the preset value of 10 MPa.

[0015] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the hydrogen storage tank body (4) and the heat exchange jacket (5) are a fixed outer jacket structure, and the material is one or more of aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0016] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the heat exchange jacket (5), the circulating water inlet (3) and the circulating water outlet (8) form the heat management system of the device for effective heat management, and the heat exchange medium is one of water or organic medium.

[0017] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the sealing structure (9) is a detachable threaded sealing structure for packing, refueling, and setting the internal structure of the storage tank.

[0018] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the hydrogen inlet and outlet (1) of the hydrogen storage tank is a straight-through valve, and the front end is connected to the hydrogen transmission pipeline, vacuum pump or application equipment to facilitate the rapid introduction and release of hydrogen.

[0019] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, both the circulating water inlet (3) and the circulating water outlet (8) are quick-connect interfaces to achieve the rapid replacement of various heat exchange media or the rapid switching of the hydrogen absorption and release process.

[0020] As a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance, the hydrogen storage alloy (7) is one or more of AB5 type, AB2 type, BCC type or superlattice hydrogen storage alloy.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for solid alloy hydrogen storage: hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage tank body (4) of the high heat transfer performance solid alloy hydrogen storage device described in claim 1 from a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder. Hydrogen at a specified pressure passes through the filter screen (11) and then reacts in the hydrogen storage alloy (7) bed layer to form a hydride. The heat generated by the reaction is completely removed by the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange jacket (5); the hydrogen storage alloy (7) is filled in by a threaded sealing structure (9) and is dispersed in the hydrogen storage tank body (4) through a fin structure (6) and a layered partition plate (13) to fully contact with hydrogen. The hydrogen storage alloy (7) is one or more of AB5 type, AB2 type, BCC type, or superlattice hydrogen storage alloy, etc.; the reaction temperature is -10 to 80 °C, and the reaction pressure is 1.5 to 6 MPa.

[0022] The effects achieved by the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0023] 1. By arranging a fin and partition plate structure inside the hydrogen storage tank, the space inside the tank is divided into multiple areas, preventing the accumulation of alloy materials in a moving or vibrating state, ensuring the contact efficiency between the alloy materials and hydrogen, and thus ensuring the stable progress of the hydrogen absorption and release processes; the optimization of the internal components of the hydrogen storage device further enhances the heat transfer performance, avoids local overheating or overcooling, and ensures the safe and efficient progress of the hydrogen absorption and release reactions.

[0024] 2. The layered structure can divide the hydrogen storage alloy into multiple small areas. On the one hand, it can effectively disperse and absorb the stress caused by the volume expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy during the hydrogen absorption and release processes, avoid the local impact on the storage tank wall due to stress concentration, and extend the service life of the device; on the other hand, it can prevent the displacement of the hydrogen storage alloy in a moving or vibrating environment and reduce its impact on the storage tank wall. In addition, the fixed fin structure and partition plate structure can provide internal support for the hydrogen storage tank, enhance the structural strength of the storage tank, and improve the stability of the device.

[0025] 3. By setting a detachable threaded sealing structure, the filling and replacement of the hydrogen storage alloy are more convenient, reducing the maintenance cost; and the threaded sealing structure maintains good airtightness during operation, preventing hydrogen leakage and improving safety.

[0026] 4. By integrating a high-precision temperature sensor on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank body, the dynamic changes of the internal temperature are monitored and fed back in real time. Combining with an intelligent control automatic pressure relief valve, the operation state of the system is adjusted to ensure that the hydrogen absorption and release reactions are always carried out efficiently and stably within the preset safe temperature and pressure range, significantly improving the safety and reliability of the device.

[0027] This device is easy to operate, has a low maintenance cost, and strong adaptability. It can achieve the uniform distribution of the hydrogen storage alloy and efficient heat management, improve the safety and service life of the device, show excellent performance, and have broad application prospects. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the layered partition of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydrogen storage tank in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing structure of the present invention.

[0032] In the figures, 1. Hydrogen inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage tank; 2. Head; 3. Circulating water inlet; 4. Hydrogen storage tank body; 5. Heat exchange jacket; 6. Fin structure; 7. Hydrogen storage alloy; 8. Circulating water outlet; 9. Sealing structure; 10. External heat insulation layer; 11. Hydrogen filter; 12. Automatic pressure relief valve; 13. Layered partition. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the background art is intended to illustrate the background and practical significance of the invention and does not limit the applicable fields of the invention.

[0034] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the structure provided by the present invention includes a hydrogen inlet / outlet (1) of the hydrogen storage tank, a head (2), a circulating water inlet (3), a hydrogen storage tank body (4), a heat exchange jacket (5), a fin structure (6), a hydrogen storage alloy (7), a circulating water outlet (8), a sealing structure (9), an external heat insulation layer (10), a hydrogen filter (11), an automatic pressure relief valve (12), and a layered partition (13). The hydrogen storage tank body (4) is a horizontal barrel-shaped body; the heat exchange jacket (5) is an integral jacket; the heat exchange jacket (5) is connected with a circulating water inlet (3) and a circulating water outlet (8), and the circulating water or organic medium is used as a heat exchange medium and flows into the heat exchange jacket from the inlet for heat exchange and then flows out from the outlet; a fin structure (6) and a layered partition (13) are arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank body (4); the hydrogen filter (11) is arranged inside the hydrogen inlet; the hydrogen storage alloy (7) is one or more of AB2 type, AB5 type, BCC type, or superlattice hydrogen storage alloy, etc.; in order to reduce the environmental impact, the external heat insulation layer (10) is fixed on the outer side of the outer jacket structure; the hydrogen pressure is set to 1.5 - 6 MPa through the pressure reducing valve of the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and the threshold value of the automatic pressure relief valve (12) is preset to 10 MPa to prevent potential safety hazards caused by excessive pressure, and the set reaction temperature is -10 - 80 °C.

[0035] Hydrogen storage alloy 1

[0036] The AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy is composed of Ti, Zr, Mn, Cr, and Ce elements and is prepared by vacuum arc melting in an argon atmosphere. During the melting process, the alloy is flipped and melted three times to ensure uniform melting, and the current during the three melting processes is 140 A. After the melted AB2 type alloy is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is crushed so that its particles reach 20 - 30 mesh, and thus hydrogen storage alloy 1 is obtained.

[0037] Hydrogen storage alloy 2

[0038] The BCC type hydrogen storage alloy is mainly composed of Ti, V, Cr, and Ce elements and is prepared by vacuum arc melting in an argon atmosphere. During the melting process, the alloy is flipped and melted four times to ensure uniform melting, and the current during the four melting processes is 180 A. After the melted BCC type alloy is naturally cooled to room temperature, it is crushed so that its particles reach 10 - 20 mesh, and thus hydrogen storage alloy 2 is obtained.

[0039] Hydrogen storage alloy 3

[0040] The AB3 type superlattice hydrogen storage alloy is composed of Ca, La, Mg, Ni, and Y elements and is prepared by vacuum induction melting in an argon atmosphere. The melting time is 2 minutes to ensure sufficient mixing and uniformity of each component. Subsequently, the liquid alloy is quickly cast into a copper mold and cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain an alloy ingot and then annealed, and the annealed alloy is crushed to obtain hydrogen storage alloy 3.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] Load 900 g of hydrogen storage alloy 1 into the solid alloy hydrogen storage device. Circulate water in the heat exchange jacket to keep the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank at 30 °C before the start of the reaction. Thermocouple thermometers are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank; fix an external heat insulation layer made of glass wool on the outside of the jacket structure to prevent the environmental conditions from affecting the thermometer reading; under these conditions, introduce high-pressure hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank through a pressure reducing valve, keep the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at 6 MPa, and maintain it for 30 min to complete the reaction. The hydrogen storage rate of the alloy is measured by a volumetric flowmeter connected to the outer ends of the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the temperature change of the hydrogen storage tank is measured by a thermocouple thermometer.

[0043] Comparative Example 1:

[0044] Directly load 900 g of hydrogen storage alloy 1 into a straight cylindrical hydrogen storage tank. Circulate water in the heat exchange jacket to keep the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank at 30 °C before the start of the reaction. Thermocouple thermometers are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank; under these conditions, introduce high-pressure hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank through a pressure reducing valve, keep the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at 6 MPa, and maintain it for 30 min to complete the reaction. The hydrogen storage rate of the alloy is measured by a volumetric flowmeter connected to the outer ends of the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the temperature change of the hydrogen storage tank is measured by a thermocouple thermometer.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Load 900 g of hydrogen storage alloy 2 into the solid alloy hydrogen storage device. Circulate water in the heat exchange jacket to keep the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank at 30 °C before the start of the reaction. Thermocouple thermometers are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank; fix an external heat insulation layer made of glass wool on the outside of the jacket structure to prevent the environmental conditions from affecting the thermometer reading; under these conditions, introduce high-pressure hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank through a pressure reducing valve, keep the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at 6 MPa, and maintain it for 30 min to complete the reaction. The hydrogen storage rate of the alloy is measured by a volumetric flowmeter connected to the outer ends of the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the temperature change of the hydrogen storage tank is measured by a thermocouple thermometer.

[0047] Comparative Example 2:

[0048] Directly load 900 g of hydrogen storage alloy 2 into a straight cylindrical hydrogen storage tank. Circulate water in the heat exchange jacket to keep the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank at 30 °C before the start of the reaction. Thermocouple thermometers are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank; under these conditions, introduce high-pressure hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank through a pressure reducing valve, keep the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at 6 MPa, and maintain it for 45 min to complete the reaction. The hydrogen storage rate of the alloy is measured by a volumetric flowmeter connected to the outer ends of the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the temperature change of the hydrogen storage tank is measured by a thermocouple thermometer.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] Load 900 g of hydrogen storage alloy 3 into the solid alloy hydrogen storage device. Pass circulating water through the heat exchange jacket to keep the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank at 30 °C before the start of the reaction. Thermocouple thermometers are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank. Fix an external heat insulation layer made of glass wool on the outside of the jacket structure to prevent the environmental conditions from affecting the thermometer reading. Under these conditions, high-pressure hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank through a pressure reducing valve, and the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is maintained at 6 MPa for 30 min to complete the reaction. The hydrogen storage rate of the alloy is measured by a volumetric flowmeter connected to the outer ends of the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the temperature change of the hydrogen storage tank is measured by a thermocouple thermometer.

[0051] Comparative Example 3:

[0052] Directly load 900 g of hydrogen storage alloy 3 into a straight cylindrical hydrogen storage tank. Pass circulating water through the heat exchange jacket to keep the temperature of the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank at 30 °C before the start of the reaction. Thermocouple thermometers are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank. Under these conditions, high-pressure hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank through a pressure reducing valve, and the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is maintained at 6 MPa for 30 min to complete the reaction. The hydrogen storage rate of the alloy is measured by a volumetric flowmeter connected to the outer ends of the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the temperature change of the hydrogen storage tank is measured by a thermocouple thermometer.

[0053] Table 1. Comparison of reaction rates and temperature changes of different hydrogen storage alloys in the solid alloy hydrogen storage device

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from Table 1, under the same experimental conditions, the hydrogen storage rate of the solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance is significantly improved; and the temperature distribution inside the hydrogen storage tank is more uniform, indicating that through the optimized design of the layered partition and fin structures, the present invention significantly improves the heat transfer efficiency and achieves a more uniform heat distribution. In addition, by introducing an innovative structural design inside the storage tank, the structural stability of the hydrogen storage alloy is ensured, the stress generated during the expansion / contraction of the alloy is evenly dispersed, and the impact of the alloy on the storage tank is reduced, providing a new technical path for the development of hydrogen storage devices with high hydrogen absorption / desorption rates and high safety.

[0057] In summary, the present invention provides a solid alloy hydrogen storage device with high heat transfer performance. Through the innovative design of the layered partition and fin structure, the heat transfer efficiency of the hydrogen storage alloy and the hydrogen storage and release rate are significantly improved. At the same time, a more uniform temperature distribution is achieved, overcoming the deficiencies of heat accumulation in traditional straight cylindrical hydrogen storage tanks and the stability of the hydrogen storage and release rate of the hydrogen storage alloy. Compared with conventional hydrogen storage devices, the hydrogen storage and release rate of the present invention is faster and the heat management performance is better, enabling an efficient and stable hydrogen storage and release process to be maintained in a dynamic environment; compared with the prior art, the device structure design of the present invention is more reasonable, the heat transfer efficiency is significantly improved, it is applicable to a variety of hydrogen storage alloy materials, and has broad application prospects.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to clearly illustrate the high heat transfer performance solid alloy hydrogen storage device of the present invention and its applications, and are not limitations on the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art can make various forms of changes or adjustments based on the above content. Any equivalent replacement or improvement involving the hydrogen storage alloy, heat conduction medium, and auxiliary structure of the present invention belongs to the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. High heat transfer performance solid alloy hydrogen storage device, including: Hydrogen inlet and outlet (1), end cap (2), circulating water inlet (3), hydrogen storage tank body (4), hydrogen storage tank heat exchange jacket (5), fin structure (6), hydrogen storage alloy (7), circulating water outlet (8), sealing structure (9), external heat insulation layer (10), hydrogen filter (11), automatic pressure relief valve (12), layered partition (13); The invention is characterized in that the hydrogen storage tank body (4) is arranged horizontally, and an elliptical head (2) is connected to the front end, and the head is connected to the hydrogen inlet and outlet (1) of the hydrogen storage tank for inputting and outputting hydrogen, and a fixed automatic pressure relief valve (12) is provided to prevent the gas pressure in the hydrogen storage tank from being too high; a hydrogen filter (11) is provided inside the tank body to prevent the safety hazard caused by the blockage of hydrogen storage alloy particles due to excessive airflow; a detachable sealing structure (9) is provided at the rear end of the hydrogen storage tank body (4) for filling and changing materials; the hydrogen storage The tank body (4) is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy (7) for absorbing and releasing hydrogen; a fin structure (6) and a layered partition (13) are provided inside the hydrogen storage tank body (4); a heat exchange jacket (5) is provided outside the hydrogen storage tank body (4); a heat exchange medium flows into the heat exchange jacket (5) through a circulating water inlet (3) and flows out through a circulating water outlet (8), thereby forming an efficient thermal management system; a detachable external heat insulation layer (10) is provided outside the heat exchange jacket to form a heat insulation barrier, thereby significantly reducing the influence of the external temperature on the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank.

2. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fin structure (6) arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank body (4) realizes efficient heat conduction, and the structure is a detachable radial cross-shaped partition, a hole-shaped partition, etc.

3. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The layered partition (13) constitutes a multi-layer hydrogen storage alloy layered structure, which is used to fill the hydrogen storage alloy (7) in layers. The partition is a metal plate with small holes, which effectively reduces its displacement or aggregation in a moving or vibrating environment, allowing hydrogen and heat to be quickly transferred to the hydrogen storage alloy, effectively improving the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency inside the hydrogen storage tank.

4. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fin structure (6) and the layered partition plate (13) are made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and the material is one of brass, aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

5. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen filter (11) is arranged at the hydrogen inlet and is used to absorb impurity gases remaining in the hydrogen inlet and outlet (1) or the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The filter element of the filter is one of polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), titanium rod filter element, and stainless steel filter element.

6. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The external heat insulation layer (10) is fixed to the outside of the outer jacket structure and is used to reduce the impact of environmental conditions on the reaction process. The material of the external heat insulation layer (10) is one of glass wool, polyurethane foam and polystyrene foam.

7. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic pressure relief valve (12) is arranged on the reactor head, and has a built-in pressure sensor and an electromagnetic control module. The other end of the pressure relief valve is connected to the atmosphere, and it automatically opens when the pressure exceeds a preset value of 10 MPa.

8. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage tank body (4) and the heat exchange jacket (5) are a fixed outer jacket structure, and the material thereof is one or more of aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat exchange jacket (5), the circulating water inlet (3) and the circulating water outlet (8) constitute a thermal management system of the device, which is used for effective thermal management. The heat exchange medium is one of water or an organic medium.

10. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing structure (9) is a detachable threaded sealing structure, which is used for filling, changing materials, and setting the internal structure of the storage tank.

11. The high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen inlet and outlet (1) of the hydrogen storage tank is a straight-through valve, the front end of which is connected to a hydrogen delivery pipeline, a vacuum pump or application equipment, so as to facilitate the rapid introduction and release of hydrogen.

12. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The circulating water inlet (3) and the circulating water outlet (8) are both quick-plug interfaces, so as to realize the rapid replacement of various heat exchange media or the rapid switching of hydrogen absorption and desorption processes.

13. Use of the high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 for solid alloy hydrogen storage.

14. A method for storing hydrogen in a solid alloy, characterized in that: 1) Using a high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device as described in any one of Principles 1-12. 2) During the hydrogen storage process, hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen storage tank (4) of the high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device of claim 1 from a high pressure hydrogen cylinder. The hydrogen at a specified pressure passes through the filter (11) and reacts in the bed of the hydrogen storage alloy (7) to form hydride. The heat generated by the reaction is completely removed by the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange jacket (5). The hydrogen storage alloy (7) is filled in by the threaded sealing structure (9) and is evenly dispersed in the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the fin structure (6) and the layered partition (13) to fully contact with the hydrogen. 3) During the dehydrogenation process, the hydrogen in the high heat transfer solid alloy hydrogen storage device of claim 1 is discharged through the hydrogen inlet and outlet (1), and the energy required for dehydrogenation is completely provided by the circulating water or organic medium system in the heat exchange jacket (5).

15. The solid alloy hydrogen storage method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage alloy (7) is one or more of AB5 type, AB2 type, BCC type or superlattice hydrogen storage alloy, etc.; the reaction temperature is -10 to 80° C., and the reaction pressure is 1.5 to 6 MPa.

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