Electroencephalogram signal acquisition system and method based on skull electrical conduction modification

Abstract

The invention relates to an electroencephalogram signal acquisition system and method based on skull electrical conduction modification, and the method comprises the steps: collecting adult stem cells of a subject, and converting the adult stem cells into human induced pluripotent stem cells; inducing and differentiating the human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells, and integrating the brain nerve cells on a biological scaffold with good biocompatibility to form a cell-material compound; placing the formed cell-material compound into a target brain region of a collection receiver; the growth of the implanted cell-material compound in the brain is promoted, and new nerve connection is formed; and recording an electroencephalogram signal at the scalp above the implanted cell-material compound. According to the invention, the skull in the target brain area to be transformed of the subject is transformed to overcome the skull barrier effect, so that intracranial neurons can discharge and be conducted to the scalp conveniently, and the signal-to-noise ratio of scalp electroencephalogram signals is improved; meanwhile, the cell-material compound is implanted into the skull hole, so that new nerve connection can be promoted, and the electroencephalogram signals collected on the scalp contain more information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of brain-computer interfaces, and particularly relates to an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal acquisition system and method based on skull electroconductivity modification. Background Art

[0002] A brain-computer interface is a system that establishes direct information interaction between the brain and external devices. By detecting brain activities and converting them into control signals, seamless interaction between the brain and the external world can be achieved. EEG signal acquisition is the core basic link of a brain-computer interface system, and its importance is self-evident. High-quality EEG signals can greatly facilitate subsequent EEG signal decoding. Currently, scalp EEG signals have become the most commonly used EEG signals in brain-computer interfaces due to advantages such as high temporal resolution, relatively low-cost acquisition devices, and non-invasive acquisition processes. However, due to the restriction of the skull shielding effect, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the acquired scalp EEG signals is usually low, which is not convenient for subsequent EEG decoding and thus hinders the application development of brain-computer interfaces.

[0003] Existing research mainly improves the quality of scalp EEG signals from two aspects. On the one hand, sensors are optimized, such as using electrodes and conductive gels with good conductivity to ensure good contact between the electrodes and the scalp; new electrode materials or designs are adopted to improve the spatial resolution of EEG signals. On the other hand, advanced signal processing technologies are used to improve the SNR of signals through technologies such as filtering, denoising, and artifact removal. There is little research on optimizing the transmission path from the source signal to the scalp EEG signal. In the transmission path from intracranial neuron discharges to the scalp-recorded EEG signals, the biggest obstacle comes from the skull. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose an EEG signal acquisition system and method based on skull electroconductivity modification, which can significantly improve the quality of scalp EEG signals.

[0005] The present invention solves its technical problems by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A brain electrical signal acquisition system based on cranial electroconductive modification, characterized in that: it includes a cell extraction and transformation module, a cell differentiation and integration module, a cell implantation module, a cell growth module, and a brain electrical signal extraction module. Among them, the cell extraction and transformation module, the cell differentiation and integration module, the cell implantation module, the cell growth module, and the brain electrical signal extraction module are connected in sequence. The cell extraction and transformation module is used to collect adult stem cells of a subject and transform them into human induced pluripotent stem cells. The cell differentiation and integration module is used to induce the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells and integrate them on a biocompatible biological scaffold to form a cell-material complex. The cell implantation module is used to implant the formed cell-material complex into the target brain area of the subject. The cell growth module is used to promote the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and form new neural connections. The brain electrical signal extraction module is used to record brain electrical signals at the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex.

[0007] Moreover, the cell extraction and transformation module extracts adult stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential from the spinal cord of the subject.

[0008] Moreover, the cell differentiation and integration module induces the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells in the direction of brain nerve cells and finally differentiates them into brain nerve cells with electrophysiological activity, and integrates the nerve cells on a graphene scaffold with good biocompatibility to form a nerve cell-graphene complex.

[0009] Moreover, the cell implantation module modifies the skull of the target brain area to be modified of the subject and implants the nerve cell-graphene complex at the target brain area to promote the growth of the implanted nerve cells in the brain and form new neural connections.

[0010] A collection method of a brain electrical signal acquisition system based on cranial electroconductive modification, including the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: The cell extraction and transformation module collects adult stem cells of the subject and transforms them into human induced pluripotent stem cells;

[0012] Step 2: The cell differentiation and integration module induces the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells and integrates them on a biocompatible biological scaffold to form a cell-material complex;

[0013] Step 3: The cell implantation module implants the formed cell-material complex into the target brain area of the subject;

[0014] Step 4: The cell growth module promotes the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and forms new neural connections;

[0015] Step 5: The brain electrical signal extraction module records brain electrical signals at the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex.

[0016] Moreover, the specific implementation method of step 4 is as follows: The cell growth module uses anti-inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factors to reduce immune rejection, and promotes nerve synapses through the gradient release of growth factors, promoting the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and forming new neural connections.

[0017] Moreover, the specific implementation method of step 5 is as follows: The electroencephalogram (EEG) signal extraction module places scalp EEG electrodes on the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex to record EEG signals, and analyzes the recorded EEG signals to extract EEG features.

[0018] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention collects adult stem cells of a subject and transforms them into human induced pluripotent stem cells; induces and differentiates the human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells, and integrates them on a biocompatible biological scaffold to form a cell-material complex; places the formed cell-material complex into the target brain region of the collected subject; promotes the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and forms new neural connections; records EEG signals at the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex. The present invention modifies the skull of the target brain region to be modified in the subject to overcome the skull barrier effect, facilitating the conduction of intracranial neuron discharges to the scalp and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of scalp EEG signals; at the same time, the present invention implants a cell-material complex at the skull hole, which can promote new neural connections, so that the EEG signals collected on the scalp contain more information. The present invention can reduce damage to the skull and brain tissue, reduce the rejection reaction of brain tissue, and at the same time can significantly improve the quality of scalp EEG signals. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The following further details the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] An EEG signal acquisition system based on skull electroconductivity modification includes a cell extraction and transformation module, a cell differentiation and integration module, a cell placement module, a cell growth module, and an EEG signal extraction module, wherein the cell extraction and transformation module, the cell differentiation and integration module, the cell placement module, the cell growth module, and the EEG signal extraction module are connected in sequence, as Figure 1As shown, the cell extraction and transformation module is used to collect adult stem cells from the subject and transform them into human induced pluripotent stem cells. The cell differentiation and integration module is used to induce the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells and integrate them on a biocompatible biologic scaffold to form a cell-material complex. The cell implantation module is used to implant the formed cell-material complex into the target brain region of the subject. The cell growth module is used to promote the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and form new neural connections. The electroencephalogram (EEG) signal extraction module is used to record EEG signals at the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex.

[0023] The cell extraction and transformation module extracts adult stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential from the spinal cord of the subject.

[0024] The cell differentiation and integration module induces the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells, and finally differentiates them into electrophysiologically active brain nerve cells, and integrates the nerve cells on a graphene scaffold with good biocompatibility to form a nerve cell-graphene complex.

[0025] The cell implantation module minimally invades and modifies the skull of the target brain region of the subject without affecting intracranial pressure, drills a hole in the skull of the target brain region using a skull drill, and implants the nerve cell-graphene complex at the target brain region to promote the growth of the implanted nerve cells in the brain and form new neural connections.

[0026] Among them, the corresponding position is implanted at the target brain region according to needs. If it is a motor task, it is implanted in the motor area of the brain. If it is a visual task, it is implanted in the visual area of the brain.

[0027] The cell growth module implants the cell-material complex at the skull hole of the target brain region to promote the growth of the implanted nerve cells in the brain and form new neural connections.

[0028] A method for collecting EEG signals of an EEG signal acquisition system based on skull electroconductive modification includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: The cell extraction and transformation module collects adult stem cells from the subject and transforms them into human induced pluripotent stem cells;

[0030] Step 2: The cell differentiation and integration module induces the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells and integrates them on a biocompatible biologic scaffold to form a cell-material complex;

[0031] Step 3: The cell implantation module implants the formed cell-material complex into the target brain region of the subject;

[0032] Step 4: The cell growth module uses anti-inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factors to reduce immune rejection, and promotes nerve synapses through the gradient release of growth factors, promoting the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and the formation of new neural connections.

[0033] Step 5: The electroencephalogram (EEG) signal extraction module places scalp EEG electrodes on the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex to record EEG signals, and analyzes the recorded EEG signals to extract EEG features.

[0034] It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Therefore, the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the embodiments described in the specific implementation manners. Any other implementation manners obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of the present invention also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electroencephalogram signal acquisition system based on cranial electroconductivity modification, characterized in that: It includes a cell extraction and transformation module, a cell differentiation integration module, a cell implantation module, a cell growth module, and an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal extraction module. Among them, the cell extraction and transformation module, the cell differentiation integration module, the cell implantation module, the cell growth module, and the EEG signal extraction module are connected in sequence. The cell extraction and transformation module is used to collect adult stem cells from a subject and transform them into human induced pluripotent stem cells. The cell differentiation integration module is used to induce the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells and integrate them on a biocompatible biological scaffold to form a cell-material complex. The cell implantation module is used to implant the formed cell-material complex into the target brain region of the subject. The cell growth module is used to promote the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and form new neural connections. The EEG signal extraction module is used to record EEG signals at the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex.

2. The electroencephalogram signal acquisition system based on cranial electroconductivity modification according to claim 1, wherein: The cell extraction and transformation module extracts adult stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential from the spinal cord of the subject.

3. The electroencephalogram signal acquisition system based on cranial electroconductivity modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cell differentiation integration module induces the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells in the direction of brain nerve cells and finally differentiates them into brain nerve cells with electrophysiological activity, and integrates the nerve cells on a graphene scaffold with good biocompatibility to form a nerve cell-graphene complex.

4. The electroencephalogram signal acquisition system based on skull electroconductive modification according to claim 1, wherein: The cell implantation module remodels the skull of the target brain region to be modified of the subject and implants the nerve cell-graphene complex at the target brain region to promote the growth of the implanted nerve cells in the brain and form new neural connections.

5. A collection method of an electroencephalogram signal collection system based on cranial electroconduction modification as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: The cell extraction and transformation module collects adult stem cells from the subject and transforms them into human induced pluripotent stem cells; Step 2: The cell differentiation integration module induces the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into brain nerve cells and integrates them on a biocompatible biological scaffold to form a cell-material complex; Step 3: The cell implantation module implants the formed cell-material complex into the target brain region of the subject; Step 4: The cell growth module promotes the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and forms new neural connections; Step 5: The EEG signal extraction module records EEG signals at the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex.

6. The acquisition method of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition system based on cranial electroconductive modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific implementation method of Step 4 is as follows: The cell growth module uses anti-inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factors to reduce immune rejection and promotes neural synapses through the gradient release of growth factors, promoting the growth of the implanted cell-material complex in the brain and forming new neural connections.

7. The acquisition method of the electroencephalogram signal acquisition system based on cranial electroconductive modification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific implementation method of Step 5 is as follows: The EEG signal extraction module places scalp EEG electrodes at the scalp above the implanted cell-material complex to record EEG signals and analyzes the recorded EEG signals to extract EEG features.

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