Cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging

Abstract

The invention discloses a cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging, and relates to the technical field of cotton impurity detection.The cotton impurity detection device comprises a support, a top plate and a transverse plate are fixedly connected to the support, a halogen lamp and a hyperspectral camera are installed on the bottom face of the top plate, and the transverse plate is sleeved with a conveying belt; the device has the advantages that the rotating speed of the conveying belt can be automatically adjusted according to the change of the thickness of a cotton layer, step-by-step control is not needed, meanwhile, manual calculation is not needed, the cotton detection efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the impurity detection precision is improved, meanwhile, the illumination intensity of a halogen lamp can be automatically adjusted according to the change of the thickness of the cotton layer, and the detection precision is improved. The cotton detection accuracy is guaranteed while adjustment errors are avoided, the adjustment process is simplified, the cotton detection efficiency is further improved, different cotton layer thicknesses can automatically correspond to different rotating speeds and illumination intensities, accurate calculation is not needed during adjustment, participation of professionals is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cotton impurity detection, and specifically provides a cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging. Background Art

[0002] Hyperspectral imaging technology is a new technology that combines imaging technology and spectral technology. It makes finer divisions in the spectral dimension, so it can obtain spectral data of each point on the image and image information of any spectral band. Combining different substances to be detected with different spectral characteristics due to different compositions provides more information for various detections.

[0003] In the process of cotton impurity detection, the cotton layer thickness, conveyor belt speed, and halogen lamp illumination intensity all affect each other. For example, when the cotton layer thickness increases from 5 mm to 7 mm, the light source power needs to be increased synchronously by 25%, and the conveyor belt speed is reduced by 15%. Because the light source power needs to be increased with the increase of the cotton layer thickness to compensate for the attenuation of the optical signal.

[0004] For the even spreading of the cotton layer, height-limiting baffles need to be set around the conveyor belt to restrict the cotton stacking range, avoiding spectral signal distortion or impurity masking caused by local over-thickness. At the same time, the height-limiting boundary for spreading needs to be designed in coordination with the air flow assistance system (such as positive pressure blowing or negative pressure adsorption). The baffle height matches the air flow channel to ensure that the cotton in the over-thick area can be effectively blown away, and cooperate with high-frequency oscillation to make the cotton spread evenly.

[0005] After retrieval, Chinese Patent Application CN118746560A discloses a cotton impurity detection device based on reflection and transmission hyperspectral imaging. Although the adjustment of the cotton moving speed and the adjustment of the height of the multi-spectral band camera can be synchronously controlled, it cannot automatically adjust the conveyor belt speed and the halogen lamp illumination intensity according to the cotton layer thickness, resulting in the need for step-by-step operation for the control of the three, which is prone to adjustment errors, thus affecting the accuracy of cotton detection. It also makes the adjustment process complex, affecting the detection efficiency of cotton. And different cotton layer thicknesses correspond to different speeds and illumination intensities, so accurate calculation is required during step-by-step adjustment, and professional personnel are needed to participate, further increasing the labor cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging.

[0007] To solve the problems raised in the above background art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging, including a support, on which a top plate and a cross plate are fixedly connected. A halogen lamp and a hyperspectral camera are installed on the bottom surface of the top plate. A conveyor belt is sleeved on the cross plate. One end of the conveyor belt is sleeved with a driving roller, and a fixing groove is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveyor belt. An air guide cavity is opened in the conveyor belt, and a telescopic rod is communicated in the air guide cavity. The top end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a telescopic plate. A fixing tooling is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cross plate. A motor is installed in the fixing tooling. One end of a first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and the other end of the first transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a driving roller. One end of a crawler is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the driving roller, and the other end of the crawler is slidably sleeved with a fixed arc surface wheel and a moving arc surface wheel. A multi-prism is sleeved on the central axis of the moving arc surface wheel, and the multi-prism is fixedly connected to the fixed arc surface wheel. A motor is installed in the cross plate. One end of a second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and the other end of the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a driving gear. The outer surface of the driving gear is meshed with a driven gear. A first lead screw is fixedly connected to the central axis of the driven gear. One end of the first lead screw is rotatably connected to the side wall of the cross plate, and the other end of the first lead screw is meshed and sleeved with a moving plate. The moving plate is rotatably connected to the end face of the moving arc surface wheel; The outer surface of the driving gear is meshed with a transmission gear. A screw rod is fixedly connected to the central axis of the transmission gear. One end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to a driving wire pulling roller. The other end of the screw rod is meshed and sleeved with a first piston rod. A main cavity is opened in the cross plate. One end of an air guide pipe is communicated with the end face of the main cavity. The other end of the air guide pipe is rotatably connected to the driving roller. A secondary cavity and an inner cavity are opened in the driving roller. A branch channel is opened at the end of the secondary cavity. A shunt channel is opened between the branch channel and the inner cavity. A piston block is slidably sleeved at the end of the secondary cavity. One end of the piston block is fixedly connected with a return spring. The other end of the piston block is fixedly connected with a push rod. The end of the push rod is in contact connection with a flow blocking block. A second piston rod is slidably sleeved in the inner cavity.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: The telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveyor belt. There are multiple telescopic rods. There are two telescopic plates, and the two telescopic plates are located at both ends of the multiple telescopic rods. The top plate is located above the cross plate.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: The driving roller is rotatably connected to the cross plate. The fixed arc surface wheel is fixedly connected to the end face of the driving roller. The fixing groove is communicated with the air guide cavity.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: The screw rod is rotatably sleeved on the transverse plate. The rod handle of the first piston rod is arranged in a quadrangular prism shape. The first piston rod is slidably sleeved in the main cavity. A filler is arranged at the connection between the air guide pipe and the driving roller. The flow blocking block is sleeved in the fixed groove, and the flow blocking block can seal the end of the air guide cavity.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: The auxiliary cavity is arranged in an L shape, the branch channel is arranged in a U shape, a clamping groove is formed on the side wall of the piston block, the second piston rod is clamped in the clamping groove, and an annular gasket is installed between the second piston rod and the transverse plate.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: A cotton laying mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support. A driven wire pulling roller is sleeved on the outer surface of the halogen lamp. A toothed ring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the driven wire pulling roller. A bevel gear is meshed with the inner surface of the toothed ring. A second lead screw is meshed and sleeved on the central axis of the bevel gear. A central blade is rotatably connected to the end surface of the second lead screw. A multi-stage overlapping blade is sleeved outside the central blade, and the multi-stage overlapping blade is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the halogen lamp.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: The bevel gear is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the halogen lamp. Both the central blade and the multi-stage overlapping blade are provided with a plurality of them, and a plurality of central blades and a plurality of multi-stage overlapping blades can be closed into a ring.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: The driven wire pulling roller is connected to the driving wire pulling roller through a steel wire rope.

[0015] Adopting the above technical solutions: Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, the driving gear synchronously drives the driven gear to rotate, so that the first lead screw on the driven gear rotates, thereby driving the moving plate to move by the first lead screw. The end of the moving plate is rotatably connected to the moving arc surface wheel, so that the moving plate cannot rotate. Further, the moving plate is translated under the drive of the first lead screw, so that the moving plate pushes the moving arc surface wheel to translate, so that the distance between the moving arc surface wheel and the fixed arc surface wheel is shortened, thereby squeezing the end of the crawler by the moving arc surface wheel and the fixed arc surface wheel, expanding the end of the crawler under pressure, increasing the effective radius of the end of the crawler, that is, increasing the effective radius of the moving arc surface wheel and the fixed arc surface wheel. At this time, start the motor on the fixed tool, so that the motor drives the driving roller to rotate through the first transmission shaft, so that the driving roller drives the crawler to rotate, thereby driving the moving arc surface wheel and the fixed arc surface wheel to rotate by the crawler. According to the formula It can be seen that when the output power of the motor is constant, the moving speed of the crawler is constant, that is, v is constant. When the effective radius of the moving arc surface wheel and the fixed arc surface wheel increases, that is, when R increases, the angular velocity Increase, that is, the rotation speeds of the multi-prism and the driving roller increase, causing the rotation speed of the conveyor belt to increase accordingly. Conversely, when the thickness of the cotton layer decreases, the above operations are repeated in reverse, causing the rotation speed of the conveyor belt to decrease accordingly. This enables the change in the thickness of the cotton layer to automatically adjust the rotation speed of the conveyor belt, eliminating the need for step-by-step control and manual calculation. While improving the efficiency of cotton detection, it also enhances the detection accuracy of impurities.

[0016] In the present invention, the screw drives the driving wire-pulling roller to rotate, thereby causing the driving wire-pulling roller to drive the driven wire-pulling roller to rotate. The toothed ring on the driven wire-pulling roller drives the bevel gear to rotate, and the bevel gear is meshed and sleeved with the second lead screw. Furthermore, the self-rotation of the bevel gear can drive the second lead screw to move, causing the central blade on the second lead screw to move. When the thickness of the cotton layer increases, the central blade coincides with the multi-stage overlapping blades, achieving the purpose of expanding the aperture and indirectly increasing the intensity of the halogen lamp. Conversely, when the thickness of the cotton layer decreases, the intensity of the halogen lamp decreases. This enables the change in the thickness of the cotton layer to automatically adjust the illumination intensity of the halogen lamp, avoiding adjustment errors while ensuring the accuracy rate of cotton detection, simplifying the adjustment process, further improving the efficiency of cotton detection, and enabling different cotton layer thicknesses to automatically correspond to different rotation speeds and illumination intensities. During adjustment, precise calculation is not required, reducing the participation of professionals and lowering labor costs.

[0017] In the present invention, the first piston rod compresses the air in the main chamber, causing the compressed air in the main chamber to enter the auxiliary chamber through the air guide pipe. Thereby, the piston block in the auxiliary chamber is pressured to translate, stretching the return spring on the piston block and causing the ejector rod on the piston block to press the flow-blocking block. Furthermore, the flow-blocking block is pressured and contracts into the fixed groove, causing the flow-blocking block to no longer block the end of the air guide chamber. As the piston block continues to translate, the piston block gradually moves between the two ends of the branch channel, enabling the branch channel to introduce compressed air into the air guide chamber. The air guide chamber is connected to the telescopic rod, causing the compressed air to finally enter the telescopic rod, thereby causing the telescopic rod to extend and stretching the telescopic plate. At this time, the height of the telescopic rod and the telescopic plate is the height of the cotton layer height-limiting baffle, and thus the final height of the cotton layer can be determined. Similarly, when the thickness of the cotton layer increases, the above process can be repeated, enabling the determination of the cotton layer thickness to be precise and efficient, avoiding spectral signal distortion or impurity masking caused by local over-thickness. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the horizontal plate structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic semi-sectional view of the slag storage cylinder structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 In an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged view of the structure of part A therein; Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of the driving roller structure in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure of part B; Figure 7 Schematic semi-sectional view of the fixed groove structure in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the halogen lamp structure in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure of part C.

[0019] In the figure: 1, support; 2, top plate; 3, cross plate; 4, halogen lamp; 5, driving roller; 6, conveyor belt; 7, fixed groove; 8, air guide cavity; 9, telescopic rod; 10, telescopic plate; 11, fixing tooling; 12, motor; 13, first transmission shaft; 14, driving roller; 15, crawler belt; 16, fixed arc surface wheel; 17, moving arc surface wheel; 18, multi-prism; 19, motor; 20, second transmission shaft; 21, driving gear; 22, driven gear; 23, first lead screw; 24, moving plate; 25, transmission gear; 26, screw; 27, driving wire pulley; 28, first piston rod; 29, main cavity; 30, air duct; 31, auxiliary cavity; 32, branch channel; 33, inner cavity; 34, shunt channel; 35, piston block; 36, return spring; 37, ejector rod; 38, flow blocking block; 39, second piston rod; 40, card slot; 41, cotton laying mechanism; 42, driven wire pulley; 43, toothed ring; 44, bevel gear; 45, second lead screw; 46, central blade; 47, multi-stage overlapping blade. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The following further describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted here that the description of these implementation manners is for helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various implementation manners of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. Embodiment 1

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging, including a support 1, on which a top plate 2 and a cross plate 3 are fixedly connected. A halogen lamp 4 and a hyperspectral camera are installed on the bottom surface of the top plate 2. A conveyor belt 6 is sleeved on the cross plate 3. One end of the conveyor belt 6 is sleeved with a driving roller 5, and a fixed groove 7 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveyor belt 6. An air guide cavity 8 is formed inside the conveyor belt 6, and a telescopic rod 9 is communicated with the air guide cavity 8. The top end of the telescopic rod 9 is fixedly connected with a telescopic plate 10. A fixing tool 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cross plate 3. A motor 12 is installed inside the fixing tool 11. One end of a first transmission shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 12, and the other end of the first transmission shaft 13 is fixedly connected to a driving roller 14. One end of a crawler 15 is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the driving roller 14. The other end of the crawler 15 is slidably sleeved on a fixed arc-shaped wheel 16 and a moving arc-shaped wheel 17. A multi-prism 18 is sleeved on the central axis of the moving arc-shaped wheel 17, and the multi-prism 18 is fixedly connected to the fixed arc-shaped wheel 16. A motor 19 is installed inside the cross plate 3. One end of a second transmission shaft 20 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 19, and the other end of the second transmission shaft 20 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 21. A driven gear 22 is meshed with the outer surface of the driving gear 21. A first lead screw 23 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the driven gear 22. One end of the first lead screw 23 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the cross plate 3, and the other end of the first lead screw 23 is meshed and sleeved with a moving plate 24. The moving plate 24 is rotatably connected to the end face of the moving arc-shaped wheel 17.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 2 , the telescopic rod 9 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveyor belt 6. There are multiple telescopic rods 9, and there are two telescopic plates 10. And the two telescopic plates 10 are located at both ends of the multiple telescopic rods 9. The top plate 2 is located above the cross plate 3.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 2-4 , the driving roller 5 is rotatably connected to the cross plate 3. The fixed arc-shaped wheel 16 is fixedly connected to the end face of the driving roller 5. The fixed groove 7 is communicated with the air guide cavity 8.

[0024] Specifically, during the adjustment of the cotton layer, as the thickness of the cotton layer increases, the driving gear 21 synchronously drives the driven gear 22 to rotate, causing the first lead screw 23 on the driven gear 22 to rotate. As a result, the first lead screw 23 drives the moving plate 24 to move. The end of the moving plate 24 is rotatably connected to the moving arc surface wheel 17, preventing the moving plate 24 from rotating. Then, the moving plate 24 is translated under the drive of the first lead screw 23, causing the moving plate 24 to push the moving arc surface wheel 17 to translate, reducing the distance between the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16. Consequently, the end of the crawler belt 15 is squeezed by the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16, causing the end of the crawler belt 15 to expand under pressure and increasing the effective radius of the end of the crawler belt 15, that is, increasing the effective radii of the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16. At this time, start the motor 12 on the fixed tooling 11, so that the motor 12 drives the driving roller 14 to rotate through the first transmission shaft 13, causing the driving roller 14 to drive the crawler belt 15 to rotate. Thus, the crawler belt 15 drives the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16 to rotate. According to the formula it can be seen that when the output power of the motor 12 is constant, the moving speed of the crawler belt 15 is constant, that is, v is constant. When the effective radii of the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16 increase, that is, when R increases, the angular velocity increases, that is, the rotation speeds of the multi-prism 18 and the driving roller 5 increase, causing the rotation speed of the conveyor belt 6 to increase accordingly. Conversely, when the thickness of the cotton layer decreases, repeat the above operations in reverse, causing the rotation speed of the conveyor belt 6 to decrease accordingly. This enables the change in the thickness of the cotton layer to automatically adjust the rotation speed of the conveyor belt 6, eliminating the need for step-by-step control and manual calculation. While improving the cotton detection efficiency, it also improves the detection accuracy of impurities. Embodiment 2

[0025] Please refer to Figures 2-7 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging. The outer surface of the driving gear 21 is meshed with a transmission gear 25. A screw rod 26 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the transmission gear 25. One end of the screw rod 26 is fixedly connected to a driving wire-pulling roller 27. The other end of the screw rod 26 is meshed and sleeved with a first piston rod 28. A main cavity 29 is formed in the cross plate 3. One end of a gas guide pipe 30 communicates with the end face of the main cavity 29. The other end of the gas guide pipe 30 is rotatably connected to the driving roller 5. The driving roller 5 is provided with a secondary cavity 31 and an inner cavity 33. A branch channel 32 is formed at the end of the secondary cavity 31. A flow dividing channel 34 is formed between the branch channel 32 and the inner cavity 33. A piston block 35 is slidably sleeved at the end of the secondary cavity 31. One end of the piston block 35 is fixedly connected to a return spring 36. The other end of the piston block 35 is fixedly connected to a push rod 37. The end of the push rod 37 is in contact connection with a flow-blocking block 38. A second piston rod 39 is slidably sleeved in the inner cavity 33.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 5-7, the screw rod 26 is rotationally sleeved with the transverse plate 3. The rod handle of the first piston rod 28 is arranged in a quadrangular prism shape. The first piston rod 28 is slidably sleeved with the main cavity 29. A packing is arranged at the connection of the air guide pipe 30 and the driving roller 5. The flow blocking block 38 is sleeved with the fixed groove 7, and the flow blocking block 38 can seal the end of the air guide cavity 8.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 , the auxiliary cavity 31 is arranged in an L shape, the branch channel 32 is arranged in a U shape. A clamping groove 40 is formed on the side wall of the piston block 35. The second piston rod 39 is clamped with the clamping groove 40, and a ring gasket is installed between the second piston rod 39 and the transverse plate 3.

[0028] Specifically, during the rotation of the screw rod 26, the driving wire-pulling roller 27 on the screw rod 26 rotates synchronously, so that the driving wire-pulling roller 27 drives the driven wire-pulling roller 42 to rotate, and the toothed ring 43 on the driven wire-pulling roller 42 drives the bevel gear 44 to rotate. The bevel gear 44 is meshed and sleeved with the second lead screw 45. Furthermore, the self-rotation of the bevel gear 44 can drive the second lead screw 45 to move, so that the central blade 46 on the second lead screw 45 moves. When the thickness of the cotton layer increases, the central blade 46 coincides with the multi-stage overlapping blades 47, achieving the purpose of expanding the aperture, indirectly increasing the intensity of the halogen lamp 4. On the contrary, when the thickness of the cotton layer decreases, the intensity of the halogen lamp 4 decreases, so that the change of the cotton layer thickness can automatically adjust the illumination intensity of the halogen lamp 4. While avoiding adjustment errors, it ensures the accuracy rate of cotton detection, simplifies the adjustment process, further improves the efficiency of cotton detection, and different cotton layer thicknesses can automatically correspond to different rotation speeds and illumination intensities. There is no need for precise calculation during adjustment, reducing the participation of professionals and lowering the labor cost. Embodiment 3

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging. A cotton flattening mechanism 41 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support 1. A driven wire-pulling roller 42 is sleeved on the outer surface of the halogen lamp 4. A toothed ring 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the driven wire-pulling roller 42. The inner surface of the toothed ring 43 is meshed and connected with a bevel gear 44. A second lead screw 45 is meshed and sleeved on the central axis of the bevel gear 44. A central blade 46 is rotatably connected to the end surface of the second lead screw 45. A multi-stage overlapping blade 47 is sleeved outside the central blade 46. The multi-stage overlapping blade 47 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the halogen lamp 4.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9, the bevel gear 44 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the halogen lamp 4. There are multiple central vanes 46 and multiple multi-stage overlapping vanes 47. The multiple central vanes 46 and the multiple multi-stage overlapping vanes 47 can both be closed into a ring.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , the driven cable pulley 42 and the driving cable pulley 27 are connected by a steel cable.

[0032] Specifically, during the process of cotton impurity detection, the motor 19 in the cross plate 3 is started, so that the second transmission shaft 20 on the motor 19 drives the driving gear 21 to rotate, so that the driving gear 21 drives the transmission gear 25 to rotate, so that the screw 26 on the transmission gear 25 drives the first piston rod 28 to move. The handle of the first piston rod 28 is arranged in a quadrangular prism shape, so that the first piston rod 28 is restricted by the cross plate 3 and cannot rotate. Furthermore, the first piston rod 28 is translated under the drive of the screw 26, so that the first piston rod 28 compresses the air in the main chamber 29. The compressed air in the main chamber 29 enters the auxiliary chamber 31 through the air duct 30, so that the piston block 35 in the auxiliary chamber 31 is pressed to translate, so that the piston block 35 stretches the return spring 36, and the ejector rod 37 on the piston block 35 presses the flow blocking block 38. Furthermore, the flow blocking block 38 is pressed and contracts into the fixed groove 7, so that the flow blocking block 38 no longer blocks the end of the air guide chamber 8. As the piston block 35 continues to translate, the piston block 35 gradually moves between the two ends of the branch channel 32, so that the branch channel 32 can introduce the compressed air into the air guide chamber 8. The air guide chamber 8 is communicated with the telescopic rod 9, so that the compressed air finally enters the telescopic rod 9, so that the telescopic rod 9 extends and stretches the telescopic plate 10. At this time, the height of the telescopic rod 9 and the telescopic plate 10 is the height of the cotton layer height limiting baffle, and then the final height of the cotton layer can be determined. Similarly, the increase in the cotton layer thickness can repeat the above process, so that the determination of the cotton layer thickness is accurate and efficient, and the spectral signal distortion or impurity masking caused by local over-thickness is avoided.

[0033] Working principle and usage process of the present invention: When it is necessary to detect cotton impurities, start the motor 19 in the cross plate 3, so that the second transmission shaft 20 on the motor 19 drives the driving gear 21 to rotate, and the driving gear 21 drives the transmission gear 25 to rotate, thereby making the screw 26 on the transmission gear 25 drive the first piston rod 28 to move. The rod handle of the first piston rod 28 is arranged in a quadrangular prism shape, so that the first piston rod 28 is restricted by the cross plate 3 and cannot rotate. Furthermore, the first piston rod 28 translates under the drive of the screw 26, compressing the air in the main chamber 29. The compressed air in the main chamber 29 enters the auxiliary chamber 31 through the air guide pipe 30, thereby making the piston block 35 in the auxiliary chamber 31 be pressured to translate, stretching the return spring 36, and making the ejector rod 37 on the piston block 35 press the flow blocking block 38. Furthermore, the flow blocking block 38 is pressured and contracts into the fixed groove 7, so that the flow blocking block 38 no longer blocks the end of the air guide chamber 8. As the piston block 35 continues to translate, the piston block 35 gradually moves between the two ends of the branch channel 32, enabling the branch channel 32 to introduce compressed air into the air guide chamber 8. The air guide chamber 8 is communicated with the telescopic rod 9, so that the compressed air finally enters the telescopic rod 9, thereby making the telescopic rod 9 extend and stretching the telescopic plate 10. At this time, the height of the telescopic rod 9 and the telescopic plate 10 is the height of the cotton layer height limiting baffle, and thus the final height of the cotton layer can be determined. Similarly, when the thickness of the cotton layer increases, the above process can be repeated; When it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the cotton layer, start the motor 19. According to the above process, the flow blocking block 38 no longer blocks the end of the air guide chamber 8, and the piston block 35 moves between the two ends of the branch channel 32, enabling the air guide chamber 8 to be communicated with the auxiliary chamber 31 through the branch channel 32. At this time, rotate the motor 19 in reverse, repeat the above operations in reverse, make the first piston rod 28 return, and suck the air in the auxiliary chamber 31. At this time, the branch channel 32 is communicated with the auxiliary chamber 31, making the branch channel 32 synchronously in negative pressure. The inner cavity 33 is communicated with the branch channel 32 through the shunt channel 34, so that the air at one end of the inner cavity 33 is discharged, making the second piston rod 39 be pushed by the air at the other end of the inner cavity 33. Furthermore, the second piston rod 39 extends out of the inner cavity 33 and is clamped with the clamping groove 40 on the piston block 35, achieving the purpose of fixing the piston block 35 and the ejector rod 37, enabling the main chamber 29 to continuously absorb the air in the air guide chamber 8 through the auxiliary chamber 31, indirectly making the height of the telescopic rod 9 and the telescopic plate 10 decrease, achieving the purpose of reducing the thickness of the cotton layer. When the height of the telescopic rod 9 and the telescopic plate 10 drops below the predetermined height, start the motor 19 in the forward direction again, so that the compressed air flows into the branch channel 32 again and enters the inner cavity 33 through the shunt channel 34, making the air pressure at the end of the inner cavity 33 rise rapidly, thereby making the second piston rod 39 reset quickly, releasing the fixation of the piston block 35. Furthermore, the piston block 35 and the ejector rod 37 reset under the resilience of the return spring 36, making the flow blocking block 38 block the end of the air guide chamber 8 again. In summary, the thickness of the cotton layer can be adjusted arbitrarily; In the above process of cotton layer adjustment, as the thickness of the cotton layer increases, the driving gear 21 synchronously drives the driven gear 22 to rotate, causing the first lead screw 23 on the driven gear 22 to rotate, thereby driving the moving plate 24 to move. The end of the moving plate 24 is rotatably connected to the moving arc surface wheel 17, making it impossible for the moving plate 24 to rotate. Furthermore, the moving plate 24 is translated under the drive of the first lead screw 23, causing the moving plate 24 to push the moving arc surface wheel 17 to translate, shortening the distance between the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16. As a result, the ends of the crawler 15 are squeezed by the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16, causing the ends of the crawler 15 to expand under pressure and increasing the effective radius of the ends of the crawler 15, that is, increasing the effective radii of the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16. At this time, start the motor 12 on the fixed tooling 11, so that the motor 12 drives the driving roller 14 to rotate through the first transmission shaft 13, causing the driving roller 14 to drive the crawler 15 to rotate, and then the crawler 15 drives the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16 to rotate. According to the formula it can be seen that when the output power of the motor 12 is constant, the moving speed of the crawler 15 is constant, that is, v is constant. When the effective radii of the moving arc surface wheel 17 and the fixed arc surface wheel 16 increase, that is, when R increases, the angular velocity increases, that is, the rotational speeds of the multi-prism 18 and the driving roller 5 increase, causing the rotational speed of the conveyor belt 6 to increase accordingly. Conversely, when the thickness of the cotton layer decreases, repeat the above operations in reverse, causing the rotational speed of the conveyor belt 6 to decrease accordingly. This enables the change in the cotton layer thickness to automatically adjust the rotational speed of the conveyor belt 6, eliminating the need for step-by-step control and manual calculation. While improving the cotton detection efficiency, it also improves the detection accuracy of impurities; While the above screw 26 rotates, the driving wire-pulling roller 27 on the screw 26 rotates synchronously, thereby causing the driving wire-pulling roller 27 to drive the driven wire-pulling roller 42 to rotate, making the toothed ring 43 on the driven wire-pulling roller 42 drive the bevel gear 44 to rotate. The bevel gear 44 is meshed and sleeved with the second lead screw 45. Furthermore, the self-rotation of the bevel gear 44 can drive the second lead screw 45 to move, causing the central blade 46 on the second lead screw 45 to move. When the thickness of the cotton layer increases, the central blade 46 coincides with the multi-stage overlapping blades 47, achieving the purpose of expanding the aperture and indirectly increasing the intensity of the halogen lamp 4. Conversely, when the thickness of the cotton layer decreases, the intensity of the halogen lamp 4 decreases. This enables the change in the cotton layer thickness to automatically adjust the illumination intensity of the halogen lamp 4, avoiding adjustment errors while ensuring the accuracy of cotton detection, simplifying the adjustment process, further improving the cotton detection efficiency, and different cotton layer thicknesses can automatically correspond to different rotational speeds and illumination intensities. Precise calculation is not required during adjustment, reducing the participation of professionals and lowering labor costs, thus completing the operation.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging, characterized in that, It includes a support (1), on which a top plate (2) and a cross plate (3) are fixedly connected. A halogen lamp (4) and a hyperspectral camera are installed on the bottom surface of the top plate (2). A fixing tooling (11) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cross plate (3). A motor (12) is installed in the fixing tooling (11). One end of a first transmission shaft (13) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (12), and the other end of the first transmission shaft (13) is fixedly connected to a driving roller (14). One end of a crawler (15) is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the driving roller (14). The other end of the crawler (15) is slidably sleeved on a fixed arc surface wheel (16) and a moving arc surface wheel (17). A multi-prism (18) is sleeved on the central axis of the moving arc surface wheel (17), and the multi-prism (18) is fixedly connected to the fixed arc surface wheel (16). A motor (19) is installed in the cross plate (3). One end of a second transmission shaft (20) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (19), and the other end of the second transmission shaft (20) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (21). The outer surface of the driving gear (21) is meshed with a driven gear (22). A first lead screw (23) is fixedly connected to the central axis of the driven gear (22). One end of the first lead screw (23) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the cross plate (3), and the other end of the first lead screw (23) is meshed and sleeved with a moving plate (24). The moving plate (24) is rotatably connected to the end face of the moving arc surface wheel (17).

2. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 1, wherein: A conveyor belt (6) is sleeved on the cross plate (3). A driving roller (5) is sleeved at the end of the conveyor belt (6). A fixing groove (7) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveyor belt (6). An air guide cavity (8) is formed in the conveyor belt (6). A telescopic rod (9) is communicated with the air guide cavity (8), and the top end of the telescopic rod (9) is fixedly connected to a telescopic plate (10).

3. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 2, wherein: The outer surface of the driving gear (21) is meshed and connected with a transmission gear (25). A screw rod (26) is fixedly connected to the central axis of the transmission gear (25). One end of the screw rod (26) is fixedly connected with a driving wire-pulling roller (27). The other end of the screw rod (26) is meshed and sleeved with a first piston rod (28). A main cavity (29) is formed in the transverse plate (3). One end of an air guide pipe (30) communicates with the end face of the main cavity (29). The other end of the air guide pipe (30) is rotationally connected with the driving roller (5). A secondary cavity (31) and an inner cavity (33) are formed in the driving roller (5). A branch channel (32) is formed at the end of the secondary cavity (31). A flow dividing channel (34) is formed between the branch channel (32) and the inner cavity (33). A piston block (35) is slidably sleeved at the end of the secondary cavity (31). One end of the piston block (35) is fixedly connected with a return spring (36). The other end of the piston block (35) is fixedly connected with a push rod (37). The end of the push rod (37) is in contact connection with a flow blocking block (38). A second piston rod (39) is slidably sleeved in the inner cavity (33).

4. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 3, wherein: The telescopic rod (9) is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the conveyor belt (6). A plurality of telescopic rods (9) are provided. Two telescopic plates (10) are provided. The two telescopic plates (10) are located at both ends of the plurality of telescopic rods (9). The top plate (2) is located above the transverse plate (3).

5. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving roller (5) is rotationally connected with the transverse plate (3). The fixed arc surface wheel (16) is fixedly connected with the end face of the driving roller (5). The fixed groove (7) communicates with the air guide cavity (8).

6. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 3, wherein: The screw rod (26) is rotationally sleeved with the transverse plate (3). The rod handle of the first piston rod (28) is arranged in a quadrangular prism shape. The first piston rod (28) is slidably sleeved in the main cavity (29). A packing is arranged at the connection of the air guide pipe (30) and the driving roller (5). The flow blocking block (38) is sleeved with the fixed groove (7), and the flow blocking block (38) can seal the end of the air guide cavity (8).

7. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary cavity (31) is arranged in an L shape. The branch channel (32) is arranged in a U shape. A clamping groove (40) is formed in the side wall of the piston block (35). The second piston rod (39) is clamped with the clamping groove (40), and a ring gasket is installed between the second piston rod (39) and the transverse plate (3).

8. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 4, wherein: A cotton spreading mechanism (41) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support (1). A driven wire-pulling roller (42) is sleeved on the outer surface of the halogen lamp (4). A toothed ring (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the driven wire-pulling roller (42). A bevel gear (44) is meshed and connected to the inner surface of the toothed ring (43). A second lead screw (45) is meshed and sleeved on the central axis of the bevel gear (44). A central blade (46) is rotationally connected to the end face of the second lead screw (45). A multi-stage overlapping blade (47) is sleeved outside the central blade (46). The multi-stage overlapping blade (47) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the halogen lamp (4).

9. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 8, wherein: The bevel gear (44) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the halogen lamp (4), and a plurality of central vanes (46) and a plurality of multi-stage overlapping vanes (47) are provided. The plurality of central vanes (46) and the plurality of multi-stage overlapping vanes (47) can both be closed into a ring.

10. The cotton impurity detection device based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driven cable pulley (42) is connected to the driving cable pulley (27) by a steel cable.

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