Anti-radiation fiber as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-radiation fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of chemical fibers.The preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber comprises the following steps that a polymer spinning precursor solution is prepared; mixing the tungstate solution and the acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution; sequentially dropwise adding a dispersing agent and a reducing agent into the binary metal salt mixed solution for reaction in an inert gas atmosphere; then adding a borate solution, stirring, centrifugally washing, drying and grinding to obtain ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder; adding ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder into the high polymer spinning precursor solution, and mixing to obtain an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution; and centrifugally spinning to obtain the anti-radiation fiber. Ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, a specific composition and a nano size is prepared through a step-by-step chemical reduction method, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is blended with a high polymer spinning precursor solution, and the anti-radiation fiber with excellent shielding performance, high tensile strength and good air permeability is obtained through centrifugal spinning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical fibers, and particularly relates to an anti-radiation fiber, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress and development of science and technology, nuclear technology has been widely used in industrial, medical, military and other fields due to its advantages such as cleanliness, high efficiency and precision. However, as a "double-edged sword", while promoting social development, nuclear technology is also accompanied by significant risks and challenges. The long-term accumulation of ionizing radiation dose seriously endangers human health and the ecological environment.

[0003] At present, radiation shielding materials are mainly relied on to reduce radiation hazards. Traditional radiation shielding materials are mainly lead materials. Although such anti-radiation materials have a certain shielding effect on γ-rays and X-rays, their protection ability against high-energy neutrons or high-energy particles is slightly insufficient, and their air permeability and comfort are poor. At the same time, lead materials are highly toxic, and long-term contact will damage the human nervous system and cause various diseases. In addition, lead materials pollute the environment. Obviously, lead-based anti-radiation materials can no longer meet the requirements of protecting people's physical health. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides an anti-radiation fiber, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem that lead-based anti-radiation materials can no longer meet the requirements of protecting people's physical health.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of an anti-radiation fiber, including the following steps: S1. Prepare a high-polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration; S2. Mix a tungstate solution and an acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution; then, in an inert gas atmosphere, dropwise add a dispersant and a reducing agent to the binary metal salt mixed solution in sequence to react for a preset time; then slowly dropwise add a borate solution, and obtain a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder through stirring, centrifugal washing, drying and grinding; S3. Add the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the high-polymer spinning precursor solution and mix to obtain an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution; perform centrifugal spinning to obtain an anti-radiation fiber.

[0006] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, first, a high-polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration is prepared, then a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, specific composition and specific nano size is prepared by a stepwise chemical reduction method, and finally the self-made nano anti-radiation powder is blended with the high-polymer spinning precursor solution, and an anti-radiation fiber with excellent structure, excellent and stable shielding performance, strong tensile strength and air permeability is prepared by centrifugal spinning.

[0007] In some embodiments, in step S2, the mass ratio of the tungstate in the tungstate solution, the bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution, and the borate in the borate solution is (1 - 5):1:(0.31 - 0.35).

[0008] In this embodiment, by reasonably controlling the ratio of different metal salt solutions, an appropriate number of bismuth nanoparticles, tungsten nanoparticles, and boron nanoparticles are obtained after chemical reduction, thereby precisely regulating the composition and structure of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder, and obtaining a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific composition and a specific structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the mass concentration of the dispersant is 0.5% - 2%, the addition amount of the dispersant solution is 1% - 3% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the dropping rate of the dispersant is 1 - 5 g / min; the mass concentration of the reducing agent is 60% - 80%, the addition amount of the reducing agent solution is 20% - 40% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the dropping rate of the reducing agent is 1 - 5 g / min.

[0010] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the mass concentration, addition amount, and dropping rate of the dispersant and the reducing agent, the size of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder is controlled to form a nano-scale binary metal nano anti-radiation powder. The dispersant can prevent the aggregation of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder generated by the reduction reaction and provide conditions for the attachment of boron nanoparticles.

[0011] In some embodiments, in step S3, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution is (1 - 10):1.

[0012] In this embodiment, by reasonably regulating the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer, while ensuring the concentration of the anti-radiation mixed spinning solution, the aggregation of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is avoided, thereby forming a composite spinning solution with nano-scale dispersion stability, providing a homogenized material basis for subsequent fiber forming.

[0013] In some embodiments, step S1 is specifically: stirring and blending the polymer and the solvent in a mass ratio of 1:(4 - 9) to prepare the polymer spinning precursor solution; the polymer is one of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl butyral; the solvent is one of deionized water, ethanol, and dimethylformamide.

[0014] In this embodiment, first, a polymer and a solvent are uniformly mixed in a specific mass ratio to form a spinning precursor solution with suitable fluidity, suitable concentration, and suitable viscosity, providing favorable conditions for subsequent centrifugal spinning, thereby obtaining anti-radiation fibers with excellent structures.

[0015] In some embodiments, the tungstate solution is one or more of sodium tungstate solution, zinc tungstate solution, and ammonium tungstate solution, and the mass concentration of the tungstate solution is 20% - 40%; the bismuth salt solution is bismuth nitrate solution, and the mass concentration of the bismuth salt solution is 20% - 40%; the borate solution is one or more of sodium borate solution with high-abundance boron-10, ammonium borate solution, and sodium borohydride solution, the mass concentration of the borate solution is 10% - 30%, and the abundance of boron-10 isotope in the borate solution is ≥90%.

[0016] In this embodiment, by reasonably selecting the types of tungstate, bismuth salt, and borate, choosing metal salts with good solubility and easy reducibility, and reasonably controlling the concentration of the metal salts, the metal salts are more uniformly dispersed, and thus the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is more uniformly dispersed.

[0017] In some embodiments, the reducing agent is one or more of hydrazine hydrate and ascorbic acid; the dispersant is one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0018] In this embodiment, by reasonably selecting the types of the reducing agent and the dispersant, ensuring that the reducing agent and the dispersant can be dissolved in the solution, and thus providing conditions for uniform dispersion and reduction reaction for the subsequently generated ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder.

[0019] In some embodiments, in step S3, the collection method of the centrifugal spinning is planar collection type, the receiving distance is 1 - 5 cm; the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning is 3000 - 6000 rpm, the pore diameter of the spinneret is 0.4 - 0.8 mm, the environmental temperature is 20 - 30 °C, and the humidity is 20% - 40%.

[0020] In this embodiment, a planar collection type centrifugal spinning device is used for centrifugal spinning. At the same time, by reasonably controlling parameters such as the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning device, the pore diameter of the spinneret, and the collection distance, the jet ejected from the rotating nozzle is stretched and solidified, thereby obtaining anti-radiation fibers with a tight structure and neat arrangement.

[0021] Second aspect: The present application provides an anti-radiation fiber prepared by the preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber provided in the first aspect of the present application. The anti-radiation fiber has a shielding rate of up to 82.17% for X-rays under the condition of 100 keV, a shielding rate of up to 60.29% for γ-rays under the condition of 660 keV, and a shielding rate of up to 80.98% for neutrons under the condition of 0.5 eV. The tensile strength of the fiber is up to 18.39 MPa, and the air permeability of the fabric is up to 516.51 mm / s.

[0022] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, an anti-radiation fiber is prepared by adopting a specific method. The obtained anti-radiation fiber has excellent structure, is harmless to the human body, has excellent and durable anti-radiation performance, excellent mechanical properties, good air permeability, moderate softness, and is environmentally friendly.

[0023] Third aspect: The present application provides an application of the above anti-radiation fiber in functional textiles. The anti-radiation fiber is woven into a functional textile, and the functional textile is used as a wearable intelligent radiation monitoring fabric and an integrated flexible sensor array.

[0024] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the anti-radiation fiber is applied to anti-radiation textiles, especially high-end field textiles with shielding characteristics such as medical protective clothing and special work clothes, so as to obtain functional textiles with high shielding, high moisture absorption and air permeability, and comfort.

[0025] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application are hereinafter specifically exemplified. Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings used in the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder obtained in Example 1 of the present application, and the scale bar is 10 μm; Figure 2 It is a scanning electron microscope image of a single ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder obtained in Example 1 of the present application; the scale bar is 1 μm; Figure 3 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the anti-radiation fiber prepared in Example 1 of the present application, Figure 3The scale of a is 10μm, Figure 3 The scale of b is 100μm.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a physical picture of the radiation-resistant fiber prepared in Example 1 of this application; Figure 5 It is a physical picture of the non-woven fabric obtained by processing the radiation-resistant fiber prepared in Example 1 of this application; Figure 6 It is Figure 5 a picture of the folded non-woven fabric in Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Next, embodiments of the technical solution of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application more clearly, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of this application.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0031] Referring to "embodiment" in this article means that specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] With the continuous progress and development of science and technology, nuclear technology has been widely used. However, the long-term accumulation of ionizing radiation dose seriously endangers human health and the ecological environment. The traditional lead-based shielding materials are slightly insufficient in protecting against high-energy neutrons or high-energy particles, and have poor air permeability and comfort. At the same time, lead materials are highly toxic, and long-term contact will damage the human nervous system and cause various diseases. In addition, lead materials pollute the environment. Obviously, lead-based radiation-resistant materials can no longer meet the requirements of protecting people's physical health.

[0033] To solve the technical problem that lead-based anti-radiation materials can no longer meet the requirements of protecting people's physical health, the present application provides an anti-radiation fiber, its preparation method and application. Among them, first, a high-polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration is prepared. Then, a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, specific composition and specific nano size is prepared by a stepwise chemical reduction method. Finally, the self-made nano anti-radiation powder is blended with the high-polymer spinning precursor solution, and anti-radiation fibers with excellent structure, excellent and stable shielding performance, strong tensile strength and air permeability are prepared by centrifugal spinning. The ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is evenly distributed inside the obtained anti-radiation fiber, and has excellent anti-radiation stability performance.

[0034] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of an anti-radiation fiber, including the following steps: S1. Prepare a high-polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration; S2. Mix a tungstate solution and an acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution. Then, in an inert gas atmosphere, a dispersant and a reducing agent are sequentially added dropwise to the binary metal salt mixed solution and reacted for a preset time. Then, a borate solution is slowly added dropwise, and after stirring, centrifugal washing, drying and grinding, a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is obtained. Specifically, the boron in the borate solution is high-abundance boron-10.

[0035] S3. Add the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder into the high-polymer spinning precursor solution and mix to obtain an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution. Centrifugal spinning is carried out to obtain anti-radiation fibers.

[0036] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, first, a polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration is prepared to ensure its suitable fluidity and viscosity for subsequent centrifugal spinning. Then, a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, specific composition, and specific nano-size is prepared by a stepwise chemical reduction method. Specifically, according to the relationship between the atomic structures and atomic sizes of bismuth, tungsten, and boron, the tungstate solution and the acidic bismuth salt solution are first mixed in a specific order, and a dispersant and a reducing agent are successively added dropwise. During this process, the reducing agent reduces tungstate ions and bismuth ions into tungsten nanoparticles and bismuth nanoparticles, and the active groups on the surface of the nanoparticles enable the smaller tungsten nanoparticles to adhere uniformly to the bismuth nanoparticles, forming a binary metal nano anti-radiation powder. The presence of the dispersant prevents the agglomeration of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder and makes it uniformly dispersed in the solution, providing favorable conditions for the uniform attachment of subsequent boron nanoparticles; in addition, the dispersant and the reducing agent are added in a dropwise manner, making the dispersant more uniformly dispersed in the solution. While the reducing agent provides a reducing atmosphere for the reaction, the reaction proceeds at a certain speed, avoiding the obtained binary metal nano anti-radiation powder having too large or too small particles, thereby forming a binary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a nano-size and uniform particles; on this basis, the borate solution is then slowly added dropwise, and the borate radical is further reduced to boron nanoparticles. The smaller boron nanoparticles are uniformly attached between the tungsten nanoparticles on the surface of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder. After centrifugal washing, drying, and grinding, a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, specific composition, and specific nano-size is finally formed. Finally, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder and the polymer spinning precursor solution are mixed to make it uniformly dispersed in the polymer spinning precursor solution. Through centrifugal spinning, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder adheres to the inside of the fiber, and a high-performance anti-radiation fiber is obtained.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, tungsten (W) can be comparable to lead-based materials in terms of gamma-ray and X-ray shielding efficiency and is basically non-toxic; bismuth has a larger attenuation coefficient for radiation sources than lead and also has the great advantage of being green and non-toxic, meeting the development trend of environmental protection; boron-10 (B) has the core advantage of an extremely high neutron absorption cross-section (3840 barn) and also has the characteristic of low density, providing key support for the lightweight design of anti-radiation materials to a certain extent. Through the stepwise chemical reduction method, the present application realizes the uniform attachment of boron nanoparticles and bismuth nanoparticles on the surface of tungsten nanoparticles at the molecular-level mixing level. Through the mutual cooperation of the three kinds of nanoparticles, multiple shielding of gamma rays, X-rays, fast neutrons, and thermal neutrons is achieved, and it is basically non-toxic, constructing an environmentally friendly protection system to replace traditional lead-based materials, showing comprehensive performance that is difficult to match by traditional materials in the field of radiation protection and providing an innovative solution for breaking through the bottleneck of traditional materials.

[0038] Further, in some embodiments, in step S2, the mass ratio of tungstate in the tungstate solution, bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution, and borate in the borate solution is (1 - 5):1:(0.31 - 0.35); specifically, the mixing of the tungstate solution and the acidic bismuth salt solution is carried out under ultrasonic treatment at 20 - 30°C for 30 - 60 min, and the power of the ultrasonic wave is 1500 - 2000 W. Preferably, it is carried out under ultrasonic treatment at 22 - 26°C for 45 - 60 min, and the power of the ultrasonic wave is 1800 - 2000 W; the acidic bismuth salt solution is obtained by adding dilute nitric acid to the bismuth salt solution to make it weakly acidic, and the bismuth salt provides an acidic condition for the reduction reaction to proceed. The inert gas atmosphere refers to an N2 atmosphere with a volume ratio of 99.999%; the dispersant and the reducing agent are sequentially added dropwise to the binary metal salt mixed solution and reacted under mechanical stirring at 60 - 90°C for 1 - 5 h, and the speed of the mechanical stirring is 300 - 800 rpm. The addition of the borate solution and stirring are carried out under mechanical stirring at 60 - 90°C for 1 - 5 h, and the speed of the mechanical stirring is 300 - 800 rpm. Preferably, it is carried out under mechanical stirring at 70 - 85°C for 2 - 5 h, and the speed of the mechanical stirring is 500 - 700 rpm; the centrifugal washing is specifically: centrifugal washing with deionized water for 1.5 - 2 h, and the rotation speed of the centrifugal washing is 9000 - 13000 rpm; the drying is specifically: vacuum drying at 50 - 100°C for 6 - 8 h, and the temperature is preferably 70 - 100°C; the grinding is carried out using a planetary ball mill, the temperature is preferably 80 - 100°C, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, the ball diameter is 1 - 2 mm, and the time is preferably 1 - 2 h.

[0039] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the mass ratio of tungstate in the tungstate solution, bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution, and borate in the borate solution within a suitable range, and reasonably controlling the parameters of ultrasonic and mechanical stirring such as ultrasonic power, temperature, time, and stirring speed, etc., an appropriate number of bismuth nanoparticles, tungsten nanoparticles, and boron nanoparticles are obtained after chemical reduction. By controlling the number of generated nanoparticles, the composition and structure of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder and the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder are accurately regulated, and a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific composition and a specific structure is obtained, and then a high-performance anti-radiation fiber is obtained.

[0040] Further, in some embodiments, the mass concentration of the dispersant is 0.5% - 2%, preferably 1% - 1.5%; the addition amount of the dispersant solution is 1% - 3% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, preferably 1% - 2%; the dropping rate of the dispersant is 1 - 5 g / min; and / or, the mass concentration of the reducing agent is 60% - 80%, preferably 65% - 75%, the addition amount of the reducing agent solution is 20% - 40% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, preferably 25% - 35%; the dropping rate of the reducing agent is 1 - 5 g / min. The dropping rate of the borate is 1 - 5 g / min.

[0041] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, firstly, by reasonably setting the mass concentration, addition amount and dropping rate of the dispersant, the dispersant is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution formed by tungstate and bismuth salt, preventing the agglomeration of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder generated by the reduction reaction, and making it uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution formed by tungstate and bismuth salt, providing favorable conditions for the efficient attachment of boron nanoparticles subsequently. Then, by reasonably setting the mass concentration, addition amount and dropping rate of the reducing agent, while providing a sufficient amount of reducing agent for the chemical reaction, the chemical reduction reaction is controlled to proceed at an appropriate speed, so that tungsten nanoparticles are uniformly attached to the surface of bismuth nanoparticles, and the size of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder is controlled, forming a nano-scale binary metal nano anti-radiation powder, and providing conditions for the attachment of boron nanoparticles. Finally, by reasonably controlling the dropping rate of the borate solution, the borate is reduced to boron nanoparticles at an appropriate speed and uniformly attached to the gaps between different tungsten nanoparticles on the surface of bismuth nanoparticles.

[0042] Further, in some embodiments, in step S3, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution is (1 - 10):1. Specifically, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is added to the polymer spinning precursor solution and mixed by mechanical stirring at 20 - 30 °C for 2 - 5 h, preferably by mechanical stirring at 25 - 30 °C for 3 - 5 h; the speed of mechanical stirring is 200 - 600 rpm, preferably 300 - 500 rpm.

[0043] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by reasonably regulating the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer, and reasonably controlling the rate, temperature and time parameters of mechanical stirring, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is uniformly dispersed in the polymer spinning precursor solution, avoiding the agglomeration of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder while ensuring the concentration of the anti-radiation mixed spinning solution, thereby forming a composite spinning solution with nano-scale dispersion stability, providing a homogenized material basis for subsequent fiber forming.

[0044] Further, in some embodiments, step S1 is specifically as follows: The high polymer and the solvent are stirred and blended at a mass ratio of 1:(4-9) to prepare a high polymer spinning precursor solution; the stirring speed of the stirring and blending is 100-500 rpm, preferably 200-400 rpm, the temperature is 25-100 °C, preferably 25-90 °C, and the time is 3-30 h, preferably 6-24 h. And / or, the molecular weight of the high polymer is 20,000-70,000 g / mol, the high polymer is one of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl butyral (PVB), preferably polyvinyl butyral; the solvent is one of deionized water, ethanol, and dimethylformamide (DMF), preferably ethanol.

[0045] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, first, the high polymer and the solvent are uniformly mixed at a specific mass ratio, and a spinning precursor solution with appropriate fluidity, appropriate concentration, and appropriate viscosity is formed through mechanical stirring. On the premise of ensuring the concentration, the solution is ensured to have good viscosity and surface tension, avoiding the disadvantages that the solution is easily broken into droplets due to too low viscosity and that it is difficult to form a continuous jet due to too high viscosity, providing favorable conditions for subsequent centrifugal spinning, and thus obtaining anti-radiation fibers with excellent structures.

[0046] Further, in some embodiments, the tungstate solution is one or more of sodium tungstate solution (Na2WO4·2H2O), zinc tungstate solution (5ZnO·12WO3), ammonium tungstate solution [(NH4)6W7O 24 ·6H2O], preferably sodium tungstate solution, and the mass concentration of the tungstate solution is 20%-40%, preferably 25%-30%; the bismuth salt solution is bismuth nitrate solution [Bi(NO3)3·5H2O], and the mass concentration of the bismuth salt solution is 20%-40%, preferably 25%-30%; the borate solution is one or more of sodium borate solution (Na2B4O7) with high-abundance boron-10, ammonium borate solution (NH4HB4O7·3H2O), and sodium borohydride solution (NaBH4), preferably sodium borate, and the mass concentration of the borate solution is 10%-30%, preferably 15%-25%; the abundance of boron-10 isotope in the borate solution ≥ 90%.

[0047] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by reasonably selecting the types of tungstate, bismuth salt, and borate, selecting metal salts with good solubility and easy reduction, and reasonably controlling the concentration of the metal salts, the metal salts are more uniformly dispersed, and further the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is more uniformly dispersed. By reasonably controlling the abundance of boron-10 isotope in the borate solution, the neutron shielding effect is further improved.

[0048] Further, in some embodiments, the reducing agent is one or more of hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O) and ascorbic acid (C6H8O6); the dispersant is one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), preferably polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0049] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by reasonably selecting the types of the reducing agent and the dispersant, it is ensured that the reducing agent and the dispersant can be dissolved in the solution, thereby providing conditions for uniform dispersion and conditions for reduction reaction for the subsequently generated ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder.

[0050] Further, in some embodiments, in step S3, the collection method of centrifugal spinning is plane collection, and the receiving distance is 1-5 cm; the rotation speed of centrifugal spinning is 3000-6000 rpm, the aperture of the spinneret is 0.4-0.8 mm, the ambient temperature is 20-30 °C, and the humidity is 20%-40%. Specifically, centrifugal spinning is carried out in a centrifugal spinning device, and the centrifugal spinning device includes a high-speed motor, a spinning cup, a rotating nozzle and a plane collection device; the high-speed motor is connected to the spinning cup and is used to drive the spinning cup to rotate at a high speed; the rotating nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the spinning cup and is used to eject the spinning solution at a high speed; the plane collection device is arranged below the spinning cup and is used to collect the spun fibers. Specifically, the rotation speed of the high-speed motor, that is, the rotation speed of centrifugal spinning, is preferably 3000-4000 rpm, the aperture of the spinneret is preferably 0.4-0.6 mm, the receiving distance is preferably 2-3 cm, the ambient temperature is preferably 25-30 °C, and the humidity is preferably 25-40%.

[0051] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, centrifugal spinning is carried out by using a centrifugal spinning device with a unique structure of plane collection. The anti-radiation mixed spinning solution is ejected from the rotating nozzle under the drive of centrifugal force and forms a jet. At the same time, by reasonably controlling parameters such as the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning device, the aperture of the spinneret and the collection distance, the jet ejected from the rotating nozzle is stretched and solidified, so as to obtain anti-radiation fibers with a compact structure and neat arrangement. This device innovatively realizes the controllable deposition of micro-nano fibers on a two-dimensional plane, providing a reliable technical support for the preparation of a large-area uniform anti-radiation fiber membrane.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the centrifugal spinning technology refers to a method of forming fibers by the centrifugal force generated during high-speed rotation. This process does not require a high-voltage electric field and can process various materials such as polymers, ceramics, and composite materials. Compared with electrospinning, its productivity has increased by two orders of magnitude, so it is very suitable for large-scale production applications. In addition, by adjusting key parameters such as the rotation speed, nozzle aperture, and collection distance, the diameter size and morphological characteristics of the fibers can be precisely controlled, demonstrating significant advantages such as high efficiency, wide compatibility, and high controllability. At the same time, centrifugal spinning is a novel, efficient, and low-cost fiber manufacturing method, making it highly competitive in large-scale fiber preparation and multifunctional fiber development.

[0053] Secondly, the present application embodiment provides an anti-radiation fiber prepared by the preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber provided in the first aspect of the present application. The anti-radiation fiber has a shielding rate of up to 82.17% for X-rays under the condition of 100 keV, a shielding rate of up to 60.29% for γ-rays under the condition of 660 keV, a shielding rate of up to 80.98% for neutrons under the condition of 0.5 eV, a fiber tensile strength of up to 18.39 MPa, and an air permeability of up to 516.51 mm / s for the fabric.

[0054] In the technical solution of the present application embodiment, by adopting a specific method to prepare the anti-radiation fiber, the obtained anti-radiation fiber has excellent structure, is harmless to the human body, has excellent and durable anti-radiation performance, excellent mechanical properties, good air permeability, moderate softness, and is environmentally friendly.

[0055] Thirdly, the present application embodiment provides an application of the above anti-radiation fiber in functional textiles. The anti-radiation fiber is woven into a functional textile, and the functional textile is used as a wearable intelligent radiation monitoring fabric and integrated with a flexible sensor array.

[0056] In the technical solution of the present application embodiment, the anti-radiation fiber is applied to anti-radiation textiles, especially high-end field textiles with shielding characteristics such as medical protective clothing and special work clothes, so as to obtain functional textiles with high shielding performance, high moisture absorption and air permeability, and comfort.

[0057] The following lists some specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. For those without specific techniques or conditions noted in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product specifications are followed. Those reagents or instruments without the manufacturer noted are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0058] Example 1 A preparation method of an anti-radiation fiber, comprising the following steps: S1. Add 20 g of polyvinyl butyral with a molecular weight of 60,000 g / mol and 100 g of ethanol into a beaker in a mass ratio of 1:5, stir and blend them. The stirring speed is 250 rpm, the temperature is 25 °C, and the time is 12 h to prepare a polyvinyl butyral solution with a mass fraction of 16.67%.

[0059] S2. Ultrasonically mix 75 g of a sodium tungstate solution with a mass concentration of 30% and 25 g of an acidic bismuth nitrate solution with a mass concentration of 30% in a mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate of 3:1. The ultrasonic stirring power is 2000 W, the time is 60 min, and the temperature is 25 °C to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution. The acidic bismuth nitrate solution is prepared by adding dilute nitric acid to the bismuth salt solution to make its pH value 2 - 3.

[0060] Then, under the protection of 99.999% N₂, add 2.5 g of a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with a mass concentration of 1.5% and 33.72 g of a hydrazine hydrate solution with a mass concentration of 75% into the binary metal salt mixed solution at a speed of 3 g / min and 3 g / min respectively. That is, the addition amount of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is 2.2% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the addition amount of the hydrazine hydrate solution is 30% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution. React at 85 °C with mechanical stirring for 3 h, and the speed of mechanical stirring is 600 rpm.

[0061] Then, slowly add 12.375 g of a sodium borate solution with a mass concentration of 20% into the stirred solution at a speed of 3 g / min (that is, the mass ratio of tungstate, bismuth salt, and borate is 3:1:0.33). After stirring, centrifugal washing, and drying, a ternary metal nano - anti - radiation powder is obtained; mechanically stir at 85 °C for 3 h, and the speed of mechanical stirring is 600 rpm. Then, centrifuge and wash with deionized water for 2 h, and the rotation speed of centrifugal washing is 10,000 rpm. Vacuum dry for 8 h, and the temperature of vacuum drying is 85 °C. Finally, grind using a planetary ball mill, the temperature is preferably 100 °C, the ball - to - material ratio is 5:1, the ball diameter is 1 - 2 mm, and the time is 2 h to obtain a ternary metal nano - anti - radiation powder. As Figure 1 shown, the obtained ternary metal nano - anti - radiation powder is uniformly dispersed spherical nanoparticles. At the same time, as Figure 2 shown, a dense tungsten particle and boron particle coating layer is dispersed on the surface of the obtained ternary metal nano - anti - radiation powder.

[0062] S3. Weigh 200 g of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder prepared in step S2 and add it to the high-polymer spinning precursor solution prepared in step S1. That is, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the high polymer in the high-polymer spinning precursor solution is 10:1. After mechanical stirring for 3 h, an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution is obtained. The stirring speed is 500 rpm, and the stirring temperature is 25 °C.

[0063] Inject the uniformly stirred anti-radiation mixed spinning solution into the spinning cup of a planar collection type centrifugal spinning device. Select a spinning cup with 4 spinnerets. The rotation speed of centrifugal spinning is 3500 rpm, the aperture of the spinneret is 0.4 mm, the receiving distance is 3 cm, adjust the spinning environment temperature to 30 °C, and the humidity to 25%. Then carry out centrifugal spinning, and the anti-radiation fibers as shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b are obtained through collection by the collection belt. As shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b, the obtained anti-radiation fibers are uniform in thickness and smooth on the surface, indicating that the molecular chains of the fibers are well-oriented and have good mechanical properties.

[0064] As shown in Figure 4 , the obtained anti-radiation fibers are white, uniformly dispersed, fluffy continuous filaments, indicating that the spinning stability of the anti-radiation fibers is good, and the obtained anti-radiation fibers have a certain strength.

[0065] Examples 2 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2 A method for preparing anti-radiation fibers, which is different from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of polyvinyl butyral to ethanol in step S1 is different, and the others are substantially the same as in Example 1, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0066] Perform performance tests on the anti-radiation fibers prepared in Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] As shown in Figure 5 , the prepared anti-radiation fibers are processed into a non-woven fabric with a mass of 2 kg / m 2 ( Figure 6 is a diagram of the folded non-woven fabric). Cut the sample into a size of 20 cm × 20 cm in length and width, and conduct anti-radiation tests according to the methods disclosed in Q / 719J 131 - 2018 - "Testing Method for Shielding Performance of Ionizing Radiation Protection Materials" and GB 5172 - 1985 "Regulations on Radiation Protection for Particle Accelerators", and calculate the shielding rate. Among them, the incident energy of X-rays is 100 Kev, the incident energy of γ-rays is 660 Kev, and the incident energy of neutrons is 0.5 eV.

[0068] Test the breaking strength of the fibers according to the method disclosed in GB / T 14344 - 2022 "Test Method for Tensile Properties of Chemical Fiber Filaments", and repeat the test ≥ 50 times.

[0069] The obtained radiation-resistant fibers were formed into a 10 cm × 10 cm sample with a thickness of 5 mm. The air permeability was tested according to the method disclosed in GB / T 5453-1997 "Textiles - Determination of air permeability of fabrics", and the air permeability rate was calculated.

[0070] Where * indicates that the fiber cannot be prepared by centrifugal spinning.

[0071] The conditions for detection in all subsequent examples and comparative examples were the same, and the grammage per square meter of the non-woven fabric used was the same.

[0072] Table 1 Properties of the radiation-resistant fibers in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 As can be seen from Table 1, when the mass ratio of the polymer to the solvent in step S1 changes within a certain range, the radiation resistance of the obtained radiation-resistant fibers fluctuates within a certain range; the tensile strength of the fibers and the air permeability rate of the fabric change greatly. This is because when the content of the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder in the polymer solution remains unchanged, the protective performance is basically stable, but the change in the concentration of the polymer will affect the spinning effect. When the concentration is relatively high, the fibers will be closely packed, and the pores between the fibers will decrease, resulting in a decrease in the air permeability rate. When the concentration is further increased, the solution will not be ejected from the spinning holes, forming a "drop-like accumulation" instead of a jet flow, and the spinning process fails; when the concentration is relatively low, the entanglement of the molecular chains inside the fibers is weak, the formed fiber structure is loose, and the crystallinity is low, resulting in a decrease in the tensile strength. When the concentration is further decreased, the solution cannot form a stable jet flow, but is ejected in the form of droplets and cannot form fibers at all.

[0073] Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 3-4 A method for preparing radiation-resistant fibers, which is different from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate in step S2 is different, the mass concentrations of the sodium tungstate solution and the acidic bismuth nitrate solution remain unchanged, and the addition amounts of the dispersant and the reducing agent are changed in the same proportion. Other aspects are substantially the same as in Example 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0074] The radiation-resistant fibers prepared in Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 3-4 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0075] Table 2 Properties of the radiation-resistant fibers in Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 3-4 As can be seen from Table 2, when the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate varies within a certain range, the tensile strength of the obtained anti-radiation fiber and the air permeability of the fabric fluctuate within a certain range, and the anti-radiation performance of the fabric changes significantly. This is because as the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate changes, the microstructure and the content of different elements of the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder change. In the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder, the bismuth element (high Z, photoelectric effect) dominates the protection against X-rays, the tungsten element (high density, Compton scattering / electron pair effect) dominates the protection against γ-rays, and the boron element mainly protects against neutrons, thus affecting the anti-radiation performance of the fiber. When the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate is too low or too high, the microstructure of the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is poor, resulting in poor anti-radiation performance of the fiber.

[0076] Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 5-6 A preparation method of anti-radiation fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that the addition amount of sodium borate in step S2 is different, that is, the mass ratio of bismuth salt to borate is different, the mass concentration of sodium borate remains unchanged, and the addition amounts of the dispersant and the reducing agent are changed in the same proportion, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0077] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 5-6 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0078] Table 3 Performance of the anti-radiation fibers in Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 5-6 As can be seen from Table 3, as the addition amount of sodium borate increases, the shielding efficiency of the fabric against X-rays gradually decreases, and the neutron protection performance of the fiber will increase because the boron-10 element dominates the protection against neutrons, and the greater the addition amount of this element, the better the protection performance against neutrons; the protection performance against X-rays and γ-rays, as well as the tensile strength and air permeability, are overall good.

[0079] Examples 8-9 and Comparative Examples 7-8 A preparation method of anti-radiation fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that the addition amount of the reducing agent in step S2 is different, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0080] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in Examples 8-9 and Comparative Examples 7-8 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0081] Table 4 Performance of the anti-radiation fibers in Examples 8-9 and Comparative Examples 7-8 As can be seen from Table 4, when the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20%-40%, the tensile strength of the fiber, the radiation resistance and air permeability of the fabric are generally good. When the addition amount of the reducing agent is 30%, the comprehensive protection effect of the fiber is the best. When the addition amount of the reducing agent is less than 20%, the amount of the reducing agent is small at this time, which affects the progress of the reduction reaction, affects the purity and microstructure of the obtained ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder, and thus reduces the radiation resistance of the powder. When the addition amount of the reducing agent is greater than 40%, over-reduction will cause distortion of the microstructure of the powder, thus having a negative impact on the radiation resistance performance.

[0082] Examples 10-11 and Comparative Examples 9-10 A preparation method of radiation-resistant fiber is different from that of Example 1 in that the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution is different in step S3, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0083] The radiation-resistant fibers prepared in Examples 10-11 and Comparative Examples 9-10 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0084] Table 5 Performance of the radiation-resistant fibers of Examples 10-11 and Comparative Examples 9-10 As can be seen from Table 5, as the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution increases continuously, the comprehensive protection performance of the fiber becomes more excellent. This is because as the filling amount of the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder increases, the protective components contained in the fiber increase, and the protective performance of the fiber is better. At the same time, the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder is embedded in the polymer matrix as a rigid filler. Appropriate addition enhances the matrix through the "stress transfer effect", making the tensile strength of the fiber higher. At the same time, the air permeability path changes from "isolated pores" to "inter-particle channels", and the air permeability rate is generally good. However, when the ratio of the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder to the polymer spinning precursor solution exceeds a certain range, that is, when the powder filling amount is too large, the viscosity of the mixed solution increases, resulting in a decrease in the fluidity of the solution during centrifugal spinning. The high viscosity makes it difficult for the solution to form filaments stably under the action of centrifugal force, and the powder is difficult to disperse in the polymer spinning precursor solution, agglomerates to form defects, and then fiber breakage, uneven thickness, and even the phenomenon of unable to form fibers occur.

[0085] Examples 12-13 A preparation method of radiation-resistant fiber is different from that of Example 1 in that the types of polymers used in step S1 are different. The polymer used in Example 12 is PVA, and the corresponding solvent is deionized water; the polymer used in Example 13 is PAN, and the corresponding solvent is DMF; the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0086] The radiation-resistant fibers prepared in Examples 12-13 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 6.

[0087] Table 6 Performance of the radiation-resistant fibers of Examples 12-13 As can be seen from Table 6, radiation-resistant fibers with excellent radiation resistance can be obtained by filling ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powders into PVB, PVA, and PAN polymer matrices respectively, indicating that the radiation-resistant powder has universality and good compatibility with a variety of polymers.

[0088] Comparative Example 11 A method for preparing a radiation-resistant fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that in step S2, sodium tungstate solution and sodium borate solution are first mixed, and after adding a dispersant and a reducing agent, an acidic bismuth nitrate solution is added. The concentrations and dosages of different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0089] Comparative Example 12 A method for preparing a radiation-resistant fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that in step S2, acidic bismuth nitrate solution and sodium borate solution are first mixed, and after adding a dispersant and a reducing agent, sodium tungstate solution is added. The concentrations and dosages of different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0090] Comparative Example 13 A method for preparing a radiation-resistant fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that in step S2, sodium tungstate solution, acidic bismuth nitrate solution and sodium borate solution are first mixed, and then a dispersant and a reducing agent are added. The concentrations and dosages of different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0091] Comparative Example 14 A method for preparing a radiation-resistant fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that in step S2, the reducing agent is directly poured into the mixed solution of sodium tungstate and acidic bismuth nitrate instead of being added dropwise. The concentrations and dosages of different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0092] Comparative Example 15 A method for preparing a radiation-resistant fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that tungsten nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles and boron nanoparticles are prepared by chemical reduction method respectively, and the tungsten nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles and boron nanoparticles are mixed and then added to the polymer spinning precursor solution. The concentrations and dosages of different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0093] Comparative Example 16 A method for preparing radiation-resistant fibers, which is different from Example 1 in that in step S3, centrifugal spinning is not used and is replaced by electrospinning. The others are substantially the same as in Example 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0094] The radiation-resistant fibers prepared in Comparative Examples 11-16 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 7.

[0095] Table 7 Performance of the radiation-resistant fibers of Comparative Examples 11-16 From the data of Comparative Examples 11-13 in Table 8, it can be seen that when the addition order of sodium tungstate solution, acidic bismuth nitrate solution, and sodium borate solution is changed, the radiation resistance of the obtained radiation-resistant fibers is significantly reduced. This shows that in this application, a ternary metal nano radiation-resistant powder with a specific structure is obtained through a specific addition order of different solutions, thereby improving the radiation resistance of the fibers.

[0096] From the data of Comparative Example 14, it can be seen that when the reducing agent is directly poured into the mixed solution of sodium tungstate and acidic bismuth nitrate instead of being dropped, the radiation resistance of the obtained radiation-resistant fibers is significantly reduced. This is mainly because the reduction reaction proceeds chaotically at this time, affecting the microstructure of the obtained ternary metal nano radiation-resistant powder, and thus affecting the performance of the fibers.

[0097] From the data of Comparative Example 15, it can be seen that when tungsten nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles, and boron nanoparticles are directly mixed and then added to the polymer spinning precursor solution, the performance of the obtained radiation-resistant fibers is greatly affected. From the data of Comparative Examples 11-15, it can be seen that when the three kinds of particles are compounded and assembled simultaneously, the structure and performance of the obtained ternary metal nano radiation-resistant powder are better; while directly pouring the reducing agent and one-step reduction of the three elements will both lead to too high local concentration, the reaction rate will increase explosively, a large number of crystal nuclei will be formed and grow rapidly, easily generating aggregates, and at the same time, the structure of the obtained ternary metal nano radiation-resistant powder will change, weakening the radiation protection performance.

[0098] From the data of Comparative Example 16, it can be seen that when centrifugal spinning is changed to electrospinning, although electrospinning can also prepare radiation-resistant fibers, the fiber diameter is very fine, and the tensile strength and air permeability are not as good as those of centrifugal spinning. At the same time, the electrospinning efficiency is low, which is not suitable for large-scale fiber preparation, and the radiation resistance will also be affected.

[0099] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are only examples, and embodiments with the same composition and the same effect within the scope of the technical solution of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. In addition, within the scope of not departing from the gist of this application, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways constructed by combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing radiation-resistant fibers, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a high-polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration; S2. Mix a tungstate solution and an acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution; then, in an inert gas atmosphere, sequentially dropwise add a dispersant and a reducing agent into the binary metal salt mixed solution and react for a preset time; then slowly dropwise add a borate solution, and after stirring, centrifugal washing, drying, and grinding, obtain a ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder; S3. Add the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder into the high-polymer spinning precursor solution and mix to obtain a radiation-resistant mixed spinning solution; perform centrifugal spinning to obtain radiation-resistant fibers.

2. The preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the mass ratio of the tungstate in the tungstate solution, the bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution, and the borate in the borate solution is (1-5):1:(0.31-0.35).

3. The preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass concentration of the dispersant is 0.5%-2%, the addition amount of the dispersant solution is 1%-3% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the dropping rate of the dispersant is 1-5 g / min; the mass concentration of the reducing agent is 60%-80%, the addition amount of the reducing agent solution is 20%-40% of the sum of the masses of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the dropping rate of the reducing agent is 1-5 g / min.

4. The preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano-radiation-resistant powder to the high-polymer in the high-polymer spinning precursor solution is (1-10):

1.

5. The preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 is specifically: Stir and blend a high-polymer and a solvent at a mass ratio of 1:(4-9) to prepare the high-polymer spinning precursor solution; the high-polymer is one of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl butyral; the solvent is one of deionized water, ethanol, and dimethylformamide.

6. The preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 2, wherein The tungstate solution is one or more of sodium tungstate solution, zinc tungstate solution, and ammonium tungstate solution, and the mass concentration of the tungstate solution is 20%-40%; the bismuth salt solution is bismuth nitrate solution, and the mass concentration of the bismuth salt solution is 20%-40%; the borate solution is one or more of sodium borate solution with high-abundance boron-10, ammonium borate solution, and sodium borohydride solution, the mass concentration of the borate solution is 10%-30%, and the abundance of boron-10 isotope in the borate solution ≥90%.

7. The preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reducing agent is one or more of hydrazine hydrate and ascorbic acid; the dispersant is one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.

8. The preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the collection method of the centrifugal spinning is planar collection type, the receiving distance is 1-5 cm; the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning is 3000-6000 rpm, the aperture of the spinneret is 0.4-0.8 mm, the ambient temperature is 20-30 °C, and the humidity is 20%-40%.

9. The radiation-resistant fiber prepared by the method for preparing a radiation-resistant fiber according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The shielding rate of the anti-radiation fiber against X-rays under the condition of 100 keV is 82.17%, the shielding rate against γ-rays under the condition of 660 keV is 60.29%, the shielding rate against neutrons under the condition of 0.5 eV is 80.98%, the tensile strength of the fiber is 18.39 MPa, and the air permeability of the fabric is 516.51 mm / s.

10. Application of the anti-radiation fiber prepared by the preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber according to any one of claims 1-8 or the anti-radiation fiber according to claim 9 in functional textiles, weaving the anti-radiation fiber into a functional textile, and using the functional textile as a wearable intelligent radiation monitoring fabric and an integrated flexible sensor array.

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