Rubber forest photo-thermal synergetic light supplementing illumination lamp
Through the multi-module collaborative design of photothermal collaborative light filling equipment, the problems of insufficient spectral adaptability and thermal radiation regulation in rubber forests are solved, the photothermal coupling effect is optimized, the photosynthetic efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of rubber trees are improved, and the efficient growth and rubber production performance of rubber forests are promoted.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510781670.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing fill-up light equipment has problems such as poor spectral adaptability, lack of thermal radiation regulation and insufficient multi-parameter coordinated control in rubber forests, resulting in low photosynthetic efficiency and low energy utilization efficiency, making it difficult to meet the coordinated demand for the light quality ratio and canopy microclimate of rubber trees throughout the cycle.
The coordinated design of the light control module, the thermal control module, the control module and the energy management module is adopted to achieve multi-dimensional dynamic matching of light quality-heat field-environmental parameters. Through the combination of photosynthetic effective radiation unit, the optical morphology control unit, the infrared radiation unit, the thermal cycle unit, the environmental perception unit and the energy management module, the spectrum and thermal radiation are dynamically adjusted to meet the needs of the rubber tree, and the three-variable coupling control is realized through the fuzzy PID algorithm.
It significantly improves the photosynthetic efficiency and rubber production performance of rubber trees, improves energy utilization efficiency, realizes the optimization of the photothermal coupling effect and the adaptability of complex forest environments, and improves the productivity and ecological benefits of rubber forests.
Smart Images
Figure CN120583571A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant supplementary lighting, and in particular to a photothermal coordinated supplementary lighting lamp for rubber forests. Background Art
[0002] As a typical tropical economic forest species, the growth and rubber production efficiency of rubber plantations are closely related to the light and heat environment. In areas with higher latitudes or significant seasonal climate fluctuations, the temporal and spatial mismatch between natural light intensity and thermal radiation conditions often leads to blocked photosynthesis and metabolic imbalance in rubber trees, which in turn affects latex synthesis and phenological development. Although traditional lighting technology can provide basic light compensation under rainy or short-day conditions, it generally suffers from poor spectral adaptability and lack of thermodynamic regulation. It is difficult to meet the coordinated requirements of light quality ratio and canopy microclimate for the full growth cycle of rubber trees, which restricts the productivity improvement of rubber plantations in high-latitude areas.
[0003] Existing lighting equipment faces significant technical bottlenecks in its application in rubber forests. On the one hand, lighting devices with fixed spectral outputs cannot dynamically match the changing demands of rubber trees for specific wavelengths such as ultraviolet and far-red light during different phenological periods (e.g., flowering and wintering), leading to abnormal light morphology. On the other hand, most devices lack the ability to actively regulate thermal radiation and are unable to alleviate the latex flow resistance effect in low-temperature, high-humidity environments through precise thermal field intervention. Furthermore, the independence of light and heat output can easily lead to imbalanced canopy temperature rise. Furthermore, conventional control strategies often rely on feedback from a single environmental variable, making it difficult to achieve nonlinear optimization under multi-parameter coupling, resulting in low energy efficiency and insufficient adaptability in complex forest microenvironments. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a photothermal synergistic supplemental lighting fixture for rubber plantations, aiming to address the technical challenges of existing supplemental lighting equipment, including poor spectral adaptability, lack of thermal radiation regulation, and insufficient multi-parameter coordinated control. Through the collaborative and innovative design of a light regulation module, a thermal regulation module, a control module, and an energy management module, a multi-dimensional dynamic matching of light quality, thermal field, and environmental parameters is achieved, significantly improving the photosynthetic efficiency and rubber production of rubber trees.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a rubber forest light and heat coordinated supplementary lighting lamp, which is composed of a light control module, a heat control module and a control module working in coordination.
[0006] The light control module is used to dynamically output a composite light source that matches the photosynthesis spectrum requirements of the rubber tree;
[0007] The thermal control module is used to generate a controllable thermal radiation field according to the environmental thermodynamic parameters;
[0008] The control module performs nonlinear collaborative control on the output parameters of the light regulation module and the heat regulation module based on the rubber forest microenvironment data, thereby optimizing the light-heat coupling effect.
[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the light regulation module includes a photosynthetic active radiation unit and a light morphology regulation unit.
[0010] The photosynthetically active radiation unit outputs a continuous spectrum with a wavelength range of 400-700nm; the light morphology control unit outputs a discrete spectrum combination including UV-A and far-infrared bands.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spectral ratio of the light morphology control unit is dynamically adjusted according to the phenological period of the rubber tree, the proportion of far-red light in the flowering period is increased to 15-20%, and the proportion of UV-A in the wintering period is increased to 8-12%.
[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the thermal control module includes an infrared radiation unit and a thermal circulation unit.
[0013] The infrared radiation unit emits infrared waves with a wavelength of 8-14 μm; the thermal circulation unit converts excess light energy into controllable thermal energy output through energy conversion.
[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the output intensity of the infrared radiation unit is adjusted in a negative correlation with the humidity in the forest, and the gradient enhancement mode is started when the relative humidity is greater than 85%.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the control module includes an environment perception unit and a dynamic optimization unit.
[0016] The environmental perception unit collects canopy temperature, soil heat flux and photosynthetically active radiation values in real time; the dynamic optimization unit calculates the light and heat requirement threshold of the rubber tree through a metabolic equivalent model and generates a multi-parameter collaborative control strategy.
[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dynamic optimization unit adopts a fuzzy PID algorithm to establish a light intensity-temperature-humidity three-variable coupling control model, and the output parameter adjustment accuracy reaches ±2.5%.
[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes an energy management module, which realizes off-grid energy supply through a photovoltaic energy storage unit and a biomass energy conversion unit.
[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the biomass energy conversion unit includes a rubber tree branch cracking device to convert pruning waste into a thermal energy storage medium.
[0020] The present invention achieves a precise match between photosynthetically active radiation and canopy microclimate through the dynamic spectral matching of the light regulation module and the intelligent thermal field intervention of the heat regulation module. The UV-A / far-infrared wavelengths are adaptively adjusted according to the phenological phase, promoting photomorphogenesis and secondary metabolite synthesis. Combined with the reduction of latex flow resistance by 8-14 μm infrared wavelengths, this improves the photosynthetic efficiency of rubber trees and increases rubber production during the wintering period.
[0021] This invention utilizes a three-variable coupled control model based on a fuzzy PID algorithm, achieving coordinated control of light intensity, temperature, and humidity with ±2.5% accuracy, significantly improving adaptability to complex forest environments. An off-grid energy supply system integrating photovoltaic energy storage and biomass energy conversion converts over 30% of pruning waste into a thermal energy storage medium, reducing reliance on external energy sources and achieving both ecological and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of a rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting fixture according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.
[0024] The present invention provides a rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting lamp, which is composed of a light control module, a heat control module and a control module working in coordination.
[0025] The light regulation module is used to dynamically output a composite light source that matches the photosynthesis spectrum requirements of the rubber tree; the thermal regulation module is used to generate a controllable thermal radiation field according to the environmental thermodynamic parameters; and the control module performs nonlinear collaborative control of the output parameters of the light regulation module and the thermal regulation module based on the rubber forest microenvironment data to achieve optimization of the light-thermal coupling effect.
[0026] The light regulation module in the present invention includes a photosynthetically active radiation unit and a light morphology regulation unit. The photosynthetically active radiation unit outputs a continuous spectrum with a wavelength range of 400-700nm; the light morphology regulation unit outputs a discrete spectrum combination including UV-A and far-red light bands. The spectral ratio of the light morphology regulation unit is dynamically adjusted according to the phenological period of the rubber tree. The proportion of far-red light in the flowering period is increased to 15-20%, and the proportion of UV-A in the wintering period is increased to 8-12%.
[0027] The thermal control module in the present invention includes an infrared radiation unit and a thermal circulation unit. The infrared radiation unit emits infrared waves with a wavelength of 8-14μm; the thermal circulation unit converts excess light energy into controllable thermal energy output through energy conversion. The output intensity of the infrared radiation unit is negatively correlated with the humidity in the forest, and the gradient enhancement mode is activated when the relative humidity is greater than 85%.
[0028] The control module in the present invention includes an environmental perception unit and a dynamic optimization unit. The environmental perception unit collects canopy temperature, soil heat flux and photosynthetically active radiation in real time. The dynamic optimization unit calculates the light and heat requirement threshold of the rubber tree through a metabolic equivalent model and generates a multi-parameter collaborative control strategy. The dynamic optimization unit adopts a fuzzy PID algorithm to establish a light intensity-temperature-humidity three-variable coupling control model, and the output parameter adjustment accuracy reaches ±2.5%.
[0029] The present invention also includes an energy management module, which realizes off-grid energy supply through a photovoltaic energy storage unit and a biomass energy conversion unit. The biomass energy conversion unit includes a rubber tree branch cracking device to convert pruning waste into a thermal energy storage medium.
[0030] Example:
[0031] The system was deployed at a rubber plantation in Hainan, covering 10 mu (approximately 10 mu) of mature rubber forest (8-10 years old). The lamps, designed as a modular system, were installed at intervals of 15 meters in the tree canopy, 4 meters above the ground, creating a gridded solar thermal field.
[0032] (1) Implementation details of the light control module
[0033] Photosynthetically Active Radiation Unit: Utilizes a wide-spectrum COB LED array (brand: Cree CXB3590), outputting a continuous spectrum of 400-700nm, with peak wavelengths set at 450nm (blue light) and 660nm (red light). Spectral intensity is dynamically adjusted based on the canopy PAR value, maintaining 800-1200μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , supplementary light at night is reduced to 300-500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 .
[0034] Light morphology control unit: Equipped with UV-A LEDs (365nm wavelength, Seoul Semiconductor SU365S) and far-infrared LEDs (730nm wavelength, Osram OSLON 730), the light spectrum is matched using PWM dimming. The proportion of far-infrared light is increased to 18% (of total photosynthetic radiation) during flowering, and to 10% during wintering. This switching is triggered automatically by a phenological recognition sensor (phenological camera + leaf conductivity detection).
[0035] (2) Thermal Control Module Implementation Details
[0036] Infrared radiation unit: Carbon fiber infrared emitting tube (wavelength 8-14μm, power density 150W / m 2 ) is located at the base of the luminaire. When the humidity sensor (Sensirion SHT45) detects canopy relative humidity ≥ 85%, a three-stage gradient heating mode is activated: Level 1 (40% power) maintains the leaf surface temperature at 28°C; Level 2 (65% power) eliminates condensation; and Level 3 (100% power) rapidly reduces humidity to below 80%.
[0037] Thermal circulation unit: An integrated thermoelectric generator (TEG1-241-1.0-1.2, 12% efficiency) converts waste heat from the LED heat sink into electrical energy for storage. It also stores excess heat through phase change thermal storage materials (paraffin wax / expanded graphite composite, melting point 42°C) and releases it to the canopy through a heat pipe system at night.
[0038] (3) Control module implementation details
[0039] Environmental sensing unit: Deployment of a multi-parameter sensor network, including: (1) Canopy temperature monitoring: PT1000 platinum resistance array (accuracy ±0.3°C); (2) Soil heat flux detection: HFP01SC heat flux plate (range ±200W / m 2 ); (3) Photosynthetically active radiation monitoring: LI-190R quantum sensor (400-700nm).
[0040] Dynamic optimization unit: The STM32H743 main control chip is used to run the fuzzy PID algorithm and establish a three-variable control model: (1) Input variables: light intensity deviation e_light (set value vs. measured PAR), temperature deviation e_temp, humidity deviation e_humid; (2) Output variables: LED drive current (0-3A), infrared power ratio (0-100%), thermal cycle valve opening; (3) The control rule library contains 81 fuzzy rules, for example: IFe_light = negative large AND e_temp = positive small THEN red light gain +15%, infrared power -20%; (4) The adaptive adjustment cycle is 5 minutes, and the measured control accuracy reaches ±2.1%.
[0041] (4) Energy management module implementation details
[0042] Photovoltaic energy storage unit: Equipped with monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels (Longi LR6-72HPH, 450W / piece), each 6 panels form a 2.7kW array, paired with lithium iron phosphate batteries (CATL 100Ah, 48V system), with a daytime energy storage efficiency of 92%.
[0043] Biomass energy conversion unit: An integrated mobile cracking furnace (processing capacity 50kg / h) crushes the pruned branches into 3-5mm particles, which are then cracked at 500°C under oxygen-deficient conditions to produce biochar (calorific value 23MJ / kg) and synthesis gas, which are converted into thermal energy storage through a catalytic burner, with an energy conversion efficiency of 68%.
[0044] Implementation effect verification
[0045] After testing throughout 2023, compared with the traditional high-pressure sodium lamp lighting system: (1) the light energy utilization rate during the flowering period increased by 37%, and the fruit setting rate increased by 22%; (2) the canopy temperature in the early morning period (5:00-7:00) during the wintering period increased by 3.8℃, and the latex flow rate increased by 41%; (3) the overall energy consumption throughout the year was reduced by 63%, of which the biomass energy substitution rate reached 45%.
[0046] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present application realizes the dynamic balance of light quality, thermal field and energy through the collaboration of multiple modules. Especially in the high humidity environment of the rainy season (average daily humidity > 90%), the system increases the latex dry glue content from 32% to 39%, verifying the technical advantages of the invention in the complex forest microenvironment.
[0047] In summary, the rubber forest photothermal coordinated supplementary lighting lighting fixture of the present invention effectively solves the technical bottleneck of existing supplementary lighting equipment in the application of rubber forests, can significantly improve the photosynthetic efficiency, rubber production performance and energy utilization efficiency of rubber trees, and achieves a good unity of ecological and economic benefits. It provides an efficient, accurate and environmentally friendly photothermal coordinated supplementary lighting solution for rubber forest planting in high-latitude areas or areas with significant climate fluctuations, and has broad application prospects in the rubber forest planting industry.
[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rubber forest light-heat synergistic supplementary lighting lamp, characterized in that: It is composed of light control module, heat control module and control module working together. The light control module is used to dynamically output a composite light source that matches the photosynthesis spectrum requirements of the rubber tree; The thermal control module is used to generate a controllable thermal radiation field according to the environmental thermodynamic parameters; The control module performs nonlinear collaborative control on the output parameters of the light regulation module and the heat regulation module based on the rubber forest microenvironment data, thereby optimizing the light-heat coupling effect.
2. A rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light regulation module includes a photosynthetic active radiation unit and a light morphology regulation unit. The photosynthetically active radiation unit outputs a continuous spectrum with a wavelength range of 400-700nm; The light morphology control unit outputs a discrete spectrum combination including UV-A and far-red light bands.
3. A rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spectral ratio of the light morphology control unit is dynamically adjusted according to the phenological period of the rubber tree, with the proportion of far-red light increasing to 15-20% during the flowering period and the proportion of UV-A increasing to 8-12% during the wintering period.
4. The rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal control module includes an infrared radiation unit and a thermal circulation unit. The infrared radiation unit emits infrared waves with a wavelength of 8-14 μm; the thermal circulation unit converts excess light energy into controllable thermal energy output through energy conversion.
5. A rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting lamp according to claim 4, characterized in that, The output intensity of the infrared radiation unit is adjusted in a negative correlation with the humidity in the forest, and the gradient enhancement mode is started when the relative humidity is greater than 85%.
6. The rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module includes an environment perception unit and a dynamic optimization unit. The environmental perception unit collects canopy temperature, soil heat flux and photosynthetically active radiation values in real time; the dynamic optimization unit calculates the light and heat requirement threshold of the rubber tree through a metabolic equivalent model and generates a multi-parameter collaborative control strategy.
7. The rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic optimization unit adopts fuzzy PID algorithm to establish a light intensity-temperature-humidity three-variable coupling control model, and the output parameter adjustment accuracy reaches ±2.5%.
8. The rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an energy management module, which realizes off-grid energy supply through a photovoltaic energy storage unit and a biomass energy conversion unit.
9. The rubber forest light-heat coordinated supplementary lighting fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The biomass energy conversion unit includes a rubber tree branch cracking device to convert pruning waste into a thermal energy storage medium.