Multi-class meteorological year synthesis and verification method suitable for building heat and humidity transfer analysis

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-class meteorological year synthesis and verification method suitable for building heat and humidity transfer analysis. The method comprises the steps that historical meteorological year data and meteorological year synthesis judgment indexes are acquired; taking a month as a time scale, and drawing hourly I value probability accumulation curves of each historical meteorological year in a certain month one by one; combining the hourly I values of all historical years in the month, and drawing a probability accumulation curve; for extreme meteorological years, screening curves conforming to characteristics, and marking the curves as extreme months; for a typical meteorological year, screening a curve with the highest coincidence degree with the curve L, and marking the curve as a typical month; connecting the meteorological parameters corresponding to the typical months and the extreme months according to a month sequence to obtain a typical meteorological year and an extreme meteorological year; and verifying whether the meteorological year obtained by synthesis has corresponding characteristics through a wet balance coefficient and a parameter full-year curve graph. The meteorological years synthesized and verified by the method have representativeness and typicality, so that typical characteristics of different types of meteorological years are fully reflected in building heat and humidity transfer analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for synthesizing and verifying multiple types of meteorological years, specifically to a method for synthesizing and verifying multiple types of meteorological years applicable to the analysis of heat and moisture transfer in buildings, and belongs to the field of building performance simulation and analysis. Background Technique

[0002] In 2021, the proportion of energy consumption and carbon emissions in the building field in China's total social volume has reached 44.7% and 47.1% respectively, indicating that the green transformation of the building industry is an important part of the process of achieving China's "dual carbon" goal; and in the whole life cycle of buildings, the operation stage has the longest duration, and the energy consumption and carbon emissions caused by it are also the most remarkable. Therefore, by improving the heat and moisture performance of building envelopes and then reducing the heating and cooling loads of buildings, it is one of the mainstream means to effectively reduce the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning systems in the operation stage of buildings, and the basis for its realization is to comprehensively and accurately analyze and measure the heat and moisture transfer process of building envelopes in the design stage.

[0003] For this reason, various types of heat and moisture coupling transfer theoretical models have been established and improved in recent decades, and now it is possible to more accurately describe the one-dimensional transfer process of heat and moisture in the envelope structure; and through the numerical solution of mathematical equations by finite element analysis software, practitioners can also clearly master the temperature and humidity field distribution on the surface and inside of the envelope structure, providing important guidance for accurately predicting heating and cooling loads and optimizing the design method of the envelope structure.

[0004] Obviously, in order to make the heat and moisture transfer model have a unique numerical solution in the numerical solution process, it is necessary to provide corresponding definite solution conditions according to the actual situation of the building; among them, the annual climate parameters of the area where the building is located are an important part of the definite solution conditions. Therefore, the concept of "typical meteorological year" is proposed in this field to representatively reflect the typical climate characteristics in the long term of the area where the building is located, and its acquisition method is usually: based on the monthly average values of the past 30 years, select the values of each month in one year from the data of the past 10 years that are close to the average values of the past 30 years as the typical meteorological year. The above process usually determines the synthesis judgment index by the Sandia method and the Danish method.

[0005] As can be seen from the above steps, the existing methods for synthesizing meteorological years have at least the following deficiencies: 1) The synthetic judgment indexes determined according to the current methods not only fail to fully consider the moisture transfer process within the building envelope structure, but also usually cannot reflect the long-wave radiation effect between the envelope structure and the environment, resulting in insufficient representativeness of the synthesized typical meteorological year when used for heat and moisture transfer analysis; 2) The Sandia method and the Danish method determine the synthetic judgment indexes by the minimum weighted sum and the standard deviation respectively, indicating that this process is completely based on mathematical statistics and lacks physical interpretability, resulting in a certain degree of contingency in the process of using the typical meteorological year to reflect the heat and moisture transfer characteristics; 3) At present, with the intensification of global climate change, the importance of evaluating and measuring the heat and moisture transfer of building envelope structures under extreme climates has become increasingly prominent, while the existing methods are difficult to synthesize extreme meteorological years, making the above process difficult to carry out; 4) At present, there is no verification method to judge whether the synthesized typical meteorological year or extreme meteorological year can truly represent the corresponding characteristics when used for building heat and moisture transfer analysis, making it difficult to guarantee the reliability of the analysis results.

[0006] Therefore, to solve the above technical problems, it is indeed necessary to provide an innovative method for synthesizing and verifying multiple types of meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis to overcome the defects in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for synthesizing and verifying multiple types of meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis. This method is characterized by determining synthetic judgment indexes according to different types of meteorological years, and thus can synthesize typical meteorological years, extremely hot meteorological years, extremely cold meteorological years, extremely wet meteorological years, and extremely dry meteorological years applicable to heat and moisture transfer analysis from the meteorological parameters in a recent period of time, and can verify the reliability of the above meteorological years. The implementation of this method can make building simulation more accurately reflect the heat and moisture transfer process within the envelope structure under typical climates, and also provides a data basis for revealing the building performance under extreme climates through simulation.

[0008] The method for synthesizing and verifying multiple types of meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis provided by the present invention is characterized by including the following steps:

[0009] Step (1), obtaining historical meteorological year data and synthetic judgment indexes of meteorological years, including the following steps:

[0010] (1-1), collecting hourly meteorological parameters in a target area for a period of time as historical meteorological year data;

[0011] (1-2), determining the synthetic judgment indexes of meteorological years according to the characteristics of different types of meteorological years, denoted as I value;

[0012] Step (2): Taking a month as the time scale, plot the hourly I-value probability cumulative curves for each historical meteorological year within a certain month, denoted as curve l1, curve l2... curve l 29 , curve l 30 ;

[0013] Step (3): Combine the hourly I-values for all historical years within this month and plot the probability cumulative curve again based on this, denoted as curve L;

[0014] Step (4): Mark the curves, including the following steps:

[0015] (4-1) Compare curves l1~l 30 , and select the curves that meet the requirements according to the characteristics of extreme meteorological years, and mark them as extreme months;

[0016] (4-2) Among curves l1~l 30 , select the curve with the highest coincidence degree with curve L and mark it as the typical month;

[0017] Step (5): Connect the various meteorological parameters corresponding to the typical month and the extreme month in chronological order to obtain the typical meteorological year and the extreme meteorological year;

[0018] Step (6): Calculate the wet balance coefficients corresponding to the typical meteorological year and the extreme meteorological year, and combine the annual curve diagrams of the corresponding parameters to verify whether the synthesized meteorological year has the corresponding characteristics.

[0019] In step (1-1) of the present invention:

[0020] The meteorological parameters include: air temperature T air , air relative humidity total horizontal solar radiation intensity I sol , horizontal precipitation intensity R, wind speed v, wind direction θ, and cloud cover factor C.

[0021] In step (1-2) of the present invention:

[0022] For extremely hot and extremely cold meteorological years, the synthesis judgment index I-value is the air temperature;

[0023] For extremely wet and extremely dry meteorological years, the synthesis judgment index I-value is the horizontal rainfall intensity;

[0024] For the typical meteorological year, the synthesis judgment index I-value is the air equivalent temperature T eqv , which is obtained by collecting meteorological parameters and the convective heat transfer coefficient h of the outer surface of the building envelope, the latent heat of evaporation h of water lat , the convective mass transfer coefficient h of the outer surface of the building envelope m , the water vapor saturation pressure p of the air sat,air, Relative humidity of the outer surface of the enclosure structure The water vapor saturation pressure p on the outer surface of the enclosure structure sat,ev , liquid water constant pressure specific heat capacity c p,l 、The dew point temperature of rainwater T dp,air , the outer surface temperature of the enclosure structure T ev , the absorptivity or emissivity α of the outer surface of the enclosure structure is calculated according to the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] The latent heat of evaporation of water in the present invention is h lat According to the following formula: h lat =2501400-2418×(T dp,air -273.15);

[0027] The water vapor saturation pressure p of the air sat,air The water vapor saturation pressure p on the outer surface of the enclosure structure sat,ev Calculated according to the following formula:

[0028] The dew point temperature of the rainwater is T dp,air According to the following formula:

[0029] In step (4-1) of the present invention:

[0030] The process of selecting the curve based on the characteristics of extreme meteorological years is as follows:

[0031] Calculate the curve l1, curve l2, ... curve l in the same coordinate system respectively 29 , curve l 30 The overall difference E from curve L i , i=1,2,……29,30, the overall difference is calculated according to the following formula: For extremely hot and extremely wet meteorological years, the curve corresponding to the one with the largest overall difference needs to be selected. i , i=1,2,……29,30; for extremely cold meteorological years and extremely dry meteorological years, it is necessary to select the curve l corresponding to the one with the smallest overall difference i .

[0032] In step (4-2) of the present invention:

[0033] The process of selecting curves according to the characteristics of a typical meteorological year is as follows: respectively calculating curves l1, l2, ..., l in the same coordinate system. 29 , curve l 30 The total absolute difference E from curve L i,abs, where \(i = 1, 2,\cdots, 29, 30\), and the curve \(l\) corresponding to the one with the smallest overall absolute difference is selected. i ; The overall absolute difference can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0034] In step (6) of the present invention:

[0035] The moisture balance coefficient is: the ratio of the moisture gain amount \(g\) on the outer surface of the building envelope throughout the year gn to the moisture loss amount \(g\) ls , and is calculated according to the following formula: \(MBI = g\) gn / \(g\) ls ;

[0036] The moisture gain amount is: the total precipitation received by the outer surface of the building envelope throughout the year, and is calculated according to the following formula; \(g\) gn =\(\int R d\tau\);

[0037] The moisture loss amount is: the total mass transfer amount throughout the year caused by convection between the air and the outer surface of the building envelope, and is calculated according to the following two formulas:

[0038]

[0039] Or where

[0040] \(\kappa\) is the slope of the difference between the water vapor saturation pressure and the temperature difference between the outer surface of the building envelope and the air, is the humidity constant, \(\lambda\) ev is the thermal conductivity of the building envelope.

[0041] The slope of the difference between the water vapor saturation pressure and the temperature difference between the outer surface of the building envelope and the air in the present invention is calculated according to the following formula:

[0042] The humidity constant is obtained through the specific heat capacity at constant pressure \(c\) of the air p,air , and is calculated according to the following formula:

[0043] In step (6) of the present invention: the specific annual curve of the corresponding parameters is: for the extremely hot meteorological year and the extremely cold meteorological year, it is the annual air temperature curve; for the extremely wet meteorological year and the extremely dry meteorological year, it is the annual horizontal precipitation intensity curve.

[0044] In step (6) of the present invention, the corresponding characteristics of the meteorological year are specifically:

[0045] (1) Denote the moisture balance coefficient of the building envelope calculated with the meteorological year as the background parameter as \(MBI\) typical , and denote the moisture balance coefficient of the building envelope calculated with each historical year within a period of time as the background parameter as \(MBI\)i For \(i = 1, 2, \ldots, 29, 30\), denote the average value of the wet balance coefficient of each historical year as MBI ave ;

[0046] (2) MBI of the typical meteorological year typical and MBI ave The deviation between them is not greater than 5%;

[0047] (3) In the temperature air change range formed by the annual air temperature curves of each historical year over a period of time, the annual air temperature curve graph of the extremely hot meteorological year should be in the upper part of this range, and its MBI typical should be less than 90% of MBI i ; The annual air temperature curve graph of the extremely cold meteorological year should be in the lower part of this range, and its MBI typical should be greater than 90% of MBI i ;

[0048] (4) In the horizontal plane precipitation intensity change range formed by the annual horizontal plane precipitation intensity curves of each historical year over a period of time, the annual horizontal plane precipitation intensity curve graph of the extremely wet meteorological year should occupy a relatively large area in this range, and its MBI typical should not be less than all MBI i ; The annual horizontal plane precipitation intensity curve graph of the extremely dry meteorological year should occupy a relatively small area in this range, and its MBI typical should not be greater than all MBI i .

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the multi - type meteorological year synthesis and verification method of the present invention, with a brand - new technical solution, has the following advantages:

[0050] (1) The principle of the present invention has strong reliability, a simple and feasible process, and a wide range of applications, and can be applied when simulating or analyzing building performance and the heat and moisture transfer process of building envelopes.

[0051] (2) When synthesizing the typical meteorological year, the present invention fully considers the influence of various factors between the building envelope and the environment (such as moisture transfer, long - wave radiation, etc.), so that the obtained typical meteorological year has sufficient representativeness when used for heat and moisture transfer analysis.

[0052] (3) The present invention derives the synthesis judgment index for the typical meteorological year based on physical principles, significantly enhancing the interpretability of the synthesis result; and the provided verification method can be used to judge whether the synthesis result can indeed characterize the corresponding characteristics.

[0053] (4) In addition to the typical meteorological year, the present invention also synthesizes various different types of extreme meteorological years, expanding the data basis required for simulation, and allowing practitioners to evaluate and measure the heat and moisture transfer of building envelopes under extreme climates.

[0054] (5) The meteorological years synthesized and verified by the present invention are more representative and typical, enabling the typical characteristics of different types of meteorological years to be fully reflected in the analysis of building heat and moisture transfer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for synthesizing and verifying multiple types of meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is a probability cumulative curve graph of hourly synthesis determination indexes of historical years within a certain month in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 is a probability cumulative curve graph of hourly synthesis determination indexes of meteorological years within a certain month in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 is an annual air temperature curve graph of an extremely hot meteorological year in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 is an annual air temperature curve graph of an extremely cold meteorological year in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 is an annual horizontal precipitation intensity curve graph of an extremely wet meteorological year in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 is an annual horizontal precipitation intensity curve graph of an extremely dry meteorological year in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 is a distribution graph of wet balance coefficients of a typical meteorological year and nearly 30 historical years in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9 is a distribution graph of wet balance coefficients of an extremely hot meteorological year, an extremely cold meteorological year and nearly 30 historical years in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 10 is a distribution graph of wet balance coefficients of an extremely wet meteorological year, an extremely dry meteorological year and nearly 30 historical years in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0065] To make the above objects, features, and beneficial effects of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the multi-class meteorological year synthesis and verification method applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: Obtain historical meteorological year data and the synthesis judgment index of the meteorological year, including the following steps 1-1 and 1-2:

[0068] Step 1-1: Collect the hourly meteorological parameters in the target area in the past 30 years as the historical meteorological year data.

[0069] Specifically, the data sources of the hourly meteorological parameters can be the National Meteorological Information Center, the National Climate Center, the China Meteorological Administration, the World Meteorological Organization, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States, the National Satellite Data Center of the United States, etc.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present invention, the collection location of the meteorological parameters in the past 30 years is Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China (120°15′E, 30°15′N); the data source is the fifth-generation atmospheric reanalysis dataset (ERA5) provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.

[0071] Specifically, the meteorological parameters include: air temperature T air , unit K; air relative humidity total horizontal solar radiation intensity I sol , unit W·m -2 ; horizontal precipitation intensity R, unit mm·h -1 , equivalent to "×3.6×10 3 kg·m -2 ·s -1 "; wind speed v, unit m·s -1 ; wind direction θ, unit °; cloud cover factor C and more than 30 other meteorological parameters.

[0072] Step 1-2: Determine the synthesis judgment index of the meteorological year, denoted as the I value, according to the characteristics of different types of meteorological years.

[0073] Specifically, for extremely hot meteorological years and extremely cold meteorological years, the synthesis judgment index I value is the air temperature; for extremely wet meteorological years and extremely dry meteorological years, the synthesis judgment index I value is the horizontal rainfall intensity; for typical meteorological years, the synthesis judgment index I value is the air equivalent temperature T eqv (unit K), which can be obtained by the meteorological parameters collected and the convective heat transfer coefficient h of the outer surface of the building envelope (unit W·m -2 ·K -1 ), the latent heat of vaporization of water h lat (unit J·kg -1 ), the convective mass transfer coefficient h of the outer surface of the building envelope m (unit kg·m -2 ·s-1 ·Pa -1 ) The saturated water vapor pressure p of the air sat,air (unit: Pa), the relative humidity of the outer surface of the building envelope The saturated water vapor pressure p of the outer surface of the building envelope sat,ev (unit: Pa), the specific heat capacity at constant pressure c of liquid water p,l (unit: J·kg -1 ·K -1 ) The dew point temperature T of rainwater dp,air (unit: K), the temperature T of the outer surface of the building envelope ev (unit: K), the absorptivity or emissivity α of the outer surface of the building envelope, and is calculated according to the following formula:

[0074] In the embodiments of the present invention, to avoid the parameter differences caused by different orientations when using walls, the building envelope specifically refers to the building roof; the latent heat of vaporization of water can be calculated according to the following formula: h lat = 2501400 - 2418×(T dp,air - 273.15); the saturated water vapor pressure of the air and the saturated water vapor pressure of the outer surface of the building envelope can be calculated respectively according to the following formula: The dew point temperature of rainwater can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0075] Step 2: Taking "month" as the time scale, draw the hourly probability cumulative curve of I value within a certain month of each historical meteorological year one by one, and record them as curve l1, curve l2... curve l 29 and curve l 30 .

[0076] In the embodiments of the present invention, the hourly probability cumulative curve of I value within a certain month of each historical meteorological year is as shown by the light-colored thin solid line in Figure 2 .

[0077] Step 3: Combine the hourly I values within this month of all historical years, and draw a probability cumulative curve again based on this, and record it as curve L.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present invention, after combining the hourly I values within this month of each historical meteorological year, the drawn probability cumulative curve is as shown by the dark-colored thick dashed line in Figure 2 .

[0079] Step 4: Mark the curve, including the following steps 4-1 and 4-2:

[0080] Step 4-1: Compare curves l1~l 30 , and select the curves that meet the requirements according to the characteristics of the extreme meteorological year, and mark them as extreme months.

[0081] Specifically, the process of screening curves based on the characteristics of extreme meteorological years is as follows: Calculate the overall difference E 29 between curve l1, curve l2... curve l 30 and curve L in the same coordinate system respectively, where i = 1, 2,..., 29, 30. The overall difference can be calculated according to the following formula: i For extremely hot and extremely wet meteorological years, the curve l corresponding to the largest overall difference needs to be screened, where i = 1, 2,..., 29, 30; for extremely cold and extremely dry meteorological years, the curve l i corresponding to the smallest overall difference needs to be screened. i

[0082] In the embodiment of the present invention, the extremely hot or extremely wet meteorological year obtained by screening is as shown by the solid line L1 in Figure 3 , which coincides with a certain light solid line in Figure 2 and has the largest overall difference from the dotted line L; the extremely cold or extremely dry meteorological year obtained by screening is as shown by the solid line L2 in Figure 3 , which coincides with a certain light solid line in Figure 2 and has the smallest overall difference from the dotted line L.

[0083] Step 4-2: Among the curves l1 to l 30 , screen the curve with the highest coincidence degree with curve L and mark it as the typical month.

[0084] Specifically, the process of screening curves based on the characteristics of typical meteorological years is as follows: Calculate the overall absolute difference E 29 between curve l1, curve l2... curve l 30 and curve L in the same coordinate system respectively, where i = 1, 2,..., 29, 30. The overall absolute difference can be calculated according to the following formula: i,abs For typical meteorological years, the curve l corresponding to the smallest overall absolute difference needs to be screened. i

[0085] In the embodiment of the present invention, the typical meteorological year obtained by screening is as shown by the solid line L3 in Figure 3 , which coincides with a certain light solid line in Figure 2 and has the smallest overall absolute difference from the dotted line L.

[0086] Step 5: Connect the meteorological parameters (such as temperature, relative humidity, etc.) corresponding to the typical month and the extreme month in chronological order of months, and a typical meteorological year and an extreme meteorological year can be synthesized.

[0087] Step 6: Calculate the wet balance coefficients corresponding to the typical meteorological year and the extreme meteorological year, and combine the annual curve graphs of the corresponding parameters to verify whether the synthesized meteorological year has the corresponding characteristics.​​

[0088] Specifically, the moisture balance index MBI is defined as the ratio of the moisture gain amount g gn (unit: kg·m -2 ) of the outer surface of the building envelope throughout the year to the moisture loss amount g ls (unit: kg·m -2 ). It is a comprehensive reflection of the influence of the environment on the building envelope, can be used to indicate the balance relationship between the annual moisture absorption and moisture release of the building envelope, can also be used to characterize the degree of moisture risk (the larger the value, the higher the moisture risk), and can be calculated according to the following formula: MBI = g gn / g ls ; Denote the moisture balance index of the building envelope calculated with the meteorological year as the background parameter as MBI typical , and denote the moisture balance index of the building envelope calculated with each historical year in the past 30 years as the background parameter as MBI i , i = 1, 2, …… 29, 30, and denote the average value of the moisture balance indexes of each historical year as MBI ave .

[0089] Specifically, the moisture gain amount is the total precipitation received by the outer surface of the building envelope throughout the year, and can be calculated according to the following formula; g gn =∫Rdτ. The moisture loss amount is the total mass transfer amount (i.e., the potential evaporation amount) caused by the convection between the air and the outer surface of the building envelope throughout the year. It can be calculated through the slope κ (unit: Pa·K -1 ) of the difference between the water vapor saturation pressure and the temperature difference between the outer surface of the building envelope and the air, the humidity constant (unit: Pa·K -1 ) and the thermal conductivity λ ev (unit: W·m -1 ·K -1 ), and calculated according to or ; The slope of the difference between the water vapor saturation pressure and the temperature difference between the outer surface of the building envelope and the air can be calculated according to the following formula: The humidity constant can be calculated through the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the air (c p,air , J·kg -1 ·K -1 ), and calculated according to the following formula:

[0090] The specific curves of the corresponding parameters throughout the year are as follows: For the extremely hot meteorological year and the extremely cold meteorological year, they are the annual air temperature curves; for the extremely wet meteorological year and the extremely dry meteorological year, they are the annual horizontal plane precipitation intensity curves.

[0091] The corresponding characteristics of the meteorological year are specifically as follows:

[0092] In the temperature air change range formed by the annual air temperature curves of each historical year in the past nearly 30 years, the annual air temperature curve graph of the extremely hot meteorological year should be roughly in the upper part of this range, and its MBI typical should be less than 90% of the MBI i ; the annual air temperature curve graph of the extremely cold meteorological year should be roughly in the lower part of this range, and its MBI typical should be greater than 90% of the MBI i .

[0093] Specifically, in the horizontal precipitation intensity change range formed by the annual horizontal precipitation intensity curves of each historical year in the past nearly 30 years, the annual horizontal precipitation intensity curve graph of the extremely wet meteorological year should occupy a relatively large area in this range, and its MBI typical should not be less than all MBI i ; the annual horizontal precipitation intensity curve graph of the extremely dry meteorological year should occupy a relatively small area in this range, and its MBI typical should not be greater than all MBI i .

[0094] In the embodiment of the present invention, according to calculations, the MBI corresponding to the synthesized typical meteorological year typical is 0.5409, and the MBI corresponding to the historical year ave is 0.5667, and the deviation between the two is 4.6%, meeting the requirements, indicating that the typical meteorological year has corresponding characteristics; and when the air temperature is used as the synthesis determination index, the MBI corresponding to the synthesized typical meteorological year typical is 0.6379, and the deviation from the MBI ave is 12.6%, far exceeding the required limit, indicating that the synthesis determination index of the typical meteorological year proposed by the present invention does have practical significance. At the same time, the comparison between the wet balance coefficients can also be intuitively presented in the form of an image: since the wet balance coefficient of the enclosure structure is the quotient of the moisture gain and the moisture loss, on the coordinate axis with the moisture loss as the abscissa and the moisture gain as the ordinate, the slope of the corresponding points of the meteorological year and the historical year is their wet balance coefficient. Therefore, as shown in Figure 8 the balance coefficient distribution graph, it can be seen that when the synthesis determination index is the air equivalent temperature, the straight line (dashed line) representing the wet balance coefficient of the typical meteorological year is very close to the straight line (solid line) representing the average situation of the wet balance coefficient of the historical year; while when the synthesis determination index is the air temperature, the closeness between the straight line (dotted line) representing the wet balance coefficient of the typical meteorological year and the straight line (solid line) representing the average situation of the wet balance coefficient of the historical year is significantly lower.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present invention, the annual air temperature curve of the synthesized extremely hot meteorological year is as shown in Figure 4As shown, it can be seen that it is roughly located in the upper part of the variation range formed by the annual air temperature curves of each historical year; at the same time, because the calculated corresponding MBI typical is 0.3429, which is less than the MBI of 96.7% i , so the extremely hot meteorological year has corresponding characteristics; when reflected on the balance coefficient distribution diagram as Figure 9 shown, it can be seen that almost all the points (a total of 29 points) representing the wet balance coefficients of historical years fall in the upper space of the straight line (dashed line) representing the wet balance coefficient of the extremely hot meteorological year.

[0096] In the embodiment of the present invention, the annual air temperature curve of the extremely cold meteorological year synthesized is as Figure 5 shown, it can be seen that it is roughly located in the lower part of the variation range formed by the annual air temperature curves of each historical year; at the same time, because the calculated corresponding MBI typical is 0.8286, which is less than the MBI of 93.3% i , so the extremely cold meteorological year has corresponding characteristics; when reflected on the balance coefficient distribution diagram as Figure 9 shown, it can be seen that almost all the points (a total of 28 points) representing the wet balance coefficients of historical years fall in the lower space of the straight line (dot line) representing the wet balance coefficient of the extremely cold meteorological year.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present invention, the annual air temperature curve of the extremely wet meteorological year synthesized is as Figure 6 shown, it can be seen that it occupies a large area in the range formed by the annual horizontal precipitation intensity curves of each historical year; at the same time, because the calculated corresponding MBI typical is 1.7530, which is greater than all the MBI i , so the extremely wet meteorological year has corresponding characteristics; when reflected on the balance coefficient distribution diagram as Figure 10 shown, it can be seen that all the points representing the wet balance coefficients of historical years fall in the lower space of the straight line (dashed line) representing the wet balance coefficient of the extremely wet meteorological year.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present invention, the annual air temperature curve of the extremely dry meteorological year synthesized is as Figure 7 shown, it can be seen that it occupies a relatively small area in the range formed by the annual horizontal precipitation intensity curves of each historical year; at the same time, because the calculated corresponding MBI typical is 0.1011, which is less than all the MBI i , so the extremely dry meteorological year has corresponding characteristics; when reflected on the balance coefficient distribution diagram as Figure 10 shown, it can be seen that all the points representing the wet balance coefficients of historical years fall in the upper space of the straight line (dot line) representing the wet balance coefficient of the extremely dry meteorological year.

[0099] The above has introduced the embodiments of the present invention in detail. In this article, specific implementation manners have been used to elaborate on the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and system of the present invention. They are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-category meteorological year synthesis and verification method suitable for building heat and moisture transfer analysis, characterized in that: The steps include: Step (1), obtaining historical meteorological year data and a synthetic determination index of the meteorological year, comprises the following steps: (1-1) Collect hourly meteorological parameters of the target area over a period of time as historical meteorological annual data; (1-2) According to the characteristics of different types of meteorological years, determine the synthetic determination index of the meteorological year, which is recorded as I value; Step (2), using the month as the time scale, draw the hourly I value probability accumulation curves of each historical meteorological year in a certain month, which are respectively recorded as curve l1, curve l2, ... curve l 29 , curve l 30 ; Step (3), combine the hourly I values ​​of all historical years in the month, and draw the probability accumulation curve again based on it, which is recorded as curve L; Step (4), marking the curve, comprises the following steps: (4-1), contrast curve l1~l 30 , according to the characteristics of extreme meteorological years, the curves that meet the requirements are selected and marked as extreme months; (4-2), on the curve l1~l 30 In the above, select the curve with the highest overlap with curve L and mark it as a typical month; Step (5), connecting the meteorological parameters corresponding to the typical month and the extreme month in order of months to obtain the typical meteorological year and the extreme meteorological year; Step (6), calculate the moisture balance coefficients corresponding to the typical meteorological year and the extreme meteorological year, and verify whether the synthesized meteorological year has the corresponding characteristics by combining the corresponding parameter full-year curves.

2. The multi-type meteorological annual synthesis and verification method suitable for building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step (1-1): The meteorological parameters include: air temperature T air , relative humidity Total solar radiation intensity on horizontal surface I sol , horizontal precipitation intensity R, wind speed v, wind direction θ and cloud cover factor C.

3. The multi-type meteorological annual synthesis and verification method suitable for building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the steps (1-2): For extremely hot and cold meteorological years, the value of the composite judgment index I is the air temperature; For extremely wet and dry meteorological years, the composite judgment index I is the horizontal surface rainfall intensity; For a typical meteorological year, the composite judgment index I is the equivalent air temperature T eqv The meteorological parameters collected are compared with the surface convection heat transfer coefficient h of the enclosure structure and the latent heat of evaporation h of water. lat , mass transfer coefficient h on the outer surface of the enclosure structure m , the water vapor saturation pressure of air p sat,air , Relative humidity of the outer surface of the enclosure structure The water vapor saturation pressure p on the outer surface of the enclosure structure sat,ev , liquid water constant pressure specific heat capacity c p,l 、The dew point temperature of rainwater T dp,air , the outer surface temperature of the enclosure structure T ev , the absorptivity or emissivity α of the outer surface of the enclosure structure is calculated according to the following formula:

4. The method for synthesizing and verifying multiple meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The latent heat of evaporation of water h lat According to the following formula: h lat =2501400-2418×(T dp,air -273.15); The water vapor saturation pressure p of the air sat,air The water vapor saturation pressure p on the outer surface of the enclosure structure sat,ev Calculated according to the following formula: The dew point temperature of the rainwater is T dp,air According to the following formula:

5. The method for synthesizing and verifying multiple meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4-1): The process of selecting the curve based on the characteristics of extreme meteorological years is as follows: Calculate the curve l1, curve l2, ... curve l in the same coordinate system respectively 29 , curve l 30 The overall difference E from curve L i , i=1,2,……29,30, the overall difference is calculated according to the following formula: For extremely hot and extremely wet meteorological years, the curve corresponding to the one with the largest overall difference needs to be selected. i , i=1,2,……29,30; for extremely cold meteorological years and extremely dry meteorological years, it is necessary to select the curve l corresponding to the one with the smallest overall difference i .

6. The method for synthesizing and verifying multiple meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4-2): The process of selecting curves according to the characteristics of a typical meteorological year is as follows: respectively calculating curves l1, l2, ..., l in the same coordinate system. 29 , curve l 30 The total absolute difference E from curve L i,abs , i = 1, 2, ... 29, 30, and select the curve l corresponding to the one with the smallest overall absolute difference i ; The overall absolute difference can be calculated according to the following formula:

7. The multi-type meteorological annual synthesis and verification method suitable for building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step (6): The moisture balance coefficient is: the moisture gain of the outer surface of the enclosure structure throughout the year g gn and moisture loss g ls The ratio between them is calculated according to the following formula: MBI = g gn / g ls ; The moisture gain is the total amount of precipitation received by the outer surface of the enclosure structure throughout the year, calculated according to the following formula: g gn =∫Rdτ; The dehumidification is the total mass transfer caused by convection between the air and the outer surface of the building envelope throughout the year, calculated according to the following two formulas: or in κ is the slope of the water vapor saturation pressure difference and temperature difference between the outer surface of the enclosure structure and the air, θ is the humidity constant, and λ ev is the thermal conductivity of the enclosure structure.

8. The multi-type meteorological annual synthesis and verification method suitable for building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The slope of the water vapor saturation pressure difference and temperature difference between the outer surface of the enclosure structure and the air is calculated according to the following formula: The humidity constant is calculated by the constant pressure specific heat capacity of air c p,air , and calculated according to the following formula:

9. The method for synthesizing and verifying multiple meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (6), the corresponding parameter annual curve diagram is specifically: for extremely hot meteorological years and extremely cold meteorological years, it is an annual air temperature curve diagram; for extremely wet meteorological years and extremely dry meteorological years, it is an annual horizontal surface precipitation intensity curve diagram.

10. The method for synthesizing and verifying multiple meteorological years applicable to building heat and moisture transfer analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (6), the corresponding characteristics of the meteorological year are specifically: (1) The moisture balance coefficient of the enclosure structure calculated using the meteorological year as the background parameter is recorded as MBI typical The wet balance coefficient of the building envelope calculated based on the historical years in a period of time as the background parameter is recorded as MBI i , i = 1, 2, ... 29, 30, the average value of the moisture balance coefficient of each historical year is recorded as MBI ave ; (2) MBI in a typical meteorological year typical With MBI ave The deviation between them shall not exceed 5%; (3) In the temperature and air variation range formed by the annual air temperature curves of each historical year within a period of time, the annual air temperature curve of the extremely hot meteorological year should be in the upper part of the range, and its MBI typical Should be less than 90% MBI i The annual air temperature curve of an extremely cold meteorological year should be in the lower part of this range, and its MBI typical Should be greater than 90% MBI i ; (4) In the range of horizontal surface precipitation intensity variation formed by the annual horizontal surface precipitation intensity curves of each historical year within a period of time, the annual horizontal surface precipitation intensity curve of the extremely wet meteorological year should occupy a larger area within this range, and its MBI typical Should be no less than all MBI i The annual horizontal precipitation intensity curve of an extremely dry meteorological year should occupy a smaller area within this range, and its MBI typical Should not be greater than all MBIs i .

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