Fixed bed adsorption and desorption reactor, carbon dioxide trapping system and trapping method

Abstract

The invention relates to a fixed bed adsorption and desorption reactor and a carbon dioxide trapping system and method. The fixed bed adsorption and desorption reactor comprises a main body, a filler assembly, a temperature control assembly and a partition assembly, the main body comprises a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet and an inner cavity communicated with the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet; the filler assembly is mounted in the inner cavity and divides the inner cavity into an upper cavity body and a lower cavity body; a plurality of groups of partition assemblies are arranged, so that the filler assembly, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are divided into a plurality of subareas; the partition assemblies are provided with air guide channels, one of the air guide channels of the partition assemblies located on the two sides of the same partition is located in the upper cavity, the other air guide channel of the partition assemblies located on the two sides of the same partition is located in the lower cavity, and the carbon dioxide trapping device has the advantage that the carbon dioxide trapping effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture, utilization and storage, and in particular to a fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor, a carbon dioxide capture system and a capture method. Background Art

[0002] Existing coal-fired power plants capture carbon dioxide from flue gas primarily through a calcium cycle technology that uses a carbonation and calcination cycle to adsorb carbon dioxide using calcium-based adsorbents. The main process of this technology is as follows:

[0003] A carbonation reaction occurs in the carbonation reactor, absorbing carbon dioxide from the flue gas and separating it from other gases (i.e., residual flue gas), which are then discharged. The calcium carbonate is then transported via a pipeline to the calcination reactor, where it undergoes a calcination reaction and the generated carbon dioxide is captured. The resulting calcium oxide is then transferred via a pipeline to the carbonation reactor for recycling.

[0004] However, in the above scheme, calcium oxide (i.e., adsorbent material) is easily worn and broken due to collisions during the process of circulation, transportation and transfer, which in turn affects its adsorption effect on carbon dioxide and thus affects the carbon dioxide capture effect. If the calcination reaction and carbonation reaction are carried out in a cycle in the same reactor by controlling the temperature change of the reactor, it is necessary to fill the reactor with calcium oxide. This method, on the one hand, easily leads to insufficient contact between the flue gas and the calcium oxide, thereby affecting the adsorption effect. On the other hand, the presence of the calcium oxide itself or the fine particles produced by the reaction cannot be discharged, resulting in excessive resistance in some areas, which in turn easily leads to the inability of the flue gas to contact with some of the calcium oxide-filled areas, thereby affecting the adsorption effect of carbon dioxide. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor, a carbon dioxide capture system and a capture method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor comprises a main body, a filler component, a temperature control component and a partition component;

[0008] The main body includes a smoke inlet, a smoke outlet, and an inner cavity communicating with the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet;

[0009] The filler assembly is installed in the inner cavity and divides the inner cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity;

[0010] The partition assembly is provided in a plurality of groups to separate the filler assembly, the upper cavity and the lower cavity into a plurality of partitions;

[0011] The partition assembly has an air guide channel, and the air guide channels of the partition assemblies on both sides of the same partition are located, one of which is located in the upper cavity and the other is located in the lower cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the air guide channel of the partition assembly located on the side close to the smoke inlet is arranged in the lower cavity away from the smoke inlet;

[0013] and / or,

[0014] The air guide channel of the partition assembly located on the side close to the smoke outlet is arranged in the upper cavity opened into the smoke outlet.

[0015] Preferably, the packing assembly comprises a packing layer and a perforated plate supporting the packing layer;

[0016] At least a portion of the side wall of the orifice plate is in contact with the inner wall of the inner cavity;

[0017] An anti-blocking component is provided on an end surface of the orifice plate facing the packing layer.

[0018] Preferably, the partition assembly includes a closed partition and a flue gas rectifier;

[0019] One end of the closed partition abuts against one end surface of the orifice plate, and one end of the flue gas rectifier abuts against the other end surface of the orifice plate;

[0020] One end of the closed partition away from the orifice plate and one end of the flue gas rectifier away from the orifice plate are against the upper cavity, and the other is against the lower cavity;

[0021] The air guide channel is located on the flue gas rectifier.

[0022] Preferably, the air guiding channel includes a first air guiding channel and a second air guiding channel;

[0023] The first air guiding channel is located on a side of the second air guiding channel close to the filler assembly. The first air guiding channel is tilted upward, and the second air guiding channel is tilted downward.

[0024] Preferably, the anti-blocking assembly includes an anti-blocking cap, an anti-blocking back plate and an anti-blocking support member;

[0025] A guide surface is formed on the upper end of the anti-blocking cap, and the anti-blocking back plate is fixedly arranged on a side of the anti-blocking cap away from the guide surface;

[0026] One end of the anti-blocking support is connected to the anti-blocking back plate, and the other end is installed on the orifice plate.

[0027] Preferably, it also includes a mounting cavity and an air supply portion;

[0028] The mounting cavity is provided on the orifice plate and is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the anti-blocking component;

[0029] One end of the anti-blocking support member away from the anti-blocking back plate is slidably installed in the installation cavity and abuts and seals against the installation cavity;

[0030] The air supply portion can supply or extract air to the installation cavity to drive the anti-blocking component to move up or down.

[0031] Preferably, it further comprises a hopper correspondingly arranged at the lower end of each partition of the lower cavity;

[0032] A baffle is provided between the upper end of the hopper and the lower cavity;

[0033] The baffle is slidably mounted on the main body and can realize the connection and disconnection between the hopper and the lower cavity by sliding;

[0034] The baffle is located below the partition assembly.

[0035] Preferably, a guide plate is further included, and the guide plate is located at the connecting corner of the inner wall of the upper cavity and / or the lower cavity.

[0036] A carbon dioxide capture system comprises the above-mentioned fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor, wherein a plurality of fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactors are arranged in parallel;

[0037] It also includes a desulfurization subsystem, a flue gas exhaust system, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a carbon dioxide storage subsystem and a steam thermal storage subsystem;

[0038] The desulfurization subsystem is connected to the flue gas inlet of the fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor, the flue gas exhaust system is connected to the flue gas outlet, and heat exchange is achieved between the desulfurization subsystem and the fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor via the first heat exchanger;

[0039] The carbon dioxide storage subsystem is also connected to the flue gas outlet, and heat exchange is achieved between the carbon dioxide storage subsystem and the steam thermal storage subsystem via the second heat exchanger.

[0040] A method for capturing carbon dioxide based on the fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor comprises the following steps:

[0041] Injecting flue gas into the fixed bed adsorption reactor from the flue gas inlet;

[0042] Control the flue gas to pass through the upper cavity, filler assembly, lower cavity, filler assembly and each partition of the upper cavity in the order of upper cavity, filler assembly, lower cavity, filler assembly and upper cavity;

[0043] The flue gas is injected into the fixed bed adsorption reactor from the flue gas outlet

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] The present application provides a fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor, which divides the inner cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a packing assembly. At the same time, several groups of partition assemblies can divide the packing assembly, the upper cavity and the lower cavity into several partitions, so that the flue gas entering from the flue gas inlet can pass through a partition of the upper cavity, a partition of the packing assembly, a partition of the lower cavity, another partition of the lower cavity, another partition of the packing assembly, and another partition of the upper cavity in sequence until it is discharged from the flue gas outlet, so that the flue gas can repeatedly pass through different partitions of the packing assembly and come into contact. At the same time, the flue gas after passing through each partition of the packing assembly can be mixed in different partitions of the upper cavity and different partitions of the lower cavity, thereby increasing the adsorption effect of carbon dioxide in the flue gas. Correspondingly, the carbon dioxide capture system having the above-mentioned fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor can effectively improve the adsorption effect of carbon dioxide. Correspondingly, the carbon dioxide collection method based on the above-mentioned fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor can effectively improve the adsorption effect of carbon dioxide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of one example of the fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of one example of the orifice plate provided by the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0050] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the orifice plate structure.

[0051] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0052] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cut along section AA.

[0053] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of position D in the middle.

[0054] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the distribution of air guide channels on the flue gas rectifier.

[0055] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the carbon dioxide capture system provided by the present invention.

[0056] Description of reference numerals:

[0057] 1. Main body; 11. Flue gas inlet; 12. Flue gas outlet; 13. Inner cavity; 131. Upper cavity; 132. Lower cavity; 14. Opening; 2. Filling assembly; 21. Filling layer; 22. Orifice plate; 221. Through hole; 3. Temperature control assembly; 4. Partition assembly; 40. Air guide channel; 401. First air guide channel; 402. Second air guide channel; 41. Closed partition; 42. Flue gas rectifier; 5. Anti-blocking assembly; 51. Anti-blocking cap; 511. Guide surface; 52. Anti-blocking back plate; 53. Anti-blocking support; 6. Installation cavity; 7. Air supply section; 71. Air supply pipeline; 72. Air supply port; 8. Hopper; 9. Baffle; 10. Guide plate; 100. Fixed bed adsorption / desorption reactor; 200. Desulfurization subsystem; 300. Flue gas exhaust system; 301 , first smoke exhaust pipe; 302, second smoke exhaust pipe; 303, third smoke exhaust pipe; 304, flue gas induced draft fan; 305, economizer; 400, first heat exchanger; 500, second heat exchanger; 600, carbon dioxide storage subsystem; 601, first carbon dioxide collection pipe; 602, second carbon dioxide collection pipe; 603, third carbon dioxide collection pipe; 604, carbon dioxide suction fan; 605, carbon dioxide compressor; 606, carbon dioxide storage tank; 700, steam thermal storage subsystem; 701, desalted water tank; 702, water pipe; 703, steam pipe; 704, steam storage tank; 801, first pipeline; 802, second pipeline; 803, third pipeline; 901, first valve; 902, second valve; 903, third valve; 904, fourth valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0061] See also Figures 1 to 7 An embodiment of the present invention provides a fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor, comprising a main body 1, a packing assembly 2, a temperature control assembly 3, and a partition assembly 4. The packing assembly 2, the temperature control assembly 3, and the partition assembly 4 are all mounted within the main body 1. The temperature control assembly 3 controls the temperature within the main body 1, thereby enabling adsorption and desorption reactions to occur within the same fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor, thereby preventing damage to the adsorbed material during transfer.

[0062] Specifically, the main body 1 includes a smoke inlet 11, a smoke outlet 12, and an inner cavity 13 connecting the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke outlet 12; the filler assembly 2 is installed in the inner cavity 13 and divides the inner cavity 13 into an upper cavity 131 and a lower cavity 132; the partition assembly 4 is provided with several groups to divide the filler assembly 2, the upper cavity 131 and the lower cavity 132 into several partitions; the partition assembly 4 has an air guide channel 40, and the air guide channels 40 of the partition assembly 4 on both sides of the same partition, one of which is located in the upper cavity 131, and the other is located in the lower cavity 132.

[0063] It can be understood that in the above scheme, the inner cavity 13 is divided into the upper cavity 131 and the lower cavity 132 by the filler assembly 2. At the same time, several groups of partition assemblies 4 can separate the filler assembly 2, the upper cavity 131 and the lower cavity 132 into several partitions, so that the smoke entering from the smoke inlet 11 can pass through one partition of the upper cavity 131, one partition of the filler assembly 2, one partition of the lower cavity 132, another partition of the lower cavity 132, another partition of the filler assembly 2, and another partition of the upper cavity 131 in sequence until it is discharged from the smoke outlet 12 (see Figure 1 The direction of the middle arrow is also the direction of flue gas flow), so that the flue gas can repeatedly pass through different partitions of the filler component 2. At the same time, the flue gas after passing through each partition of the filler component 2 can be mixed in different partitions of the upper cavity 131 and different partitions of the lower cavity 132, thereby increasing the adsorption effect of carbon dioxide in the flue gas.

[0064] See also Figure 1 The temperature control component 3 can be set as an electric heating rod, and several electric heating rods are arranged in a matrix manner. The minimum distance between the inner wall of the inner cavity 13 and the heating rod can be set to 0.15-0.25m, and the distance between adjacent heating rods is 0.3-0.5m. Multiple heating rod systems are uniformly controlled by a heating rod control cabinet.

[0065] See also Figure 1 In this embodiment, the air guide channel 40 of the partition assembly 4 located on the side close to the smoke inlet 11 is arranged in the lower cavity 132 away from the smoke inlet 11.

[0066] It is easy to understand that the smoke inlet 11 is located at the upper end of the main body 1. After the smoke enters one of the partitions of the upper cavity 131 through the smoke inlet 11, it passes through the filler assembly 2 from top to bottom and enters the lower cavity 132, so that the smoke passes through the filler assembly 2 from top to bottom. Because the carbon dioxide concentration in the smoke just entering the inner cavity 13 is relatively high, the smoke passing through the filler assembly 2 from top to bottom can increase the contact time between the smoke and the filler assembly 2 to a certain extent, which is conducive to increasing the efficiency of the filler assembly 2 in removing carbon dioxide from the smoke.

[0067] Furthermore, the air guide channel 40 of the partition assembly 4 located on the side close to the smoke outlet 12 is arranged in the upper cavity 131 opened into the smoke outlet 12.

[0068] It is easy to understand that after the smoke has been adsorbed once and enters one of the partitions of the lower chamber 132, it can then pass through the air guide channel 40 into another adjacent partition of the lower chamber 132, and then pass through the filler assembly 2 and the different partitions of the upper chamber 131, and finally be discharged from the smoke outlet 12 connected to one of the partitions of the upper chamber 131. Because the smoke located downstream has a relatively low pressure, connecting the smoke outlet 12 to the upper chamber 131 can increase the number of times the smoke passes through the filler assembly 2 to a certain extent, and can also facilitate the discharge of residual smoke, preventing residual smoke from being retained in the filler assembly 2.

[0069] See also Figures 1 to 3 The packing assembly 2 includes a packing layer 21 and a perforated plate 22 supporting the packing layer 21 . At least a partial side wall of the perforated plate 22 is in contact with the inner wall of the inner cavity 13 .

[0070] Specifically, the through-porosity of the orifice plate 22 is 50-80%.

[0071] Specifically, there are many ways of "connecting", such as welding, clamping or connecting through connectors. A support block can also be set on the inner wall of the inner cavity 13 to support the orifice plate 22, which can ensure the stability of the connection between the orifice plate 22 and the main body 1, so that the orifice plate 22 can stably support the packing layer 21.

[0072] Furthermore, the upper end of the main body 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 14, through which fillers can be added to the orifice plate 22 to form a packing layer 21, and the packing layer 21 can also be withdrawn from the openings 14 to replace the fillers in the packing layer 21. Of course, in other embodiments, if a supporting installation is adopted, the main body 1 can also be provided with a split connection structure to facilitate the lifting of the entire orifice plate 22, the partition assembly 4, or even the packing layer 21, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor or the replacement of the packing layer 21.

[0073] In order to prevent the orifice plate 22 from being blocked and affecting the flue gas collection efficiency and to increase the service life of the orifice plate 22 , an anti-blocking component 5 is provided on the end surface of the orifice plate 22 facing the packing layer 21 .

[0074] The anti-blocking component 5 can be configured in a variety of structures as long as it can prevent the orifice plate 22 from being blocked.

[0075] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the anti-blocking component 5 includes an anti-blocking cap 51, an anti-blocking back plate 52 and an anti-blocking support member 53; a guide surface 511 is formed at the upper end of the anti-blocking cap 51, and the anti-blocking back plate 52 is fixed on the side of the anti-blocking cap 51 away from the guide surface 511; one end of the anti-blocking support member 53 is connected to the anti-blocking back plate 52, and the other end is installed on the orifice plate 22.

[0076] It is not difficult to understand that the provision of the anti-blocking cap 51 can effectively prevent the filler of the packing layer 21 from directly pressing against the through hole 221 on the orifice plate 22, thereby enabling the flue gas to effectively pass through the orifice plate 22, avoiding the hidden danger of reduced efficiency due to blockage of the holes; and the provision of the guide surface 511 can further reduce the contact area between the filler of the packing layer 21 and the anti-blocking cap 51, which is beneficial to increase the circulation space of the flue gas and facilitate the flow of the flue gas.

[0077] Furthermore, the projection of the anti-blocking cap 51 on the orifice plate 22 can cover part of the through hole 221. At the same time, the anti-blocking cap 51 is connected to the orifice plate 22 through the anti-blocking support 53 so that there is a certain gap between the anti-blocking cap 51 and the orifice plate 22. This setting can not only reduce the number of anti-blocking caps 51 to reduce manufacturing costs and processing difficulty, but also ensure the passage of flue gas.

[0078] Furthermore, the provision of the anti-blocking back plate 52 can also effectively reduce the risk of the filler being stuck on the side of the anti-blocking cap 51 away from the guide surface 511 .

[0079] See also Figures 4 to 7 In another embodiment, the anti-blocking cap 51 of the anti-blocking assembly 5 is positioned between the through-holes 221, with the projected edge of the anti-blocking cap 51 tangent to the edge of the through-hole 221. Furthermore, the edges of adjacent anti-blocking caps 51 may also be tangent. It is readily understood that in this case, the smoke and the filler carried by the smoke can be directly guided through the guide surface 511 into the through-hole 221.

[0080] Furthermore, it also includes an installation cavity 6 and an air supply portion 7. The installation cavity 6 is arranged on the orifice plate 22 and is arranged one-to-one with the anti-blocking component 5; the anti-blocking support member 53 is slidably installed in the installation cavity 6 at one end away from the anti-blocking back plate 52, and is sealed against the installation cavity 6; the air supply portion 7 can supply or extract air to the installation cavity 6 to drive the anti-blocking component 5 to move up or down. It is not difficult to understand that this setting can drive the anti-blocking component 5 to push the packing layer 21 to produce a slight displacement, thereby avoiding excessively tight abutment between the packings in the packing layer 21, especially after the fixed bed adsorption and desorption reactor has been used for a period of time, the packings are pushed by the flue gas to abut against each other more tightly, and the flue gas cannot fully react with some of the tightly stacked packings. At the same time, after the anti-blocking component 5 pushes the packing layer 21 to produce a slight movement, it is also more conducive for the flue gas to take away relatively small fillers (i.e. fillers with relatively poor adsorption effects).

[0081] Specifically, the air supply part 7 includes an air supply pipeline 71 and an air supply port 72. One end of the air supply pipeline 71 is connected to the air supply equipment (such as an air pump), and the other end is connected to the air supply port 72. The air supply port 72 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the installation cavity 6.

[0082] In addition, in other embodiments, the installation cavity 6 may also be connected to the through hole 221 via a branch pipeline, and the branch pipeline may be arranged at an angle with respect to the central axis of the through hole 221 , thereby enabling the through hole 221 to be unblocked.

[0083] See also Figure 1 and Figure 8 The partition components 4 each include a closed partition 41 and a flue gas rectifier 42 .

[0084] Specifically, one end of the closed baffle 41 abuts against one end surface of the orifice plate 22, and one end of the flue gas rectifier 42 abuts against the other end surface of the orifice plate 22. One end of the closed baffle 41 away from the orifice plate 22 and one end of the flue gas rectifier 42 away from the orifice plate 22 abut against the upper cavity 131, and the other abuts against the lower cavity 132. The air guide channel 40 is located on the flue gas rectifier 42. It is worth noting that the term "abutting against" herein can mean abutting without a fixed connection, or abutting and fixed connection.

[0085] Furthermore, the air guide channel 40 includes a first air guide channel 401 and a second air guide channel 402; the first air guide channel 401 is located on the side of the second air guide channel 402 close to the filler assembly 2, the first air guide channel 401 is tilted upward, and the second air guide channel 402 is tilted downward.

[0086] Specifically, the thickness a of the flue gas rectifier 42 can be set to 200 mm-300 mm. There are grilles on the flue gas rectifier 42, and the air guide channel 40 is formed between the grilles. The interval b between two adjacent grilles can be set to 100 mm-200 mm.

[0087] It is not difficult to understand that the first air guide channel 401 is tilted upward and the second air guide channel 402 is tilted downward, which is beneficial to increase the flow effect of the gas in the upper cavity 131 or the lower cavity 132, facilitates gas mixing, and avoids the hidden danger of smoke retention caused by dead corners in the upper cavity 131 or the lower cavity 132.

[0088] Furthermore, a guide plate 10 is included, which is located at the connecting angle of the inner walls of the upper cavity 131 and the lower cavity 132 , thereby further reducing the flow dead angle in the upper cavity 131 and the lower cavity 132 .

[0089] See also Figure 1 , and also includes a hopper 8 corresponding to the lower end of each partition of the lower cavity 132; a baffle 9 is provided between the upper end of the hopper 8 and the lower cavity 132; the baffle 9 is slidably installed on the main body 1, and can control the opening and closing of the hopper 8 and the lower cavity 132 by sliding, and the baffle 9 is located below the partition assembly 4.

[0090] It is easy to understand that the baffle 9 is a whole plate structure, which can avoid the formation of dead corners in the smoke flow. The baffle 9 is fitted with the lower end of the partition assembly 4. When there is smoke flow, the baffle 9 directly blocks the connection between the hopper 8 and the lower cavity 132, preventing smoke from entering the hopper 8. When it is necessary to discharge the stuffing retained in the lower cavity 132, the baffle 9 can be moved to connect the hopper 8 and the lower cavity 132 to complete the discharge. At the same time, because the baffle 9 is connected to the main body 1 by sliding, the force generated by the sliding of the baffle 9 relative to the main body 1 can prevent the stuffing from being retained on the baffle 9 and forming a dead corner in the smoke flow path.

[0091] See also Figure 9 This embodiment also provides a carbon dioxide capture system, including the fixed-bed adsorption / desorption reactor 100 provided in the above embodiment, wherein several fixed-bed adsorption / desorption reactors 100 are arranged in parallel; further comprising a desulfurization subsystem 200, a flue gas exhaust system 300, a first heat exchanger 400, a second heat exchanger 500, a carbon dioxide storage subsystem 600 and a steam thermal storage subsystem 700; the desulfurization subsystem 200 is connected to the flue gas inlet 11 of the fixed-bed adsorption / desorption reactor 100, the flue gas exhaust system 300 is connected to the flue gas outlet 12, and heat exchange is achieved between the desulfurization subsystem 200 and the fixed-bed adsorption / desorption reactor 100 through the first heat exchanger 400; the carbon dioxide storage subsystem 600 is also connected to the flue gas outlet 12, and heat exchange is achieved between the carbon dioxide storage subsystem 600 and the steam thermal storage subsystem 700 through the second heat exchanger 500.

[0092] Specifically, the desulfurization subsystem 200 is connected to the first medium inlet of the first heat exchanger 400 through the first pipeline 801, and the first medium outlet of the first heat exchanger 400 is connected to several third pipelines 803 through the second pipeline 802. The other end of the third pipeline 803 is connected to the flue gas inlet 11 of the fixed bed adsorption and desorption reactor 100, wherein three fixed bed adsorption and desorption reactors 100 are arranged in parallel, and correspondingly, three third pipelines 803 are also arranged accordingly. The second pipeline 802 is provided with a first valve 901, and the third pipeline 803 is provided with a second valve 902.

[0093] Specifically, the flue gas exhaust system 300 includes a first flue gas exhaust pipe 301, a second flue gas exhaust pipe 302, a third flue gas exhaust pipe 303, a flue gas induced draft fan 304, and an economizer 305. Along the direction of residual flue gas exhaust, the flue gas outlet 12, the first flue gas exhaust pipe 301, the second flue gas exhaust pipe 302, the first heat exchanger 400, the third flue gas exhaust pipe 303, the flue gas induced draft fan 304, and the economizer 305 are sequentially connected. The first flue gas exhaust pipes 301 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the fixed-bed adsorption / desorption reactors 100, and each first flue gas exhaust pipe 301 is provided with a third valve 903.

[0094] Specifically, the carbon dioxide storage subsystem 600 includes a first carbon dioxide collection pipe 601, a second carbon dioxide collection pipe 602, a third carbon dioxide collection pipe 603, a carbon dioxide suction fan 604, a carbon dioxide compressor 605, and a carbon dioxide storage tank 606. Along the direction of carbon dioxide discharge, the first carbon dioxide collection pipe 601, the second carbon dioxide collection pipe 602, the second heat exchanger 500, the third carbon dioxide collection pipe 603, the carbon dioxide suction fan 604, the carbon dioxide compressor 605, and the carbon dioxide storage tank 606 are sequentially connected. It is readily understood that the first carbon dioxide collection pipe 601 corresponds to each fixed-bed adsorption / desorption reactor 100, and each first exhaust pipe 301 is provided with a fourth valve 904.

[0095] Specifically, the steam thermal storage subsystem 700 includes a desalted water tank 701 , a water pipe 702 , a steam pipe 703 and a steam storage tank 704 , wherein the desalted water tank 701 , the water pipe 702 , the second heat exchanger 500 , the steam pipe 703 and the steam storage tank 704 are connected in sequence.

[0096] It is not difficult to understand that the specific working mode of the above system is as follows:

[0097] During the adsorption reaction, the first valve 901 is opened and part of the second valve 902 is opened. The flue gas discharged from the desulfurization subsystem 200 can pass through the first pipeline 801, the first heat exchanger 400, the second pipeline 802, and the third pipeline 803 with the second valve 902 opened in sequence to enter the corresponding fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor 100. After the reaction, the third valve 903 is opened. The remaining flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet 12 passes through the flue gas outlet 12, the first flue gas exhaust pipe 301, the second flue gas exhaust pipe 302, the first heat exchanger 400, the third flue gas exhaust pipe 303 and the flue gas induced draft fan 304 in sequence, and is discharged to the economizer 305. The remaining flue gas and the flue gas discharged from the desulfurization subsystem 200 are heat exchanged in the first heat exchanger 400 to achieve effective utilization of thermal energy.

[0098] During the desorption reaction, the first valve 901, the second valve 902, and the third valve 903 are all closed, and the fourth valve 904 is open. The carbon dioxide discharged from the flue gas outlet 12 passes through the first carbon dioxide collection pipe 601, the second carbon dioxide collection pipe 602, the second heat exchanger 500, the third carbon dioxide collection pipe 603, the carbon dioxide suction fan 604, and the carbon dioxide compressor 605 in sequence, and is stored in the carbon dioxide storage tank 606. At the same time, the desalted water tank 701 transports water to the second heat exchanger 500 for heat exchange with the carbon dioxide, and the generated hot steam is stored in the steam storage tank 704.

[0099] This embodiment also provides a method for capturing carbon dioxide based on the fixed bed adsorption reactor, comprising the following steps:

[0100] Injecting flue gas into the fixed bed adsorption reactor from the flue gas inlet;

[0101] Control the flue gas to pass through the upper cavity, filler assembly, lower cavity, filler assembly and each partition of the upper cavity in the order of upper cavity, filler assembly, lower cavity, filler assembly and upper cavity;

[0102] The flue gas is injected into the fixed bed adsorption reactor from the flue gas outlet.

[0103] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a main body (1), a filler component (2), a temperature control component (3) and a partition component (4); The main body (1) comprises a smoke inlet (11), a smoke outlet (12), and an inner cavity (13) communicating with the smoke inlet (11) and the smoke outlet (12); The filler assembly (2) is installed in the inner cavity (13) and divides the inner cavity (13) into an upper cavity (131) and a lower cavity (132); The partition assembly (4) is provided with a plurality of groups to separate the filler assembly (2), the upper cavity (131) and the lower cavity (132) into a plurality of partitions; The partition assembly (4) has an air guide channel (40), and the air guide channels (40) of the partition assemblies (4) located on both sides of the same partition, one of which is located in the upper cavity (131) and the other is located in the lower cavity (132).

2. A fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide channel (40) of the partition assembly (4) located on a side close to the smoke inlet (11) is arranged in the lower cavity (132) away from the smoke inlet (11); and / or, The air guide channel (40) of the partition assembly (4) located on a side close to the smoke outlet (12) is arranged in the upper cavity (131) opened into the smoke outlet (12).

3. A fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The packing assembly (2) comprises a packing layer (21) and a perforated plate (22) supporting the packing layer (21); At least a partial side wall of the orifice plate (22) is in contact with the inner wall of the inner cavity (13); An anti-blocking component (5) is provided on the end surface of the orifice plate (22) facing the filler layer (21).

4. A fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition assembly (4) includes a closed partition (41) and a flue gas rectifier (42); One end of the closed partition (41) abuts against one end surface of the orifice plate (22), and one end of the flue gas rectifier (42) abuts against the other end surface of the orifice plate (22); One end of the closed partition (41) away from the orifice plate (22) and one end of the flue gas rectifier (42) away from the orifice plate (22) are against the upper cavity (131), and the other is against the lower cavity (132); The air guide channel (40) is located on the flue gas rectifier (42).

5. The fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air guiding channel (40) comprises a first air guiding channel (401) and a second air guiding channel (402); The first air guiding channel (401) is located on a side of the second air guiding channel (402) close to the filler assembly (2); the first air guiding channel (401) is arranged to be tilted upward, and the second air guiding channel (402) is arranged to be tilted downward.

6. The fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-blocking assembly (5) comprises an anti-blocking cap (51), an anti-blocking back plate (52) and an anti-blocking support member (53); The upper end of the anti-blocking cap (51) forms a guide surface (511), and the anti-blocking back plate (52) is fixedly arranged on a side of the anti-blocking cap (51) away from the guide surface (511); One end of the anti-blocking support member (53) is connected to the anti-blocking back plate (52), and the other end is mounted on the orifice plate (22).

7. The fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a mounting cavity (6) and an air supply portion (7); The mounting cavity (6) is provided on the orifice plate (22) and is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the anti-blocking assembly (5); One end of the anti-blocking support member (53) away from the anti-blocking back plate (52) is slidably installed in the installation cavity (6) and abuts against and seals the installation cavity (6); The air supply portion (7) is capable of supplying or extracting air to the installation cavity (6) to drive the anti-blocking component (5) to move upward or downward.

8. The fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hopper (8) correspondingly arranged at the lower end of each partition of the lower cavity (132); A baffle (9) is provided between the upper end of the hopper (8) and the lower cavity (132); The baffle (9) is slidably mounted on the main body (1) and can realize the connection and disconnection between the hopper (8) and the lower cavity (132) by sliding; The baffle (9) is located below the partition assembly (4).

9. The fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide plate (10), and the guide plate (10) is located at the connecting corner of the inner wall of the upper cavity (131) and / or the lower cavity (132).

10. A carbon dioxide capture system, characterized in that: It comprises the fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactor (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a plurality of fixed bed adsorption-desorption reactors (100) are arranged in parallel; It also includes a desulfurization subsystem (200), a flue gas exhaust system (300), a first heat exchanger (400), a second heat exchanger (500), a carbon dioxide storage subsystem (600) and a steam thermal storage subsystem (700); The desulfurization subsystem (200) is connected to the flue gas inlet (11) of the fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor (100), the flue gas exhaust system (300) is connected to the flue gas outlet (12), and heat exchange is achieved between the desulfurization subsystem (200) and the fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor (100) via the first heat exchanger (400); The carbon dioxide storage subsystem (600) is also connected to the flue gas outlet (12), and heat exchange is achieved between the carbon dioxide storage subsystem (600) and the steam heat storage subsystem (700) via the second heat exchanger (500).

11. A method for capturing carbon dioxide using a fixed-bed adsorption-desorption reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Injecting flue gas into the fixed bed adsorption reactor from the flue gas inlet; Control the flue gas to pass through the upper cavity, filler assembly, lower cavity, filler assembly and each partition of the upper cavity in the order of upper cavity, filler assembly, lower cavity, filler assembly and upper cavity; The flue gas is injected into the fixed bed adsorption reactor from the flue gas outlet.

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