Casting equipment for gearbox for vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to vehicle gearbox casting equipment which comprises a support, a supporting plate used for placing a sand casting mold is fixedly connected to the support, a fixing mechanism used for fixing the sand casting mold is arranged above the supporting plate, and a driving mechanism is connected with a material guiding mechanism arranged on one side of the supporting plate. Through a rigid limiting structure of the square fixing frame and the supporting plate, impact of molten metal is resisted, displacement and collapse of a sand mold are avoided, inert gas is synchronously injected to stabilize the sand mold, the defects of sand holes and cold shut are reduced, the casting precision of key parts such as a gearbox bearing hole and an oil duct is improved, the inclusion and porosity are reduced, and the air tightness qualification rate of a shell is improved; the driving mechanism controls lifting, material pushing and vibration demolding in a linkage mode, the production period is shortened, the productivity is improved, the labor cost is reduced, meanwhile, molding sand can be recycled, emission is reduced, green manufacturing is met, and an efficient, high-quality and environment-friendly solution is provided for precise casting of the gearbox shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of casting, and in particular to a vehicle gearbox casting device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of automotive gearbox manufacturing, casting process is one of the core technologies for producing housing parts. At present, the industry mainly adopts sand casting process for casting automotive gearboxes, that is, using sand casting molds to form the casting cavity, and injecting molten metal into the cavity. The traditional sand casting process usually includes mold making, sand mold compaction, molten metal injection, cooling and demolding.

[0003] However, during the injection process, the impact of high-pressure molten metal can easily cause the sand mold to shift or collapse. Especially for the complex structure of the gearbox housing, such as thin-walled oil channels and deep-cavity bearing seats, loose sand molds may cause defects such as sand holes and cold shuts, affecting the dimensional accuracy and appearance quality of the casting. In addition, there is gas inside the sand mold, which can easily cause defects such as pores and oxide inclusions during the casting process. For example, aluminum alloy liquid reacts with oxygen at high temperature to form aluminum oxide inclusions, resulting in a decrease in the airtightness of the gearbox housing. In view of this, we propose a casting equipment for automotive gearboxes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an automotive gearbox casting device, which can effectively solve the problems in the prior art automotive gearbox sand casting, such as the sand mold is easily displaced and collapsed by the impact of molten metal, the gas in the sand mold causes air holes and oxidation slag defects in the casting, and the sand recovery efficiency is low, which affects the quality of the casting.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a vehicle gearbox casting device, a bracket, and a support plate for placing a sand casting mold fixedly connected to the bracket; A fixing mechanism acting on the foundry mold is provided above the support plate, and a driving mechanism for lifting the fixing mechanism is provided below the support plate, and the driving mechanism is connected to a material guide mechanism provided on one side of the support plate; A pushing mechanism for pushing the foundry mold and casting is provided on the side of the support plate away from the material guiding mechanism, and the pushing mechanism is controlled by the driving mechanism; An inflation mechanism for filling inert gas into the interior of the sand casting mold is provided below the supporting plate, and the inflation mechanism is connected to the fixing mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism includes a square fixing frame arranged above the supporting plate, and two groups of tooth plates are fixedly connected to one side of the square fixing frame, and the top ends of the two groups of tooth plates are lower than the top end of the supporting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes two groups of support rods rotatably connected to the bottom of the square fixed frame. The ends of the two groups of support rods away from the square fixed frame are rotatably connected to threaded sleeves, and the surfaces of the two groups of threaded sleeves are slidably matched with the sliding grooves opened on the bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner walls of the two sets of threaded sleeves are threadedly connected with bidirectional screw rods; One side of the bracket is fixedly connected with a motor, and the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional screw rod through an output shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the material guide mechanism includes a collection box fixedly connected to one side of the bracket, a plurality of air springs fixedly connected to the top of the collection box, and a grid material guide frame fixedly connected to the top of the plurality of air springs; The inner wall of the collection box is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft, and the other end of the fixed shaft rotates through the collection box.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed shaft passes through one end of the collection box and is transmission-connected to the end of the bidirectional screw rod away from the motor through the synchronous wheel assembly 2; A plurality of lower cone blocks are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shaft, and upper cone blocks fixedly connected to the bottom of the grid guide frame are correspondingly arranged above the lower cone blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a toothed roller arranged on the side of the two sets of toothed plates away from the square fixed frame, the bottom ends of the two sets of toothed rollers are higher than the top ends of the square fixed frame, one side of the two sets of toothed rollers are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bracket, and the other sides of the two sets of toothed rollers are connected to the crank through a synchronous wheel assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the crank away from the synchronous wheel assembly is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod away from the crank is rotatably connected to a U-shaped push plate. The side of the U-shaped push plate away from the square fixed frame is fixedly connected to two groups of telescopic rods, and the surfaces of the two groups of telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket.

[0013] Furthermore, the inflation mechanism includes multiple groups of piston rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the square fixed frame, the bottoms of the multiple groups of piston rods are all fitted with piston cylinders through rubber piston sleeves, and the bottoms of the multiple groups of piston cylinders are all fixedly connected to the top of the bracket.

[0014] Furthermore, the surfaces of the multiple sets of piston cylinders are fixedly connected to the one-way valves 2, and the inlet ends of the multiple sets of one-way valves 2 are fixedly connected to the gas storage tanks for storing inert gas through connecting pipes, and the surfaces of the gas storage tanks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket; A one-way valve 1 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support plate on the top of the gas storage tank. The surface of the one-way valve 1 is fixedly connected to the surface of the piston cylinder through multiple sets of connecting pipes, and the fluid outflow end of the one-way valve 1 is correspondingly arranged below the air injection port of the sand casting mold.

[0015] Compared with the known public technologies, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention forms a rigid limiting structure by cooperating with a square fixing frame and a supporting plate, effectively resisting the impact of molten metal injection and preventing the sand mold from shifting or collapsing. The inert gas is injected synchronously by an inflation mechanism when the sand mold is fixed. The internal structure of the sand mold is further stabilized by the uniform distribution of air pressure, thereby suppressing the relative displacement between the molding sand particles, reducing defects such as sand holes and cold shuts, and preventing the sand mold from shifting or collapsing. In particular, for the thin-walled oil passages of the gearbox housing, the present invention can effectively improve the casting accuracy of key parts such as the bearing holes and oil passages in the gearbox, thereby improving product quality. Inert gas is injected from the air injection port at the bottom of the foundry mold, and the displaced air can be discharged from the grouting port at the top of the foundry mold, reducing the oxygen concentration in the mold cavity. At the same time, it can reduce the probability of aluminum alloy liquid oxidation to form alumina inclusions, and inhibit the hydrogen generated by the volatilization of water in the sand mold, reducing the porosity of the casting, thereby increasing the pass rate of the gearbox housing air tightness test and further improving product quality; The linkage design of the driving mechanism and the inflation mechanism realizes the precise synchronization of sand mold fixation and inert gas filling, avoiding the time interval caused by the step-by-step operation of inflation and fixation in traditional processes. This design ensures that the molten metal is injected immediately after the inert gas is filled, significantly shortening the time window from the end of inflation to injection, and effectively preventing the diffusion and exchange of inert gas and external air due to excessive intervals, maintaining a low-oxygen environment in the mold cavity. At the same time, the rigid linkage between the fixing frame and the inflation mechanism avoids errors caused by manual intervention in the inflation process, ensuring the consistency of the inert gas replacement efficiency each time, especially for easily oxidized metals such as aluminum alloy liquid, the oxidation slag defect rate can be further reduced, while reducing the risk of porosity caused by hydrogen precipitation, providing reliable guarantee for efficient and stable large-scale casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a first perspective; Figure 2 A partial structural diagram of a support plate and a synchronization component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a collection box of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial structural diagram of the inflation mechanism and the driving mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the screw rod and the threaded sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the piston cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the material pushing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle.

[0018] The numbers in the figure represent: 1, bracket; 2. Fixing mechanism; 201. Square fixing frame; 202. Tooth plate; 3. Material guide mechanism; 301. Grid material guide rack; 302. Air spring; 303. Collection box; 304. Fixed shaft; 305. Lower cone block; 306. Upper cone block; 4. Pushing mechanism; 401. U-shaped push plate; 402. Telescopic rod; 403. Connecting rod; 404. Crank; 405. Synchronous wheel assembly 1; 406. Gear roller; 5. Driving mechanism; 501. Motor; 502. Synchronous wheel assembly 2; 503. Support rod; 504. Threaded sleeve; 505. Bidirectional screw; 6. Inflating mechanism; 601. Piston cylinder; 602. Air storage tank; 603. One-way valve 1; 604. Piston rod; 605. Connecting pipe; 606. One-way valve 2; 607. Rubber piston; 7. Pallet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0021] A vehicle gearbox casting device includes a bracket 1, to which a support plate 7 for placing a foundry mold is fixedly connected. A fixing mechanism 2 for acting on the foundry mold is provided above the support plate 7. A driving mechanism 5 for raising and lowering the fixing mechanism 2 is provided below the support plate 7. The driving mechanism 5 is connected to a material guide mechanism 3 provided on one side of the support plate 7. A pushing mechanism 4 for pushing the foundry mold and the casting is provided on the side of the support plate 7 away from the material guide mechanism 3, and the pushing mechanism 4 is controlled by the driving mechanism 5. An inflation mechanism 6 for filling the interior of the foundry mold with inert gas is provided below the support plate 7, and the inflation mechanism 6 is connected to the fixing mechanism 2. Specifically, the fixing mechanism 2 includes a square fixing frame 201 disposed above the support plate 7. Two sets of tooth plates 202 are fixedly connected to one side of the square fixing frame 201, and the top ends of the two sets of tooth plates 202 are lower than the top end of the support plate 7. Specifically, the support plate 7 on the bracket 1 can be used to place the pressed sand casting mold, and the square fixing frame 201 arranged above the support plate 7 can be used to frame the surface of the sand casting mold, so as to prevent the molding sand from loosening when the metal solution is injected into the sand casting mold under high pressure, thereby ensuring the stability of the sand casting mold. After the injection is completed and the gearbox workpiece is cooled and formed, the square fixing frame 201 can be driven to rise by the driving mechanism 5. During the rising process of the square fixing frame 201, when the bottom end of the square fixing frame 201 exceeds the top end of the sand casting mold, the two sets of tooth plates 202 can contact the pushing mechanism 4, thereby triggering the pushing mechanism 4 to push the sand casting mold on the support plate 7 and the gearbox workpiece cast in the sand casting mold onto the material guiding mechanism 3. After completion, the square fixing frame 201 and the pushing mechanism 4 can be reset by the driving mechanism 5. Furthermore, the driving mechanism 5 includes two groups of support rods 503 rotatably connected to the bottom of the square fixed frame 201. The ends of the two groups of support rods 503 away from the square fixed frame 201 are rotatably connected to threaded sleeves 504. The surfaces of the two groups of threaded sleeves 504 are slidably engaged with the slide grooves provided on the bracket 1. The inner walls of the two groups of threaded sleeves 504 are threadedly connected to bidirectional screw rods 505. One side of the bracket 1 is fixedly connected to a motor 501, and the motor 501 is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional screw rod 505 via an output shaft. Specifically, the motor 501 is started to drive the bidirectional screw rod 505 on the bracket 1 to rotate. Since the bidirectional screw rod 505 has two sets of opposite thread patterns on its surface, when the bidirectional screw rod 505 rotates, it can drive the two sets of threaded sleeves 504 to move in opposite directions, thereby driving the square fixed frame 201 to rise and fall through the two sets of support rods 503 on the threaded sleeves 504; Furthermore, the material guiding mechanism 3 includes a collecting box 303 fixedly connected to one side of the bracket 1, a plurality of groups of air springs 302 are fixedly connected to the top of the collecting box 303, a grille material guiding frame 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the plurality of groups of air springs 302, an inner wall of the collecting box 303 is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft 304, the other end of the fixed shaft 304 rotates through the collecting box 303, the fixed shaft 304 passes through one end of the collecting box 303 and is transmission-connected to the end of the bidirectional screw rod 505 away from the motor 501 through the synchronous wheel assembly 2 502, a plurality of groups of lower cone blocks 305 are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shaft 304, and an upper cone block 306 fixedly connected to the bottom of the grille material guiding frame 301 is correspondingly provided above the lower cone block 305; Specifically, the pushing mechanism 4 includes two sets of toothed rollers 406 provided on one side of the toothed plates 202 away from the square fixed frame 201, the bottom ends of the two sets of toothed rollers 406 are higher than the top end of the square fixed frame 201, one side of the two sets of toothed rollers 406 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bracket 1, and the other sides of the two sets of toothed rollers 406 are connected to the crank 404 through the synchronous wheel assembly 1 405, the end of the crank 404 away from the synchronous wheel assembly 1 405 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 403, the end of the connecting rod 403 away from the crank 404 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped push plate 401, the side of the U-shaped push plate 401 away from the square fixed frame 201 is fixedly connected to two sets of telescopic rods 402, and the surfaces of the two sets of telescopic rods 402 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket 1; Specifically, during the ascent of the square fixing frame 201 by the driving mechanism 5, when the lowest end of the square fixing frame 201 exceeds the top end of the foundry mold, the two sets of toothed plates 202 can contact the toothed roller 406, so that as the square fixing frame 201 continues to rise, the toothed roller 406 can be driven to rotate, thereby using the synchronous wheel assembly 1 to drive the crank 404 to rotate. Because the U-shaped push plate 401 is limited and guided by the two sets of telescopic rods 402, the U-shaped push plate 401 can be driven by the connecting rod 403 to move toward the supporting plate 7 during the rotation of the crank 404, so as to push the foundry mold and the gearbox workpiece cast in the foundry mold onto the grid guide frame 301; It should be noted that the synchronous wheel assembly 405 is composed of two sets of synchronous pulleys of different sizes and synchronous toothed belts, and through the precise design of the number of teeth and grooves on the tooth roller 406 and the tooth plate 202, when the tooth plate 202 drives the tooth roller 406 to rotate, the synchronous wheel assembly 405 can only drive the crank 404 to rotate half a circle, thereby ensuring that during the rising process of the square fixed frame 201, the U-shaped push plate 401 always moves towards the grid guide frame 301 until the sand casting mold and the gearbox workpiece cast in the sand casting mold are pushed onto the grid guide frame 301. Conversely, when the driving machine When the mechanism 5 drives the square fixing frame 201 to descend, the crank 404 can rotate half a circle in the opposite direction, thereby driving the U-shaped push plate 401 to reset. When the U-shaped push plate 401 is completely reset, a new foundry mold can be placed on the support plate 7 for casting the next set of gearbox workpieces. At this time, the bottom end of the square fixing frame 201 is higher than the top end of the foundry mold, which is convenient for placing the foundry mold. The driving mechanism 5 can continuously drive the square fixing frame 201 to descend until the bottom of the square fixing frame 201 completely contacts the support plate 7, and can support the surface of the foundry mold to ensure the stability of the foundry mold. Furthermore, after the used foundry mold and the gearbox workpiece cast in the foundry mold are pushed onto the grid guide rack 301, since the bottom of the grid guide rack 301 is connected to the collection box 303 by multiple sets of air springs 302, it can not only ensure the overall stability of the grid guide rack 301, but also support the weight of the foundry mold and the workpiece, while ensuring that the whole has a certain elastic performance. After the foundry mold and the workpiece are pushed onto the grid guide rack 301, due to the weight of the foundry mold and the workpiece themselves, and the corresponding inclination angle of the grid guide rack 301, the foundry mold and the workpiece can be pushed onto the grid guide rack 301, causing the grid guide rack 301 to vibrate, which can shake the foundry mold apart and facilitate the demoulding of the workpiece. Furthermore, when the driving mechanism 5 drives the square fixed frame 201 to reset, the synchronous wheel assembly 2 502 can drive the fixed shaft 304 to rotate rapidly. At this time, the lower cone block 305 on the surface of the fixed shaft 304 can squeeze the upper cone block 306 on the grid guide frame 301. As the fixed shaft 304 rotates, the grid guide frame 301 can be driven to vibrate continuously, thereby further vibrating the used sand casting mold and causing the molding sand to fall off the cast gearbox workpiece. It should be noted that the inner wall of the grid guide frame 301 is fixedly provided with a rubber cushion layer, which can prevent the inner wall from causing damage to the cast gearbox workpiece during the vibration process, and the grid guide frame 301 is provided with multiple groups of grid slots. When vibrating, the dispersed molding sand can be shaken off into the collection box 303 below for centralized recycling of the molding sand. As the processing continues, when the square fixed frame 201 just starts to rise and the next group of sand-casting molds and workpieces have not yet been pushed onto the grid guide frame 301, the driving mechanism 5 can also drive the grid guide frame 301 to vibrate when driving the square fixed frame 201 to rise, so as to shake off the molding sand remaining on the previous group of grid guide frames 301 and make the molding sand enter the collection box 303 below. Specifically, the inflation mechanism 6 includes multiple groups of piston rods 604 fixedly connected to the bottom of the square fixed frame 201, the bottoms of the multiple groups of piston rods 604 are all sleeved with piston cylinders 601 through rubber pistons 607, the bottoms of the multiple groups of piston cylinders 601 are all fixedly connected to the top of the bracket 1, the surfaces of the multiple groups of piston cylinders 601 are all fixedly connected to the one-way valve 2 606, the multiple groups of one-way valve 2 606 are all fixedly connected to the air storage tank 602 through the connecting pipe 605, the surface of the air storage tank 602 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket 1, and the top of the air storage tank 602 is provided with a one-way valve 1 603 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support plate 7, and the surface of the one-way valve 1 603 is fixedly connected to the surface of the piston cylinder 601 through multiple groups of connecting pipes 605; Specifically, the gas storage tank 602 can be used to store inert gas. Before casting, the driving mechanism 5 is used to raise the square fixing frame 201 to facilitate the placement of the foundry mold on the support plate 7. When the square fixing frame 201 rises, it can drive the piston rod 604 and the rubber piston 607 at the bottom to move upward, so that the inert gas in the gas storage tank 602 is drawn into the piston cylinder 601 through the multiple sets of connecting pipes 605 connected to the second one-way valve 606. Conversely, when the foundry mold is placed, the driving mechanism 5 drives the square fixing frame 201 to descend. At this time, the piston rod 604 and the rubber piston 607 move downward, so that the inert gas inside the piston cylinder 601 is injected into the foundry mold through the connecting pipe 605 connected to the first one-way valve 603. It should be noted that the square fixing frame 201 and the supporting plate 7 can be used to position the foundry mold, so that the air injection hole reserved below the foundry mold corresponds to the exhaust channel on the top of the one-way valve 603, which can ensure that the inert gas discharged from the one-way valve 603 stably enters the interior of the foundry mold, and the one-way valve 603 can be made of a high-temperature resistant ceramic valve. While having good high-temperature resistance, it can also prevent the metal solution from flowing into the connecting pipe 605 and the components of the corresponding inflation mechanism 6 when injecting the metal solution, causing blockage and damage to the connecting pipe 605 and related inflation components, and affecting normal material discharge. In addition, by designing the one-way valve 603 and the one-way valve 2 606, only the gas in the gas storage tank 602 is allowed to flow into the piston cylinder 601, and only the inert gas in the piston cylinder 601 is allowed to flow into the foundry mold, thereby preventing gas backflow; Specifically, when the driving mechanism 5 starts to drive the square fixed frame 201 to descend, the gas is pressurized and filled into the one-way valve 1 603 through the piston rod 604 and the rubber piston 607. Due to the length design of the pipeline of the connecting pipe 605, the gas has not yet reached the one-way valve 1 603. At this time, the driving mechanism 5 cooperates with the tooth plate 202 on the square fixed frame 201 to reset the U-shaped push plate 401, so that the sand casting mold can be placed on the supporting plate 7. At this time, the driving mechanism 5 drives the square fixed frame 201 to continue to descend. Through the continuous pressurization of the piston rod 604 and the rubber piston 607, the gas can be filled into the sand casting mold cavity through the connecting pipe 605 and the one-way valve 1 603; It should also be noted that filling the sand casting mold with inert gas can replace part of the air, squeeze the internal air out from the grouting port at the top of the sand casting mold, reduce the initial air pressure in the mold cavity, and make the molten metal flow more smoothly during injection. At the same time, by isolating the air, the direct chemical reaction between the sand material and the molten metal is suppressed, the surface structure of the sand mold is protected, and the molding sand collected in the subsequent collection box 303 and the related material guiding mechanism 3 can be reused many times, thereby improving the utilization rate of the molding sand.

[0022] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: after the equipment is started, the motor 501 of the driving mechanism 5 rotates in the forward direction, driving the bidirectional screw 505 to rotate. Since the threads at both ends of the screw rotate in opposite directions, the threaded sleeves 504 on both sides move outward along the slide groove of the bracket 1, and the square fixing frame 201 is lifted to the highest position through the support plate 7. At this time, the aluminum alloy gearbox casting mold is placed on the support plate 7 manually or by a mechanical arm. The bottom of the casting mold is preset with an air injection hole corresponding to the one-way valve 603, and the top is an injection port; The motor 501 rotates in the opposite direction, the threaded sleeve 504 moves inward, and the support rod 503 pushes the square fixing frame 201 down until the four walls of the frame are tightly attached to the outer periphery of the foundry mold. The foundry mold is fixed by the limiting cooperation between the square fixing frame 201 and the support plate 7 to prevent the foundry mold from shifting during injection, which may cause oil channel deviation or sand hole defects. During the descent of the square fixing frame 201, the piston rod 604 at its bottom simultaneously presses down the rubber piston 607, so that the inert gas in the piston cylinder 601, such as argon, is injected into the foundry mold cavity through the one-way valve 603. Argon is pre-stored in the gas tank 602. When the square fixed frame 201 rises, the piston rod 604 moves upward, drawing gas from the gas tank 602 to the piston cylinder 601 through the second one-way valve 606. When the square fixed frame 201 descends, the gas in the piston cylinder 601 is pressed into the sand casting mold through the first one-way valve 603. The first one-way valve 603 is a high-temperature resistant ceramic valve that prevents the molten metal from flowing back. Inert gas is injected from the bottom of the sand casting mold to replace the air exhausted from the top injection port, thereby reducing the oxygen concentration in the mold cavity, inhibiting the oxidation of the aluminum alloy liquid to form aluminum oxide inclusions, and reducing the hydrogen content generated by the volatilization of water in the sand mold, thereby reducing the risk of air holes. After the inert gas filling is completed, about 3-5 minutes later, the molten aluminum alloy liquid can be poured into the foundry mold cavity through the top injection port. Due to the protection of the inert gas in the cavity and the avoidance of filling the inert gas for too long, when the metal solution is injected, the internal inert gas will exchange with the external air, thereby reducing the effect of the inert gas and avoiding direct contact between the metal solution and the air during filling. This improves the filling smoothness and reduces the cold shut defect rate, especially for the thin-walled oil passages and deep-hole bearing seats of the gearbox housing. After the casting solidifies, the motor 501 rotates forward again, and the square fixing frame 201 rises. When the bottom of the square fixing frame 201 exceeds the top surface of the foundry mold, the tooth plate 202 on one side thereof engages with the tooth roller 406 of the pushing mechanism 4. The toothed roller 406 drives the crank 404 to rotate half a circle through the synchronous wheel assembly 1 405. The crank 404 pushes the U-shaped push plate 401 to move horizontally along the telescopic rod 402 through the connecting rod 403. The telescopic rod 402 limits the movement trajectory of the U-shaped push plate 401 to prevent deviation, and pushes the foundry mold and casting on the support plate 7 to the grid guide frame 301 of the guide mechanism 3. The foundry mold and casting fall onto the grid guide frame 301 due to their own weight. The air spring 302 is compressed and then elastically reset, causing the guide frame to generate low-frequency shaking, which initially shakes off the molding sand on the surface of the foundry mold. At the same time, the bidirectional screw 505 of the driving mechanism 5 drives the fixed shaft 304 to rotate at high speed through the synchronous wheel assembly 2 502. The lower cone block 305 on the fixed shaft 304 periodically hits the upper cone block 306 at the bottom of the guide frame, generating high-frequency vibration, which thoroughly shakes off the residual molding sand on the casting. The vibrated molding sand falls into the collection box 303 through the grid slots of the grid guide rack 301 and can be recycled. The casting slides along the inclined surface of the grid guide rack 301 into the subsequent process, and the rubber cushion layer is lined to prevent the surface of the aluminum alloy shell from being scratched. The motor 501 rotates in the opposite direction, and the square fixed frame 201 descends. During the descent process, the tooth plate 202 contacts the tooth roller 406, driving the tooth roller 406 to rotate in the opposite direction. The crank 404 drives the U-shaped push plate 401 to return to its original position. The telescopic rod 402 absorbs the return impact. After the U-shaped push plate 401 is completely reset, the tooth plate 202 and the tooth roller 406 are disengaged and no longer in contact. The motor 501 is then turned off, causing the square fixed frame 201 to stop moving. At this time, the next set of foundry molds can be placed on the support plate 7. After placement is completed, the motor 501 is restarted, and the square fixed frame 201 descends so that the bottom of the square fixed frame 201 is in contact with the top of the support plate 7. When the square fixed frame 201 descends, the gas is pressurized and filled into the one-way valve 603 through the piston rod 604 and the rubber piston 607. Due to the length design of the pipeline connecting the pipe fitting 605, the gas has not yet reached the one-way valve 603 at this time. At this time, the driving mechanism 5 cooperates with the tooth plate 202 on the square fixed frame 201 to reset the U-shaped push plate 401, so that the sand casting mold can be placed on the supporting plate 7. At this time, the driving mechanism 5 drives the square fixed frame 201 to continue to descend. Through the continuous pressurization of the piston rod 604 and the rubber piston 607, the gas can be filled into the sand casting mold cavity through the connecting pipe fitting 605 and the one-way valve 603. At the same time, the grid guide frame 301 vibrates again under the drive of the driving mechanism 5 to remove residual molding sand, forming an automated production cycle; One-way valve 1 603 and one-way valve 2 606 ensure one-way gas flow from gas tank 602 to piston cylinder 601 and then into the foundry mold, preventing molten metal from flowing back into the pipeline. At the same time, the high-temperature resistant ceramic valve can withstand temperatures above 1200°C and is suitable for aluminum alloy injection environments. And by matching the number of teeth of the tooth plate 202 with that of the tooth roller 406, it is ensured that when the square fixing frame 201 rises, the bottom end of the square fixing frame 201 is higher than the top end of the sand casting mold. Only then does the U-shaped push plate 401 drive the sand casting mold and the cast workpiece to be pushed. Conversely, when the square fixing frame 201 descends, the U-shaped push plate 401 is completely reset, the movement of the square fixing frame 201 is stopped, and then the sand casting mold is placed on the support plate 7 for reuse. The cost and environmental burden are reduced through efficient sand recovery and automated operation, providing a solution for the precision casting of the gearbox housing that is both technologically advanced and industrially practical.

[0023] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle gearbox casting equipment, characterized in that: include: A bracket (1), to which a support plate (7) for placing the sand casting mold is fixedly connected; A fixing mechanism (2) acting on the sand casting mold is provided above the support plate (7), a driving mechanism (5) for lifting and lowering the fixing mechanism (2) is provided below the support plate (7), and the driving mechanism (5) is connected to a material guide mechanism (3) provided on one side of the support plate (7); A pushing mechanism (4) for pushing the sand-casting mold and the casting is provided on the side of the support plate (7) away from the material guiding mechanism (3), and the pushing mechanism (4) is controlled by the driving mechanism (5); An inflation mechanism (6) for filling the interior of the sand casting mold with inert gas is provided below the support plate (7), and the inflation mechanism (6) is connected to the fixing mechanism (2).

2. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (2) comprises a square fixing frame (201) arranged above the supporting plate (7), and two sets of tooth plates (202) are fixedly connected to one side of the square fixing frame (201), and the top ends of the two sets of tooth plates (202) are lower than the top end of the supporting plate (7).

3. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (5) includes two groups of support rods (503) rotatably connected to the bottom of the square fixed frame (201), and the ends of the two groups of support rods (503) away from the square fixed frame (201) are rotatably connected to threaded sleeves (504), and the surfaces of the two groups of threaded sleeves (504) are slidably matched with the sliding grooves provided on the bracket (1).

4. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two sets of threaded sleeves (504) are threadedly connected with a bidirectional screw rod (505); A motor (501) is fixedly connected to one side of the bracket (1), and the motor (501) is fixedly connected to one end of a bidirectional screw rod (505) via an output shaft.

5. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material guiding mechanism (3) includes a collecting box (303) fixedly connected to one side of the bracket (1); a plurality of air springs (302) are fixedly connected to the top of the collecting box (303); and a grid material guiding frame (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the plurality of air springs (302); The inner wall of the collection box (303) is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft (304), and the other end of the fixed shaft (304) rotates through the collection box (303).

6. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the fixed shaft (304) passes through the collecting box (303) and is connected to the end of the bidirectional screw rod (505) away from the motor (501) through the synchronous wheel assembly (502); A plurality of lower cone blocks (305) are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shaft (304), and an upper cone block (306) fixedly connected to the bottom of the grid guide frame (301) is correspondingly provided above the lower cone blocks (305).

7. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (4) includes a toothed roller (406) arranged on one side of the two sets of toothed plates (202) away from the square fixed frame (201), the bottom ends of the two sets of toothed rollers (406) are higher than the top end of the square fixed frame (201), one side of the two sets of toothed rollers (406) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bracket (1), and the other sides of the two sets of toothed rollers (406) are connected to the crank (404) through the synchronous wheel assembly (405).

8. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the crank (404) away from the synchronous wheel assembly (405) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (403), and one end of the connecting rod (403) away from the crank (404) is rotatably connected to the U-shaped push plate (401). One side of the U-shaped push plate (401) away from the square fixed frame (201) is fixedly connected to two groups of telescopic rods (402), and the surfaces of the two groups of telescopic rods (402) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket (1).

9. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inflation mechanism (6) includes multiple groups of piston rods (604) fixedly connected to the bottom of the square fixed frame (201), the bottoms of the multiple groups of piston rods (604) are sleeved with piston cylinders (601) through rubber pistons (607), and the bottoms of the multiple groups of piston cylinders (601) are fixedly connected to the top of the bracket (1).

10. The vehicle gearbox casting equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The surfaces of the multiple sets of piston cylinders (601) are all fixedly connected to the second one-way valve (606), and the inflow ends of the multiple sets of second one-way valves (606) are all fixedly connected to the gas storage tank (602) for storing inert gas through the connecting pipe (605), and the surface of the gas storage tank (602) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket (1); A one-way valve (603) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the support plate (7) is provided on the top of the gas storage tank (602). The surface of the one-way valve (603) is fixedly connected to the surface of the piston cylinder (601) through multiple sets of connecting pipes (605), and the fluid outflow end of the one-way valve (603) is correspondingly provided below the air injection port of the sand casting mold.

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