Janus membrane with tissue adhesiveness, preparation method of Janus membrane and application of Janus membrane to neural restoration

Abstract

The invention provides a Janus membrane with tissue adhesiveness, a preparation method of the Janus membrane and application of the Janus membrane to neural restoration. The Janus membrane with the tissue adhesiveness comprises an electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with the tissue adhesiveness. The electrospun fiber layer is used as a non-viscous isolation layer, has good mechanical properties and air permeability, and can effectively avoid adhesion and compression of surrounding tissues; the oriented hydrogel fiber layer has unique tissue adhesiveness and an oriented structure, the tissue adhesiveness characteristic of the oriented hydrogel fiber layer can ensure that the oriented hydrogel fiber layer is tightly attached to nervous tissues, and the oriented structure can guide directional regeneration of nerves, so that the nerve regeneration efficiency is remarkably improved, directional adhesion and migration of cells can be induced, axons are promoted to extend in a specific direction, and the nerve regeneration effect is improved. Therefore, the formation of neuroma is effectively prevented. The Janus membrane and a nerve broken end are bonded without tension and curled to form an exclusive catheter which is adaptive to various nerve diameters and complex branch structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical supplies, and in particular to a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof in nerve repair. Background Art

[0002] Each year, approximately one million patients worldwide suffer peripheral nerve defects due to accidents, traffic incidents, iatrogenic injuries, and other causes. These defects result in poor prognosis and high disability rates, severely impacting patients' quality of life and placing a significant burden on their families and society. Therefore, nerve defect reconstruction has become a clinically challenging issue that demands urgent resolution.

[0003] Autologous nerve transplantation is a common method for repairing peripheral nerve defects. It involves harvesting nerves from nonfunctional areas of the patient's own body and transplanting them to the defect site, restoring nerve continuity. It is suitable for situations with longer defects following trauma, tumor resection, or nerve injury. However, limited donor resources, functional impairments in the donor site, and size mismatch with the recipient nerve limit its clinical application.

[0004] The emergence and development of tissue engineering has provided a new path for constructing autologous nerve graft substitutes. Tissue-engineered nerve grafts, with their adjustable structure and size, abundant material sources, and excellent processing properties, have become the most promising alternative therapy. Conventional nerve grafts, mostly fixed-type catheters, are not only prone to epineurial denudation and even neuroma formation at the suture site when connecting nerve ends of varying diameters, but also, due to their simple structure, are difficult to repair complex nerve branches, significantly limiting the effectiveness of nerve damage repair.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop repair materials that can be personalized to adapt to various nerve diameters and complex branch structures, and can avoid the peeling of the epineurium at the suture point and even the occurrence of neuromas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention addresses the problem that catheters used to treat nerve defects not only easily cause epineurial denudation and even neuroma at the suture point when connecting nerve ends of different diameters, but also have difficulty repairing complex nerve branches due to their simple structure, which greatly limits the effectiveness of nerve damage repair. The present invention provides a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion, a preparation method, and nerve repair applications.

[0007] The technical method of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A Janus membrane with tissue adhesiveness comprises an electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesiveness.

[0009] Preferably, the raw materials for the tissue-adhesive oriented hydrogel fiber layer include a solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid. Specifically, the solution containing hydrogel fibers comprises hydrogel fibers and a solvent, wherein the hydrogel fibers include one or more of methacrylated gelatin, methacrylated chitosan, methacrylated hyaluronic acid, and methacrylated alginate, and the solvent includes hexafluoroisopropanol and / or dimethylformamide. The concentration of tannic acid is 1%-10%. The concentration of the solution containing hydrogel fibers is 5%-20%.

[0010] Preferably, the raw material for the electrospun fibers is a solution containing electrospun fibers; wherein the solution containing the electrospun fibers comprises electrospun fibers and a solvent, wherein the electrospun fibers comprise one or more of silk fibroin, chitosan, collagen, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone, and the solvent comprises one or more of hexafluoroisopropanol, acetic acid, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, and chloroform. Here, the concentration of the solution containing the electrospun fibers is 5% to 20%.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a Janus membrane having tissue adhesiveness, comprising:

[0012] An electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesion were prepared by electrospinning.

[0013] The electrospun fiber layer and the oriented hydrogel fiber layer undergo cross-linking and curing reaction to obtain a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion.

[0014] Specifically, the steps of preparing an electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer by electrospinning processing include: electrospinning a solution containing electrospun fibers to form an electrospun fiber layer; mixing the solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid to obtain a mixed solution; fixing the electrospun fiber layer on an orientation receiving device, and using electrospinning processing on its surface to prepare the mixed solution into an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesion.

[0015] Preferably, the cross-linking curing reaction includes one of an ultraviolet curing reaction, a thermal curing reaction, and an ion cross-linking reaction.

[0016] The present invention also provides application of the Janus membrane with tissue adhesion in repairing nerves.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The tissue-adhesive Janus membrane of the present invention is composed of an electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesion. Among them, the electrospun fiber layer, as a non-adhesive isolation layer, has good mechanical properties (elasticity, toughness) and air permeability, and can effectively avoid adhesion and compression of surrounding tissues; while the oriented hydrogel fiber layer has unique tissue adhesion and orientation structure. Its tissue adhesion characteristics can ensure close fit with nerve tissue, and the orientation structure can guide the directional regeneration of nerves, which not only significantly improves the efficiency of nerve regeneration, but also induces directional adhesion and migration of cells, promotes the extension of axons in a specific direction, and thus effectively prevents the formation of neuromas. The Janus membrane is tension-free bonded to the stump of the nerve and curled to form a dedicated catheter that is adaptable to various nerve diameters and complex branch structures. This solves the limitations of traditional catheters in bridging nerve defects of different diameters and complex branch structures and the strict technical requirements for operators, and reduces secondary damage caused by surgical sutures.

[0019] Second, the raw materials for the tissue-adhesive oriented hydrogel fiber layer of the present invention include a solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid (TA). Due to its tissue-adhesive properties, TA is commonly used in the preparation of oral mucosal patches, but its application in nerve repair has not yet been reported. Unlike other viscous additives such as glycine and polydopamine, TA acts only on protein components, preventing nonspecific adhesion between materials that could lead to duct closure. Therefore, the tissue-adhesive oriented hydrogel fiber layer achieves tissue adhesion by adding TA. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The figure shows the bonding effect of the inner layer of Janus membrane on different materials; Figure 1 A is the effect picture before Janus membrane and tissue are bonded. Figure 1 B is the effect picture after Janus membrane and tissue are bonded. Figure 1 C is the effect picture of Janus film and paper towel before bonding. Figure 1 D is the effect picture after Janus film and paper towel are bonded together. Figure 1 E is the effect picture before Janus film and tin foil are bonded together. Figure 1 F is the effect picture after Janus film and tin foil are bonded together. Figure 1 G is the effect picture before the paper towel and tissue are bonded. Figure 1 H is the effect picture after the paper towel and tissue are bonded together. Figure 1 I is the effect diagram of Janus membrane and tissue adhesion in the first position. Figure 1 J is the effect diagram of Janus membrane and tissue adhesion in the second orientation. Figure 1 K is the effect of Janus membrane and tissue adhesion in the third position;

[0021] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope images of oriented fibers and non-oriented fibers are shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 A is the first SEM image of the oriented fiber, and the scale length at the bottom of the image is 300 μm; Figure 2 B is the second SEM image of the oriented fibers, with the scale bar at the bottom of the image being 100 μm; Figure 2 C is the third SEM image of the oriented fibers, with the scale bar at the bottom of the image being 40 μm; Figure 2 D is the first SEM image of non-oriented fibers, with the scale bar at the bottom of the image being 300 μm; Figure 2 E is the second SEM image of non-oriented fibers, with the scale bar at the bottom of the image being 100 μm; Figure 2 F is the third SEM image of non-oriented fibers, with the scale bar at the bottom of the image being 40 μm;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the orientation analysis result diagram of oriented fibers;

[0023] Figure 4 The scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining results of DRG cells cultured on oriented fibers and non-oriented fibers are shown in Figure 1. Figure 4 A is the scanning electron microscope image of non-oriented fibers. Figure 4 B is the immunofluorescence staining of non-oriented fibers. Figure 4 C is the scanning electron microscope image of oriented fibers. Figure 4 D is the immunofluorescence staining image of oriented fibers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The concept of the present invention: In order to ensure nerve adhesion while promoting efficient and directional regeneration of axons internally and avoiding adhesion and extrusion of surrounding tissues externally, the present invention designs a double-layer membrane material (Janus membrane) with asymmetric internal and external component composition and morphological structure.

[0026] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a Janus membrane with tissue adhesiveness, wherein the Janus membrane comprises an electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesiveness.

[0027] Specifically, the oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesion (also known as inner layer or oriented fiber) of the present invention has tissue adhesion and orientation structure, and its tissue adhesion characteristics can ensure close fit with nerve tissue, and the orientation structure can guide nerve directional regeneration, not only significantly improving the efficiency of nerve regeneration, but also inducing cell directional adhesion and migration, promoting axons to extend in a specific direction, and thus effectively preventing the formation of neuromas. The electrospun fiber layer (also known as outer layer or mesh fiber) of the present invention serves as a non-sticky isolation layer, has good mechanical properties (elasticity, toughness) and air permeability, and can effectively avoid adhesion and compression of surrounding tissues. High toughness, elasticity and selective permeability are preferably designed using a mesh structure. The Janus membrane is tension-free bonded to the nerve stump, curled to form an exclusive catheter, adapted to various nerve diameters and complex branch structures, to solve the limitations of traditional catheters for bridging nerve defects of different diameters and complex branch structures and the stringent technical requirements for operators, and to reduce secondary damage caused by surgical sutures.

[0028] Preferably, the raw materials for the tissue-adhesive oriented hydrogel fiber layer include a solution containing hydrogel fibers and TA. Due to its tissue-adhesive properties, TA is commonly used in the preparation of oral mucosal patches, but its application in nerve repair has not been reported. Unlike other viscous additives such as glycine and polydopamine, TA only acts on protein components, preventing nonspecific adhesion between materials that can lead to duct closure. Therefore, the tissue-adhesive oriented hydrogel fiber layer achieves tissue adhesion by adding TA.

[0029] In one embodiment, the solution containing hydrogel fibers includes hydrogel fibers and a solvent, the hydrogel fibers include one or more of methacrylated gelatin (GelMA), methacrylated chitosan (CSMA), methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA), and methacrylated alginate (Alginate-MA), and the solvent includes hexafluoroisopropanol and / or dimethylformamide.

[0030] In one embodiment, the concentration of tannic acid is 1%-10%, for example, 3%, 5%, or 7%. The concentration of the hydrogel fiber solution is 5%-20%, for example, 13%, 15%, or 17%. Different concentrations affect degradation rates and mechanical properties. Solutions containing hydrogel fibers with higher concentrations are more suitable for repairing long-distance or large-diameter nerve defects.

[0031] Preferably, the raw materials of the electrospun fiber include electrospun fiber and a solvent, the electrospun fiber includes one or more of silk fibroin (SF), chitosan, collagen, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone (PCL), and the solvent includes one or more of hexafluoroisopropanol, acetic acid, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, and chloroform.

[0032] In one embodiment, the concentration of the electrospun fiber solution is 5%-20%. For example, the concentration of the electrospun fiber solution can be 13%, 15%, or 17%. Different concentrations can affect the degradation rate and mechanical properties. Solutions with higher concentrations of electrospun fibers are more suitable for repairing long-distance or large-diameter nerve defects.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a Janus membrane having tissue adhesiveness, comprising:

[0034] S1, preparing an electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesion by electrospinning;

[0035] S2. The electrospun fiber layer and the oriented hydrogel fiber layer undergo a cross-linking and curing reaction to obtain a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion.

[0036] In step S1:

[0037] In one embodiment, the step of preparing an electrospun fiber layer by electrospinning includes: subjecting a solution containing electrospun fibers to electrospinning to form an electrospun fiber film as the electrospun fiber layer. Here, the solution containing the electrospun fibers includes electrospun fibers and a solvent, the electrospun fibers include one or more of silk fibroin, chitosan, collagen, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone, and the solvent includes hexafluoroisopropanol and / or dimethylformamide. The electrospun fibers and the solvent are mixed to obtain a solution containing the electrospun fibers. The mixing method can be stirring, ultrasound, etc. The concentration of the solution containing the electrospun fibers is 5%-20%.

[0038] In one embodiment, the steps of preparing an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesiveness through electrospinning include: mixing a solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid to produce a mixed solution; then, securing the electrospun fiber layer to an orientation receiving device, and using an electrospinning process on the surface of the device to prepare the mixed solution into an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesiveness. Here, the raw materials for the oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesiveness include a solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid. The solution containing hydrogel fibers includes hydrogel fibers and a solvent, wherein the hydrogel fibers include one or more of methacrylated gelatin, methacrylated chitosan, methacrylated hyaluronic acid, and methacrylated alginate; and the solvent includes hexafluoroisopropanol and / or dimethylformamide. The hydrogel fibers and the solvent are mixed to produce a solution containing hydrogel fibers. Mixing can be performed by stirring, ultrasonication, or the like. The solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid can be mixed by stirring, ultrasonication, or the like. The concentration of tannic acid is 1%-10%. The concentration of the solution containing hydrogel fibers is 5%-20%.

[0039] In step S2:

[0040] In one embodiment, the cross-linking curing reaction includes one of an ultraviolet curing reaction, a thermal curing reaction, and an ion cross-linking reaction, and preferably an ultraviolet curing reaction is used.

[0041] In one embodiment, after cross-linking and curing, ventilation drying may be performed to volatilize the solvent in the hydrogel and the solvent and the solvent in the solution containing the electrospun fibers.

[0042] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the tissue-adhesive Janus membrane for nerve repair. The tissue-adhesive Janus membrane of the present invention simplifies implantation and accommodates complex nerve defects. This overcomes the limitations of traditional catheters for bridging nerve defects of varying diameters and branching structures, as well as the stringent operator skills required, thereby reducing secondary damage caused by surgical suturing.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all preparation raw materials are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples and experimental examples, which are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A method for preparing a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion comprises the following steps:

[0047] (1) Silk fibroin (SF) and hexafluoroisopropanol solution were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% SF;

[0048] (2) using electrospinning technology, the solution containing 10 wt% SF obtained in step (1) was used to prepare a mesh fiber membrane on a common flat plate receiver;

[0049] (3) GelMA and hexafluoroisopropanol were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% of GelMA, and TA was added to obtain a mixed solution; the amount of TA added was 2 wt% of the mixed solution;

[0050] (4) fixing the mesh fiber membrane obtained in step (2) on a high-speed rotating cylindrical receiver, and using electrospinning technology on the surface of the mesh fiber membrane to prepare the mixed solution obtained in step (3) into an oriented fiber membrane;

[0051] (5) The mesh fiber membrane and the oriented fiber membrane obtained in step (4) are cross-linked and cured by ultraviolet light, and then dried by ventilation to completely volatilize the hexafluoroisopropanol. The resulting Janus membrane can be cut at will and bonded to the stump of a nerve to repair a complex nerve defect.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A method for preparing a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion comprises the following steps:

[0054] (1) PCL and hexafluoroisopropanol solution were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% PCL;

[0055] (2) using electrospinning technology, the solution containing 10 wt% PCL obtained in step (1) was used to prepare a mesh fiber membrane on a common flat receiver;

[0056] (3) GelMA and hexafluoroisopropanol were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% of GelMA, and TA was added to obtain a mixed solution; the amount of TA added was 2 wt% of the mixed solution;

[0057] (4) fixing the mesh fiber membrane obtained in step (2) on a high-speed rotating cylindrical receiver, and using electrospinning technology on the surface of the mesh fiber membrane to prepare the mixed solution obtained in step (3) into an oriented fiber membrane;

[0058] (5) The mesh fiber membrane and the oriented fiber membrane obtained in step (4) are cross-linked and cured by ultraviolet light, and then dried by ventilation to completely volatilize the hexafluoroisopropanol. The resulting Janus membrane can be cut at will and bonded to the stump of a nerve to repair a complex nerve defect.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A method for preparing a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion comprises the following steps:

[0061] (1) PCL and hexafluoroisopropanol solution were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% PCL;

[0062] (2) using electrospinning technology, the solution containing 10 wt% PCL obtained in step (1) was used to prepare a mesh fiber membrane on a common flat receiver;

[0063] (3) HAMA and dimethylformamide were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% HAMA, and TA was added to obtain a mixed solution; the amount of TA added was 2 wt% of the mixed solution;

[0064] (4) fixing the mesh fiber membrane obtained in step (2) on a high-speed rotating cylindrical receiver, and using electrospinning technology on the surface of the mesh fiber membrane to prepare the mixed solution obtained in step (3) into an oriented fiber membrane;

[0065] (5) The mesh fiber membrane and the oriented fiber membrane obtained in step (4) are cross-linked and cured by ultraviolet light, and then dried by ventilation to completely volatilize the hexafluoroisopropanol and dimethylformamide. The resulting Janus membrane can be cut at will and bonded to the stump of a nerve to repair complex nerve defects.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] A method for preparing a Janus membrane comprises the following steps:

[0068] (1) SF and hexafluoroisopropanol solution were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% SF;

[0069] (2) using electrospinning technology, the solution containing 10 wt% SF obtained in step (1) was used to prepare a mesh fiber membrane on a common flat plate receiver;

[0070] (3) GelMA and hexafluoroisopropanol were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% of GelMA, and TA was added to obtain a mixed solution; the amount of TA added was 2 wt% of the mixed solution;

[0071] (4) fixing the mesh fiber membrane obtained in step (2) on a non-high-speed rotating cylindrical receiver, and using electrospinning technology on the surface of the receiver to prepare a non-oriented fiber membrane from the mixed solution obtained in step (3);

[0072] (5) The mesh fiber membrane obtained in step (4) and the non-oriented fiber membrane are cross-linked and cured by ultraviolet light, and then air-dried to completely volatilize the hexafluoroisopropanol. The resulting Janus membrane can be cut at will and bonded to the nerve stump to repair complex nerve defects. The non-oriented structure of the inner layer will affect the efficiency of nerve regeneration.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] A method for preparing a Janus membrane comprises the following steps:

[0075] (1) SF and hexafluoroisopropanol solution were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% SF;

[0076] (2) using electrospinning technology, the solution containing 10 wt% SF obtained in step (1) was used to prepare a mesh fiber membrane on a common flat plate receiver;

[0077] (3) GelMA and hexafluoroisopropanol were mixed by ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a solution containing 10 wt% GelMA;

[0078] (4) fixing the mesh fiber membrane obtained in step (2) on a high-speed rotating cylindrical receiver, and using electrospinning technology on the surface of the mesh fiber membrane to prepare the solution containing 10 wt% GelMA obtained in step (3) into an oriented fiber membrane;

[0079] (5) The mesh fiber membrane and the oriented fiber membrane obtained in step (4) are cross-linked and cured by ultraviolet light, and then dried under ventilation to completely volatilize the hexafluoroisopropanol. The resulting Janus membrane can be cut at will, but cannot be bonded to the nerve stump.

[0080] Performance evaluation:

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, ☆ marks the position of Janus membrane. Figure 1 A to Figure 1 As shown in H, beef was used to verify that the inner layer of the Janus membrane (Example 1) only had a good adhesion effect on protein tissue. Figure 1 I to Figure 1 As shown in K, the inner layer of the Janus membrane in different orientations has a good adhesion effect on protein tissue.

[0082] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the morphological differences between the oriented (Example 1) and non-oriented (Comparative Example 1) fibers can be seen from the scanning electron microscopy results. Figure 2 A to Figure 2 C, The oriented fibers are magnified 500, 1000, and 5000 times, respectively. The lengths of the scale bars at the bottom of the figure are 300 μm, 100 μm, and 40 μm for the oriented fibers, respectively. Figure 2 D to Figure 2 F, Non-oriented fibers magnified 500x, 1000x, and 5000x, respectively. The scale bars at the bottom of the figure represent 300μm, 100μm, and 40μm non-oriented fibers, respectively. It can be seen that the oriented fibers have a relatively consistent directionality, while the non-oriented fibers have no directionality.

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown, through the analysis of the orientation degree of the oriented fibers of Example 1, the fibers obtained by oriented electrospinning have a good orientation degree, and the fiber directions are concentrated at about 90°.

[0084] like Figure 4 Figures 2 and 3 show scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence staining results of DRG cells cultured on oriented (Example 1) and non-oriented (Comparative Example 1) fibers (scale bars: 10 μm for SEM and 100 μm for immunofluorescence, respectively). Arrows indicate the orientation of neurofilaments. Both SEM and immunofluorescence staining results for DRG cells cultured on oriented and non-oriented fibers demonstrate that fiber orientation influences the direction of neurofilament extension, mediating directional axonal growth.

[0085] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A Janus membrane with tissue adhesion, characterized in that The Janus membrane includes an electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesiveness.

2. The Janus membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw materials of the oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesiveness include a solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid.

3. The Janus membrane according to claim 2, characterized in that The solution containing hydrogel fibers comprises hydrogel fibers and a solvent; wherein, The hydrogel fiber includes one or more of methacrylated gelatin, methacrylated chitosan, methacrylated hyaluronic acid, and methacrylated alginate, and the solvent includes hexafluoroisopropanol and / or dimethylformamide.

4. The Janus membrane according to claim 3, characterized in that The concentration of the tannic acid is 1%-10%, and the concentration of the solution containing the hydrogel fiber is 5%-20%.

5. The Janus membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw material of the electrospun fiber is a solution containing electrospun fibers; wherein, The solution containing electrospun fibers includes electrospun fibers and a solvent. The electrospun fibers include one or more of silk fibroin, chitosan, collagen, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone. The solvent includes one or more of hexafluoroisopropanol, acetic acid, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, and chloroform.

6. The Janus membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that The concentration of the solution containing the electrospun fibers is 5%-20%.

7. The method for preparing the Janus membrane having tissue adhesiveness according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: An electrospun fiber layer and an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesion were prepared by electrospinning. The electrospun fiber layer and the oriented hydrogel fiber layer undergo cross-linking and curing reaction to obtain a Janus membrane with tissue adhesion.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that The cross-linking and curing reaction includes one of an ultraviolet curing reaction, a thermal curing reaction, and an ion cross-linking reaction.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that The step of preparing the electrospun fiber layer and the oriented hydrogel fiber layer by electrospinning comprises: electrospinning the solution containing the electrospun fibers to form an electrospun fiber layer; mixing a solution containing hydrogel fibers and tannic acid to obtain a mixed solution; The electrospun fiber layer is fixed on an orientation receiving device, and electrostatic spinning is used on the surface of the device to prepare the mixed liquid into an oriented hydrogel fiber layer with tissue adhesion.

10. Use of the Janus membrane with tissue adhesion according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in nerve repair.

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