Pressure and speed regulating system and method for lifting hydraulic cylinder of derrick of drilling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure regulating and speed regulating system of a drilling machine derrick lifting hydraulic cylinder. The pressure regulating and speed regulating system comprises a hydraulic system, a derrick area, a regulating control box and a safety area display monitoring unit. The adjusting control box is connected with the hydraulic system, the derrick area and a diesel generating set of an original lifting system through lines, and the hydraulic system is connected with the diesel generating set and the derrick area through lines. The diesel generating set supplies power to the whole system, the derrick area measures the inclination angle of a derrick and the displacement of an oil cylinder and transmits the measurement result to the adjusting control box, the adjusting control box sends an instruction to the hydraulic system according to the measurement result to conduct system pressure reduction, and the safety area display monitoring unit is used for displaying various parameters of the system. And an operator can check conveniently. The invention further discloses a method for regulating the pressure and the speed of derrick lifting by using the system. The device solves the problems that an existing system does not have closed-loop control, misoperation is prone to occurring, out-of-tolerance cannot be adjusted by itself, and equipment failures are caused due to the fact that pressure reduction cannot be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum machinery, and in particular relates to a pressure regulating and speed regulating system for a drilling rig derrick lifting cylinder. The invention also relates to a method for regulating the pressure and speed of derrick lifting by using the system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oil drilling, there are basically two ways to lift the rig mast. One is to lift the rig by pulling the wire rope with a winch, and the other is to lift the rig mast by a hydraulic cylinder. The method of lifting the rig mast with a hydraulic cylinder is widely used in the transportation of drilling rigs. The upper end of the main lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the ear plate support welded on the rig, and the lower end is connected to the ear plate support welded on the base skid. The rig has two sets of pin holes, the first set is in the low position, and the second set is in the high position. During the lifting process of the rig, the lifting cylinder supports the rig and rotates around the first set of pin holes. After reaching the vertical state, the workers insert the second set of pins into the pin holes for fixing.

[0003] The current method of using a remote control to remotely operate the hydraulic system to lift the hydraulic cylinder has the following disadvantages: (1) The remote control operation is an open-loop operation mode. After the derrick reaches the vertical state, the support cylinder is still supplied with oil by manually operating the cylinder to extend the handle, which has low control accuracy. When the derrick is greater than 80°, the cylinder can easily change from the support state to the lifting state instantly, leaning to the other side, causing safety accidents; (2) The entire lifting system uses a constant pressure output. When the derrick is greater than 80°, when encountering problems such as valve core blocking, the pressure cannot be released, which can easily cause safety accidents such as cylinder deformation and derrick pulling; (3) During operation, there is no feedback on system parameters. After the extension distance of the two cylinders exceeds the tolerance, there is no feedback, and even one side of the cylinder stops working. It is impossible to determine the cause of the fault, and the safety risk is extremely high; (4) The lifting hydraulic station is powered by a diesel engine. The operating parameters of the diesel engine are only displayed on the diesel engine body. The diesel engine is installed on the drilling rig body and is checked during the lifting process, which poses a very high risk to personnel safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure regulating and speed regulating system for a drilling rig derrick lifting cylinder, which solves the problems that the existing system has no closed-loop control, is prone to misoperation, cannot adjust the over-tolerance by itself, and cannot reduce pressure, resulting in equipment failure.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for regulating pressure and speed of derrick hoisting using the above system, thereby achieving pressure and speed control during derrick hoisting and ensuring hoisting safety.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a pressure regulating and speed regulating system for the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of a drilling rig derrick, which includes a hydraulic system, a derrick area, an adjustment control box, and a safety area display and monitoring unit; the adjustment control box is connected to the hydraulic system, the derrick area, and the diesel generator set of the original hoisting system through lines, and the hydraulic system is connected to the diesel generator set and the derrick area through lines; the diesel generator set provides power for the entire system, the derrick area measures the derrick inclination angle and the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder, and transmits the measurement results to the adjustment control box, and the adjustment control box issues instructions to the hydraulic system according to the measurement results to reduce the pressure of the system. The safety area display and monitoring unit is used to display the various parameters of the system for the operator to view.

[0007] The features of the present invention also lie in:

[0008] The hydraulic system includes a pressure reducing valve, a left regulating valve, and a right regulating valve. All three valve blocks are connected to the components of the original hoisting system. The specific connection method is as follows:

[0009] The input end of the hydraulic part of the pressure reducing valve is a hydraulic pumping unit, and the output end is connected to the left regulating valve and the right regulating valve; the hydraulic input end of the left regulating valve is connected to the pressure reducing valve, and the output end is connected to the left lifting hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic input end of the right regulating valve is connected to the pressure reducing valve, and the output end is connected to the right lifting hydraulic cylinder; the electrical control parts of the pressure reducing valve, the left regulating valve, and the right regulating valve are all connected to the adjustment control box.

[0010] The derrick area includes a left lifting hydraulic cylinder displacement sensor, a right lifting hydraulic cylinder displacement sensor, a derrick inclination sensor, and an audible and visual alarm. The specific structure and connection method of the components are as follows:

[0011] The left lifting hydraulic cylinder displacement sensor uses a wire-drawing encoder, which is respectively fixed at the center of the mounting shafts at both ends of the left lifting hydraulic cylinder, and collects the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder as the cylinder expands and contracts;

[0012] The right lifting hydraulic cylinder displacement sensor uses a wire-drawing encoder, which is respectively fixed at the center of the mounting shafts at both ends of the right lifting hydraulic cylinder, and collects the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder as the cylinder expands and contracts;

[0013] The derrick inclination sensor is installed in the middle section of the derrick, and the zero-degree direction of the sensor faces the lower end of the derrick;

[0014] The audible and visual alarm will give an alarm prompt when the two lifting hydraulic cylinders exceed the tolerance or the derrick angle exceeds the set value.

[0015] The safety area display and monitoring unit includes:

[0016] A signal receiver, which displays the signals received in the dangerous area in the safety area through wireless communication; a server host, which installs professional data analysis software to analyze the transmitted data, and displays the analyzed data or alarm signals through a display.

[0017] The adjustment control box includes:

[0018] A power distribution unit that supplies power to the entire adjustment control box;

[0019] An instruction output module that is connected to the electrical control parts of the pressure reducing valve, the left regulating valve, and the right regulating valve, and outputs control instructions to the controlled solenoid valves;

[0020] A data acquisition module that respectively acquires the displacement sensor signals of the left lifting cylinder and the right lifting cylinder through the left lifting cylinder displacement sensor and the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor;

[0021] A data operation and processing module, which is the data processing unit of the entire pressure regulating and speed regulating system. It performs logical operations on the acquired analog signal and bus data signal, and then feeds back the final parameters to the display, and sends the signals to be output to the instruction output module;

[0022] A network switch, which is the network switching single unit of the pressure regulating and speed regulating system, and transmits and transfers the signals of various different buses;

[0023] Gateway No. 1 converts the signal of the J1939 protocol of the diesel engine ECU of the original hoisting system into a Modbus RTU signal, and then the data operation and processing module acquires the converted data;

[0024] Gateway No. 2 is respectively connected to the derrick inclination sensor and the network switch, and processes the can bus signal of the derrick inclination sensor into a Modbus TCP / IP signal that can be recognized by the data operation and processing module;

[0025] A signal transmitter, which is installed on the outside of the adjustment control box and faces the signal receiver. It is the signal transmitting end of the local area network bridge. After the signals in the dangerous area are uniformly processed by the data operation and processing module, they are connected to the signal transmitter through the network switch, and the data collected by the entire pressure regulating and speed regulating system is sent to the safety area display and monitoring unit located in the safety area through wireless signals to assist the operator in hoisting the derrick.

[0026] The door components of the adjustment control box include:

[0027] A power start switch, which is the power supply switch of the entire cabinet;

[0028] A displacement initial recording button, which is used to control the system to record the initial displacements of the two cylinders;

[0029] A displacement initial recording indicator light, which is used to indicate whether the system is recording the initial displacements of the left lifting cylinder and the right lifting cylinder;

[0030] The fault indicator light of the left lifting cylinder displacement sensor is used to indicate whether there is a fault in the left lifting cylinder displacement sensor;

[0031] The fault indicator light of the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor is used to indicate whether there is a fault in the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor;

[0032] The power start indicator light is used to indicate whether the entire control box is powered on;

[0033] The angle initial recording button is used to control the system to record the data of the current inclination sensor as the horizontal initial position of the inclination sensor;

[0034] The angle initial recording indicator light is used to indicate whether the system is in the initial angle recording of the derrick inclination sensor;

[0035] The fault indicator light of the derrick inclination sensor is used to indicate whether there is a fault in the derrick inclination sensor.

[0036] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is a pressure regulating and speed regulating method for the lifting cylinder of the drilling rig derrick. Using the above pressure regulating and speed regulating system, it is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Start the diesel generator set to supply power to the hydraulic system and the regulating control box. The system conducts self-check and starts up ready. Check the parameters of the system and conduct a lifting test to ensure that the entire system is fault-free;

[0038] Step 2: Start the derrick lifting. During the lifting process, according to the relative true angle Δθ of the derrick real , adjust the valve core opening of the pressure reducing valve and the openings of the left regulating valve and the right regulating valve to achieve the purpose of regulating the pressure and lifting speed of the lifting system;

[0039] Step 3: After the derrick reaches the vertical state, insert the second group of pin shafts into the pin shaft holes of the derrick and the drill floor, and turn off the diesel generator set to cut off the power to the entire system. The derrick lifting is completed.

[0040] Another feature of the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0041] During the pressure regulating and speed regulating process of Step 2, when the relative true angle Δθ of the derrick real ≤80°, the pressure reducing valve does not participate in controlling the pressure reduction. The system adjusts the openings of the left regulating valve and the right regulating valve according to the size relationship between the relative displacement difference ΔL ACT of the left lifting cylinder and the right lifting cylinder and the displacement over-tolerance alarm value ΔL alarm to reduce the relative displacement difference between the two cylinders. The specific adjustment methods are divided into the following three situations:

[0042] (1) When ΔL ACT ≤ΔLalarm When it is 1 / 2, the data operation and processing module issues an instruction to the instruction output module, and the instruction output module controls the opening degrees of the left regulating valve and the right regulating valve to be both 100%.

[0043] (2) When ΔL alarm / 2 ≤ ΔL ACT ≤ 1.5×ΔL alarm When it is in this range, the data operation and processing module issues an instruction to the instruction output module. The instruction output module controls the opening degree of the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a smaller relative displacement length to be 100%, and controls the opening degree of the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a larger relative displacement length to be reduced according to a ratio, that is, the opening degree is [1 - (ΔL ACT - ΔL alarm / 2) / ΔL alarm ×100%;

[0044] (3) When ΔL ACT ≥ 1.5×ΔL alarm When it is in this situation, the data operation and processing module issues an instruction to the instruction output module. The instruction output module controls the opening degree of the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a smaller relative displacement length to be 100%, and directly closes the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a larger relative displacement length, that is, the opening degree is 0%.

[0045] During the pressure regulation and speed regulation process of step 2, when the relative true angle Δθ of the derrick real > 80°, the data operation and processing module issues an instruction to the instruction output module, reduces the opening degree of the spool of the pressure reducing valve, so that the pressure at the output end of the pressure reducing valve is 0.5 times the pressure at the input end. At the same time, controls the opening degrees of the left regulating valve and the right regulating valve to be both 30%.

[0046] In step 3, when the relative true angle of the derrick is 89.5° ≤ Δθ real ≤ 90.5°, it is considered that the derrick reaches the vertical state. At this time, the system cuts off the oil supply circuits of the left lifting oil cylinder and the right lifting oil cylinder, and closes the left regulating valve and the right regulating valve.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] The voltage regulation speed control system of the present invention installs an inclination analog sensor on the derrick to detect the derrick inclination angle, adds an audible and visual alarm light on the derrick, adds a displacement sensor on the lifting cylinder, adds a pressure reducing valve, a left regulating valve and a right regulating valve to the oil supply circuit of the hydraulic cylinder. The adjustment control box includes a signal acquisition module, adds a bus communication unit to collect relevant parameters, and diagnoses and analyzes and calculates the collected signals to achieve the closed-loop control of the system; displays the parameters of the added system sensors to achieve the parameter feedback human-computer interaction of the lifting system; adds a gateway to connect the ECU of the diesel engine to the signal system and sends the diesel engine parameters at the remote end to the current control system through the bus protocol; adds a safety area display and monitoring unit to transmit all the control system data of the dangerous area on the rig side to the display unit in the remote safety area for display. The operator operates the remote control by viewing all the data on the display to ensure the safe operation of the equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection mode of each component in the system of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the door components of the adjustment control box in the system of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure, 1. Diesel generator set, 1-1. Diesel engine ECU, 1-2. Power generation system;

[0053] 2. Hydraulic system, 2-1. Hydraulic pumping unit, 2-2. Hydraulic system control box, 2-3. Pressure reducing valve, 2-4. Left regulating valve, 2-5. Right regulating valve, 2-6. Remote control;

[0054] 3. Derrick area, 3-1. Left lifting cylinder, 3-2. Right lifting cylinder, 3-3. Left lifting cylinder displacement sensor, 3-4. Right lifting cylinder displacement sensor, 3-5. Derrick inclination sensor, 3-6. Audible and visual alarm;

[0055] 4. Adjustment control box, 4-1. Power distribution unit, 4-2. Instruction output module, 4-3. Data acquisition module, 4-4. Data operation and processing module, 4-5. No. 2 gateway, 4-6. Signal transmitter, 4-7. Network switch, 4-8. No. 1 gateway, 4-9. Power start switch, 4-10. Displacement initial recording button, 4-11. Displacement initial recording indicator light, 4-12. Left lifting cylinder displacement sensor fault indicator light, 4-13. Right lifting cylinder displacement sensor fault indicator light, 4-14. Power start indicator light, 4-15. Angle initial recording button, 4-16. Angle initial recording indicator light, 4-17. Derrick inclination sensor fault indicator light;

[0056] 5. Safety area display and monitoring unit, 5-1. Signal receiver, 5-2. Server host, 5-3. Monitor. Specific implementation manners

[0057] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0058] Embodiment 1

[0059] The pressure regulating and speed regulating system of the derrick lifting cylinder of the drilling rig of the present invention has a structure as Figure 1 shown, and includes a hydraulic system 2, a derrick area 3, an adjustment control box 4 and a safety area display and monitoring unit 5. The adjustment control box 4 is connected to the hydraulic system 2, the derrick area 3 and the diesel generator set 1 of the original lifting system through lines. The hydraulic system 2 is connected to the diesel generator set 1 and the derrick area 3 through lines. The diesel generator set 1 provides power for the whole system. The derrick area 3 measures the derrick inclination angle and the cylinder displacement, and transmits the measurement results to the adjustment control box 4. The adjustment control box 4 issues an instruction to the hydraulic system 2 according to the measurement results to reduce the pressure of the system. The safety area display and monitoring unit 5 is used to display the parameters of the system, which is convenient for the operator to view.

[0060] As Figure 2 shown, the hydraulic system 2 includes a pressure reducing valve 2-3, a left regulating valve 2-4 and a right regulating valve 2-5. The three valve blocks are all connected to the components of the original lifting system. The specific connection manner is:

[0061] The hydraulic input end of the pressure reducing valve 2-3 is the hydraulic pumping unit 2-1, and the output end is connected to the left regulating valve 2-4 and the right regulating valve 2-5; the hydraulic input end of the left regulating valve 2-4 is connected to the pressure reducing valve 2-3, and the output end is connected to the left lifting cylinder 3-1; the hydraulic input end of the right regulating valve 2-5 is connected to the pressure reducing valve 2-3, and the output end is connected to the right lifting cylinder 3-2; the electrical control parts of the pressure reducing valve 2-3, the left regulating valve 2-4 and the right regulating valve 2-5 are all connected to the instruction output module 4-2 of the adjustment control box 4.

[0062] The derrick area 3 includes a left lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3-3, a right lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3-4, a derrick inclination sensor 3-5, and an audible and visual alarm 3-6. The specific structures and connection methods of the components are as follows:

[0063] The left lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3-3 uses a wire-drawing encoder, which is respectively fixed at the center of the mounting shafts at both ends of the left lifting cylinder 3-1, and collects the cylinder displacement as the cylinder expands and contracts; the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3-4 uses a wire-drawing encoder, which is respectively fixed at the center of the mounting shafts at both ends of the right lifting cylinder 3-2, and collects the cylinder displacement as the cylinder expands and contracts; the derrick inclination sensor 3-5 is installed in the middle section of the derrick. It is required that the zero-degree direction of the sensor faces the lower end of the derrick. When the derrick is lifted to the vertical state, the value measured by the derrick inclination sensor 3-5 is approximately 90° ± 0.5°; the audible and visual alarm 3-6 will give an alarm prompt when the displacements of the two lifting cylinders exceed the tolerance or the derrick angle exceeds the set value, reminding the operator to operate safely.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] Based on Embodiment 1, the adjustment control box 4 includes:

[0066] A power distribution unit 4-1, which supplies power to the entire adjustment control box; a command output module 4-2, which outputs control commands to the controlled solenoid valve; a data acquisition module 4-3, which acquires the displacement sensor signals of the left and right cylinders of the derrick; a data operation and processing module 4-4, which is the data processing unit of the entire pressure regulation and speed regulation system. It performs logical operations on the acquired analog signals and bus data signals, and then feeds back the final parameters to the display, and sends the signals to be output to the command output module 4-2; a No. 2 gateway 4-5, which is respectively connected to the derrick inclination sensor 3-5 and the network switch 4-7, and processes the can bus signal of the derrick inclination sensor 3-5 into a Modbus TCP / IP signal that can be recognized by the data operation and processing module 4-4; a signal transmitter 4-6, which is installed outside the adjustment control box 4 and faces the signal receiver 5-1. It is the signal transmitting end of the local area network bridge. The signals in the dangerous area are uniformly processed by the data operation and processing module 4-4. After signal processing, it is connected to the signal transmitter 4-6 through the network switch 4-7, and the data collected by the entire pressure regulation and speed regulation system is sent to the safety area display and monitoring unit 5 in the safety area through wireless signals, assisting the operator to operate the remote control 2-6 to lift the derrick; a network switch 4-7, which is the network switching single unit of the pressure regulation and speed regulation system, and transmits and relays signals of various different buses; a No. 1 gateway 4-8, which converts the signal of the J1939 protocol of the diesel engine ECU 1-1 into a Modbus RTU signal, and then the data operation and processing module 4-4 acquires the converted data.

[0067] As Figure 3As shown, the door components of the adjustment control box 4 include:

[0068] The power start switch 4-9 is installed on the cabinet door of the adjustment control box 4 and is the power supply switch for the entire cabinet, including two gears: ON and OFF; the displacement initial recording button 4-10, pressing this button, the system records the initial displacements of the two oil cylinders; the displacement initial recording indicator light 4-11, flashing represents that the initial displacements of the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 and the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 are being recorded. After flashing for 5s, it means that the system has completed the initial displacement recording of the two oil cylinders; the left lifting oil cylinder displacement sensor fault indicator light 4-12, lighting up represents a signal fault of the left lifting oil cylinder displacement sensor 3-3, which may be caused by a sensor body fault or a wiring fault and needs to be quickly checked; the right lifting oil cylinder displacement sensor fault indicator light 4-13, lighting up represents a signal fault of the right lifting oil cylinder displacement sensor 3-4, which may be caused by a sensor body fault or a wiring fault and needs to be quickly checked; the power start indicator light 4-14, lighting up represents that the entire control box has been powered; the angle initial recording button 4-15, pressing this button, the system records the data of the current inclination sensor as the horizontal initial position of the inclination sensor; the angle initial recording indicator light 4-16, flashing represents that the initial angle of the derrick inclination sensor 3-5 is being recorded. After flashing for 5s, it means that the system has completed the initial angle recording of the derrick inclination; the derrick inclination sensor fault indicator light 4-17, lighting up represents a signal fault of the derrick inclination sensor 3-5, which may be caused by a sensor body fault, a No. 2 gateway 4-5 fault, a wiring fault, etc. and needs to be quickly checked.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] Based on Embodiment 2, as Figure 2 shown, the safety area display and monitoring unit 5 includes:

[0071] The signal receiver 5-1 displays the signals of the dangerous area received through the wireless bridge in the safety area through wireless communication, such as in locations like the well team office or meeting room; the server host 5-2 installs professional data analysis software to parse the transmitted data and displays the parsed data or alarm signals through the display 5-3.

[0072] Next, a brief introduction is given to the components in the original hoisting system related to the system of the present invention:

[0073] The diesel generator set 1 mainly provides power for the entire system. It contains a diesel engine ECU 1-1 inside, which is the control brain of the diesel engine, stores signals such as the rotational speed, water temperature, and oil temperature of the diesel engine, and can transmit data externally through the bus protocol; the power generation system 1-2 mainly converts the kinetic energy of the output shaft of the diesel engine into electrical energy and transmits it outward to supply power to the entire system.

[0074] The hydraulic pumping unit 2-1 pumps hydraulic oil to each liquid supply unit through a hydraulic pump; the hydraulic system control box 2-2 is the control unit of the entire hydraulic system, which contains the power supply unit, emergency stop unit, etc. of the hydraulic system. The receiver of the remote controller 2-6 for operating the derrick lifting is also installed in this system control box; the remote controller 2-6 is the input terminal for operating the telescopic derrick cylinder, and the operator can operate in a safe area far from the derrick.

[0075] The left lifting cylinder 3-1 is supplied with oil through the left regulating valve 2-4. The upper fixed end of the cylinder is connected to the ear plate support welded on the left side of the derrick, and the lower fixed end of the cylinder is connected to the ear plate support welded on the left side of the plinth. When the cylinder extends, the lower support fixed end remains stationary and the rod cavity extends; the right lifting cylinder 3-2 is supplied with oil through the right regulating valve 2-5. The upper fixed end of the cylinder is connected to the ear plate support welded on the right side of the derrick, and the lower fixed end of the cylinder is connected to the ear plate support welded on the right side of the plinth. When the cylinder extends, the lower support fixed end remains stationary and the rod cavity extends. When the left lifting cylinder 3-1 and the right lifting cylinder 3-2 extend simultaneously, they push the derrick to rotate around the rotation axis installed on the derrick base from the horizontal state until the vertical state.

[0076] The pressure regulating and speed regulating system of the derrick lifting cylinder of the present invention needs to be integrated with the original lifting system. The specific construction steps are as follows:

[0077] Step 1: Add a pressure reducing valve 2-3 between the original hydraulic pumping unit 2-1 and the left lifting cylinder 3-1 and the right lifting cylinder 3-2, add a left regulating valve 2-4 between the pressure reducing valve 2-3 and the left lifting cylinder 3-1, and add a right regulating valve 2-5 between the pressure reducing valve 2-3 and the right lifting cylinder 3-2;

[0078] Step 2: Install and fix the adjustment control box 4 beside the hydraulic system control box 2-2;

[0079] Step 3: After the construction of the three valve blocks in Step 1 is completed in the hydraulic circuit, connect the electrical control cables of the three valve blocks to the command output module 4-2 of the adjustment control box 4, and connect them to the three AO1, AO2, and AO3 points of this module respectively;

[0080] Step 4: Connect the bus signal output end of the diesel engine ECU 1-1 to the No. 1 gateway 4-8;

[0081] Step 5: Connect the network signal output port of the hydraulic system control box 2-2 to the network switch 4-7 through a network cable;

[0082] Step 6: Connect the 4 - 20mA displacement signal collected by the left lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3 - 3 to the AI1 point of the data acquisition module 4 - 3; connect the 4 - 20mA displacement signal collected by the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3 - 4 to the AI2 point of the data acquisition module 4 - 3.

[0083] At this time, the hardware transformation of the pressure regulation and speed regulation system for the oil cylinder - lifted drill rig is all completed.

[0084] According to the content of the hardware transformation and combined with the lifting process of the hydraulic - lifted drill rig, the entire lifting process is described as follows:

[0085] Step 1: Start the diesel - generator set 1. After starting, the hydraulic system 2 is powered on. The power - on indicator light of the hydraulic system control box 2 - 2 flashes, indicating that the system is self - checking. After flashing for 20s, it remains on, indicating the end of self - checking. Then the hydraulic pumping unit 2 - 1 starts. Observe that the liquid level of the hydraulic station is normal, the system pressure gauge shows a pressure of P set ±0.5Mpa is normal, the oil temperature gauge shows normal temperature, and there are no other abnormalities in the hydraulic pump. The hydraulic system 2 is ready to start.

[0086] Power on the regulation control box 4 through the power generation system 1 - 2. Turn the power - on switch 4 - 9 on the cabinet door of the regulation control box 4 to the ON position. The system is powered on. The power - on indicator light 4 - 14 of the control box flashes, indicating that the system is self - checking. After flashing for 20s, it remains on, indicating the end of self - checking. The pressure regulation and speed regulation system is ready to start. At this time, the oil cylinder of the regulation control box 4 is in the retracted state. Operate the displacement initial recording button 4 - 10 on the cabinet door to record the displacement data collected by the current left lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3 - 3 as L - L int and the displacement data collected by the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor 3 - 4 as L - R int The displacement initial recording indicator light 4 - 11 flashes for 5s, indicating the end of recording. Operate the angle initial recording button 4 - 15 on the cabinet door to record the current inclination angle θ int which is the initial value of the installed derrick inclination sensor 3 - 5. The angle initial recording indicator light 4 - 16 flashes for 5s, indicating the end of recording.

[0087] Step 2: After step 1 is completed, the operator leaves the dangerous area near the derrick and comes to the safe area. The following information can be viewed through the display 5 - 3: the rotation speed, power, liquid level, output voltage, current, system alarm and other states of the diesel engine; the oil temperature of the hydraulic system, the operating state of the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic oil level feedback by the hydraulic system 2; the left lifting cylinder displacement, right lifting cylinder displacement, derrick inclination angle, displacement difference, output opening of the pressure reducing valve 2 - 3, output opening of the left regulating valve 2 - 4, and output opening of the right regulating valve 2 - 5 feedback by the pressure regulation and speed regulation system.

[0088] Step 3: After completing Step 2 and the operator observes that there is no fault information in the entire system, start operating the remote control 2-6 to conduct the first round of hoisting test: Press the oil cylinder extension handle, the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 extends, the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 extends, and the oil cylinders drive the entire derrick to lift. Observe the actual inclination angle of the derrick in the display 5-3 and record it as θ act1 , set the difference between the actual derrick angle and the initial derrick angle as Δθ test1 =θ act1 —θ int , then when Δθ test1 =5°, release the oil cylinder extension handle. At this time, the upper end of the derrick has left the support frame. Record the current displacement value of the left lifting oil cylinder as L-L test1-0 , record the displacement value of the right lifting oil cylinder as L-R test1-0 , and maintain this state for 3 minutes. During the pressure holding process, observe whether there is any obvious shaking, interference or noise in the entire derrick state. If so, immediately stop the current equipment operation, perform timely maintenance, and then perform the operation after the maintenance is completed. After 3 minutes, record the displacement value of the left lifting oil cylinder as L-L test1-1 , record the displacement value of the right lifting oil cylinder as L-R test1-1 , calculate the difference before and after pressure holding of the left lifting oil cylinder ΔL-L test1 =L-L test1-1 —L-L test1-0 , calculate the difference before and after pressure holding of the right lifting oil cylinder ΔL-R test1 =L-R test1-1 —L-R test1-0 . At this time, press the oil cylinder retraction handle of the remote control 2-6, then the left lifting oil cylinder and the right lifting oil cylinder retract, and the top of the derrick follows the retraction of the oil cylinders and falls at the same time, leaning on the support frame. At this time, release the oil cylinder retraction handle and observe for 3 minutes. During the observation process, observe whether there is any obvious shaking, interference or noise in the entire derrick state. If so, immediately stop the current equipment operation, perform timely maintenance, and then perform the operation after the maintenance is completed. At this time, the first hoisting preparation process ends. Continue to conduct two rounds of hoisting tests, record the values after lifting and after pressure holding of the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 in the second round of test, and calculate the difference before and after pressure holding of the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 ΔL-L test2 =L-L test2-1 —L-L test2-0 , record the values after lifting and after pressure holding of the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 in the second round of test, and calculate the difference before and after pressure holding of the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 ΔL-R test2 =L-R test2-1 —L-R test2-0 . Record the values after lifting and after pressure holding of the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 in the third round of test, and calculate the difference before and after pressure holding of the left lifting oil cylinder ΔL-L test3 =L-Ltest3-1 —L-L test3-0 Record the lifted value and the pressure-holding value of the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 in the third-round test, and calculate the difference ΔL-R before and after pressure-holding of the right lifting oil cylinder test3 = L-R test3-1 —L-R test3-0 . Check on the display 5-3. When ΔL-L test1 ≤2mm, ΔL-R test1 ≤2mm, ΔL-L test2 ≤2mm, ΔL-R test2 ≤2mm, ΔL-L test3 ≤2mm and ΔL-R test3 ≤2mm, it is considered that there is no fault in the oil cylinder lifting system of the derrick. If the above conditions are not met, it is required to check the installation clearance of the mechanical structure, check the hydraulic system 2. After the inspection, conduct the test again according to the above three rounds until the above conditions are met before preparation can be made.

[0089] Step 4. Record the actual angle θ feedback by the derrick inclination sensor 3-5 act , then the relative true angle of the derrick is Δθ real = θ act -θ int , when Δθ real ≤80°, the pressure of the entire lifting system is the same as the outlet pressure of the hydraulic pumping unit 2-1. Therefore, the pressure reducing valve 2-3 does not participate in controlling the pressure reduction. Press the oil cylinder extension handle of the remote control 2-6, and the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 and the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 extend simultaneously. The system respectively records the value of the displacement sensor 3-3 of the left lifting oil cylinder as L-L act , record the value of the displacement sensor 3-4 of the right lifting oil cylinder as L-R act , calculate the relative displacement length of the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 as the actual displacement minus the initial displacement, ΔL-L act = L-L act —L-L int , calculate the relative displacement length of the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 as the actual displacement minus the initial displacement, ΔL-R act = L-R act —L-R int , set the alarm value of the displacement difference of the two oil cylinders as ΔL alarm , the relative displacement difference of the two oil cylinders is ΔL ACT = |ΔL-L act -ΔL-R act |. Compare the mathematical relationship between the relative displacement difference ΔL of the two oil cylinders ACT and the alarm value of the displacement difference ΔL alarm , which can be divided into the following three cases. Case 1: When the relative displacement difference ΔL of the two oil cylindersACT Less than half of the out-of-tolerance alarm value ΔL alarm When it is less than half of the out-of-tolerance alarm value ΔL, it is considered that the difference in the extended lengths of the two oil cylinders will not affect the deformation of the derrick and meets the safety range. At this time, the opening degrees of both regulating valves are 100%, that is, when ΔL ACT ≤ΔL alarm / 2, the data operation and processing module 4-4 instructs the instruction output module 4-2 according to the calculation requirements to control the opening degree of the left regulating valve 2-4 that controls the flow rate of the left lifting oil cylinder 3-1 to be 100%, and the data operation and processing module 4-4 instructs the instruction output module 4-2 according to the calculation requirements to control the opening degree of the right regulating valve 2-5 that controls the flow rate of the right lifting oil cylinder 3-2 to be 100%. Case 2: When the relative displacement difference ΔL of the two oil cylinders ACT is greater than half of the out-of-tolerance alarm value ΔL alarm and less than 1.5 times the out-of-tolerance alarm value ΔL alarm , it is considered that the difference in the extended lengths of the two oil cylinders is within the adjustable range and will not affect the deformation of the derrick and meets the safety range. However, at this time, the opening degrees of the two regulating valves need to be adjusted, that is, when ΔL alarm / 2≤ΔL ACT ≤1.5×ΔL alarm When it is within this range, the data operation and processing module 4-4 instructs the instruction output module 4-2 according to the calculation requirements to keep the opening degree of the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a smaller relative displacement length at 100%, and control the opening degree of the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a larger relative displacement length to be reduced according to a ratio, that is, the opening degree is [1 - (ΔL ACT -ΔL alarm / 2) / ΔL alarm ×100%. Case 3: When the relative displacement difference ΔL of the two oil cylinders ACT is greater than 1.5 times the out-of-tolerance alarm value ΔL alarm , it is considered that the difference in the extended lengths of the two oil cylinders will affect the deformation of the derrick and does not meet the safety range. Therefore, the data operation and processing module 4-4 instructs the instruction output module 4-2 according to the calculation requirements to keep the opening degree of the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a smaller relative displacement length at 100%, and directly close the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a larger relative displacement length, that is, the opening degree is 0%, so that the relative displacement difference ΔL of the two oil cylinders ACT is reduced as soon as possible. At the same time, the instruction output module 4-2 sends a high-level signal to the sound and light alarm 3-6, and the sound and light alarm 3-6 emits an alarm sound and flashes, reminding the operator to operate carefully. Then observe the sensor value feedback of the two oil cylinders. When the relative displacement difference ΔL of the two oil cylinders ACT ≤ΔL alarm / 2, the system can return to the processing method of Case 1.

[0090] Step 5. When the relative true angle of the derrick is Δθ realWhen it is >80°: The instruction output module 4-2 sends a high-level signal to the audible and visual alarm 3-6. The audible and visual alarm 3-6 emits an alarm sound and the Venus light flashes, reminding the operator to operate carefully. The data operation and processing module 4-4 sends a command to reduce the valve core opening of the pressure reducing valve 2-3 through the AQ1 contact of the instruction output module 4-2 to reduce the pressure. At this time, the pressure at the output end of the pressure reducing valve 2-3 is 0.5 times the pressure at the input end. Therefore, the pressure reaching the left lifting cylinder 3-1 through the left regulating valve 2-4 is 0.5P set ±0.5, and the pressure reaching the right lifting cylinder 3-2 through the right regulating valve 2-5 is 0.5P set ±0.5, achieving the purpose of pressure reduction. The data operation and processing module 4-4 will adjust the opening of the left regulating valve 2-4 to 30% and the opening of the right regulating valve 2-5 to 30% through the instruction output module 4-2, meeting the purpose of the cylinder extending slowly at this angle and ensuring the safety of lifting.

[0091] Step 6: When the relative true angle of the derrick is Δθ real ≤90.5° and Δθ real ≥89.5°, at this time the system believes that the derrick has reached the vertical state. Even if the cylinder extension handle of the remote controller 2-6 is not released, in order to protect the equipment, the system will cut off the oil supply circuits of the left lifting cylinder 3-1 and the right lifting cylinder 3-2. The data operation and processing module 4-4 sends a closing signal to the left regulating valve 2-4 and the right regulating valve 2-5. At this time, the left regulating valve 2-4 and the right regulating valve 2-5 are closed, the oil supply circuits of the pressure reducing valve 2-3 and the left lifting cylinder 3-1 are disconnected, and the oil supply circuits of the pressure reducing valve 2-3 and the right lifting cylinder 3-2 are disconnected. Then the left lifting cylinder 3-1 and the right lifting cylinder 3-2 stop extending.

[0092] Step 7: Release the cylinder extension handle of the remote controller 2-6. The worker goes to the drill floor to check the second group of pin holes and the pin holes of the derrick. If the two pin holes are aligned, insert the second group of pins into the pin holes of the derrick and the drill floor. At this time, the derrick lifting is completed. If the second group of pin holes and the pin holes of the derrick are not aligned, fine-tune through the handle of the remote controller 2-6 until they are aligned, insert the pins, and complete the derrick lifting.

[0093] Step 8: After completing the lifting, turn off the diesel generator set to cut off the power supply to the entire system, and perform multiple pressure relief operations on the entire hydraulic system. Observe that the pressure gauge of the hydraulic pumping unit hydraulic system returns to zero. At this time, the entire lifting process is completely over.

Claims

1. The pressure regulating and speed regulating system of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig, characterized in that, It includes a hydraulic system (2), a derrick area (3), an adjustment control box (4), and a safety area display and monitoring unit (5); the adjustment control box (4) is connected to the hydraulic system (2), the derrick area (3), and the diesel generator set (1) of the original hoisting system through lines, the hydraulic system (2) is connected to the diesel generator set (1) and the derrick area (3) through lines; the diesel generator set (1) provides power for the entire system, the derrick area (3) measures the derrick tilt angle and the cylinder displacement, and transmits the measurement results to the adjustment control box (4), and the adjustment control box (4) issues an instruction to the hydraulic system (2) to reduce the system pressure according to the measurement results, and the safety area display and monitoring unit (5) is used to display the parameters of the system for the operator to view.

2. The pressure regulating and speed regulating system of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig derrick according to claim 1, wherein, The hydraulic system (2) includes a pressure reducing valve (2-3), a left regulating valve (2-4), and a right regulating valve (2-5), and all three valve blocks are connected to the components of the original hoisting system. The specific connection method is as follows: The hydraulic input end of the pressure reducing valve (2-3) is the hydraulic pumping unit (2-1), and the output end is connected to the left regulating valve (2-4) and the right regulating valve (2-5); the hydraulic input end of the left regulating valve (2-4) is connected to the pressure reducing valve (2-3), and the output end is connected to the left lifting cylinder (3-1); the hydraulic input end of the right regulating valve (2-5) is connected to the pressure reducing valve (2-3), and the output end is connected to the right lifting cylinder (3-2); the electrical control parts of the pressure reducing valve (2-3), the left regulating valve (2-4), and the right regulating valve (2-5) are all connected to the adjustment control box (4).

3. The pressure regulating and speed regulating system of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of the drill rig derrick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The derrick area (3) includes a left lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-3), a right lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-4), a derrick inclination sensor (3-5), and an audible and visual alarm (3-6). The specific structure and connection method of the components are as follows: The left lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-3) uses a wire-drawing encoder, which is respectively fixed at the center of the mounting shafts at both ends of the left lifting cylinder (3-1), and collects the cylinder displacement as the cylinder expands and contracts. The right lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-4) uses a wire-drawing encoder, which is respectively fixed at the center of the mounting shafts at both ends of the right lifting cylinder (3-2), and collects the cylinder displacement as the cylinder expands and contracts. The derrick inclination sensor (3-5) is installed in the middle section of the derrick, and the zero-degree direction of the sensor faces the lower end of the derrick. The audible and visual alarm (3-6) will give an alarm prompt when the two lifting cylinders exceed the tolerance or the derrick angle exceeds the set value.

4. The pressure regulating and speed regulating system of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of the drill rig derrick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety area display and monitoring unit (5) includes: A signal receiver (5-1) that displays the received signals in the dangerous area through wireless communication in the safety area; a server host (5-2) that installs professional data analysis software, analyzes the transmitted data, and displays the analyzed data or alarm signals through a display (5-3).

5. The pressure regulating and speed regulating system for the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig derrick according to claim 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, The adjustment control box (4) includes: A power distribution unit (4-1) that supplies power to the entire adjustment control box; The instruction output module (4-2) is connected to the electrical control parts of the pressure reducing valve (2-3), the left regulating valve (2-4) and the right regulating valve (2-5), and outputs control instructions to the controlled solenoid valve; The data acquisition module (4-3) respectively acquires the displacement sensor signals of the left lifting cylinder (3-1) and the right lifting cylinder (3-2) through the left lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-3) and the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-4); The data operation and processing module (4-4) is the data processing unit of the entire pressure regulating and speed regulating system. It performs logical operations on the acquired analog signal and bus data signal, and then feeds back the final parameters to the display (5-3), and sends the signal to be output to the instruction output module (4-2); The network switch (4-7) is the network switching single unit of the pressure regulating and speed regulating system, and transmits and transfers signals of various different buses; The No. 1 gateway (4-8) converts the signal of the J1939 protocol of the diesel engine ECU (1-1) of the original hoisting system into a Modbus RTU signal, and then the data operation and processing module (4-4) acquires the converted data; The No. 2 gateway (4-5) is respectively connected to the derrick inclination sensor (3-5) and the network switch (4-7), and processes the can bus signal of the derrick inclination sensor (3-5) into a Modbus TCP / IP signal that can be recognized by the data operation and processing module (4-4); The signal transmitter (4-6) is installed on the outside of the adjustment control box (4) and faces the signal receiver (5-1). It is the signal transmitting end of the local area network bridge. After the signals in the dangerous area are uniformly processed by the data operation and processing module (4-4), they are connected to the signal transmitter (4-6) through the network switch (4-7), and the data collected by the entire pressure regulating and speed regulating system is sent to the safety area display and monitoring unit (5) in the safety area through wireless signals to assist the operator in hoisting the derrick.

6. The pressure regulating and speed regulating system of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig derrick according to claim 5, characterized in that, The door elements of the adjustment control box (4) include: The power start switch (4-9) is the power supply switch of the entire cabinet; The displacement initial recording button (4-10) is used to control the system to record the initial displacements of the two cylinders; The displacement initial recording indicator light (4-11) is used to indicate whether the system is recording the initial displacements of the left lifting cylinder (3-1) and the right lifting cylinder (3-2); The left lifting cylinder displacement sensor fault indicator light (4-12) is used to indicate whether the left lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-3) fails; The right lifting cylinder displacement sensor fault indicator light (4-13) is used to indicate whether the right lifting cylinder displacement sensor (3-4) fails; The power start indicator light (4-14) is used to indicate whether the entire control box is in the power supply state; The angle initial recording button (4-15) is used to control the system to record the current data of the inclination sensor as the horizontal initial position of the inclination sensor; The angle initial recording indicator light (4-16) is used to indicate whether the system is recording the initial angle of the derrick inclination sensor (3-5); The derrick inclination sensor fault indicator (4 - 17) is used to indicate whether the derrick inclination sensor (3 - 5) has a fault.

7. The pressure regulation and speed regulation method of the hoisting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig, characterized in that, Use the voltage regulating speed control system as described in claim 5, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Start the diesel generator set (1) to supply power to the hydraulic system (2) and the adjustment control box (4). The system conducts self - inspection and starts up ready. Check the system parameters and conduct a hoisting test to ensure that the entire system is fault - free. Step 2: Start to hoist the derrick. During the hoisting process, according to the relative true angle Δθ of the derrick real , adjust the valve core opening of the pressure reducing valve (2-3) and the openings of the left regulating valve (2-4) and the right regulating valve (2-5) to achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressure and hoisting speed of the lifting system; Step 3: After the derrick reaches the vertical state, insert the second set of pin shafts into the pin holes of the derrick and the drill floor, and then shut down the diesel generator set to cut off power to the entire system. The derrick hoisting is completed.

8. The pressure regulating and speed regulating method of the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig derrick according to claim 7, characterized in that, During the voltage regulation speed control process in Step 2, when the relative true angle Δθ of the derrick real ≤ 80°, the pressure reducing valve (2-3) does not participate in the control of pressure reduction. The system adjusts the opening degrees of the left regulating valve (2-4) and the right regulating valve (2-5) according to the magnitude relationship between the relative displacement difference ΔL ACT of the left lifting cylinder (3-1) and the right lifting cylinder (3-2) and the displacement overrun alarm value ΔL alarm to reduce the relative displacement difference between the two cylinders. The specific adjustment methods are divided into the following three cases: (1) When ΔL ACT ≤ΔL alarm / 2, the data operation and processing module (4-4) issues an instruction to the instruction output module (4-2), and the instruction output module (4-2) controls the opening degrees of the left regulating valve (2-4) and the right regulating valve (2-5) to be both 100%; (2) When ΔL alarm / 2 ≤ ΔL ACT ≤ 1.5×ΔL alarm the data operation and processing module (4-4) issues an instruction to the instruction output module (4-2). The instruction output module (4-2) controls the regulating valve opening of the oil cylinder with a smaller relative displacement length to 100%, and controls the regulating valve opening of the oil cylinder with a larger relative displacement length to decrease according to a ratio, that is, the opening is [1 - (ΔL ACT - ΔL alarm / 2) / ΔL alarm × 100%; (3) When ΔL ACT ≥ 1.5 × ΔL alarm At this time, the data operation and processing module (4-4) issues an instruction to the instruction output module (4-2). The instruction output module (4-2) controls the opening degree of the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a smaller relative displacement length to be 100%, and directly closes the regulating valve of the oil cylinder with a larger relative displacement length, that is, the opening degree is 0%.

9. The pressure regulation and speed regulation method of the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig derrick according to claim 7, characterized in that, During the voltage regulation speed regulation process in Step 2, when the relative true angle Δθ of the derrick real > 80°, the data operation and processing module (4-4) issues an instruction to the instruction output module (4-2) to reduce the valve core opening of the pressure reducing valve (2-3) so that the pressure at the output end of the pressure reducing valve (2-3) is 0.5 times the pressure at the input end. At the same time, the opening degrees of the left regulating valve (2-4) and the right regulating valve (2-5) are both controlled to be 30%.

10. The pressure regulation and speed regulation method of the lifting hydraulic cylinder of the drilling rig derrick according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 3, when the relative true angle of the derrick is 89.5° ≤ Δθ real ≤ 90.5°, it is considered that the derrick reaches the vertical state. At this time, the system cuts off the oil supply circuits of the left lifting cylinder (3-1) and the right lifting cylinder (3-2), and closes the left regulating valve (2-4) and the right regulating valve (2-5).

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