Economic dispatching method, device and equipment based on thermal power generating unit working condition and frequency safety constraint and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides an economic dispatching method, device and equipment based on thermal power generating unit working conditions and frequency safety constraints and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of power system operation and optimal dispatching. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring operation data of a power system and actual operation condition data of a thermal power generating unit; based on the permeability change data and the actual operation condition data of the thermal power generating unit, quantifying the frequency modulation relation between the primary frequency modulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power generating unit and the actual operation condition of the thermal power generating unit; based on the frequency response model and the frequency modulation relation of the power system, constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system; and based on the traditional constraint condition and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, constructing an economic dispatching model which takes economic optimization as a target and is embedded with frequency security constraint, so as to generate an economic dispatching operation strategy according to the economic dispatching model. The stability and economical efficiency of the power system are remarkably improved by comprehensively considering the frequency safety constraint and the working condition of the thermal power generating unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system operation and optimized dispatching, and in particular to an economic dispatching method, device, equipment and storage medium based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid increase in the penetration rate of new energy, problems such as declining inertia of the power system and insufficient frequency regulation capabilities are becoming increasingly prominent, and the frequency stability of the power system faces greater challenges.

[0003] Traditional economic dispatch models aim to minimize power generation costs, only considering static constraints such as power balance and unit start-up and shutdown, and ignoring the following key issues: 1. Frequency safety risk: Fluctuations in renewable energy sources lead to increased system frequency deviations. Traditional models do not embed dynamic frequency constraints, which can easily lead to frequency over-limit accidents. 2. Impact of thermal power unit operating conditions: As a critical regulating resource in the power grid, thermal power units' operating conditions (such as startup status and ramp rate limits) have a significant impact on frequency response capabilities. However, existing dispatch methods generally fail to fully consider these factors. For example, changes in thermal power unit load rates (such as low-load constant-pressure operation and high-load sliding-pressure operation) directly affect their primary frequency regulation capabilities, and existing methods do not model them in a detailed manner. 3. Impact of renewable energy on thermal power output: The temporal and spatial distribution of renewable energy output (such as the peak output of photovoltaic power at noon) causes a periodic decrease in the thermal power load rate, affecting the frequency regulation capability of thermal power units and further weakening the system disturbance power margin.

[0004] Although existing studies have attempted to introduce frequency constraints, they mostly use simplified linear models, do not consider the dynamic response characteristics of the unit (such as prime mover-speed governor time delay and frequency regulation power release rate), and do not couple the relationship between the actual operating conditions of thermal power and frequency regulation capability. This may lead to the scheduling results being unable to meet frequency safety requirements in actual operation, especially when large-scale disturbances occur.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide an economic dispatching solution that can comprehensively consider frequency safety constraints and the operating conditions of thermal power units to improve the stability and economy of the power system is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides an economic dispatch method, device, equipment and storage medium based on the operating conditions of thermal power units and frequency safety constraints. By comprehensively considering the frequency safety constraints and the operating conditions of thermal power units, an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency safety constraints is constructed, and then an economic dispatch operation strategy is generated, which can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units, comprising the following steps: When the power system is connected to renewable energy power, obtaining the operating data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; wherein the operating data of the power system includes at least the change data of the penetration rate of the renewable energy power connected to the power system; quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; Constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints is constructed to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0008] Preferably, according to an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units is quantified based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, including: Calculate the load rate of thermal power units based on the actual operating condition data of thermal power units; Based on the load rate of the thermal power unit and the permeability change data, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

[0009] Preferably, according to an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the formula for calculating the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units is as follows: Where, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, The main steam valve opening; The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula: Where, For the unit output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium and low-pressure cylinders.

[0010] Preferably, according to an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the calculated primary frequency regulation upward adjustable power of the thermal power unit is used to represent the primary frequency regulation upward capability of the thermal power unit; The calculation of the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment of the thermal power unit is characterized by calculating the unit output power when the main steam valve opening is fully opened to 1 minus the unit output power before the adjustment; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is less than 30% and the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts constant pressure operation; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 30% and less than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation; When the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is fixed , and when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of , the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, for Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the unit output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Greater than the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode , and maintain the main steam pressure at Under the condition of no change, the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the unit output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders, It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Less than the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When the adjustable power of the thermal power unit is adjusted by the primary frequency regulation, the formula is as follows: In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the unit output of thermal power units, It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode.

[0011] Preferably, according to an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the adjustable power of the thermal power unit is divided by the thermal power installed capacity to obtain the thermal power load rate of the corresponding operating conditions. The frequency modulation relationship of the adjustable power per unit by primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula: Where, 、 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load rate of thermal power units, the lower limit load rate of thermal power units, and the actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units are as follows: Where, 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 is the rated capacity of thermal power installed capacity; The calculation method of the load factor of thermal power units is as follows: Where, is the load rate of the thermal power unit, 、 They are the output of thermal power and the load of the entire thermal power grid, Represents the installed capacity of thermal power in the entire network, This is the data on changes in the penetration rate of new energy electricity.

[0012] Preferably, according to an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, the dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, including: Based on the frequency response model of the power system, a frequency dynamic curve is drawn, and based on the frequency dynamic curve, a frequency difference curve expression is constructed; Determine the power released by the speed governor and the prime mover over time by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system; Determining the constraints satisfied by the operation of the power system based on the outputs of different units of the thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship; Based on the released power and the constraint conditions, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units, comprising: An acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data of the power system and the actual operation condition data of the thermal power units when the power system is connected to the renewable energy power; wherein the operation data of the power system includes at least the change data of the penetration rate of the renewable energy power connected to the power system; a quantified frequency regulation relationship module, configured to quantify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; Constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model module, for constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; An economic dispatch operation strategy generation module is used to construct an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described above is implemented.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described above.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described economic dispatch methods based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units.

[0017] The present invention provides an economic dispatch method, apparatus, device, and storage medium based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units. The method involves obtaining operating data of the power system and actual operating condition data of the thermal power units when a new energy source is connected to the power system. The operating data of the power system includes at least data on the change in the penetration rate of the new energy source connected to the power system. Based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, the method quantifies the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units. A dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system is constructed based on a frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship. Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints is constructed, thereby generating an economic dispatch operation strategy based on the economic dispatch model. This method achieves the goal of constructing an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints by comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and the operating conditions of the thermal power units, thereby generating an economic dispatch operation strategy. This method can significantly improve the stability and economic efficiency of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the flow charts of an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2This is the dynamic frequency response model of the power system provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the frequency dynamic curve provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the second flow chart of an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an economic dispatching device based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the related art, there are at least the following technical problems: Frequency is a key indicator of power grid operation. For a long time, as the scale of grid interconnection has expanded, the grid's ability to withstand power disturbances has continuously improved, and frequency security issues have not been a prominent concern. However, with the rapid development of renewable energy sources such as wind power, conventional synchronous generators have been replaced, reducing the system's rotational inertia and primary frequency regulation capabilities, making frequency security issues increasingly prominent. Furthermore, direct current (DC) transmission is widely used in my country. DC transmission, especially ultra-high voltage (UHVDC), has a large design capacity. Failures such as DC lockout can cause significant power surges to the system. For example, in my country's Northeast and East China power grids, a high proportion of wind power is transmitted via UHVDC. A DC lockout would result in severe high-frequency issues. In contrast, the East China power grid, which feeds in DC power via DC transmission, would experience severe low-frequency issues if a lockout occurred.

[0027] In a high-proportion wind power system, synchronous generators are required to provide sufficient rotational inertia and primary frequency regulation capability to ensure frequency safety under power disturbances.

[0028] Therefore, it's necessary to consider frequency security constraints in unit commitment (UC) to ensure that the synchronous generators in operation provide sufficient rotational inertia and primary frequency regulation capability. Unit commitment involves scheduling the start and stop times and output status of units within the timeframe of day-ahead scheduling, and the security-consrained unit commitment (SCUC) problem is a key component of this. The generation plan formulated through UC must satisfy the system's security constraints in order to be implemented. Traditional SCUCs often consider security constraints, including static security constraints and transient stability constraints.

[0029] Currently, there are relatively few studies that consider frequency safety constraints.

[0030] The steady-state frequency constraints after a disturbance occurs in the unit combination are considered, but the constraints of the frequency dynamic process are not considered. The most critical frequency safety constraint is that the maximum frequency deviation after a power disturbance is less than a given limit, and the calculation and characterization of the maximum deviation are often relatively complex. Traditional methods for calculating the maximum frequency deviation include time-domain simulation, intelligent algorithms, and analytical methods. The time-domain simulation method requires the construction of a complex simulation model of the system, and the solution efficiency is not high; the intelligent algorithm does not require known model structure and parameters. It is a type of prediction method based on sample learning and requires a large number of samples for learning. However, both can only obtain a numerical solution to the maximum frequency difference, and cannot express it analytically, making it inconvenient to incorporate it into the unit combination constraint conditions.

[0031] In comparison, the analytical method gives an analytical expression for the maximum frequency deviation, which is easier to incorporate into the constraints of the unit combination model. In related technologies, there are methods that incorporate the dynamic process constraints of frequency into the unit combination. In recent years, due to the large-scale access of new energy to the power grid, the system inertia and primary frequency regulation capabilities have decreased, causing frequency safety issues. Many documents have considered the frequency dynamic process in the unit combination model. However, their approach is to use a simple linear model to equate the speed regulator. This approach oversimplifies the speed regulator and cannot truly reflect the action of the speed regulator. To address this problem, in some existing technologies, some parameters of the speed regulator model are unified based on parameter sensitivity, simplifying the maximum frequency difference calculation expression; in other existing technologies, the dynamic characteristics of the speed regulator of each unit are retained separately, but the maximum deviation expression is relatively complex and difficult to solve; and none of the existing technologies consider the impact of spare capacity on system frequency regulation. None of the above considers the actual operating conditions of thermal power units.

[0032] To address the above issues, embodiments of the present invention provide a method that considers the actual operating conditions of thermal power units and dynamic frequency safety constraints. This method ensures that, when the system meets these constraints, the maximum frequency deviation after a disturbance is less than a set limit. This frequency safety constraint expression is practical and concise, and it considers the impact of the unit's primary frequency regulation capacity increase on frequency regulation, making it easy to incorporate into the unit combination solution model. Furthermore, this constraint is conservative, ensuring system safety.

[0033] The following combination Figures 1-6 The present invention describes an economic dispatch method, device, equipment, and storage medium based on the operating conditions of thermal power units and frequency security constraints. By comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and the operating conditions of thermal power units, an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints is constructed, and then an economic dispatch operation strategy is generated, which can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system.

[0034] Figure 1 This is one of the flow charts of an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method may include but is not limited to steps S100 to S400: S100, when a power system is connected to renewable energy power, obtaining operating data of the power system and actual operating condition data of thermal power units; wherein the operating data of the power system includes at least data on a change in the penetration rate of the renewable energy power connected to the power system; S200, quantifying a frequency regulation relationship between a primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; S300, constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; S400, based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, construct an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded with frequency security constraints, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0035] In step S100 of some embodiments, when the power system is connected to new energy power, the operating data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units are obtained; wherein the operating data of the power system at least includes the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power.

[0036] It is understandable that a data acquisition system must be established and connected to various monitoring devices, control systems, and renewable energy power generation equipment within the power system to ensure real-time and accurate collection of power system operating data and the actual operating conditions of thermal power units. Specifically, data on changes in the penetration rate of renewable energy into the power system must be collected through a dedicated monitoring module or extracted from relevant energy management systems. This data reflects the dynamic changes in the proportion of renewable energy in the power system. Simultaneously, sensors, monitoring instruments, and other equipment are used to collect various operating parameters of the thermal power units, such as unit output, speed, and power factor, to obtain their actual operating conditions.

[0037] The purpose of step S100 is to provide basic data support for subsequent analysis and modeling. These data are the key basis for quantitative analysis, model building and scheduling strategy formulation.

[0038] In step S200 of some embodiments, based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation up-regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit is quantified.

[0039] It is understandable that the collected permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units are preprocessed, including data cleaning, normalization and other operations, to improve the quality and availability of the data.

[0040] Using appropriate mathematical methods and statistical analysis tools, such as correlation analysis and regression analysis, a quantitative model can be established to describe the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of thermal power units and their actual operating conditions. For example, by analyzing the variation patterns of parameters such as thermal power unit output and speed under different permeability conditions, the quantitative relationship between them can be determined.

[0041] The purpose of step S200 is to clarify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the role of the thermal power unit in power system frequency regulation and provides an important quantitative basis for the subsequent construction of a dynamic frequency security constraint model.

[0042] In step S300 of some embodiments, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship.

[0043] It can be understood that based on the power system frequency response model, which describes the frequency variation pattern and dynamic response characteristics of the power system when it is disturbed, the frequency regulation characteristics of the thermal power units are integrated into the frequency response model by combining the frequency regulation relationship quantified previously.

[0044] Considering the operating constraints of the power system, such as generator output limitation, grid transmission capacity limitation, node voltage constraint, etc., as well as frequency safety requirements, such as the allowable frequency deviation range and frequency change rate limitation, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed.

[0045] The role of step S300: This model can more accurately reflect the dynamic frequency behavior and safety constraints of the power system when new energy power is connected, provides key constraints for the construction of the economic dispatch model, and ensures the frequency stability and safety of the power system during the optimization dispatch process.

[0046] In step S400 of some embodiments, based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints is constructed to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0047] It is understandable that the dynamic frequency security constraint model is incorporated into the economic dispatch model as a new constraint based on traditional constraints. Traditional constraints typically include power balance constraints, unit ramp rate constraints, minimum start / stop time constraints, spinning reserve constraints, minimum start / stop time constraints, and unit output constraints.

[0048] Taking economic optimization as the objective function, and comprehensively considering factors such as thermal power costs, renewable energy generation costs, and electricity purchase costs, an economic dispatch model with embedded frequency security constraints is constructed. This model is a complex optimization problem, typically solved using mathematical programming methods or intelligent optimization algorithms.

[0049] The purpose of step S400: By constructing an economic dispatch model, it is possible to achieve economic operation of the power system, improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce operating costs, and ensure stable and reliable operation of the power system while meeting the frequency security constraints of the power system.

[0050] Furthermore, the actual power system operation data, thermal power unit operation condition data and new energy power forecast data are input into the constructed economic dispatch model.

[0051] The economic dispatch model is solved using an optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal dispatch solution that meets various constraints, namely the economic dispatch operation strategy. This strategy includes the output plan of each generator unit and the arrangement for the consumption of renewable energy power.

[0052] Furthermore, the generated economic dispatch operation strategy is verified and evaluated to check whether it meets the power system's frequency security requirements and economic operation objectives. If not, the model parameters or algorithms are adjusted and optimized, and the economic dispatch operation strategy is regenerated until a satisfactory result is achieved.

[0053] The embodiments provided by the present invention provide specific operational guidance for the operation and dispatching of the power system, helping dispatchers to rationally arrange power generation resources, improve the operating efficiency and economic benefits of the power system, and at the same time ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit includes: Calculate the load rate of thermal power units based on the actual operating condition data of thermal power units; Based on the load rate of the thermal power unit and the permeability change data, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, after calculating the load rate of a thermal power unit, an appropriate mathematical model structure is selected to describe the coupling relationship between the primary frequency regulation and upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. This model can be a theoretical model based on physical principles or a data-driven empirical model. After determining the model structure, it is necessary to identify and determine key parameters in the model, such as the unit's inertia constant, reheat coefficient, and damping coefficient. These parameters can be obtained through theoretical analysis, experimental measurement, or data fitting.

[0056] The collected data on actual operating conditions and permeability changes of thermal power units is preprocessed, including data cleaning, normalization, and feature extraction. Data cleaning removes outliers and noise; normalization unifies data of varying magnitudes into a reasonable range, improving model training effectiveness; and feature extraction extracts characteristic variables closely related to frequency regulation from the raw data, such as the rate of change of load factor and the magnitude of permeability change.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preprocessed data can be divided into a training set and a validation set. The selected model is trained using the training set data, and the model parameters are adjusted to enable the model to accurately fit the data. During the training process, various optimization algorithms, such as gradient descent and genetic algorithms, can be used to improve the training efficiency and accuracy of the model. After training is completed, the model is validated using the validation set data to evaluate the model's generalization ability and prediction accuracy. If the model performance does not meet the requirements, it is necessary to adjust the model structure or parameters and retrain and validate until satisfactory results are obtained.

[0058] Some embodiments of the present invention contribute to the following benefits: By constructing a coupling model, it is possible to clearly characterize the frequency regulation relationship between a thermal power unit's primary frequency regulation capability and its actual operating conditions. This model can help dispatchers better understand the impact of renewable energy integration on the frequency regulation performance of thermal power units, providing theoretical support and decision-making basis for power system operation and dispatch. Furthermore, the coupling model can also be used to predict the frequency regulation capability of thermal power units under different operating conditions, enabling the development of corresponding control strategies in advance to ensure frequency stability in the power system.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the formula for calculating the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit is as follows: Where, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, The main steam valve opening; The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula: Where, For the unit output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium and low-pressure cylinders.

[0060] It should be noted that appropriate sensors and measuring instruments are installed to obtain the values of main steam pressure, main steam valve opening, and valve flow coefficient. Main steam pressure is typically measured in real time using a pressure sensor; main steam valve opening can be obtained through feedback from a valve positioner or a dedicated opening sensor; and the valve flow coefficient is determined through the valve's inherent characteristics or pre-calibration testing.

[0061] In actual operation, these parameters will continue to change with the operating status of the unit, so continuous data collection is required to ensure the accuracy of the calculation.

[0062] Substitute the collected values of main steam pressure, main steam valve opening and valve flow coefficient into the main steam flow calculation formula, calculate according to the mathematical relationship defined by the formula, and thus obtain the specific value of the main steam flow.

[0063] Main steam flow is a key parameter in the operation of a thermal power unit, directly reflecting the unit's energy conversion and transfer. Accurately calculating main steam flow can reveal the flow of steam under different operating conditions, providing an important basis for evaluating the unit's performance and efficiency.

[0064] Based on the calculated main steam flow rate, combined with other operating parameters such as power and temperature, the operation of the thermal power unit can be adjusted and optimized. For example, when the main steam flow rate deviates from the normal range, the main steam valve opening can be adjusted or other operations can be taken to restore the unit to the optimal operating state, thereby improving the unit's operating efficiency and economy.

[0065] Determine the relevant proportionality factors: Through theoretical analysis, experimental measurement, or research on unit design parameters, determine the specific values of the high-pressure cylinder power ratio and the medium- and low-pressure cylinder power ratio. These two proportionality factors reflect the power distribution between different components of the thermal power unit and are closely related to factors such as the unit's structure, design characteristics, and operating conditions.

[0066] Calculate the power of each cylinder: Based on the given total power and the determined power ratio coefficient, calculate the high-pressure cylinder power and the medium- and low-pressure cylinder power according to the formula. Specifically, multiply the total power by the high-pressure cylinder power ratio to obtain the high-pressure cylinder power, and multiply it by the medium- and low-pressure cylinder power ratio to obtain the medium- and low-pressure cylinder power.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculated primary frequency regulation upward adjustable power of the thermal power unit is used to represent the primary frequency regulation upward capability of the thermal power unit; The calculation of the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment of the thermal power unit is characterized by calculating the unit output power when the main steam valve opening is fully opened to 1 minus the unit output power before the adjustment; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is less than 30% and the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts constant pressure operation; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 30% and less than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation; When the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is fixed , and when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of , the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, for Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Greater than the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode , and maintain the main steam pressure at Under the condition of no change, the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders, It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Less than the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When the adjustable power of the thermal power unit is adjusted by the primary frequency regulation, the formula is as follows: In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the output of thermal power units, It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode.

[0068] Understandably, the first step is to monitor and determine the load factor of the thermal power unit to determine whether the unit is operating at constant pressure or sliding pressure. This can be achieved by installing appropriate sensors and monitoring systems to obtain real-time load factor information and compare it with set thresholds (30% and 90%).

[0069] Under constant pressure operation conditions (load rate is less than 30% or greater than 90%), when the main steam valve opening is fully opened to 1, the adjustable power of the frequency regulation increase is calculated according to the corresponding formula. At this time, it is necessary to accurately measure parameters such as unit output power, main steam pressure, main steam flow, and valve flow coefficient.

[0070] Under sliding pressure operation conditions (load rate greater than 30% and less than 90%), it is necessary to determine the relationship between the unit output power and the upper and lower limits of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode, and select the appropriate formula for calculation according to different situations.

[0071] According to different operating conditions and corresponding formulas, the measured and collected parameter values are substituted into the formulas for calculation. During the calculation process, attention should be paid to the consistency of units and the accuracy of values.

[0072] For the calculation formula under constant pressure operation conditions, substitute the main steam pressure, main steam flow, valve flow coefficient, unit output power, high-pressure cylinder power ratio, medium- and low-pressure cylinder power ratio and other parameters into the corresponding formula to calculate the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation increase.

[0073] For the calculation formula under sliding pressure operation conditions, when the unit output power is above the upper limit of the unit output under sliding pressure operation mode, the main steam pressure, main steam flow, valve flow coefficient, unit output power, high-pressure cylinder power ratio, medium and low-pressure cylinder power ratio, and upper limit of the unit output under sliding pressure operation mode are substituted into the formula for calculation; when the unit output power is less than the lower limit of the unit output under sliding pressure operation mode, the corresponding main steam pressure, main steam flow, valve flow coefficient, unit output power, high-pressure cylinder power ratio, medium and low-pressure cylinder power ratio and other parameters are substituted into the formula for calculation.

[0074] By calculating the adjustable power of primary frequency regulation, we can quantitatively characterize the primary frequency regulation capability of thermal power units. This is important for understanding the frequency regulation characteristics of units under different operating conditions and for rationally scheduling units to participate in grid frequency regulation.

[0075] The calculation results of the adjustable power increase from primary frequency regulation can provide a reference for the operation and control of thermal power units. For example, when the power grid requires the unit to provide more frequency regulation support, the unit's operating parameters can be adjusted according to actual conditions to improve its primary frequency regulation capability.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adjustable power of the thermal power unit is divided by the thermal power installed capacity to obtain the thermal power load rate of the corresponding working condition. The frequency modulation relationship of the adjustable power per unit by primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula: Where, 、 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load rate of thermal power units, the lower limit load rate of thermal power units, and the actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units are as follows: Where, 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 is the rated capacity of thermal power installed capacity; The calculation method of the load factor of thermal power units is as follows: Where, is the load rate of the thermal power unit, 、 They are the output of thermal power and the load of the entire thermal power grid, Represents the installed capacity of thermal power in the entire network, This is the data on changes in the penetration rate of new energy electricity.

[0077] Load factor calculation steps: Calculate the load factor for each thermal power unit using the given formula. For a single thermal power unit, its load factor is calculated using the formula: the numerator is the difference between the unit's actual output and the total installed thermal power capacity of the network, and the denominator is the product of the total installed thermal power capacity of the network and the change in the renewable energy penetration rate.

[0078] For the upper and lower load rates of thermal power units using sliding pressure mode, the calculation is also carried out according to the corresponding formula, except that the actual output is replaced by the upper and lower output limits of the sliding pressure operation mode unit. The steps for calculating the frequency regulation relationship are as follows: after determining the load rate of the thermal power unit, the primary frequency regulation adjustable power of the thermal power unit is divided by the thermal power installed capacity for per unit processing to obtain the per unit value of the primary frequency regulation adjustable power.

[0079] Then, the load factor under each operating condition is correlated and analyzed with the corresponding per-unit primary frequency regulation adjustable power to determine the frequency regulation relationship under different operating conditions. This may be achieved by plotting curves, creating tables, or using mathematical model fitting to more intuitively observe and understand the relationship between the load factor and the primary frequency regulation adjustable power.

[0080] By determining the frequency regulation relationships under different operating conditions, we can clearly understand the primary frequency regulation capabilities of thermal power units at different load factors. This helps grid dispatchers rationally select thermal power units for frequency regulation based on actual load conditions, thereby optimizing the grid's frequency regulation effectiveness.

[0081] Frequency regulation relationships provide an important reference for the operational control of thermal power units. For example, at high load rates, if the adjustable power of a primary frequency regulation increase is low, adjustments to the unit's operating parameters or other measures can be considered to improve its frequency regulation capability. At low load rates, the unit's output can be appropriately adjusted based on the frequency regulation relationship to ensure grid frequency stability.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, the active power output value and the rated power value of the thermal power unit are obtained from the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit. This data can be collected in real time by sensors and monitoring systems installed on the thermal power unit and transmitted to a data processing center.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, load factor calculation is performed using the formula "load factor = (active power output value / rated power value) × 100%) to calculate the load factor of the thermal power unit at different time points. By statistically analyzing a large amount of historical data, the distribution and changing trends of the load factor can also be determined.

[0084] The load factor is a key indicator of the actual operating conditions of a thermal power unit, directly impacting its frequency regulation capability and operational stability. Accurately calculating the load factor provides a deeper understanding of the unit's operating status, providing key parameters for building coupling models and laying the foundation for evaluating the unit's frequency regulation performance under different operating conditions.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present invention, constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship includes: Drawing a frequency dynamic curve based on the frequency response model of the power system, and constructing a frequency difference curve expression based on the frequency dynamic curve; Determine the power released by the speed governor and the prime mover over time by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system; Determining the constraints satisfied by the operation of the power system based on the outputs of different units of the thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship; Based on the released power and the constraint conditions, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed.

[0086] Data Collection and Frequency Response Model Development: First, operational data from various power sources in the power system (including traditional thermal power and renewable energy sources) must be collected, such as output, unit parameters, and system load data. Based on this data and incorporating the physical laws and dynamic characteristics of the power system, a frequency response model is developed. This model reflects how the system frequency changes over time and the impact of various factors on frequency.

[0087] Frequency Dynamic Curve Plotting: Utilizing the established frequency response model, numerical simulation or analytical methods are used to plot a dynamic curve showing the system frequency changes over time under different operating conditions and interferences. This curve intuitively demonstrates frequency fluctuations and trends, providing a foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0088] Constructing a frequency difference curve expression: Based on the frequency dynamic curve, calculate the difference between the frequency and the rated frequency at each moment, i.e., the frequency difference. Then, through mathematical fitting or analytical methods, construct an expression for the frequency difference curve. This expression accurately describes the temporal variation of the frequency difference, providing a basis for subsequently determining the delivered power of the speed governor and prime mover.

[0089] Fitting the frequency difference curve expression to the frequency response function: Fit the constructed frequency difference curve expression to the frequency response function of the prime mover system. The frequency response function of the prime mover system reflects the response characteristics of the prime mover to frequency changes and can usually be obtained through theoretical analysis or experimental testing. Through fitting, a relationship between the frequency difference and the change in prime mover output power can be established.

[0090] Determining released power: Based on the above fitting results and taking into account the regulating effect of the speed governor, determine the power released by the speed governor and prime mover over time. The speed governor automatically adjusts the prime mover's output power based on the frequency difference to maintain system frequency stability. By analyzing the speed governor's characteristics and control principles and combining the frequency difference information, the combined power released by the speed governor and prime mover at different times is calculated.

[0091] Determine the constraints that the power system must meet for operation, including: Thermal Power Unit Output Analysis: This study examines the output of various thermal power units, including output range and adjustability under different operating conditions. Thermal power units play a vital role in the power system, and their output stability and adjustability play a key role in stabilizing system frequency.

[0092] Frequency Regulation Relationship Application: Using the previously determined frequency regulation relationship, analyze the relationship between the adjustable power of a thermal power unit's primary frequency regulation and system frequency changes under different load factors and operating conditions. Based on this frequency regulation relationship, determine the frequency regulation support range and corresponding constraints that a thermal power unit can provide while maintaining system frequency stability.

[0093] Comprehensive constraint determination: This involves comprehensively considering the output constraints of thermal power units, frequency regulation relationships, and other system operating constraints (such as grid security and stability requirements) to determine the constraints that the power system must meet. These constraints ensure that the system can maintain frequency stability and safe operation in the face of various disturbances and load fluctuations.

[0094] The steps to construct a dynamic frequency security constraint model for a power system include: Model Integration and Construction: The released power and constraints determined in the previous steps are integrated and combined with the power system's frequency response model to construct a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system. This mathematical model comprehensively considers the system's frequency dynamics, the frequency regulation capabilities of thermal power units, and other operational constraints. It accurately describes the frequency changes and security and stability of the power system during dynamic processes.

[0095] Model Verification and Optimization: Verify and optimize the constructed dynamic frequency safety constraint model, checking its accuracy and reliability by comparing it with actual system operating data. Based on the verification results, adjust and optimize the model to improve its performance and application value.

[0096] By building a dynamic frequency security constraint model, we can monitor and analyze power system frequency changes in real time, promptly identify abnormal frequency fluctuations, and implement appropriate control measures. The constraints and frequency regulation mechanisms within the model guide thermal power units and other power sources to adjust their output appropriately, ensuring that system frequency fluctuations remain within an acceptable range and preventing damage to power equipment and users caused by excessively high or low frequencies.

[0097] Accurately assessing the frequency regulation capabilities of thermal power units and the constraints of system operation facilitates rational planning of power supply layout and dispatch strategies, improving the reliability and safety of the power system. This allows for rapid response to unexpected failures and significant load fluctuations, maintaining stable system operation and preventing large-scale power outages.

[0098] Figure 2It is a dynamic frequency response model of the power system provided by the present invention. The frequency dynamic process of the power system refers to the process in which the frequency of the power system transitions from a normal steady-state value to a new frequency steady-state value (or loses stability, and the system undergoes frequency collapse) after power disturbances such as unit tripping and load increase or decrease occur. Among frequency problems, low-frequency problems are more difficult to solve than high-frequency problems. When the frequency regulation capability is insufficient, high-frequency problems can be solved by cutting the machine, while the control cost of solving low-frequency problems by cutting the load is much greater. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention focuses on low-frequency problems caused by power shortages. In the frequency dynamic process of the power system, the frequencies measured by each bus in the system will show different spatiotemporal distribution characteristics. If the influence of the network structure is ignored and the dynamic characteristics of the speed regulator are retained, the following can be established: Figure 2 The average system frequency (ASF) model shown.

[0099] in, is the power disturbance, is the total moment of inertia of the system, which is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of all running units. is the frequency load regulation effect coefficient, It is the power released by the generator prime mover speed governor. At the moment of disturbance, the frequency has the maximum drop rate, and its value is .

[0100] According to Figure 2 The Average System Frequency (ASF) model shown in FIG. 1 constructs a frequency difference curve expression for a typical frequency dynamic characteristic curve during the frequency drop process: The constructed frequency difference curve passes through the point , They respectively represent the moment when the lowest frequency point appears and the frequency deviation amplitude of the lowest frequency point when disturbance occurs.

[0101] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency dynamic curve provided by the present invention. Figure 3 The typical frequency response function is fitted with an exponential function curve, where the initial rate of change of the curve must be the same as the initial rate of change of the frequency, and the curve passes through At this point, the fitting can be obtained: The frequency response function G(s) of the prime mover system is fitted by the least squares method and obtained as follows: Where, They represent the frequency response coefficient of the i-th thermal power unit, the reheat steam volume time constant, and the high-pressure cylinder power ratio. Combined with the construction of the frequency dynamic curve, the power released by the governor and the prime mover over time can be obtained as follows: Because the dynamic process of the system frequency can be described by the following equation when it is in equilibrium: in, is the power disturbance, is the total moment of inertia of the system, which is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of all running units. is the frequency load regulation effect coefficient, It is the power released by the generator prime mover speed governor. At the moment of disturbance, the frequency has the maximum drop rate, and its value is In the frequency dynamic process after power disturbance, when When the value is zero, The rate of change is zero, and the system frequency just reaches the minimum value. Let’s set it as , that is, the system frequency deviation reaches its maximum value when the power released by the prime mover system and the load is just balanced with the initial power deficit. Assume that the time when the system frequency deviation reaches its maximum value is , then in At this moment, the power provided by the prime mover system and the load is just equal to the initial power deficit of the system, that is, .in, For the crew The power provided by the prime mover system, , The number of units participating in primary frequency regulation in the system.

[0102] From another angle, if The time system satisfies the following constraints: The system frequency deviation reaches The frequency deviation will stop decreasing before the maximum value is less than .

[0103] Therefore, the specific power release of each prime mover Substitute the above expression into the constraint condition as the final constraint expression. That is, combining the previous frequency curve construction and constraint condition expression, the final frequency safety constraint expression can be obtained as follows: Where, is the power disturbance, is the total moment of inertia of the system, which is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of all running units. is the frequency load regulation effect coefficient, The power released by the generator prime mover governor.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints is constructed. The objective function of the economic dispatch model is: Where, is the total power generation cost; For the crew In the The power generation cost at the moment is mainly the cost corresponding to fossil energy consumption; For the crew Start-up costs; is the total number of units; is the total number of time periods; Indicates the time, ; Indicates the Units, ; For the crew In the The state of the moment, =1 indicates the unit is in operation; =0 means the unit is in shutdown state.

[0105] unit The power generation cost can be expressed as a quadratic function: In the formula 、 、 For the crew Parameters of the electricity generation cost function; For the crew exist Actual output at the moment.

[0106] The traditional constraints are established as follows: The unit commitment problem must meet the following constraints during the optimization process.

[0107] (1) Power balance constraints The total power generation of all operating units must be balanced with the load: Where, for The total load of the system at the moment, for The lower limit of the wind power forecast interval at the moment.

[0108] (2) Spinning reserve constraints Considering the reliability of the system, the unit should also provide sufficient spinning reserve constraints: In the formula For the crew Maximum output; For the The total load of the system at the moment, for The spare capacity of the system at the moment. In the embodiment of the present invention, Taken as 5% of the total load.

[0109] (3) Minimum start-stop time constraint The unit can only be shut down or started again after running or shutting down for a period of time, meeting the minimum start-stop time constraint: In the formula For the crew The minimum running time, For the crew Minimum downtime.

[0110] (4) Unit output constraints The output of each unit should be within a certain range.

[0111] In the formula For the crew The lower limit of output, where For the crew output limit.

[0112] (6) Unit ramp rate constraint Where, and Respectively for units The upper and lower limits of the power increase and decrease.

[0113] Based on traditional constraints, dynamic frequency security constraint model, and the objective function of the economic dispatch model with economic optimality as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints, the optimal economic dispatch operation strategy that meets the frequency security constraints can be obtained by using a solver.

[0114] Figure 4This is the second flow chart of an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention. The method involves obtaining operating data of the power system and actual operating condition data of the thermal power units when the power system is connected to renewable energy power; wherein the operating data of the power system includes at least data on changes in the penetration rate of the renewable energy power connected to the power system; quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; and constructing an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy based on the economic dispatch model.

[0115] The embodiment provided by the present invention realizes the construction of an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints by comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and the operating conditions of thermal power units, and then generates an economic dispatch operation strategy, which can significantly improve the stability and economy of the power system.

[0116] The economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power units provided by the present invention is described below. The economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power units described below and the economic dispatching method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power units described above can be referenced to each other.

[0117] like Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an economic dispatch device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units provided by the present invention. The economic dispatch device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units includes the following modules: An acquisition module 510 is configured to acquire, when the power system is connected to renewable energy power, operating data of the power system and actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; wherein the operating data of the power system includes at least data on changes in the penetration rate of the renewable energy power connected to the power system; A frequency regulation relationship quantification module 520 is configured to quantify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; A dynamic frequency security constraint model building module 530 is configured to build a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; The economic dispatch operation strategy generation module 540 is used to construct an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0118] Preferably, the economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power unit provided by the present invention is specifically used to calculate the load rate of the thermal power unit based on the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; Based on the load rate of the thermal power unit and the permeability change data, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

[0119] Preferably, the economic dispatch device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power unit provided by the present invention is specifically used to calculate the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit as follows: Where, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, The main steam valve opening; The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula: Where, For the output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium and low-pressure cylinders.

[0120] Preferably, the economic dispatch device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power unit provided by the present invention is specifically used to characterize the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit by adjusting the calculated primary frequency regulation upward adjustable power of the thermal power unit; The calculation of the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment of the thermal power unit is characterized by calculating the unit output power when the main steam valve opening is fully opened to 1 minus the unit output power before the adjustment; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is less than 30% and the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts constant pressure operation; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 30% and less than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation; When the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is fixed , and when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of , the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, for Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Greater than the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode , and maintain the main steam pressure at Under the condition of no change, the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders, It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Less than the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When the adjustable power of the thermal power unit is adjusted by the primary frequency regulation, the formula is as follows: In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the unit output of thermal power units, It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode.

[0121] Preferably, the economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power unit provided by the present invention is specifically used to divide the adjustable power of the thermal power unit by the thermal power installed capacity to obtain the thermal power load rate of the corresponding operating conditions. The frequency modulation relationship of the adjustable power per unit by primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula: Where, 、 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load rate of thermal power units, the lower limit load rate of thermal power units, and the actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units are as follows: Where, 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 is the rated capacity of thermal power installed capacity; The calculation method of the load factor of thermal power units is as follows: Where, is the load rate of the thermal power unit, 、 They are the output of thermal power and the load of the entire thermal power grid, Represents the installed capacity of thermal power in the entire network, This is the data on changes in the penetration rate of new energy electricity.

[0122] Preferably, the economic dispatch device based on the operating conditions of thermal power units and frequency security constraints provided by the present invention is specifically used to draw a frequency dynamic curve based on the frequency response model of the power system, and construct a frequency difference curve expression based on the frequency dynamic curve; Determine the power released by the speed governor and the prime mover over time by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system; Determining the constraints satisfied by the operation of the power system based on the outputs of different units of the thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship; Based on the released power and the constraint conditions, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed.

[0123] The present invention provides an economic dispatch method, apparatus, device, and storage medium based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of thermal power units. The method involves obtaining operating data of the power system and actual operating condition data of the thermal power units when a new energy source is connected to the power system. The operating data of the power system includes at least data on the change in the penetration rate of the new energy source connected to the power system. Based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, the method quantifies the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units. A dynamic frequency security constraint model for the power system is constructed based on a frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship. Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints is constructed, thereby generating an economic dispatch operation strategy based on the economic dispatch model. This method achieves the goal of constructing an economic dispatch model embedded with frequency security constraints by comprehensively considering frequency security constraints and the operating conditions of the thermal power units, thereby generating an economic dispatch operation strategy. This method can significantly improve the stability and economic efficiency of the power system.

[0124] Figure 6 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown below. Figure 6As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 610 , a communications interface 620 , a memory 630 and a communication bus 640 , wherein the processor 610 , the communications interface 620 and the memory 630 communicate with each other via the communication bus 640 . The processor 610 can call the logic instructions in the memory 630 to execute an economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions of the thermal power units and frequency security constraints. The method includes: when the power system is connected to new energy power, obtaining the operating data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; wherein the operating data of the power system at least includes the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power; based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation increase capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units; based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system; based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, constructing an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded with frequency security constraints, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0125] Furthermore, the logic instructions in the aforementioned memory 630 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0126] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, which can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of the thermal power units provided by the above methods. The method includes: when the power system is connected to new energy power, obtaining the operating data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; wherein the operating data of the power system at least includes the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power; based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation increase capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units; based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system; based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, constructing an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded with frequency security constraints, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0127] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency security constraints of the thermal power units provided by the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: when the power system is connected to new energy power, obtaining the operating data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; wherein the operating data of the power system at least includes the penetration rate change data of the power system connected to the new energy power; based on the penetration rate change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units, quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation increase capability of the thermal power units and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power units; based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship, constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system; based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, constructing an economic dispatch model with economic optimality as the goal and embedded with frequency security constraints, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

[0128] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0129] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain portions of the embodiments.

[0130] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints, characterized by: include: When the power system is connected to renewable energy power, obtaining the operating data of the power system and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power units; wherein the operating data of the power system includes at least the change data of the penetration rate of the renewable energy power connected to the power system; quantifying the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; Constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; Based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints is constructed to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

2. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The quantifying, based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit, the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward regulation capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit includes: Calculate the load rate of thermal power units based on the actual operating condition data of thermal power units; Based on the load rate of the thermal power unit and the permeability change data, a coupling model is constructed between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit. The coupling model characterizes the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating conditions of the thermal power unit.

3. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: The formula for calculating the actual operating condition data of thermal power units is as follows: Where, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, The main steam valve opening; The relationship between the given power of a thermal power unit and the main steam flow rate is expressed by the following formula: Where, For the output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, It is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium and low-pressure cylinders.

4. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: The calculated adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation of the thermal power unit is used to represent the primary frequency regulation capability of the thermal power unit; The calculation of the adjustable power of the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment of the thermal power unit is characterized by calculating the unit output power when the main steam valve opening is fully opened to 1 minus the unit output power before the adjustment; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is less than 30% and the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts constant pressure operation; when the load rate of the thermal power unit is greater than 30% and less than 90%, the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation; When the thermal power unit adopts sliding pressure operation, the valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is fixed , and when the unit output power of the thermal power unit is In the case of , the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, for Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Greater than the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode , and maintain the main steam pressure at Under the condition of no change, the adjustable power of the thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula: Where, The upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode Main steam pressure under working conditions, is the main steam flow, is the valve flow coefficient, Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the unit output of thermal power units, is the high pressure cylinder power ratio, is the power ratio of medium and low pressure cylinders, is the sum of the power ratio of the high-pressure cylinder and the power ratio of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders, It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode; When the unit output power of the thermal power unit Less than the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode When the adjustable power of the thermal power unit is adjusted by the primary frequency regulation, the formula is as follows: In the formula, the unit output power of the thermal power unit is , Main steam pressure, is the main steam valve opening, For the output of thermal power units, It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode.

5. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method further comprises: The thermal power load rate of the corresponding working condition is obtained by dividing the adjustable power of the thermal power unit by the thermal power installed capacity. The frequency modulation relationship of the adjustable power per unit by primary frequency modulation is determined by the following formula: Where, 、 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. The valve opening of the main steam valve of the thermal power unit is a fixed value. ; The specific calculation formulas for the upper limit load rate of thermal power units, the lower limit load rate of thermal power units, and the actual thermal power load rate of thermal power units are as follows: Where, 、 They are the upper limit load rate of the thermal power unit, the lower limit load rate of the thermal power unit, and the actual thermal power load rate of the thermal power unit when the thermal power unit adopts the sliding pressure mode. It is the lower limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. It is the upper limit of the unit output in sliding pressure operation mode. P 额定容量 is the rated capacity of thermal power installed capacity; The calculation method of the load factor of thermal power units is as follows: Where, is the load rate of the thermal power unit, 、 They are the output of thermal power and the load of the entire thermal power grid, Represents the installed capacity of thermal power in the entire network, This is the data on changes in the penetration rate of new energy electricity.

6. The economic dispatch method based on thermal power unit operating conditions and frequency safety constraints according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The constructing of a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship includes: Drawing a frequency dynamic curve based on the frequency response model of the power system, and constructing a frequency difference curve expression based on the frequency dynamic curve; Determine the power released by the speed governor and the prime mover over time by fitting the frequency difference curve expression and the frequency response function of the prime mover system; Determining the constraints satisfied by the operation of the power system based on the outputs of different units of the thermal power units and the frequency regulation relationship; Based on the released power and the constraint conditions, a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system is constructed.

7. An economic dispatching device based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data of the power system and the actual operation condition data of the thermal power units when the power system is connected to the renewable energy power; wherein the operation data of the power system includes at least the change data of the penetration rate of the renewable energy power connected to the power system; a quantified frequency regulation relationship module, configured to quantify the frequency regulation relationship between the primary frequency regulation upward adjustment capability of the thermal power unit and the actual operating condition of the thermal power unit based on the permeability change data and the actual operating condition data of the thermal power unit; Constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model module, for constructing a dynamic frequency security constraint model of the power system based on the frequency response model of the power system and the frequency regulation relationship; An economic dispatch operation strategy generation module is used to construct an economic dispatch model with economic optimization as the goal and embedded frequency security constraints based on traditional constraints and the dynamic frequency security constraint model, so as to generate an economic dispatch operation strategy according to the economic dispatch model.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of the thermal power units as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the economic dispatch method based on the operating conditions and frequency safety constraints of thermal power units as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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