Deep groove ball bearing clearance assembly error detection method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing detection, and particularly discloses a deep groove ball bearing clearance assembly error detection method and system.The method comprises the steps that dynamic parameters of a deep groove ball bearing in each assembly stage in the assembly process under preset assembly parameters are obtained, and the dynamic parameters comprise vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data and shaft diameter displacement; obtaining a dynamic clearance error value according to the plurality of continuous dynamic parameters; and obtaining stress gradient distribution data at a plurality of time nodes in each assembly stage according to the dynamic clearance error value. The deep groove ball bearing assembly quality evaluation and analysis method has remarkable beneficial effects in the aspects of deep groove ball bearing assembly quality evaluation and analysis. Through a series of closely associated steps, the actual state of the bearing is comprehensively and accurately reflected by comprehensively considering multiple parameters to accurately calculate local stress and judge the stress area from accurate judgment of a thermal-mechanical coupling stress area, obtaining of an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index and calculation of a total assembly error value and a clearance comprehensive evaluation index.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearing detection, and in particular to a method and system for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing. Background Art

[0002] In modern industrial production, as a widely used mechanical component, the assembly quality of a deep groove ball bearing directly affects the performance, reliability, and service life of mechanical equipment. However, there are many deficiencies in traditional bearing assembly quality assessment and detection methods.

[0003] For the assessment of assembly errors and clearances, existing methods lack the ability to comprehensively consider multiple factors and rely only on one or a few parameters for assessment, making it impossible to accurately quantify the impact of factors such as thermo-mechanical coupling stress and dynamic stability on bearing clearance and assembly quality. As a result, the assessment of the working state and performance of the bearing is inaccurate, making it difficult to formulate a reasonable maintenance plan and conduct effective quality control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing to solve the technical problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing includes:

[0007] Obtaining the dynamic parameters of the deep groove ball bearing at each assembly stage during the assembly process under preset assembly parameters, where the dynamic parameters include vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data, and shaft diameter displacement, and obtaining a dynamic clearance error value based on multiple consecutive dynamic parameters;

[0008] Obtaining the stress gradient distribution data at multiple time nodes for each assembly stage based on the dynamic clearance error value, and obtaining a thermo-mechanical coupling stress region based on each stress gradient distribution data;

[0009] Obtaining the displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount of the inner and outer rings of the bearing in each thermo-mechanical coupling stress region, and obtaining an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index based on each displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount;

[0010] Obtaining a corresponding assembly stress deviation value based on each external dynamic deformation comprehensive index, and obtaining a total assembly error value based on all the assembly stress deviation values;

[0011] Obtaining a clearance comprehensive evaluation index based on the total assembly error value;

[0012] Determine whether the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance is within a preset threshold range;

[0013] If the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance is greater than the upper limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-tight defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is reduced in real time according to the index;

[0014] If the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance is less than the lower limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-loose defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is increased in real time according to the index.

[0015] Preferably, the step of obtaining the dynamic clearance error value according to the multiple continuous dynamic parameters includes:

[0016] Obtain the contact vibration signal of the bearing raceway according to the vibration spectrum data;

[0017] Perform wavelet packet decomposition on the contact vibration signal to obtain the energy value of the characteristic frequency band;

[0018] Obtain the temperature gradient field of the bearing raceway;

[0019] Obtain the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway according to the temperature distribution data and the temperature gradient field;

[0020] Obtain the axial displacement deviation and the radial displacement deviation according to the shaft diameter displacement amount;

[0021] Obtain the dynamic clearance error value according to the axial displacement deviation, the radial displacement deviation, the energy value of the characteristic frequency band and the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway.

[0022] Preferably, the step of obtaining the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region according to each stress gradient distribution data includes:

[0023] Obtain the length value of the major semi-axis of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway;

[0024] Obtain the radius value of the bearing raceway;

[0025] Obtain the gradient distribution value according to the stress gradient distribution data;

[0026] Obtain the local stress value according to the length value of the major semi-axis of the contact ellipse, the radius value and the gradient distribution value;

[0027] Obtain the preset modified material yield strength value;

[0028] Obtain the local stress concentration value according to the preset modified material yield strength value and the local stress value;

[0029] Judge whether the local stress concentration value exceeds the critical threshold:

[0030] If it exceeds the threshold, mark it as the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region;

[0031] If it does not exceed the threshold, it is marked as a non-thermal-mechanical coupling stress area.

[0032] Preferably, the step of obtaining the comprehensive external dynamic deformation index according to each of the displacement deformation amount and the contact stress distribution amount includes:

[0033] Obtain the deformation time according to the displacement deformation amount;

[0034] Obtain the deformation rate according to the deformation time and the displacement deformation amount;

[0035] Perform spatial integration on the contact stress distribution amount to obtain the average contact stress value;

[0036] Obtain the comprehensive external dynamic deformation index according to the deformation rate and the average contact stress value.

[0037] Preferably, the step of obtaining the corresponding assembly stress deviation value according to each of the comprehensive external dynamic deformation indexes and obtaining the total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values includes:

[0038] Convert the comprehensive external dynamic deformation index through a fuzzy logic controller to obtain the deformation pressure adjustment amount;

[0039] Solve the defuzzification of the pressure adjustment amount by the centroid method to obtain the assembly stress deviation value;

[0040] Obtain the preset reference pressure value;

[0041] Obtain the concentricity deviation value between the bearing and the shaft hole, and obtain the alignment angle value according to the concentricity deviation value;

[0042] Obtain the total assembly error value according to the assembly stress deviation value, the alignment angle value, the bearing output pressure value, and the preset reference pressure value.

[0043] Preferably, the step of obtaining the clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the total assembly error value includes:

[0044] Perform normalization processing on the total assembly error value to obtain the processed total assembly error value;

[0045] Obtain the distribution density of the thermal-mechanical coupling stress area, and obtain the stress area coefficient according to the distribution density;

[0046] Obtain the characteristic frequency band energy value and the shaft diameter displacement amount, and obtain the dynamic stability coefficient according to the characteristic frequency band energy value and the shaft diameter displacement amount;

[0047] Obtain the clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the processed total assembly error value, the stress area coefficient, and the dynamic stability coefficient.

[0048] The present invention also provides a detection system for the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing, comprising:

[0049] A first acquisition module, configured to acquire the dynamic parameters of the deep groove ball bearing at each assembly stage during the assembly process under preset assembly parameters, wherein the dynamic parameters include vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data, and shaft diameter displacement, and acquire a dynamic clearance error value according to a plurality of the continuous dynamic parameters;

[0050] A second acquisition module, configured to acquire the stress gradient distribution data of each assembly stage at a plurality of time nodes according to the dynamic clearance error value, and acquire a thermo-mechanical coupling stress region according to each stress gradient distribution data;

[0051] A third acquisition module, configured to acquire the displacement deformation amount and the contact stress distribution amount of the inner and outer rings of the bearing in each thermo-mechanical coupling stress region, and acquire an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to each displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount;

[0052] A fourth acquisition module, configured to acquire a corresponding assembly stress deviation value according to each external dynamic deformation comprehensive index, and acquire a total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values;

[0053] A fifth acquisition module, configured to acquire a clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the total assembly error value;

[0054] A judgment module, configured to judge whether the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is within a preset threshold range;

[0055] If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is greater than the upper limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-tight defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is reduced in real time according to the index;

[0056] If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is less than the lower limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-loose defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is increased in real time according to the index.

[0057] Preferably, the first acquisition module includes:

[0058] A first acquisition unit, configured to acquire the contact vibration signal of the bearing raceway according to the vibration spectrum data;

[0059] A decomposition and extraction unit, configured to perform wavelet packet decomposition on the contact vibration signal to obtain the energy value of the characteristic frequency band;

[0060] A second acquisition unit, configured to acquire the temperature gradient field of the bearing raceway;

[0061] A third acquisition unit, configured to acquire the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway according to the temperature distribution data and the temperature gradient field;

[0062] A fourth acquisition unit, configured to acquire an axial displacement deviation and a radial displacement deviation according to the axial diameter displacement amount;

[0063] A first calculation unit, configured to acquire a dynamic clearance error value according to the axial displacement deviation, the radial displacement deviation, the characteristic frequency band energy value, and the raceway thermal expansion compensation amount.

[0064] Preferably, the second acquisition module includes:

[0065] A fourth acquisition unit, configured to acquire the length value of the major semi-axis of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway;

[0066] A fifth acquisition unit, configured to acquire the radius value of the bearing raceway;

[0067] A sixth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a gradient distribution value according to the stress gradient distribution data;

[0068] A seventh acquisition unit, configured to acquire a local stress value according to the length value of the major semi-axis of the contact ellipse, the radius value, and the gradient distribution value;

[0069] An eighth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a preset corrected material yield strength value;

[0070] A second calculation unit, configured to acquire a local stress concentration value according to the preset corrected material yield strength value and the local stress value;

[0071] A judgment unit, configured to judge whether the local stress concentration value exceeds a critical threshold:

[0072] If it exceeds the threshold, mark it as a thermo-mechanical coupling stress area;

[0073] If it does not exceed the threshold, mark it as a non-thermo-mechanical coupling stress area.

[0074] Preferably, the third acquisition module includes:

[0075] A ninth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a deformation time according to the displacement deformation amount;

[0076] A tenth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a deformation rate according to the deformation time and the displacement deformation amount;

[0077] An eleventh acquisition unit, configured to perform a spatial integration on the contact stress distribution amount to obtain an average contact stress value;

[0078] A third calculation unit, configured to acquire an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to the deformation rate and the average contact stress value.

[0079] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The present invention has significant beneficial effects in the evaluation and analysis of the assembly quality of deep groove ball bearings. Through a series of closely related steps, from accurately judging the thermo-mechanical coupling stress area, to obtaining the comprehensive index of external dynamic deformation, and then to calculating the total assembly error value and the comprehensive evaluation index of clearance, in stress analysis, multiple parameters are comprehensively considered to accurately calculate the local stress and judge the stress area, avoiding the deviation caused by incomplete consideration factors in traditional methods. In terms of deformation evaluation, multi-dimensional information such as displacement deformation and contact stress is combined to overcome the one-sidedness of traditional single-index evaluation and can timely detect abnormalities in the assembly process. For the evaluation of assembly error and clearance, methods such as fuzzy logic and normalization processing are introduced, and multiple factors such as thermo-mechanical coupling stress and dynamic stability are comprehensively considered to comprehensively and accurately reflect the actual state of the bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0080] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0081] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0082] The realization, functional characteristics, and advantages of the purpose of this application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0083] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0084] As Figure 1 shown, this application provides a method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing, including:

[0085] S1. Obtain the dynamic parameters of the deep groove ball bearing at each assembly stage during the assembly process under the preset assembly parameters, where the dynamic parameters include vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data, and shaft diameter displacement, and obtain the dynamic clearance error value according to a plurality of the continuous dynamic parameters;

[0086] S2. Obtain the stress gradient distribution data at multiple time nodes of each assembly stage according to the dynamic clearance error value, and obtain the thermo-mechanical coupling stress area according to each stress gradient distribution data;

[0087] S3. Obtain the displacement deformation amount and the contact stress distribution amount of the inner and outer rings of the bearing in each thermo-mechanical coupling stress area, and obtain the comprehensive index of external dynamic deformation according to each displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount;

[0088] S4. Obtain the corresponding assembly stress deviation value according to each comprehensive index of external dynamic deformation, and obtain the total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values;

[0089] S5. Obtain a comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance according to the total assembly error value;

[0090] S6. Determine whether the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance is within a preset threshold range;

[0091] If the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance is greater than the upper limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-tight defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is reduced in real time according to the index;

[0092] If the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance is less than the lower limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-loose defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is increased in real time according to the index.

[0093] As described in the above steps S1 - S6, the present invention calculates the dynamic clearance error value by obtaining dynamic parameters such as vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data, and shaft diameter displacement. Specifically, relevant data is collected by sensors. The contact vibration signal is obtained from the vibration spectrum data and decomposed to obtain the characteristic frequency band energy value. At the same time, the temperature gradient field is obtained to calculate the raceway thermal expansion compensation amount. The axial and radial displacement deviations are obtained based on the shaft diameter displacement, and then the dynamic clearance error value is comprehensively calculated. This step realizes the real-time and accurate monitoring of the dynamic change of the bearing clearance during the assembly process, provides a key data basis for subsequent analysis, and solves the problems that traditional static detection cannot monitor the clearance change in real time and single-parameter detection is inaccurate. Then, based on the dynamic clearance error value obtained in step S1, step S2 obtains the stress gradient distribution data and determines the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region. In this process, combining structural parameters such as the major semi-axis length value and radius value of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway, the gradient distribution value is calculated according to the stress gradient distribution data to obtain the local stress value, and then the local stress concentration value is calculated by combining the preset modified material yield strength value. By comparing with the critical threshold, the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region and the non-thermo-mechanical coupling stress region are marked, which can deeply analyze the region and degree of stress concentration during the bearing assembly process, solve the problem that it is difficult to accurately judge the position and size of stress concentration in the past, and provide a key basis for evaluating the reliability and stability of the bearing. Then, through the determined thermo-mechanical coupling stress region, the displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount of the inner and outer rings of the bearing are obtained, and then the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index is calculated. First, the deformation time is determined according to the displacement deformation amount, and the deformation rate is calculated. At the same time, the spatial integral of the contact stress distribution amount is performed to obtain the average contact stress value. Finally, the deformation rate and the average contact stress value are combined to obtain the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index. This index comprehensively considers the deformation and stress factors and more intuitively reflects the actual deformation and stress conditions of the bearing during the assembly process, solving the defect that it is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the deformation and stress conditions of the bearing by traditional methods. After obtaining the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index, the assembly stress deviation value and the total assembly error value are obtained through the index. The deformation pressure adjustment amount is obtained by converting the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index through a fuzzy logic controller, and then the assembly stress deviation value is obtained by defuzzifying with the centroid method. At the same time, the preset reference pressure value, the concentricity deviation value between the bearing and the shaft hole, and the alignment angle value are obtained, and the total assembly error value is calculated by comprehensively considering these data. This step considers the uncertainty and complexity during the assembly process and more accurately evaluates the influence of the assembly stress deviation on the total assembly error, solving the problems that traditional methods cannot effectively handle uncertainty factors and it is difficult to accurately calculate the assembly stress deviation and the total assembly error value. Subsequently, the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is obtained according to the obtained total assembly error value.First, normalize the total assembly error value, then obtain the distribution density of the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region to calculate the stress region coefficient. At the same time, calculate the dynamic stability coefficient by combining the characteristic frequency band energy value and the shaft diameter displacement. Finally, combine the processed total assembly error value, stress region coefficient, and dynamic stability coefficient to obtain the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance. This index comprehensively evaluates the assembly quality of the bearing clearance from multiple perspectives, solving the problem that traditional clearance evaluation methods only consider single or a few factors and cannot fully reflect the actual assembly quality. Finally, adjust the assembly pressure according to the comparison result between the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance obtained in step S5 and the preset threshold interval. If the comprehensive evaluation index of the clearance is greater than the upper limit value of the preset threshold interval, it is determined that there is an over-tight defect, and the assembly pressure is reduced in real time; if it is less than the lower limit value, it is determined that there is an over-loose defect, and the assembly pressure is increased in real time. Through this real-time feedback and adjustment mechanism, closed-loop control of the assembly process is achieved, assembly deviations are corrected in a timely manner, the assembly quality of the bearing is ensured, production efficiency is improved, the scrap rate is reduced, and the problem that the traditional assembly process lacks a real-time feedback and adjustment mechanism, resulting in a large number of unqualified products, is solved.

[0094] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the dynamic clearance error value according to the plurality of continuous dynamic parameters includes:

[0095] S101. Obtain the contact vibration signal of the bearing raceway according to the vibration spectrum data;

[0096] S102. Perform wavelet packet decomposition on the contact vibration signal to obtain the characteristic frequency band energy value;

[0097] S103. Obtain the temperature gradient field of the bearing raceway;

[0098] S104. Obtain the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway according to the temperature distribution data and the temperature gradient field;

[0099] S105. Obtain the axial displacement deviation and the radial displacement deviation according to the shaft diameter displacement;

[0100] S106. Obtain the dynamic clearance error value according to the axial displacement deviation, the radial displacement deviation, the characteristic frequency band energy value, and the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway.

[0101] As described in the above steps S101 - S106, the present invention acquires vibration spectrum data, and then obtains the contact vibration signal of the bearing raceway from it. This signal can reflect the contact situation between the rolling elements and the raceway inside the bearing in real time, providing key original data for subsequent analysis. Then, wavelet packet decomposition is performed on the acquired contact vibration signal. By selecting appropriate wavelet basis functions and decomposition levels, the signal is subdivided into different frequency bands, and the energy values of each characteristic frequency band are calculated. These energy values can accurately locate the operating states and fault characteristics of different components of the bearing. Compared with traditional spectrum analysis, they can more accurately judge bearing faults. After that, a non-contact temperature measurement technology such as an infrared thermal imager is used to obtain the temperature gradient field of the bearing raceway. This temperature gradient field can visually present the heat distribution during bearing assembly, reflect the internal friction, heat transfer, and assembly stress conditions, and help discover potential problems to ensure the assembly quality and service life of the bearing. Based on this, combining the temperature distribution data, the temperature gradient field, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the bearing material, the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway is calculated through a mathematical model. The acquisition of this compensation amount is crucial as it can ensure that the bearing clearance is always within an appropriate range at different operating temperatures, optimize the assembly process, improve the working performance and stability of the bearing. At the same time, by installing high-precision displacement sensors such as laser displacement sensors or capacitive displacement sensors, the shaft diameter displacement is monitored in real time, and the axial displacement deviation and radial displacement deviation are calculated using algorithms. These deviations can accurately evaluate the assembly accuracy between the bearing and the shaft, discover assembly problems in a timely manner and make adjustments to ensure the normal operation of the bearing. Finally, the energy values of the characteristic frequency bands obtained, the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway obtained in S104, and the axial and radial displacement deviations obtained in S105 are integrated. A comprehensive mathematical model is established, and combined calculations are performed according to the weights of the influence of each parameter on the clearance to obtain the dynamic clearance error value. Once this error value exceeds the allowable range, the reasons are analyzed based on the contribution sizes of each parameter, and the assembly process is adjusted accordingly, such as repositioning the shaft or optimizing the thermal expansion compensation measures, to ensure that the clearance of the bearing after assembly meets the design requirements and improve the assembly quality and equipment operation performance.

[0102] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region according to each of the stress gradient distribution data includes:

[0103] S201. Obtain the value of the major semi-axis length of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway;

[0104] S202. Obtain the radius value of the bearing raceway;

[0105] S203. Obtain the gradient distribution value according to the stress gradient distribution data;

[0106] S204. Obtain the local stress value according to the major semi-axis length value of the contact ellipse, the radius value, and the gradient distribution value;

[0107] S205, obtaining a preset modified material yield strength value;

[0108] S206, obtaining a local stress concentration value according to the preset corrected material yield strength value and the local stress value;

[0109] S207, judging whether the local stress concentration value exceeds a critical threshold:

[0110] If the threshold is exceeded, it is marked as a thermal-mechanical coupling stress area;

[0111] If the threshold is not exceeded, it is marked as a non-thermal-mechanical coupling stress area.

[0112] As described in the above steps S201-S207, the present invention obtains the long semi-axis length value of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway, and the value can be accurately obtained by theoretical calculation or by using high-precision measuring equipment, such as an optical microscope, a three-dimensional laser scanning measuring instrument, etc. It can reflect the characteristics of the bearing contact area, provide important data for evaluating the bearing load capacity and fatigue life, and solve the problem that the traditional method ignores this parameter or estimates it inaccurately, resulting in large deviations in stress calculation, which affects the reliability of equipment design. Then, the radius value of the bearing raceway is obtained, which together with the long semi-axis length value of the contact ellipse determines the geometric shape and size of the contact area. With the help of tools such as a three-coordinate measuring instrument or a radius gauge, the average value is measured at multiple positions to ensure the measurement accuracy. The accurate radius value can improve the accuracy of stress calculation, and its change can also reflect the wear of the bearing, solving the problem that the traditional detection means are not accurate enough, which easily leads to stress calculation deviations and misjudgment of the remaining life of the bearing. Then, the gradient distribution value is obtained based on the stress gradient distribution data. Strain gauges and stress sensors are used to collect data, and the gradient distribution value is extracted through signal processing algorithms to intuitively present the trend and degree of stress changes on the bearing raceway, helping to identify potential fault areas with drastic stress changes. This solves the problem that traditional methods ignore stress gradient changes and easily miss hidden dangers of bearing failure. Subsequently, the local stress value is calculated by combining the contact ellipse major axis length value, radius value and gradient distribution value. The calculation formula is:

[0113]

[0114] Among them, σ(Z) represents the local stress value, a represents the length value of the major semi-axis of the contact ellipse, r represents the radius value, and F represents the gradient distribution value. Based on the theories of elasticity and contact mechanics, using methods such as Hertz contact theory combined with finite element analysis, substituting each parameter into the calculation model, and considering the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc. of the material, a more realistic local stress value is obtained, solving the problem that the traditional local stress calculation method has a large deviation in results due to incomplete consideration of factors, affecting the judgment of bearing performance and the design and selection. After that, a preset corrected material yield strength value is obtained. Since the actual bearing material is affected by factors such as manufacturing process and use environment, there is a difference between its actual yield strength and the theoretical value. By simulating tests in the laboratory, referring to the actual performance changes of similar materials, and non-destructively detecting and evaluating the performance of the bearing material during use, a preset corrected material yield strength value that is more in line with the actual working conditions is obtained, solving the problem that directly using the theoretical value will misjudge the stress state and failure risk of the bearing. Then, according to the preset corrected material yield strength value and the local stress value, the local stress concentration value is obtained. Using the calculation method of the stress concentration coefficient, dividing the local stress value by the preset corrected material yield strength value to obtain the stress concentration coefficient, so as to intuitively evaluate the stress concentration degree of the bearing and judge whether the bearing is in a safe working state, solving the problem that only considering the local stress value cannot judge whether the bearing will fail. Finally, it is judged whether the local stress concentration value exceeds the critical threshold. If it exceeds, it is marked as the thermo-mechanical coupling stress area; if it does not exceed, it is marked as the non-thermo-mechanical coupling stress area. Through this judgment, the stress concentration area of the bearing can be accurately determined, providing a key basis for subsequent bearing design optimization, fault diagnosis, and life prediction.

[0115] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to each of the displacement deformation amounts and the contact stress distribution amounts includes:

[0116] S301. Obtain the deformation time according to the displacement deformation amount;

[0117] S302. Obtain the deformation rate according to the deformation time and the displacement deformation amount;

[0118] S303. Perform a spatial integration on the contact stress distribution amount to obtain an average contact stress value;

[0119] S304. Obtain the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to the deformation rate and the average contact stress value.

[0120] As described in the above steps S301 - S304, the present invention obtains the deformation time based on the displacement deformation amount. At the assembly site, a high-precision displacement sensor is used to monitor the bearing displacement deformation in real time, and the data acquisition system collects signals at a fixed frequency. By analyzing the displacement deformation amount data, the start and end times of its obvious change are determined, and the difference between the two is the deformation time. This step records the time history of the deformation, provides a time reference for analyzing the cause of the deformation and its correlation with other parameters, and solves the problem that the traditional method only focuses on the final deformation result, cannot determine the starting and developing process of the deformation, and is difficult to improve the assembly process targeted. Then, the deformation rate is obtained based on the deformation time and the displacement deformation amount, and the calculation formula is:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, V(t) represents the deformation rate, Δx represents the axial displacement deviation, Δy represents the radial displacement deviation, and Δt represents the deformation time. According to the definition of the deformation rate, it is calculated by dividing the change amount of the displacement deformation amount by the deformation time. To more accurately reflect the deformation process, a small time interval can be used for calculation and a change curve can be formed. The deformation rate can intuitively reflect the severity of the bearing deformation, timely detect abnormal external force impacts or unstable conditions during assembly, and avoid potential problems caused by ignoring abnormal deformation rates, such as damage to the internal structure of the bearing affecting its service life, making up for the defect that the traditional detection method cannot evaluate the severity of the deformation. Then, the average contact stress value is obtained by performing a spatial integration on the contact stress distribution amount. During assembly, a stress sensor array is used to collect stress data at each position on the bearing contact surface, and then methods such as analytical integration or numerical integration are selected for calculation according to the shape of the contact area and the characteristics of the stress distribution. The average contact stress value comprehensively considers the stress conditions on the entire contact surface, can accurately reflect the actual stress level borne by the bearing, and judge whether the bearing fits well with other components, solving the problem that the traditional single-point stress measurement cannot comprehensively understand the stress distribution, easily misses stress concentration areas, and leads to inaccurate evaluation. Finally, an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index is obtained based on the deformation rate and the average contact stress value. A mathematical model is established according to their characteristics, such as using the method of weighted summation, and the weights are determined through experimental data and bearing characteristics to calculate the comprehensive index. A reasonable threshold range is set, and if it exceeds the range, it indicates that there may be problems with the assembly quality and further analysis and adjustment are required. This index comprehensively evaluates the bearing deformation and stress conditions from multiple dimensions, accurately judges the assembly quality, can be used to compare the quality of different assembly processes and batches, and provides support for optimizing the assembly process, overcoming the drawbacks of the traditional single-index evaluation that cannot comprehensively reflect the situation and effectively optimize the process.

[0123] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the corresponding assembly stress deviation value according to each of the external dynamic deformation comprehensive indexes and obtaining the total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values includes:

[0124] S401. Convert the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index through a fuzzy logic controller to obtain the deformation pressure adjustment amount;

[0125] S402. Use the centroid method to defuzzify the pressure adjustment amount to obtain the assembly stress deviation value;

[0126] S403. Obtain the preset reference pressure value;

[0127] S403. Obtain the concentricity deviation value between the bearing and the shaft hole, and obtain the alignment angle value according to the concentricity deviation value;

[0128] S404. Obtain the total assembly error value according to the assembly stress deviation value, the alignment angle value, the bearing output pressure value, and the preset reference pressure value.

[0129] As described in the above steps S401 - S404, the present invention converts the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index through a fuzzy logic controller to obtain the deformation pressure adjustment amount. The external dynamic deformation comprehensive index is a complex comprehensive index, which contains information such as deformation rate and average contact stress. There is no simple linear relationship between it and the required deformation pressure adjustment amount. Traditional methods rely on precise mathematical models, but there are many factors that are difficult to accurately quantify in actual assembly, resulting in difficulty in establishing the model. The fuzzy logic controller can simulate human thinking, reason based on fuzzy rules, does not require a precise model, and can adapt to different working conditions. During specific operation, first determine that the input variable is the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index and the output variable is the deformation pressure adjustment amount. Then, formulate fuzzy rules based on expert experience and a large amount of experimental data, perform fuzzy processing on the input and output variables. Finally, input the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index into the controller for reasoning to obtain a fuzzy output result. For example, in the bearing assembly of a large mechanical equipment, due to the subtle changes in material properties, the traditional method led to assembly problems. After introducing the fuzzy logic controller, according to the special external dynamic deformation comprehensive index, the appropriate deformation pressure adjustment amount was calculated, solving the assembly problem and improving the assembly quality. Then, the centroid method was used to defuzzify the pressure adjustment amount to obtain the assembly stress deviation value. The pressure adjustment amount output by the fuzzy logic controller is fuzzy and cannot be directly used for actual assembly control and analysis. Traditional simple defuzzification methods may only consider partial information, resulting in inaccurate results. The centroid method can comprehensively consider the information of each fuzzy subset in the fuzzy output result, convert the fuzzy pressure adjustment amount into an accurate assembly stress deviation value, and has good stability and robustness. The specific process is to determine the membership function and value range of each fuzzy subset in the fuzzy output result, calculate the centroid position of each subset, and then perform weighted summation on the centroid positions according to the membership degree to obtain the final accurate value. For example, in the crankshaft bearing assembly of an automobile engine, an accurate assembly stress deviation value was obtained through defuzzification by the centroid method. After comparing with the design requirements, problems were found, and the assembly process was adjusted in time to ensure the normal operation of the bearing. Then, through two operations, one is to obtain the preset reference pressure value, and the other is to obtain the concentricity deviation value between the bearing and the shaft hole and obtain the alignment angle value based on this. The preset reference pressure value provides a standard for judging whether the assembly stress is normal. Different types and specifications of bearings have corresponding optimal assembly pressure ranges, and it is a reference value for this range. Traditional assembly may lack a clear reference pressure value, resulting in inaccurate pressure adjustment. This value can be determined by referring to design manuals, experimental tests, or successful cases and input into the assembly control system as a judgment basis. For the concentricity deviation value, high-precision measuring instruments such as laser alignment instruments and coordinate measuring machines are used for measurement, and then it is converted into an alignment angle value according to geometric relationships and trigonometric principles. Concentricity and alignment angle are important factors affecting the assembly quality and service life of bearings, and traditional detection may not be precise enough to accurately quantify the deviation.For example, in the bearing assembly of a large wind turbine, after determining the preset reference pressure value and accurately measuring the concentricity, the assembly process is adjusted to make the bearing operate more stably, improving the power generation efficiency. Finally, based on the assembly stress deviation value, the alignment angle value, the bearing output pressure value, and the preset reference pressure value, the total assembly error value is obtained. Traditional assembly quality assessment methods often only focus on a single index, unable to comprehensively reflect assembly problems and difficult to accurately quantify the comprehensive error. However, this step comprehensively considers multiple parameters and can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the bearing assembly quality. The specific operation is to first determine the weights according to the influence degree of each parameter on the assembly quality, then normalize each parameter, and finally perform weighted summation to obtain the total assembly error value. Targeted improvement measures can be formulated based on the total assembly error value. For example, in the spindle bearing assembly of a certain precision machine tool, by using the method of comprehensively calculating the total assembly error value, the error in concentricity is found. After adjusting the assembly process, the total assembly error value is reduced, and the operation accuracy and stability of the machine tool are significantly improved.

[0130] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the comprehensive clearance evaluation index according to the total assembly error value includes:

[0131] S501. Normalize the total assembly error value to obtain a processed total assembly error value;

[0132] S502. Obtain the distribution density of the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region, and obtain the stress region coefficient according to the distribution density;

[0133] S503. Obtain the characteristic frequency band energy value and the shaft diameter displacement amount, and obtain the dynamic stability coefficient according to the characteristic frequency band energy value and the shaft diameter displacement amount;

[0134] S504. Obtain the comprehensive clearance evaluation index according to the processed total assembly error value, the stress region coefficient, and the dynamic stability coefficient.

[0135] As described in the above steps S501 - S504, the present invention normalizes the total assembly error value to obtain the processed total assembly error value. The total assembly error value may stem from different measurement and calculation methods, with a large range of values and dimensional differences. Direct use may lead to deviations in the evaluation results, and important error information may be ignored or minor error information may be amplified. Normalization can map it to a unified interval, such as [0, 1], making the data easier to compare and analyze, improving the stability and convergence speed of the algorithm, and making the results more intuitive. First, collect samples to calculate the minimum and maximum values, and then substitute them into the formula for calculation. For example, in the assembly of automotive engine crankshaft bearings, the original value ranges of different types of errors vary greatly. After normalization, it can more fairly reflect the contribution of each error to the assembly quality, prompting engineers to optimize the concentricity assembly process. Next, obtain the distribution density of the thermo - mechanical coupling stress region and obtain the stress region coefficient based on this. The distribution density of the thermo - mechanical coupling stress region reflects the degree and distribution of stress concentration during the operation of the bearing. Stress concentration can lead to bearing fatigue failure and performance degradation. Traditional clearance evaluation methods often ignore this factor, which may overestimate or underestimate the bearing performance. To obtain the distribution density, finite element analysis software can be used for simulation calculation or actual measurement with stress sensors, and then the distribution density is converted into the stress region coefficient according to pre - set rules. In the application of aero - engine bearings, by obtaining the stress distribution density through simulation calculation and converting it into a coefficient and incorporating it into the calculation of the clearance comprehensive evaluation index, it can early - warn of the clearance changes and potential failures caused by thermo - mechanical coupling stress. Then, obtain the energy value of the characteristic frequency band and the shaft diameter displacement, and obtain the dynamic stability coefficient based on them. The energy value of the characteristic frequency band reflects the vibration characteristics of the bearing, and the shaft diameter displacement reflects the position change of the bearing. The two can reflect the dynamic stability of the bearing from different angles. Traditional evaluation methods mostly focus on static parameters and ignore dynamic performance, which may not be able to detect dynamic problems during operation in a timely manner. The energy value of the characteristic frequency band can be obtained by collecting signals with vibration sensors and performing spectrum analysis, and the shaft diameter displacement is measured with displacement sensors. Then, the dynamic stability coefficient is calculated through a mathematical model or machine learning algorithm. In the application of the main shaft bearings of large - scale CNC machine tools, by collecting these two parameters to calculate the dynamic stability coefficient, it can timely detect the problem of decreased dynamic stability caused by poor lubrication, avoiding the decline of machining accuracy and equipment damage. Finally, obtain the clearance comprehensive evaluation index based on the processed total assembly error value, the stress region coefficient, and the dynamic stability coefficient. Traditional clearance evaluation methods only focus on single or a few factors and cannot comprehensively reflect the actual working state of the bearing, which is prone to misjudgment. The clearance comprehensive evaluation index combines multiple factors and can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the clearance state and working performance of the bearing, providing a unified quantitative index for quality control, maintenance decision - making, and fault diagnosis. After determining the weights of each factor, a weighted sum is performed on them to obtain the clearance comprehensive evaluation index. In the bearing maintenance management of a certain large - scale mechanical equipment, by calculating the clearance comprehensive evaluation index, it can timely detect problematic bearing groups and replace them in advance, avoiding equipment downtime due to bearing failures and improving the operation efficiency and reliability.

[0136] As Figure 2 shown, the present invention also provides a detection system for the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing, including:

[0137] A first acquisition module 1, configured to acquire the dynamic parameters of the deep groove ball bearing at each assembly stage during the assembly process under preset assembly parameters, where the dynamic parameters include vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data, and shaft diameter displacement, and acquire a dynamic clearance error value according to a plurality of the continuous dynamic parameters;

[0138] A second acquisition module 2, configured to acquire the stress gradient distribution data at multiple time nodes of each assembly stage according to the dynamic clearance error value, and acquire a thermo-mechanical coupling stress region according to each stress gradient distribution data;

[0139] A third acquisition module 3, configured to acquire the displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount of the inner and outer rings of the bearing in each thermo-mechanical coupling stress region, and acquire an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to each displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount;

[0140] A fourth acquisition module 4, configured to acquire a corresponding assembly stress deviation value according to each external dynamic deformation comprehensive index, and acquire a total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values;

[0141] A fifth acquisition module 5, configured to acquire a clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the total assembly error value;

[0142] A judgment module 6, configured to judge whether the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is within a preset threshold range;

[0143] If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is greater than the upper limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-tight defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is reduced in real time according to the index;

[0144] If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is less than the lower limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-loose defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is increased in real time according to the index.

[0145] In one embodiment, the first acquisition module 1 includes:

[0146] A first acquisition unit, configured to acquire the contact vibration signal of the bearing raceway according to the vibration spectrum data;

[0147] A decomposition and extraction unit, configured to perform wavelet packet decomposition on the contact vibration signal to obtain the energy value of the characteristic frequency band;

[0148] A second acquisition unit, configured to acquire the temperature gradient field of the bearing raceway;

[0149] A third acquisition unit, configured to obtain a raceway thermal expansion compensation amount according to the temperature distribution data and the temperature gradient field;

[0150] A fourth acquisition unit, configured to obtain an axial displacement deviation and a radial displacement deviation according to the shaft diameter displacement amount;

[0151] A first calculation unit, configured to obtain a dynamic clearance error value according to the axial displacement deviation, the radial displacement deviation, the characteristic frequency band energy value, and the raceway thermal expansion compensation amount.

[0152] In one embodiment, the second acquisition module 2 includes:

[0153] A fourth acquisition unit, configured to obtain a value of the major semi-axis length of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway;

[0154] A fifth acquisition unit, configured to obtain a radius value of the bearing raceway;

[0155] A sixth acquisition unit, configured to obtain a gradient distribution value according to the stress gradient distribution data;

[0156] A seventh acquisition unit, configured to obtain a local stress value according to the major semi-axis length value of the contact ellipse, the radius value, and the gradient distribution value;

[0157] An eighth acquisition unit, configured to obtain a preset corrected material yield strength value;

[0158] A second calculation unit, configured to obtain a local stress concentration value according to the preset corrected material yield strength value and the local stress value;

[0159] A judgment unit, configured to judge whether the local stress concentration value exceeds a critical threshold:

[0160] If it exceeds the threshold, mark it as a thermo-mechanical coupling stress area;

[0161] If it does not exceed the threshold, mark it as a non-thermo-mechanical coupling stress area.

[0162] In one embodiment, the third acquisition module 3 includes:

[0163] A ninth acquisition unit, configured to obtain a deformation time according to the displacement deformation amount;

[0164] A tenth acquisition unit, configured to obtain a deformation rate according to the deformation time and the displacement deformation amount;

[0165] An eleventh acquisition unit, configured to perform a spatial integration on the contact stress distribution amount to obtain an average contact stress value;

[0166] A third calculation unit, configured to obtain an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to the deformation rate and the average contact stress value.

[0167] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, storage, value library, or other medium provided in this application and used in the embodiments can include non-volatile and / or volatile memories. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0168] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "including", "comprising", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusively, so that a process, apparatus, article, or method including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, apparatus, article, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, apparatus, article, or method including that element.

[0169] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent results or equivalent process transformations made by using the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing, characterized in that, Including: Obtain the dynamic parameters of a deep groove ball bearing during each assembly stage under preset assembly parameters. Among them, the dynamic parameters include vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data, and shaft diameter displacement, and obtain the dynamic clearance error value according to multiple consecutive dynamic parameters; Obtain the stress gradient distribution data of each assembly stage at multiple time nodes according to the dynamic clearance error value, and obtain the thermo-mechanical coupling stress area according to each stress gradient distribution data; Obtain the displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount of the inner and outer rings of the bearing in each thermo-mechanical coupling stress area, and obtain the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to each displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount; Obtain the corresponding assembly stress deviation value according to each external dynamic deformation comprehensive index, and obtain the total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values; Obtain the clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the total assembly error value; Judge whether the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is within a preset threshold range; If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is greater than the upper limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-tight defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is reduced in real time according to the index; If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is less than the lower limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-loose defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is increased in real time according to the index.

2. The method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the dynamic clearance error value according to multiple consecutive dynamic parameters includes: Obtain the contact vibration signal of the bearing raceway according to the vibration spectrum data; Perform wavelet packet decomposition on the contact vibration signal to obtain the energy value of the characteristic frequency band; Obtain the temperature gradient field of the bearing raceway; Obtain the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway according to the temperature distribution data and the temperature gradient field; Obtain the axial displacement deviation and the radial displacement deviation according to the shaft diameter displacement; Obtain the dynamic clearance error value according to the axial displacement deviation, the radial displacement deviation, the energy value of the characteristic frequency band, and the thermal expansion compensation amount of the raceway.

3. A method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the thermo-mechanical coupling stress area according to each stress gradient distribution data includes: Obtain the length value of the major semi-axis of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway; Obtain the radius value of the bearing raceway; Obtain the gradient distribution value according to the stress gradient distribution data; Obtain the local stress value according to the length value of the major semi-axis of the contact ellipse, the radius value, and the gradient distribution value; Obtain the preset modified material yield strength value; Obtain the local stress concentration value according to the preset modified material yield strength value and the local stress value; Judge whether the local stress concentration value exceeds the critical threshold: If it exceeds the threshold, mark it as the thermo-mechanical coupling stress area; If it does not exceed the threshold, mark it as the non-thermo-mechanical coupling stress area.

4. A method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to each displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount includes: Obtain the deformation time according to the displacement deformation amount; Obtain the deformation rate according to the deformation time and the displacement deformation amount; Perform spatial integration on the contact stress distribution amount to obtain the average contact stress value; Obtain the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to the deformation rate and the average contact stress value.

5. A method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that The steps of obtaining corresponding assembly stress deviation values according to each of the external dynamic deformation comprehensive indices and obtaining a total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values include: Converting the external dynamic deformation comprehensive index through a fuzzy logic controller to obtain a deformation pressure adjustment amount; Using the centroid method to defuzzify the pressure adjustment amount to obtain an assembly stress deviation value; Obtaining a preset reference pressure value; Obtaining the concentricity deviation value between the bearing and the shaft hole, and obtaining an alignment angle value according to the concentricity deviation value; Obtaining a total assembly error value according to the assembly stress deviation value, the alignment angle value, the bearing output pressure value, and the preset reference pressure value.

6. The method for detecting the assembly error of the clearance of a deep groove ball bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of obtaining a clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the total assembly error value include: Performing normalization processing on the total assembly error value to obtain a processed total assembly error value; Obtaining the distribution density of the thermo-mechanical coupling stress region, and obtaining a stress region coefficient according to the distribution density; Obtaining the characteristic frequency band energy value and the shaft diameter displacement amount, and obtaining a dynamic stability coefficient according to the characteristic frequency band energy value and the shaft diameter displacement amount; Obtaining a clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the processed total assembly error value, the stress region coefficient, and the dynamic stability coefficient.

7. A clearance assembly error detection system for deep groove ball bearings, characterized in that, including: A first acquisition module, configured to acquire dynamic parameters of a deep groove ball bearing at each assembly stage during the assembly process under preset assembly parameters, where the dynamic parameters include vibration spectrum data, temperature distribution data, and shaft diameter displacement amount, and obtain a dynamic clearance error value according to a plurality of the continuous dynamic parameters; A second acquisition module, configured to obtain stress gradient distribution data at each assembly stage at a plurality of time nodes according to the dynamic clearance error value, and obtain a thermo-mechanical coupling stress region according to each stress gradient distribution data; A third acquisition module, configured to obtain the displacement deformation amount and the contact stress distribution amount of the inner and outer rings of the bearing in each thermo-mechanical coupling stress region, and obtain an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to each displacement deformation amount and contact stress distribution amount; A fourth acquisition module, configured to obtain corresponding assembly stress deviation values according to each external dynamic deformation comprehensive index, and obtain a total assembly error value according to all the assembly stress deviation values; A fifth acquisition module, configured to obtain a clearance comprehensive evaluation index according to the total assembly error value; A judgment module, configured to judge whether the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is within a preset threshold range; If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is greater than the upper limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-tight defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is reduced in real time according to the index; If the clearance comprehensive evaluation index is less than the lower limit value of the preset threshold range, it is determined that there is an over-loose defect in this assembly stage, and the assembly pressure is increased in real time according to the index.

8. A clearance assembly error detection system for deep groove ball bearings according to claim 7, characterized in that The first acquisition module includes: A first acquisition unit, configured to obtain a contact vibration signal of the bearing raceway according to the vibration spectrum data; A decomposition and extraction unit, configured to perform wavelet packet decomposition on the contact vibration signal to obtain a characteristic frequency band energy value; A second acquisition unit, configured to obtain a temperature gradient field of the bearing raceway; A third acquisition unit, configured to obtain a raceway thermal expansion compensation amount according to the temperature distribution data and the temperature gradient field; A fourth acquisition unit, configured to acquire an axial displacement deviation and a radial displacement deviation according to the shaft diameter displacement amount; A first calculation unit, configured to acquire a dynamic clearance error value according to the axial displacement deviation, the radial displacement deviation, the characteristic frequency band energy value, and the raceway thermal expansion compensation amount.

9. The clearance assembly error detection system for a deep groove ball bearing according to claim 7, wherein The second acquisition module includes: A fourth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a value of the major semi-axis length of the contact ellipse of the bearing raceway; A fifth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a value of the radius of the bearing raceway; A sixth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a gradient distribution value according to the stress gradient distribution data; A seventh acquisition unit, configured to acquire a local stress value according to the major semi-axis length value of the contact ellipse, the radius value, and the gradient distribution value; An eighth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a preset corrected material yield strength value; A second calculation unit, configured to acquire a local stress concentration value according to the preset corrected material yield strength value and the local stress value; A judgment unit, configured to judge whether the local stress concentration value exceeds a critical threshold: If it exceeds the threshold, it is marked as a thermo-mechanical coupling stress area; If it does not exceed the threshold, it is marked as a non-thermo-mechanical coupling stress area.

10. A clearance assembly error detection system for deep groove ball bearings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third acquisition module includes: A ninth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a deformation time according to the displacement deformation amount; A tenth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a deformation rate according to the deformation time and the displacement deformation amount; An eleventh acquisition unit, configured to perform a spatial integration on the contact stress distribution amount to obtain an average contact stress value; A third calculation unit, configured to acquire an external dynamic deformation comprehensive index according to the deformation rate and the average contact stress value.

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