Grass planting method under grazing-light complementary grassland slope photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a grass planting method under a grazing-light complementary grassland slope photovoltaic module, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and ecological restoration, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, normal growth of grass seeds in the area is difficult to guarantee by common spray-seeding density. The method comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating a side slope, cleaning sundries on the side slope below a photovoltaic module mounting area, and digging steps in an area with the gradient being greater than 30 degrees, so that the distance between the step layout and a photovoltaic module array is kept at a safe distance of 0.5-1m; s2, soil improvement: soil shielded by the photovoltaic module is detected, lime is added into the detected acid soil to adjust the PH value to 6.5-7.5, and when 10-15 kg of decomposed cattle and sheep manure is mixed in each square meter, the range of 50 cm of a module foundation embedded part needs to be avoided; s3, grass seed selection and treatment, wherein grass seeds with the proper shade-tolerant adaptation degree are selected. The method has the advantages that the problem that the germination rate of grass seeds is low in a weak light environment is solved, and the slope vegetation coverage rate is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and ecological restoration, and more specifically to a method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and photovoltaic complementarity. Background Art

[0002] The "pastoral-photovoltaic complementary" model, as an innovative form of integrating photovoltaic power generation and ecological animal husbandry, is receiving widespread attention and promotion. This model achieves the coordinated development of power generation and animal husbandry by planting grass under photovoltaic modules. It can not only improve the comprehensive utilization rate of land, but also realize the organic combination of clean energy and ecological breeding, with significant economic and ecological benefits.

[0003] However, grass seed growth requires suitable light conditions, and the shadows cast by photovoltaic panels can affect the light distribution in the area below. Specifically, the photovoltaic array creates overlapping shadow zones at different times of day. Light intensity in these areas is relatively weak, making it difficult to maintain normal grass growth with standard seeding densities. For example, when the shadows cast by photovoltaic panels cover a large area of ​​a slope, grass seeds in these overlapping shadow zones may be unable to fully photosynthesize due to insufficient light, resulting in low germination rates, slow growth, or even death. This, in turn, impacts the ecological benefits and livestock production of the entire "grass-photovoltaic complementarity" system. Given this, we propose a method for planting grass beneath photovoltaic panels on grassland slopes in a grassland-photovoltaic complementarity system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on the slopes of grasslands with grazing and light complementarity, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that ordinary spraying density is difficult to ensure the normal growth of grass seeds in the area.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and light complementation, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Pre-treat the slope and clean up the debris on the slope below the PV module installation area. Dig steps in areas with a slope greater than 30°, ensuring that the step layout maintains a safe distance of 0.5-1m from the PV module array. S2. Soil improvement: Test the soil shaded by the PV panels and add lime to any acidic soil to adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5. At the same time, mix in 10-15 kg of decomposed cattle and sheep manure per square meter, avoiding a 50 cm radius around the embedded components of the panel foundation. S3. Grass seed selection and treatment: Select grass seeds with appropriate shade tolerance and adaptability, soak the seeds in warm water for 24 hours, and then disinfect them with 0.1%-0.3% potassium permanganate solution; S4, sowing, measuring the shadow trajectory of the photovoltaic array, and then using the formula Calculate the seeding density correction factor, where: is the density correction factor, is the area of ​​the shadow overlap, The total area of ​​the single component projection is then sprayed with grass seeds through the spraying equipment, and fluorescent tracers are added to the spraying mud. The spraying density of the grass seeds in the shadow overlap area is adjusted according to the Value increased; S5. Cover and maintain, set up an anti-scour baffle 20cm from the bottom of the photovoltaic module bracket, reserve a module maintenance channel when covering with non-woven fabric, and use drip irrigation for spraying water during the germination period of grass seeds to avoid water droplets splashing onto the module surface.

[0006] Preferably, in the above step S3, when selecting grass species, the formula Calculate the shade tolerance adaptability of grass species, where: For the shade tolerance adaptability of grass species, is the shade tolerance coefficient of grass species, The mature height of grass seeds, The minimum ground clearance of photovoltaic modules. is the root penetration depth, 、 、 is the weight coefficient, and =0.5, =0.3, =-0.2, then according to the calculation results, select Grass seeds ≥0.6.

[0007] Preferably, in the above step S1, it also includes burying the component grounding flat iron synchronously when digging the steps, the burial depth of which is ≥ 60 cm, and covering the flat iron with a 20 cm thick improved soil layer.

[0008] Preferably, in the above step S2, it also includes laying a permeable geotextile within 1 m around the photovoltaic module foundation to prevent water and fertilizer from being lost to the bottom of the module foundation.

[0009] Preferably, in the above step S4, the grass seed spraying time is selected during the period when the shadow of the photovoltaic module covers ≤30% of the slope area, ensuring that the initial illumination rate of the grass seed is >50%.

[0010] Preferably, in the above step S5, an annular root barrier plate is provided 5 cm around the component support column to prevent grass roots from entangled with the support structure.

[0011] Preferably, in the above step S4, when the fluorescent tracer is added to the spraying mud, the amount of the fluorescent tracer added is 0.05-0.1%.

[0012] Preferably, in the above step S1, the width of the dug steps is 1-1.5m, the height is 0.5-0.8m, and the angle is 3-5° inwardly inclined.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In order to address the problem of insufficient light in the overlapping shadow areas of photovoltaic modules, the present invention accurately calculates the spraying density correction coefficient and specifically increases the grass seed spraying density in the area based on the ratio of the area of ​​the overlapping shadow area to the total projection area of ​​a single module, thereby compensating for the low germination rate of grass seeds in weak light environments, effectively ensuring the vegetation coverage rate of the slope, and maintaining the ecological benefits and livestock production capacity of the "pastoral-light complementary" system.

[0014] 2. In the process of grass seed selection and processing, the present invention uses a formula to comprehensively consider indicators such as shade tolerance coefficient, grass seed height, and root depth to screen suitable grass seeds, and disinfects the grass seeds. This allows the selected grass seeds to not only adapt to the weak light environment under the photovoltaic module, but also reduces the intrusion of pests and diseases, improves the germination survival rate from the root, and ensures that the vegetation growth has good adaptability and stability.

[0015] 3. The present invention digs steps in the steeper areas of the slope and maintains a safe distance from the photovoltaic modules. At the same time, it buries grounding flat irons, detects and adjusts the pH value of the acidic soil, mixes in decomposed cattle and sheep manure, and lays permeable geotextiles. These measures enhance the stability of the slope, ensure the safety of photovoltaic module installation, improve soil fertility, prevent water and fertilizer loss, and create high-quality basic conditions for grass growth.

[0016] 4. The present invention sets anti-scour baffles and annular root barrier plates, adopts drip irrigation to avoid component surface contamination, and adds fluorescent tracers to assist in monitoring grass seed distribution. This not only reduces rainwater scour and grass root damage to the support structure, but also facilitates timely adjustment of maintenance strategies, effectively promoting the healthy growth of grass seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the grass planting method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 A method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and photovoltaic complementarity, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Pre-treat the slope and clean up debris on the slope below the PV module installation area. Dig steps in areas with a slope greater than 30°, ensuring a safe distance of 0.5-1m between the step layout and the PV module array. Digging steps can reduce the slope gradient, enhance soil stability, and avoid landslide risks. Maintaining this distance can prevent grass growth that affects PV module maintenance and ensure safe equipment operation. S2. Soil improvement: Test the soil shaded by the PV modules and add lime to the acidic soil to adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5. At the same time, mix in 10-15kg of decomposed cattle and sheep manure per square meter, avoiding the 50cm range of the module foundation embedded parts to adjust the soil pH to create an acid-base environment suitable for grass growth. Decomposed cattle and sheep manure can increase soil organic matter and nutrients, improving soil fertility, while avoiding embedded parts can prevent fertilizer corrosion of the foundation structure, ensuring the stable installation of the PV modules. S3. Grass seed selection and treatment: Select grass seeds with appropriate shade tolerance and soak them in warm water for 24 hours. Then, disinfect them with 0.1%-0.3% potassium permanganate solution to select shade-tolerant grass seeds that can adapt to the shadow environment of photovoltaic modules and improve survival rate. Warm water soaking promotes seed germination. Potassium permanganate disinfection can kill pathogens on the seed surface and reduce seedling diseases. S4, sowing, measuring the shadow trajectory of the photovoltaic array, and then using the formula Calculate the seeding density correction factor, where: is the density correction factor, is the area of ​​the shadow overlap, The total area of ​​the single component projection is then sprayed with grass seeds through the spraying equipment, and fluorescent tracers are added to the spraying mud. The spraying density of the grass seeds in the shadow overlap area is adjusted according to the The value is increased to calculate the correction coefficient based on the shadow trajectory and formula, accurately adjust the sowing density in different areas, ensure sufficient grass seeds in the shadow overlap area, and compensate for the impact of insufficient light on growth. The fluorescent tracer facilitates the later monitoring of the spraying effect and grass seed distribution. S5. Cover and maintain, set up an anti-scour baffle 20cm from the bottom of the photovoltaic module bracket, reserve a module maintenance channel when covering with non-woven fabric, use drip irrigation for water spraying during the germination period of grass seeds to avoid water droplets splashing on the surface of the module, and use the anti-scour baffle to block rainwater from eroding the slope soil and protect the grass seed roots. The reserved maintenance channel does not affect the maintenance of photovoltaic modules. The drip irrigation method can accurately supply water, avoid water droplets from contaminating the module surface, and ensure power generation efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above step S3, when selecting grass species, the formula Calculate the shade tolerance adaptability of grass species, where: For the shade tolerance adaptability of grass species, is the shade tolerance coefficient of grass species, The mature height of grass seeds, The minimum ground clearance of photovoltaic modules. is the root penetration depth, 、 、 is the weight coefficient, and =0.5, =0.3, =-0.2, then according to the calculation results, select For grass species with a value ≥0.6, a quantitative formula is used to comprehensively evaluate the shade tolerance, height and root characteristics of the grass species to ensure that the selected grass species can adapt to the shade environment and will not block the components due to excessive height. At the same time, it avoids root penetration and damage to the photovoltaic foundation, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the "pastoral-photovoltaic complementary" system.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above step S1, it also includes burying the component grounding flat iron simultaneously when digging the steps, and the burial depth is ≥60cm, and covering the flat iron with a 20cm thick improved soil layer. The simultaneous burial of the grounding flat iron simplifies the construction process and ensures the installation specifications of the photovoltaic component grounding system. The burial depth ≥60cm and covering with improved soil can ensure the stability of the grounding effect, avoid the flat iron from being exposed and rusted, and improve the lightning protection safety performance of the system.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above step S2, it also includes laying a permeable geotextile within 1m around the photovoltaic module foundation to prevent water and fertilizer from being lost to the bottom of the module foundation. The permeable geotextile blocks the loss of soil nutrients and moisture to the bottom of the module foundation, ensuring that the grass seed growing area has sufficient water and fertilizer, and at the same time avoiding the settlement of the soil under the foundation due to water and fertilizer infiltration, thereby ensuring the safety of the photovoltaic module foundation structure.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above step S4, the time for spraying grass seeds is selected during the period when the shadow coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic modules is ≤30% of the slope area, ensuring that the initial illumination rate of the grass seeds is >50%. Selecting the period when the shadow coverage area is small for spraying can ensure that the grass seeds obtain sufficient light during the germination period, promote seedling photosynthesis, increase the germination rate and seedling growth, and lay the foundation for later growth.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above step S5, an annular root barrier is also included in 5 cm around the component support column to prevent grass roots from entwining the support structure. The annular root barrier physically blocks the grass roots from growing toward the support column, avoiding the roots entwining the support and causing structural deformation or damage. At the same time, it reduces the maintenance cost of manual root cleaning in the later stage, thereby ensuring the stability of the photovoltaic component support system.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above step S4, when adding the fluorescent tracer to the spraying mud, the amount of the fluorescent tracer added is 0.05-0.1%, so as to control the amount of the fluorescent tracer added to ensure the spraying trajectory monitoring effect while avoiding environmental pollution or affecting the growth of grass seeds due to excessive addition, thereby ensuring a balance between ecological and construction monitoring needs.

[0026] Furthermore, in the above step S1, the width of the dug steps is 1-1.5m, the height is 0.5-0.8m, and the angle is 3-5° inward. The step width and height are designed to adapt to the slope terrain and provide a stable planting plane. The inward inclination can guide rainwater to flow to the inside of the steps, reduce soil erosion, and at the same time enhance the structural stability of the steps themselves to prevent collapse.

[0027] The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited to them. Ordinary technicians in this field can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. As long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and photovoltaic complementation, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Pre-treat the slope and clean up the debris on the slope below the PV module installation area. Dig steps in areas with a slope greater than 30°, ensuring that the step layout maintains a safe distance of 0.5-1m from the PV module array. S2. Soil improvement: Test the soil shaded by the PV panels and add lime to any acidic soil to adjust the pH to 6.5-7.

5. At the same time, mix in 10-15 kg of decomposed cattle and sheep manure per square meter, avoiding a 50 cm radius around the embedded components of the panel foundation. S3. Grass seed selection and treatment: Select grass seeds with appropriate shade tolerance and adaptability, soak the seeds in warm water for 24 hours, and then disinfect them with 0.1%-0.3% potassium permanganate solution; S4, sowing, measuring the shadow trajectory of the photovoltaic array, and then using the formula Calculate the seeding density correction factor, where: is the density correction factor, is the area of ​​the shadow overlap, The total area of ​​the single component projection is then sprayed with grass seeds through the spraying equipment, and fluorescent tracers are added to the spraying mud. The spraying density of the grass seeds in the shadow overlap area is adjusted according to the Value increased; S5. Cover and maintain, set up an anti-scour baffle 20cm from the bottom of the photovoltaic module bracket, reserve a module maintenance channel when covering with non-woven fabric, and use drip irrigation for spraying water during the germination period of grass seeds to avoid water droplets splashing onto the module surface.

2. The method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and light complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step S3, when selecting grass species, the formula Calculate the shade tolerance adaptability of grass species, where: For the shade tolerance adaptability of grass species, is the shade tolerance coefficient of grass species, The mature height of grass seeds, The minimum ground clearance of photovoltaic modules. is the root penetration depth, 、 、 is the weight coefficient, and =0.5, =0.3, =-0.2, then according to the calculation results, select Grass seeds ≥0.

6.

3. The method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and light complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step S1, it also includes burying the component grounding flat iron synchronously when digging the steps, the burial depth of which is ≥ 60 cm, and covering the flat iron with a 20 cm thick improved soil layer.

4. The method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and light complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step S2, it also includes laying a permeable geotextile within 1m around the photovoltaic module foundation to prevent water and fertilizer from flowing under the module foundation.

5. The method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and photovoltaic complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step S4, the grass seed spraying time is selected during the period when the shadow of the photovoltaic modules covers ≤30% of the slope area, ensuring that the initial illumination rate of the grass seed is greater than 50%.

6. The method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and photovoltaic complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step S5, it also includes setting an annular root barrier plate 5 cm around the component support column to prevent grass roots from entangled with the support structure.

7. The method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and photovoltaic complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step S4, when the fluorescent tracer is added to the spraying mud, the amount of the fluorescent tracer added is 0.05-0.1%.

8. The method for planting grass under photovoltaic modules on grassland slopes with grazing and photovoltaic complementation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step S1, the width of the dug steps is 1-1.5m, the height is 0.5-0.8m, and the angle is 3-5 degrees inward.

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