Layered structure MXenes aluminum-based composite wire and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an MXenes aluminum-based composite wire with a layered structure and a preparation method of the MXenes aluminum-based composite wire, and belongs to the technical field of high-strength, high-conductivity and heat-resistant aluminum wires. The MXenes aluminum-based composite wire with the layered structure comprises long-strip crystal grains which are formed by stretching a MXenes aluminum-based composite material with the layered structure along a conductive direction, the long-strip crystal grain comprises a crystal boundary, a two-dimensional MXenes sheet layer and nano Al2O3 nano particles. Through an electrochemical intercalation-heat treatment modification process, a nano-aluminum coating layer is constructed on the surface of MXenes in situ, the technical problem of weak interface bonding of MXenes and an aluminum matrix is solved, and the obtained Al2O3 nano-particle and MXenes synergistically enhanced composite material wire with a multi-scale layered heterostructure shows excellent comprehensive performance and has good application prospects. The technical effects of high strength, high conductivity and high heat resistance are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-strength, high-conductivity, and heat-resistant aluminum wires, and in particular to a layered MXenes aluminum-based composite wire and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of the profound electrification of energy systems, the performance upgrade of conductors, the core carrier of power transmission, is urgently needed. Extensive research has been conducted in the existing art, such as in patent application publication number CN114999709A and patent announcement number CN118507144B. Traditional aluminum conductors have low strength, making them difficult to meet the safety requirements of long-distance power transmission. Furthermore, strength and conductivity exhibit a conflicting relationship: conventional strengthening methods such as alloying and grain refinement significantly reduce conductivity. Furthermore, conductors soften significantly at high temperatures, limiting improvements in their transmission capacity. These performance bottlenecks have severely hindered the further application of aluminum conductor materials in power grids.

[0003] Discovered in the early 21st century, two-dimensional graphene sheets have been extensively studied for their ultra-high strength and electrical conductivity, with applications achieving breakthroughs in the strength and heat resistance of aluminum-based composites. However, graphene's hydrophobicity causes it to aggregate severely within the aluminum matrix and reacts with the aluminum to form a brittle AlC phase, resulting in unsatisfactory composite performance.

[0004] MXenes, as a new type of two-dimensional material, possess metallic properties and exhibit superior wettability with aluminum substrates compared to graphene. However, existing MXenes introduce functional groups such as -F and -OH during the etching process, which weakens the interfacial bonding between MXenes and aluminum and negatively impacts the performance of metal-matrix composites. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a layered MXenes aluminum-based composite conductor and its preparation method. Through the electrochemical intercalation-heat treatment modification process, a nano-aluminum coating is constructed in situ on the MXenes surface, solving the technical problem of weak interface bonding between MXenes and the aluminum matrix. Using powder metallurgy and subsequent plastic deformation processes, pure aluminum fine powder (powder particle size ≤10μm) is used as the matrix powder and modified MXenes as the reinforcement phase, a composite material with a multi-scale layered heterogeneous structure is successfully prepared. The material exhibits the following characteristics: (1) the matrix grains are directionally elongated along the current transmission direction; (2) the grain boundaries along the length direction of the grains are synergistically reinforced by two-dimensional MXenes sheets and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles; (3) the interior of the grains is relatively clean. This structure achieves a synergistic improvement in the strength, conductivity and heat resistance of the conductor: the room temperature tensile strength is ≥300MPa, while maintaining a high conductivity of ≥55% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). The room temperature tensile strength after heat exposure at 400°C still maintains more than 90% of the tensile strength without heat exposure.

[0006] The present invention provides a layered MXenes aluminum-based composite conductor, comprising long grains elongated along the conductive direction of the layered MXenes aluminum-based composite; the long grains include grain boundaries, two-dimensional MXenes lamellae and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles.

[0007] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a layered MXenes aluminum-based composite conductor, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0008] Step 1: coating the surface of aluminum powder with an Al2O3 nano-aluminum layer to obtain pretreated aluminum powder;

[0009] Step 2: Coating a nano-aluminum layer on the surface of MXenes powder to obtain pretreated MXenes powder;

[0010] Step 3: Mixing pretreated aluminum powder and pretreated MXenes powder to obtain mixed powder;

[0011] Step 4: sintering the blank;

[0012] Step 5: Hot extrusion and cold drawing of the blank to obtain the wire.

[0013] Optionally, the specific steps of step 1 are as follows: heating and keeping the aluminum powder warm multiple times to complete the pre-oxidation of the powder; placing the pre-oxidized aluminum powder in an inert gas atmosphere, heating it, and then keeping it warm to obtain pretreated aluminum powder.

[0014] Optionally, the aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder with a size of 1 to 10 μm.

[0015] Optionally, the specific steps of step 2 are as follows: using MXenes powder as the cathode and performing electrolysis with an aluminum ion salt solution electrolyte to obtain MXenes powder wrapped in an ion exchange membrane; drying the MXenes powder wrapped in the ion exchange membrane, and then reducing the dried powder to obtain pretreated MXenes powder.

[0016] Optionally, the chemical formula of MXenes in the MXenes powder is M x A y T z , wherein M is a transition metal element; A is at least one of a C element and a N element; and T is an -OH, -F or =O group.

[0017] Optionally, the specific steps of step 3 are as follows: mixing the pretreated MXenes powder with alcohol to obtain a modified MXenes solution; pouring the pretreated aluminum powder into the modified MXenes solution to obtain a mixed solution; and obtaining a mixed powder based on the mixed solution.

[0018] Optionally, the specific steps of step 3 are as follows: the aluminum ion salt solution is aluminum trichloride AlCl3 salt solution and / or aluminum nitrate AlNO3 salt solution.

[0019] Optionally, the specific steps of step 5 are as follows: extruding the sintered blank into a rod by a hot extrusion process, the hot working temperature is 400-450°C, the diameter of the extruded rod is 8-12 mm, and then the rod is cold drawn to prepare a wire with a diameter of 3-5 mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention modifies MXenes and coats the surface of the MXenes powder with a nano-aluminum layer, successfully solving the problem of weak interfacial bonding between MXenes and the aluminum matrix. Spherical fine aluminum powder with a purity of 99.9% (powder particle size ≤ 10μm) is pretreated to coat the surface of the aluminum powder with a large amount of Al2O3 nanoparticles. Through powder metallurgy and subsequent plastic deformation, a composite material with a multi-scale layered heterogeneous structure is prepared, in which the grains are elongated along the direction of current transmission and the grain boundaries along the grain length are synergistically reinforced by two-dimensional MXene phases and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles.

[0022] (2) The composite conductors obtained by the present invention, which are synergistically reinforced with Al2O3 nanoparticles and MXenes and have a multi-scale layered heterogeneous structure, exhibit excellent overall performance, with a room temperature tensile strength of ≥300 MPa while maintaining a high electrical conductivity of ≥55% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). After heat exposure at 400°C, the room temperature tensile strength remains above 90% of the tensile strength before heat exposure, achieving the technical benefits of high strength, high conductivity, and high heat resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the layered MXenes aluminum-based composite conductor of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the wire in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1-2 , discloses a layered MXenes aluminum-based composite wire, including long strip grains elongated along the conductive direction of the layered MXenes aluminum-based composite; the long strip grains include grain boundaries, two-dimensional MXenes sheets and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles.

[0028] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a layered MXenes aluminum-based composite conductor, which is used to prepare the aforementioned conductor.

[0029] The specific steps of Example 1 are as follows:

[0030] Step 1: coating the surface of aluminum powder with an Al2O3 nano-aluminum layer to obtain pretreated aluminum powder;

[0031] Specifically, a ceramic ark containing aluminum powder is placed in a heat treatment furnace under an air atmosphere, heated and kept warm, then the ceramic ark is taken out and the powder is stirred so that the powder inside the ark is located on the surface, and then placed back into the heat treatment furnace for keeping warm. This process is repeated many times to complete the pre-oxidation of the powder; then the pre-oxidized aluminum powder is placed in a heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere, heated and kept warm to obtain pretreated aluminum powder.

[0032] Specifically, the aluminum powder has a purity of 99.9% and a spherical particle size of 1 to 3 μm;

[0033] Specifically, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under air atmosphere is 100-200° C. each time, and the temperature is kept for 1-5 hours; preferably, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under air atmosphere is 100° C. each time, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour;

[0034] Specifically, the pre-oxidation treatment in the heat treatment furnace under air atmosphere is repeated 5 to 10 times; preferably, repeated 10 times.

[0035] Specifically, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere is 450-500° C., and the temperature is kept for 1-5 hours; preferably, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere is 500° C., and the temperature is kept for 1 hour.

[0036] In the present invention, through the processing of this step, a large number of Al2O3 nanoparticles are coated on the surface of the aluminum powder.

[0037] Step 2: Coating a nano-aluminum layer on the surface of MXenes powder to obtain pretreated MXenes powder;

[0038] Specifically, the electrochemical intercalation method is used with MXenes powder as the cathode and electrolysis is carried out with an aluminum ion salt solution electrolyte to obtain MXenes powder wrapped in an ion exchange membrane; the MXenes powder wrapped in the ion exchange membrane is placed in a heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere for drying, and then the dried powder is placed in a heat treatment furnace under a H2 atmosphere for reduction to obtain pretreated MXenes powder.

[0039] Among them, the chemical formula of MXenes in MXenes powder is M x A y T z , where M is a transition metal element, A is at least one of C and N; T is -OH, -F or =O group, for example: Ti2CT x 、Ti3C2T x 、Ti4C3T x 、Mo2CT x 、V2CT x 、Ta4C3T x 、Nb4C3T x etc. as the reinforcing phase of modified MXenes.

[0040] Optionally, the aluminum ion salt solution is aluminum chloride AlCl3 salt solution and / or aluminum nitrate AlNO3 salt solution.

[0041] In the present invention, through the treatment of this step, the surface of the MXenes powder is coated with a nano-aluminum layer.

[0042] Preferably, the concentration of the aluminum chloride AlCl salt solution is 1.0-1.5 mol / L, preferably, the concentration is 1.0 mol / L.

[0043] Preferably, the electrolysis voltage is 1 to 5 V, and the intercalation time is 1 to 3 hours. Preferably, the voltage is 1 V, and the intercalation time is 2 hours.

[0044] Preferably, the drying temperature is 100-200° C., and the drying time is 1-3 hours; preferably, the drying temperature is 150° C., and the drying time is 60 minutes.

[0045] Preferably, the reduction temperature is 800-1000° C., and the reduction time is 2-5 hours; preferably, the reduction temperature is 900° C., and the reduction time is 2 hours.

[0046] In the present invention, through the treatment of this step, the surface of the MXenes powder is coated with a nano-aluminum layer.

[0047] Step 3: Mix the pretreated aluminum powder and the pretreated MXenes powder to obtain a mixed powder.

[0048] Specifically, the pretreated MXenes powder is poured into alcohol and dispersed by stirring to obtain a modified MXenes solution, and then the pretreated aluminum powder is poured into the modified MXenes solution and continued to stir to obtain a mixed solution;

[0049] The mixed solution is placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain mixed powder.

[0050] The pretreated MXenes powder and the pretreated aluminum powder in the mixed powder of the present invention are evenly dispersed, and the MXenes powder has no obvious agglomeration.

[0051] Specifically, the concentration of the pretreated MXenes powder and alcohol after mixing is 1 to 3 mg / mL, the stirring speed is 100 to 300 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 to 3 hours; preferably, the concentration of the pretreated MXenes powder and alcohol after mixing is 3 mg / mL, the stirring speed is 100 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 hour.

[0052] Specifically, during mixing and stirring, the concentration of the pretreated aluminum powder and the modified MXenes solution after mixing is 0.1 to 1 kg / L, the stirring time is 1 to 5 hours, and after drying, the modified MXenes reinforcement phase accounts for 0.1 to 3% wt of the mixed powder content; preferably, the concentration of the pretreated aluminum powder and the modified MXenes solution after mixing is 1 kg / L, the content of the modified MXenes reinforcement phase is 1% wt, and the stirring time is 3 hours.

[0053] Step 4: Sintering the blank.

[0054] Specifically, a pressureless sintering process is used to prepare the sintered blank. First, the mixed powder is placed in a cylindrical mold for cold pressing. The mold diameter is 80-100 mm, the parameters are a pressure of 200-400 MPa, and a holding time of 30-60 min. The cold-pressed blank is then placed in a sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 550-600 ° C, the sintering time is 4-8 hours, and after sintering is completed, it is cooled to below 100-120 ° C with the furnace and the sintered blank is taken out. Preferably, the mold diameter is 100 mm, the parameters are a pressure of 300 MPa, and a holding time of 20 min. The cold-pressed blank is then placed in a sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 600 ° C, the sintering time is 6 hours, and after sintering is completed, it is cooled to below 100 ° C with the furnace.

[0055] The modified MXenes powder of the sintered blank of the present invention has good interface bonding with the aluminum matrix, and two different dimensional reinforcement phases, namely a two-dimensional MXenes phase and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles, exist inside the material.

[0056] Step 5: Hot extrusion and cold drawing of the blank to obtain the wire.

[0057] Specifically, the sintered blank is extruded into a rod through a hot extrusion process, the hot working temperature is 400-450°C, and the diameter of the extruded rod is 8-12 mm. The rod is then subjected to multiple cold drawing passes to prepare a wire with a diameter of 3-5 mm. Preferably, the hot working temperature is 450°C, the diameter of the extruded rod is 8 mm, and the rod is then subjected to multiple cold drawing passes to prepare a wire with a diameter of 3 mm.

[0058] The wire of Example 1 possesses the following characteristics: (1) the matrix grains are directionally elongated along the direction of current transmission; (2) the grain boundaries along the length of the grains are synergistically reinforced by two-dimensional MXene sheets and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles; and (3) the interior of the grains is relatively clean. The wire has a room-temperature tensile strength of 380 MPa while maintaining a high electrical conductivity of 55% IACS. After heat exposure at 400°C, the room-temperature tensile strength remains over 90% of that of the wire without heat exposure.

[0059] The specific steps of Example 2 are as follows:

[0060] Step 1: coating the surface of aluminum powder with an Al2O3 nano-aluminum layer to obtain pretreated aluminum powder;

[0061] Specifically, a ceramic ark containing aluminum powder is placed in a heat treatment furnace under an air atmosphere, heated and kept warm, then the ceramic ark is taken out and the powder is stirred so that the powder inside the ark is located on the surface, and then placed back into the heat treatment furnace for keeping warm. This process is repeated many times to complete the pre-oxidation of the powder; then the pre-oxidized aluminum powder is placed in a heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere, heated and kept warm to obtain pretreated aluminum powder.

[0062] Specifically, the aluminum powder has a purity of 99.9% and is spherical with a particle size of 5 to 10 μm;

[0063] Specifically, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under air atmosphere is 100-200° C. each time, and the temperature is kept for 1-5 hours; preferably, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under air atmosphere is 100° C. each time, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour;

[0064] Specifically, the pre-oxidation treatment in the heat treatment furnace under air atmosphere is repeated 5 to 10 times; preferably, repeated 10 times.

[0065] Specifically, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere is 450-500° C., and the temperature is kept for 1-5 hours; preferably, the temperature in the heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere is 500° C., and the temperature is kept for 1 hour.

[0066] In the present invention, through the processing of this step, a large number of Al2O3 nanoparticles are coated on the surface of the aluminum powder.

[0067] Step 2: Coating a nano-aluminum layer on the surface of MXenes powder to obtain pretreated MXenes powder;

[0068] Specifically, the electrochemical intercalation method is used with MXenes powder as the cathode and electrolysis is carried out with an aluminum ion salt solution electrolyte to obtain MXenes powder wrapped in an ion exchange membrane; the MXenes powder wrapped in the ion exchange membrane is placed in a heat treatment furnace under an argon atmosphere for drying, and then the dried powder is placed in a heat treatment furnace under a H2 atmosphere for reduction to obtain pretreated MXenes powder.

[0069] Among them, the chemical formula of MXenes in MXenes powder is M x A y T z , where M is a transition metal element, A is at least one of C and N; T is -OH, -F or =O group, for example: Ti2CT x 、Ti3C2T x 、Ti4C3T x 、Mo2CT x 、V2CT x 、Ta4C3T x 、Nb4C3T x etc. as the reinforcing phase of modified MXenes.

[0070] Optionally, the aluminum ion salt solution is aluminum chloride AlCl3 salt solution and / or aluminum nitrate AlNO3 salt solution.

[0071] In the present invention, through the treatment of this step, the surface of the MXenes powder is coated with a nano-aluminum layer.

[0072] Preferably, the concentration of the aluminum chloride AlCl salt solution is 1.0-1.5 mol / L, preferably, the concentration is 1.0 mol / L.

[0073] Preferably, the electrolysis voltage is 1 to 5 V, and the intercalation time is 1 to 3 hours. Preferably, the voltage is 1 V, and the intercalation time is 2 hours.

[0074] Preferably, the drying temperature is 100-200° C., and the drying time is 1-3 hours; preferably, the drying temperature is 150° C., and the drying time is 60 minutes.

[0075] Preferably, the reduction temperature is 800-1000° C., and the reduction time is 2-5 hours; preferably, the reduction temperature is 900° C., and the reduction time is 2 hours.

[0076] In the present invention, through the treatment of this step, the surface of the MXenes powder is coated with a nano-aluminum layer.

[0077] Step 3: Mix the pretreated aluminum powder and the pretreated MXenes powder to obtain a mixed powder.

[0078] Specifically, the pretreated MXenes powder is poured into alcohol and dispersed by stirring to obtain a modified MXenes solution, and then the pretreated aluminum powder is poured into the modified MXenes solution and continued to stir to obtain a mixed solution;

[0079] The mixed solution is placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain mixed powder.

[0080] The pretreated MXenes powder and the pretreated aluminum powder in the mixed powder of the present invention are evenly dispersed, and the MXenes powder has no obvious agglomeration.

[0081] Specifically, the concentration of the pretreated MXenes powder and alcohol after mixing is 1 to 3 mg / mL, the stirring speed is 100 to 300 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 to 3 hours; preferably, the concentration of the pretreated MXenes powder and alcohol after mixing is 3 mg / mL, the stirring speed is 100 r / min, and the stirring time is 1 hour.

[0082] Specifically, during mixing and stirring, the concentration of the pretreated aluminum powder and the modified MXenes solution after mixing is 0.1 to 1 kg / L, the stirring time is 1 to 5 hours, and the content of the modified MXenes reinforcement phase in the mixed powder after drying is 0.1 to 3% wt; preferably, the concentration of the pretreated aluminum powder and the modified MXenes solution after mixing is 1 kg / L, the content of the modified MXenes reinforcement phase is 0.5% wt, and the stirring time is 3 hours.

[0083] Step 4: Sintering the blank.

[0084] Specifically, a pressureless sintering process is used to prepare the sintered blank. First, the mixed powder is placed in a cylindrical mold for cold pressing. The mold diameter is 80-100 mm, the parameters are a pressure of 200-400 MPa, and a holding time of 30-60 min. The cold-pressed blank is then placed in a sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 550-600 ° C, the sintering time is 4-8 hours, and after sintering is completed, it is cooled to below 100-120 ° C with the furnace and the sintered blank is taken out. Preferably, the mold diameter is 100 mm, the parameters are a pressure of 300 MPa, and a holding time of 20 min. The cold-pressed blank is then placed in a sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 600 ° C, the sintering time is 6 hours, and after sintering is completed, it is cooled to below 100 ° C with the furnace.

[0085] The modified MXenes powder of the sintered blank of the present invention has good interface bonding with the aluminum matrix, and two different dimensional reinforcement phases, namely a two-dimensional MXenes phase and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles, exist inside the material.

[0086] Step 5: Hot extrusion and cold drawing of the blank to obtain the wire.

[0087] Specifically, the sintered blank is extruded into a rod through a hot extrusion process, the hot working temperature is 400-450°C, and the diameter of the extruded rod is 8-12 mm. The rod is then subjected to multiple cold drawing passes to prepare a wire with a diameter of 3-5 mm. Preferably, the hot working temperature is 450°C, the diameter of the extruded rod is 10 mm, and the rod is then subjected to multiple cold drawing passes to prepare a wire with a diameter of 3 mm.

[0088] The wire of Example 2 exhibits the following characteristics: (1) the matrix grains are directionally elongated along the direction of current transmission; (2) the grain boundaries along the length of the grains are synergistically reinforced by two-dimensional MXene sheets and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles; and (3) the interior of the grains is relatively clean. The wire has a room-temperature tensile strength of 300 MPa while maintaining a high electrical conductivity of 58% IACS. After heat exposure at 400°C, the room-temperature tensile strength remains over 90% of that of the wire without heat exposure.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A layered MXenes aluminum-based composite conductor, characterized in that: It includes long strip grains elongated along the conductive direction of layered MXenes aluminum-based composites; the long strip grains include grain boundaries, two-dimensional MXenes sheets and nano-Al2O3 nanoparticles.

2. A method for preparing a layered MXenes aluminum-based composite conductor, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: coating the surface of aluminum powder with an Al2O3 nano-aluminum layer to obtain pretreated aluminum powder; Step 2: Coating a nano-aluminum layer on the surface of MXenes powder to obtain pretreated MXenes powder; Step 3: Mixing pretreated aluminum powder and pretreated MXenes powder to obtain mixed powder; Step 4: sintering the blank; Step 5: Hot extrusion and cold drawing of the blank to obtain the wire.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The specific steps of step 1 are as follows: heating and keeping the aluminum powder warm for multiple times to complete the pre-oxidation of the powder; placing the pre-oxidized aluminum powder in an inert gas atmosphere, heating it, and then keeping it warm to obtain pretreated aluminum powder.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that The aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder with a size of 1 to 10 μm.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that The specific steps of step 2 are as follows: using MXenes powder as the cathode and electrolyzing with aluminum ion salt solution electrolyte to obtain MXenes powder wrapped with ion exchange membrane; drying the MXenes powder wrapped with ion exchange membrane, and then reducing the dried powder to obtain pretreated MXenes powder.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that The chemical formula of MXenes in MXenes powder is M x A y T z , wherein M is a transition metal element; A is at least one of a C element and a N element; and T is an -OH, -F or =O group.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that The specific steps of step 3 are as follows: mixing the pretreated MXenes powder with alcohol to obtain a modified MXenes solution; pouring the pretreated aluminum powder into the modified MXenes solution to obtain a mixed solution; A mixed powder is obtained based on the mixed solution.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The specific steps of step 3 are as follows: the aluminum ion salt solution is aluminum trichloride AlCl3 salt solution and / or aluminum nitrate AlNO3 salt solution.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The specific steps of step 5 are as follows: the sintered blank is extruded into a rod by a hot extrusion process, the hot working temperature is 400-450°C, the diameter of the extruded rod is 8-12 mm, and then the rod is cold drawn to prepare a wire with a diameter of 3-5 mm.

Images