Electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation and control system with intelligent optimized driving

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent optimization driving electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation and control system, solves the problem that the function solidification of an existing metasurface is difficult to dynamically adjust, and belongs to the crossing field of electromagnetic metamaterials and intelligent control technologies. The method comprises the steps that a sensor network collects environment multi-dimensional information of a programmable metasurface unit in real time; the controller processes the environment multi-dimensional information to obtain a multi-dimensional sensing result; the multi-dimensional interaction layer inputs design parameters, the intelligent decision-making layer combines the design parameters and a multi-dimensional perception result to construct a target joint optimization model, reverse design is carried out on the super-surface array coding sequence, and a display array coding pattern and a three-dimensional radiation pattern / two-dimensional radiation pattern are obtained according to the designed super-surface array coding sequence; displaying on the multi-dimensional interaction layer; and the controller performs real-time electromagnetic response reconstruction and 1-bit or 2-bit phase modulation on the programmable metasurface unit through the field programmable gate array according to the designed metasurface array coding sequence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system driven by intelligent optimization, belonging to the cross-field of electromagnetic metamaterials and intelligent control technologies. Background Art

[0002] As an important breakthrough in the field of artificial structures, electromagnetic metamaterials achieve precise control of electromagnetic responses through the periodic / quasi-periodic arrangement of sub-wavelength units. Such materials break through the physical limitations of natural materials and demonstrate revolutionary electromagnetic wave regulation capabilities in fields such as stealth technology, new antennas, intelligent radars, and wireless communications. Their physical essence focuses on the interaction mechanism between electromagnetic waves and microstructures. The traditional design paradigm is based on the continuous or quasi-continuous regulation of electromagnetic parameters and is often classified as "analog metamaterials". However, this design method has significant limitations: the complex physical parameter system leads to difficult optimization, the fixed functions are difficult to dynamically adjust, and there is a lack of real-time electromagnetic regulation capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the problem that the functions of existing metasurfaces are fixed and difficult to dynamically adjust, the present invention provides an electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system driven by intelligent optimization.

[0004] An electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system driven by intelligent optimization of the present invention includes: a physical perception layer, an intelligent decision-making layer, and a multi-dimensional interaction layer. The physical perception layer includes programmable metasurface units, a sensor network, a controller, and a field programmable gate array;

[0005] The sensor network is used to collect the environmental multi-dimensional information of the programmable metasurface units in real time and send it to the controller;

[0006] The controller is used to process the environmental multi-dimensional information to obtain multi-dimensional perception results and send the multi-dimensional perception results to the intelligent decision-making layer;

[0007] The controller is also used to perform real-time reconstruction of the electromagnetic response of the programmable metasurface units and perform 1-bit or 2-bit phase modulation on the programmable metasurface units through the field programmable gate array according to the received metasurface array coding sequence;

[0008] The intelligent decision-making layer is used to construct a target joint optimization model by combining design parameters and multi-dimensional perception results, perform inverse design on the metasurface array coding sequence, and send the designed metasurface array coding sequence to the controller;

[0009] The intelligent decision-making layer is also used to obtain the display array coding pattern and three-dimensional radiation pattern / two-dimensional radiation pattern according to the designed metasurface array coding sequence and send them to the multi-dimensional interaction layer;

[0010] The multi-dimensional interaction layer is used to input design parameters, including operating frequency, array scale, beam pointing angle, and RCS reduction index, and send the design parameters to the intelligent decision-making layer. It is also used to display the coding sequence pattern of the metasurface array and the three-dimensional radiation pattern / two-dimensional radiation pattern in real time through a visualization window.

[0011] Preferably, the present invention further includes:

[0012] Based on the real-time display results in the visualization window, the user adjusts the design parameters through the multi-dimensional interaction layer to trigger a new round of optimization loop.

[0013] Preferably, the programmable metasurface unit is embedded with a tunable device to achieve dynamic reconfiguration of electromagnetic parameters. The tunable device is a PIN diode, varactor diode, photosensitive silicon, graphene, or liquid crystal.

[0014] Preferably, the intelligent decision-making layer uses the target joint optimization model as the objective function and obtains the optimized coding sequence of the metasurface array based on the genetic algorithm.

[0015] Preferably, the target joint optimization model includes a beamforming objective function and an RCS reduction objective function;

[0016] The beamforming objective function is used to optimize the beam pointing, beam width, and sidelobe level;

[0017] The RCS reduction objective function is used to minimize the radar cross-section value.

[0018] Preferably, the multi-dimensional interaction layer further includes a single-beam control module, a dual-beam control module, a 2-bit RCS reduction module, a 1-bit RCS reduction module, and an OAM information encryption module;

[0019] The single-beam control module is used to input a single-beam control instruction and send it to the intelligent decision-making layer. When the intelligent decision-making layer performs inverse design on the coding sequence of the metasurface array according to the received single-beam control instruction, based on the far-field scattering principle of the coded metasurface, the genetic algorithm is used to perform inverse design on the array arrangement for achieving the single-beam target angle, and the array coding of the metasurface is obtained to achieve the accurate pointing of a single beam;

[0020] The dual-beam control module is used to input a dual-beam control instruction and send it to the intelligent decision-making layer. When the intelligent decision-making layer performs inverse design on the coding sequence of the metasurface array according to the received dual-beam control instruction, based on the far-field scattering principle of the coded metasurface, the genetic algorithm is used to perform inverse design on the array arrangement for achieving the dual-beam target angle, and the array coding of the metasurface is obtained to achieve the accurate pointing of a dual beam;

[0021] A 2-bit RCS reduction module is used to input 2-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer. The intelligent decision-making layer encodes the far-field scattering principle of the metasurface according to the received 2-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions, and uses the genetic algorithm to reverse-design the array arrangement for realizing RCS reduction, obtaining the array coding of the metasurface, and realizing 2-bit radar cross-section reduction;

[0022] A 1-bit RCS reduction module is used to input 1-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer. The intelligent decision-making layer encodes the far-field scattering principle of the metasurface according to the received 1-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions, and uses the genetic algorithm to reverse-design the array arrangement for realizing RCS reduction, obtaining the array coding of the metasurface, and realizing 1-bit radar cross-section reduction;

[0023] The OAM information encryption module is used to input orbital angular momentum information encryption instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer. When the intelligent decision-making layer reversely designs the metasurface array coding sequence according to the received orbital angular momentum information encryption instructions, physical layer encryption is carried out by using the orthogonality of orbital angular momentum modes, realizing the orbital angular momentum information encryption function.

[0024] Preferably, the 2-bit RCS reduction module supports 4 discrete phase states, and the 1-bit RCS reduction module supports 2 phase states.

[0025] Preferably, the method for the OAM information encryption module to perform physical layer encryption by using the orthogonality of orbital angular momentum modes includes:

[0026] Dynamically regulate the phase distribution of programmable metasurface units to generate a composite wavefront that superimposes multi-modal orbital angular momentum. Embed the observation distance Z0 as a key into the wavefront phase gradient through a preset coding sequence. Only when the receiving end is at the correct observation plane height can the vortex information generated by the metasurface be completely obtained. The matching orbital angular momentum modes are coherently superimposed to restore the information. The unauthorized end causes wavefront distortion due to phase mismatch. Combine the field-programmable gate array to real-time switch the programmable metasurface units to realize double-key encryption of dynamic distance and modes.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. The present invention maps electromagnetic regulation behaviors into information bit stream operations through digital coding, realizing the synchronous completion of electromagnetic field regulation and digital information processing. The present invention realizes a full-process autonomous closed-loop of "perception - decision - regulation", realizes functions such as beamforming, vortex beam generation, and RCS reduction, making the electromagnetic information metasurface have multi-functional reconfigurability. Compared with realizing the dynamic regulation of the beam by introducing feed source compensation phase and using the complex coding addition theorem, the present invention can not only improve the design efficiency but also meet the requirements of various application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the optimization algorithm of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main control panel and electromagnetic function of the system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the function of the single-beam regulation module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the function of the dual-beam regulation module of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the function of the 2-bit RCS reduction module of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the function of the 1-bit RCS reduction module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the 1st-order modal orbital angular momentum in the OAM information encryption module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the 2nd-order modal orbital angular momentum in the OAM information encryption module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0039] Next, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not a limitation of the present invention.

[0040] The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system of this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the system includes a physical perception layer, an intelligent decision-making layer, and a multi-dimensional interaction layer.

[0041] As the hardware core of the system, the physical perception layer includes Programmable Metasurface, sensor network, Microcontroller Unit, and Field-Programmable Gate Array, providing a physical carrier for the real-time dynamic regulation of electromagnetic characteristics.

[0042] The physical perception layer includes Programmable Metasurface, sensor network, Microcontroller Unit, and Field-Programmable Gate Array;

[0043] The sensor network is used to collect the environmental multi-dimensional information of the Programmable Metasurface in real time and send it to the controller;

[0044] The controller is used to process the environmental multi-dimensional information to obtain multi-dimensional perception results and send the multi-dimensional perception results to the intelligent decision-making layer;

[0045] The controller is also used to perform real-time reconstruction of the electromagnetic response of the Programmable Metasurface and 1-bit or 2-bit phase modulation on the Programmable Metasurface through the Field-Programmable Gate Array according to the received coding sequence of the metasurface array;

[0046] The intelligent decision-making layer is used to construct a target joint optimization model by combining design parameters and multi-dimensional perception results, perform inverse design on the coding sequence of the metasurface array, and send the designed coding sequence of the metasurface array to the controller;

[0047] The intelligent decision-making layer is also used to obtain the display array coding pattern, three-dimensional radiation pattern / two-dimensional radiation pattern according to the designed coding sequence of the metasurface array and send them to the multi-dimensional interaction layer;

[0048] The multi-dimensional interaction layer is used to input design parameters, including operating frequency, array scale, beam pointing angle, and RCS reduction index, send the design parameters to the intelligent decision-making layer, and is also used to display the coding sequence pattern of the metasurface array, three-dimensional radiation pattern / two-dimensional radiation pattern in real time through a visualization window.

[0049] The programmable metasurface unit realizes precise control of surface electromagnetic parameters through embedded tunable units. Its 1-bit / 2-bit phase modulation capability can support discrete or quasi-continuous wavefront control, laying a foundation for beamforming and RCS (Radar Cross Section) reduction. The tunable devices are PIN diodes, varactor diodes, photosensitive silicon, graphene, or liquid crystals. The sensor network (such as electromagnetic field probes, temperature sensors, etc.) collects multi-dimensional environmental information in real time, and realizes low-latency data processing and feedback control through the controller and the field-programmable gate array platform. The parallel computing characteristics of the field-programmable gate array are combined with the logical control ability of the controller to ensure the rapid refresh (millisecond-level response) of the metasurface coding sequence, meeting the real-time requirements in complex electromagnetic scenarios.

[0050] In this embodiment, the intelligent decision-making layer relies on intelligent optimization frameworks such as genetic algorithms to construct an objective joint optimization model to solve the problem of optimizing the coding sequence in electromagnetic regulation. Target functions are constructed for different task requirements (such as precise beam pointing, minimizing the RCS value). Through the global search ability of the genetic algorithm, it quickly approaches the optimal beam pattern and metasurface coding sequence in the solution space, and at the same time supports dynamic parameter configuration.

[0051] Users adjust the design parameters through the multi-dimensional interaction layer according to the results displayed in real time on the visualization window, triggering a new round of optimization cycle.

[0052] This embodiment's multi-dimensional interaction layer focuses on the cross-domain collaboration between electromagnetic regulation and information security. The multi-dimensional interaction layer also includes a single-beam regulation module, a dual-beam regulation module, a 2-bit RCS reduction module, a 1-bit RCS reduction module, and an OAM information encryption module:

[0053] The single-beam regulation module is used to input single-beam regulation instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer. When the intelligent decision-making layer performs reverse design on the metasurface array coding sequence according to the received single-beam regulation instructions, based on the far-field scattering principle of the coded metasurface, the genetic algorithm is used to perform reverse design on the array arrangement for achieving the single-beam target angle, obtaining the array coding of the metasurface, and realizing the precise pointing of a single beam; based on phased array antenna technology, it realizes the precise pointing and dynamic adjustment of a single beam, and is applicable to high-gain directional communication or radar detection scenarios. Its core algorithm controls the beam direction through phase weighting to ensure low sidelobe level and high main lobe efficiency.

[0054] Dual-beam control module, which is used to input dual-beam control instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer, enabling the intelligent decision-making layer to encode the far-field scattering principle of the metasurface according to the received dual-beam control instructions, and using the genetic algorithm to reverse-design the array arrangement for achieving the dual-beam target angles, obtaining the array encoding of the metasurface, and realizing the precise pointing of the dual-beams; the dual-beam control module extends the single-beam function and supports the synchronous generation and control of two independent beams. This module improves the system capacity through spatial division multiplexing technology and can be applied to multi-target tracking or dual-band communication, significantly improving the resource utilization rate.

[0055] The single-beam control module and the dual-beam control module support the dynamic generation of single / dual beams, and precisely control the beam pointing, beam width, and sidelobe level through the optimization of the array encoding sequence, and are applicable to the scenarios of directional communication and interference suppression.

[0056] 2-bit RCS reduction module, which is used to input 2-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer, enabling the intelligent decision-making layer to encode the far-field scattering principle of the metasurface according to the received 2-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions, and using the genetic algorithm to reverse-design the array arrangement for achieving RCS reduction, obtaining the array encoding of the metasurface, and realizing the 2-bit radar cross-section reduction; the 2-bit RCS reduction module is based on artificial electromagnetic metamaterials or digital coding surface technology, and actively reduces the radar cross-section (RCS) by dynamically regulating the surface impedance distribution. Among them, 2-bit quantization provides 4 discrete phase states, supporting finer scattering field control. With its high-precision control ability, 2-bit has more advantages in complex stealth requirements. For example, for the stealth of high-value targets: such as stealth fighter jets or ships, deep RCS reduction needs to be achieved at specific frequencies and angles.

[0057] 1-bit RCS reduction module, which is used to input 1-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer, enabling the intelligent decision-making layer to encode the far-field scattering principle of the metasurface according to the received 1-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions, and using the genetic algorithm to reverse-design the array arrangement for achieving RCS reduction, obtaining the array encoding of the metasurface, and realizing the 1-bit radar cross-section reduction; 1-bit quantization only requires 2 phase states, simplifying the hardware implementation and being applicable to scenarios with high real-time requirements. The 1-bit and 2-bit programmable metasurface units each have their applicable scenarios in RCS reduction: 1-bit is known for its low cost and high real-time performance and is suitable for wide-band fast stealth. For example, it is required to respond to dynamic threats (such as drones) in real time and is applicable to cost-sensitive scenarios (such as vehicle-mounted radar stealth).

[0058] The OAM information encryption module is used to input the orbital angular momentum information encryption instruction and send it to the intelligent decision-making layer. When the intelligent decision-making layer performs reverse design on the metasurface array coding sequence according to the received orbital angular momentum information encryption instruction, it uses the orthogonality of orbital angular momentum modes for physical layer encryption to realize the orbital angular momentum information encryption function.

[0059] The OAM information encryption module combines the orbital angular momentum (OAM) modulation technology to embed information into the phase vortex characteristics of electromagnetic waves, and realizes physical layer encryption through the multiplexing and demodulation of OAM modes, improving the anti-interception ability of wireless communication. This layer realizes the dynamic matching of electromagnetic regulation parameters and information encryption requirements through reverse design of array layout and optimal coding output. For example, in the radar stealth scenario, the reverse design algorithm can inversely deduce the optimal spatial layout of metasurface units according to the target RCS reduction index; while in the communication encryption scenario, the coding optimization algorithm generates an excitation distribution that satisfies the orthogonality of OAM modes to ensure the security of information transmission. Real-time visualization window: Provides a graphical interface for key parameters such as electromagnetic field distribution, RCS pattern, and OAM mode spectrum, assisting the operator to intuitively evaluate the regulation effect and supporting manual intervention and strategy adjustment. The OAM information encryption module uses the orthogonality of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes of electromagnetic waves to encode information in different OAM modes and realizes physical layer encryption through mode superposition and demodulation. This technology breaks through the limitations of traditional encryption algorithms and has advantages such as high dimension and anti-interception.

[0060] The system of this embodiment realizes a "perception-interaction-decision" closed loop through the vertical integration of a three-layer architecture, and its innovation lies in:

[0061] (1) Multimodal integration: Integrates electromagnetic regulation, stealth, and information encryption functions on a unified platform, breaking through the limitations of traditional single-function devices;

[0062] (2) Real-time dynamic reconstruction: Based on the hardware acceleration of field programmable gate arrays and the software-hardware cooperation of intelligent algorithms, it realizes millisecond-level response and adapts to complex electromagnetic environments;

[0063] (3) Cross-domain collaborative optimization: Solves the electromagnetic resource competition problem (such as the efficiency balance between stealth and communication) through the linkage of information-physical dual-domain parameters. This system has broad application prospects in military stealth communication, intelligent radar countermeasure, and 6G secure transmission, etc., providing an engineering reference for the design of the next-generation electromagnetic information integration system.

[0064] Such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the present invention is based on the far-field scattering principle of the coded metasurface, and uses a genetic algorithm to inversely design the array arrangement of the target angle to obtain the electromagnetic information metasurface array coding. Based on the genetic algorithm to inversely design the metasurface array coding, first, parameters such as the center frequency, unit period, and metasurface array size are initialized, and then an initial population containing 50 individuals is randomly generated, and each individual is an N×N random coding sequence. The present invention sets the objective function of beamforming as The objective function of RCS reduction is set as Calculate the objective function value under the coding sequence, and judge whether the termination condition is satisfied, that is, whether the set maximum number of iterations 150 times is reached. If it is satisfied, output the optimal coding sequence; otherwise, perform operations such as selection, crossover (random multi-point crossover ratio is 0.9), and mutation (probability is 0.5) on the population, and then calculate the objective function value of the offspring population. Repeat this process to form a loop until the set number of iterations is reached, and finally output the optimal array coding. The objective joint optimization model of this embodiment includes a beamforming objective function and an RCS reduction objective function;

[0065] The beamforming objective function is used to optimize the beam pointing, beam width, and sidelobe level;

[0066] The RCS reduction objective function is used to minimize the radar cross-section value.

[0067] As Figure 3 shown, the system main control panel and electromagnetic function schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0068] As Figure 4 shown, the single-beam function schematic diagram of this embodiment. Figure 4 Shows the core parameter configuration and simulation optimization results of the single-beam regulation module based on the electromagnetic information metasurface, reflecting the complete working process from hardware parameter definition to beam pattern generation. The left side is the system parameter configuration, and the key parameters include the center frequency, unit period, beam pointing (pitch angle and azimuth angle), and array scale (M rows × N columns). The right side optimization result area includes the array coding sequence, three-dimensional far-field pattern, and beam pointing.

[0069] As Figure 5 shown, the dual-beam function schematic diagram of this embodiment. Figure 5 Shows the core parameter configuration and simulation optimization results of the dual-beam regulation module based on the electromagnetic information metasurface.

[0070] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, it is a functional schematic diagram of the 2-bit RCS reduction module in this embodiment. On the left is the system parameter configuration, and the key parameters include the center frequency, unit period, and array scale (M rows × N columns). The optimization result area on the right includes the array coding sequence, three-dimensional far-field pattern, beam pointing, and two-dimensional far-field pattern. With its high-precision regulation ability, 2-bit has more advantages in complex stealth requirements. For example, for the stealth of high-value targets: such as stealth fighters or ships, deep RCS reduction needs to be achieved at specific frequencies and angles.

[0071] The electromagnetic information metasurface realizes the reduction of the radar cross section (RCS) by designing the phase distribution characteristics of the metasurface unit and dynamically regulating the scattering behavior of electromagnetic waves. Its core principle is to utilize the programmable characteristics of the metasurface unit to disperse the energy of the incident electromagnetic wave to multiple non-threatening directions or reduce the main lobe reflection intensity through phase cancellation. The specific methods include: the phase gradient design based on the coding sequence, distributing the scattering energy to multiple directions through convolution operation, using the characteristic that the phase difference of the metasurface unit is 180°, making the reflected waves of adjacent units cancel each other out in opposite phases, and offsetting the scattering pattern to multiple discrete angles through the array layout combined with the convolution algorithm, thereby reducing the energy density in each direction. In addition, the dynamic reconfigurable technology (such as integrating switching diodes or photosensitive materials) allows real-time adjustment of the coding mode. For example, optimizing the coding sequence through genetic algorithms to quickly generate the optimal 1-bit, 2-bit, or 3-bit coding matrix, enabling the metasurface to exhibit the best diffuse reflection characteristics within a specific frequency band, and at the same time combining three-dimensional simulation to verify the uniformity of the far-field energy distribution to achieve dynamic RCS. Using coding units to construct one-dimensional or two-dimensional phase gradients, or controlling the equivalent phase distribution of the dynamic scattering metal layer through switching diodes to randomize the reflected beam in the spatial and frequency domains, reducing the radar detectability of the target. Experimental and simulation results show that the above technologies can effectively reduce the RCS and have broadband and multi-angle adaptability, providing key technical support for the next-generation stealth platform and intelligent electromagnetic regulation system.

[0072] As Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it is a functional schematic diagram of the 1-bit RCS reduction module in this embodiment. On the left is the system parameter configuration, and the key parameters include the center frequency, unit period, and array scale (M rows × N columns). The optimization result area on the right includes the array coding sequence, three-dimensional far-field pattern, beam pointing, and two-dimensional far-field pattern. 1-bit is known for its low cost and high real-time performance and is suitable for wide-band fast stealth. For example, it needs to respond to dynamic threats in real time (such as unmanned aerial vehicles) and is applicable to cost-sensitive scenarios (such as vehicle-mounted radar stealth).

[0073] As Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the orbital angular momentum function in the OAM information encryption module of this embodiment. On the left is the system parameter configuration, and the key parameters include the topological charge number, the central frequency, the unit period, and the number of array elements. On the right, the optimization result area includes the array coding sequence, the beam pointing, the three-dimensional far-field pattern, and the two-dimensional far-field pattern. The orbital angular momentum modes of this system support four forms: -2, -1, +1, and +2. The positive sign indicates clockwise change, and the negative sign indicates counterclockwise change. The 1st-order mode means that within one period observed along the transmission axis, the electric field phase gradually changes by 360° around the axis, and the 2nd-order mode means that within one period observed along the transmission axis, the electric field phase gradually changes by 720° around the axis. Anti-eavesdropping wireless communication: (1) Dynamic spectrum sharing: The metasurface dynamically switches the OAM mode and frequency to achieve encrypted transmission of multi-band signals. For example, in 6G communication, by combining OAM with the millimeter-wave band, eavesdropping can be avoided through dynamic beamforming. (2) Anti-lateral offset eavesdropping: The receiving end needs to accurately align with the central airspace of the OAM beam. A slight offset (such as 0.1 mm) can cause the decoding error of the eavesdropper to exceed 90%.

[0074] The method for physical layer encryption using the orthogonality of orbital angular momentum modes in the OAM information encryption module of this embodiment includes:

[0075] Dynamically regulate the phase distribution of programmable metasurface units to generate a composite wavefront with superimposed multi-modal orbital angular momentum. Embed the observation distance Z0 as the key into the wavefront phase gradient through a preset coding sequence. Only when the receiving end is at the correct observation plane height can the vortex information generated by the metasurface be completely obtained, and the matching orbital angular momentum modes are coherently superimposed to restore the information. The unauthorized end causes wavefront distortion due to phase mismatch. Combine the field-programmable gate array to switch the programmable metasurface units in real time to achieve double-key encryption of dynamic distance and mode. Specifically:

[0076] The orbital angular momentum custom design system proposed in this embodiment realizes encrypted communication based on the joint modulation of spatial phase and OAM mode through a digital coding metasurface. Its core principle lies in using the dynamic phase regulation ability of digital coding metasurface units to embed the information encryption process into the construction of the spatial wavefront of electromagnetic waves: First, generate a helical phase wavefront carrying the target OAM mode (such as e jlθ) and superimposing multiple preset modes to form a composite vortex beam, so that the original information is decomposed into multi-mode orthogonal components at the physical layer; secondly, the observation plane distance is introduced as a key parameter, and by accurately calculating the phase evolution characteristics of the composite wavefront at different transmission distances, the spatial phase gradient and coding sequence of the metasurface unit are designed, so that the information can only be reconstructed by the matching OAM mode superposition at a specific transmission distance (key distance). For example, at the transmitter, the metasurface maps the plaintext into a multi-mode OAM beam through a preset binary coding pattern, and its phase distribution function is a part of the coding key; during the transmission process, the composite wavefront generates an additional quadratic phase term due to the change of the propagation distance, resulting in the unauthorized receiver (distance deviation Vz) being unable to correctly decouple the OAM mode components and only being able to obtain the noise-scattered field, while the authorized receiver compensates for the phase distortion in reverse through the preset key and extracts each mode component for coherent synthesis, thereby restoring the original information. This method further combines the dynamic reconfigurable characteristics of the digital coding metasurface, and changes the OAM mode combination rule and phase weight coefficient by real-time switching of the coding sequence, realizing a "one-time-one-key" dynamic encryption strategy - for example, a 1-bit coding metasurface controlled by a field programmable gate array can switch the coding matrix at the microsecond level, modulate a specific frequency carrier into an equal random mode pair, and update the key distance dynamically at the same time, making it difficult for eavesdroppers to crack the multi-dimensional key space through a fixed algorithm.

[0077] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein can be combined in a different manner than that described in the original claims. It should also be understood that the features described in connection with a single embodiment can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system driven by intelligent optimization, characterized in that Including: A physical perception layer, an intelligent decision-making layer, and a multi-dimensional interaction layer. The physical perception layer includes programmable metasurface units, a sensor network, a controller, and a field-programmable gate array; The sensor network is used to collect multi-dimensional environmental information of the programmable metasurface units in real time and send it to the controller; The controller is used to process the multi-dimensional environmental information to obtain multi-dimensional perception results and send the multi-dimensional perception results to the intelligent decision-making layer; The controller is also used to perform real-time reconstruction of the electromagnetic response of the programmable metasurface units and perform 1-bit or 2-bit phase modulation on the programmable metasurface units through the field-programmable gate array according to the received metasurface array coding sequence; The intelligent decision-making layer is used to construct a target joint optimization model by combining design parameters and multi-dimensional perception results, perform inverse design on the metasurface array coding sequence, and send the designed metasurface array coding sequence to the controller; The intelligent decision-making layer is also used to obtain a display array coding pattern and a three-dimensional radiation pattern / two-dimensional radiation pattern according to the designed metasurface array coding sequence and send them to the multi-dimensional interaction layer; The multi-dimensional interaction layer is used to input design parameters, including operating frequency, array scale, beam pointing angle, and RCS reduction index, and send the design parameters to the intelligent decision-making layer. It is also used to display the metasurface array coding sequence pattern and the three-dimensional radiation pattern / two-dimensional radiation pattern in real time through a visualization window.

2. The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: The user adjusts the design parameters through the multi-dimensional interaction layer according to the real-time display result of the visualization window, triggering a new round of optimization cycle.

3. The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable metasurface units are embedded with tunable devices to achieve dynamic reconstruction of electromagnetic parameters. The tunable devices are PIN diodes, varactor diodes, photosensitive silicon, graphene, or liquid crystals.

4. The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent decision-making layer uses the target joint optimization model as the objective function and obtains the optimized metasurface array coding sequence based on the genetic algorithm.

5. The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The target joint optimization model includes a beamforming objective function and an RCS reduction objective function; The beamforming objective function is used to optimize the beam pointing, beam width, and sidelobe level; The RCS reduction objective function is used to minimize the radar cross-section value.

6. The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional interaction layer also includes a single-beam regulation module, a dual-beam regulation module, a 2-bit RCS reduction module, a 1-bit RCS reduction module, and an OAM information encryption module; The single-beam regulation module is used to input a single-beam regulation instruction and send it to the intelligent decision-making layer, so that the intelligent decision-making layer, according to the received single-beam regulation instruction, when performing inverse design on the metasurface array coding sequence, based on the far-field scattering principle of the coded metasurface, uses the genetic algorithm to perform inverse design on the array arrangement for achieving the single-beam target angle, and obtains the array coding of the metasurface to achieve the precise pointing of a single beam; The dual-beam regulation module is used to input a dual-beam regulation instruction and send it to the intelligent decision-making layer, so that the intelligent decision-making layer, according to the received dual-beam regulation instruction, the far-field scattering principle of the coded metasurface, uses the genetic algorithm to perform inverse design on the array arrangement for achieving the dual-beam target angles, and obtains the array coding of the metasurface to achieve the precise pointing of a dual beam; The 2-bit RCS reduction module is used to input 2-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer. The intelligent decision-making layer encodes the far-field scattering principle of the metasurface according to the received 2-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions, and uses the genetic algorithm to perform reverse design on the array arrangement for realizing RCS reduction, obtains the array coding of the metasurface, and realizes 2-bit radar cross-section reduction; The 1-bit RCS reduction module is used to input 1-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer. The intelligent decision-making layer encodes the far-field scattering principle of the metasurface according to the received 1-bit radar cross-section reduction instructions, and uses the genetic algorithm to perform reverse design on the array arrangement for realizing RCS reduction, obtains the array coding of the metasurface, and realizes 1-bit radar cross-section reduction; The OAM information encryption module is used to input orbital angular momentum information encryption instructions and send them to the intelligent decision-making layer. When the intelligent decision-making layer performs reverse design on the metasurface array coding sequence according to the received orbital angular momentum information encryption instructions, it uses the orthogonality of orbital angular momentum modes for physical layer encryption to realize the orbital angular momentum information encryption function.

7. The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that The 2-bit RCS reduction module supports 4 discrete phase states, and the 1-bit RCS reduction module supports 2 phase states.

8. The intelligent optimization-driven electromagnetic information metasurface multi-dimensional dynamic regulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for the OAM information encryption module to perform physical layer encryption using the orthogonality of orbital angular momentum modes includes: Dynamically regulating the phase distribution of programmable metasurface units to generate a composite wavefront superimposing multi-modal orbital angular momentum, embedding the observation distance Z0 as a key into the wavefront phase gradient through a preset coding sequence. Only when the receiving end is at the correct observation plane height can the vortex information generated by the metasurface be completely obtained, and the matching orbital angular momentum modes are coherently superimposed to restore the information. The unauthorized end causes wavefront distortion due to phase mismatch, and combines with the field programmable gate array to switch the programmable metasurface units in real time to realize double-key encryption of dynamic distance and modes.

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