Light-emitting device, photoelectric conversion device, electronic apparatus, lighting device, and moving object

Abstract

The light emitting device includes a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element formed on a substrate, and a first microlens and a second microlens. The first light emitting element includes a first light emitting layer and an optical resonant structure having a first optical path length, and the second light emitting element includes a second light emitting layer and an optical resonant structure having a second optical path length, the second optical path length being longer than the first optical path length. The area of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer is defined as S1 ', where S1 is the area of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer, and S1 is the area of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer, where the light that has entered from the normal direction of the substrate and has passed through the first microlens enters the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer. The area of a region where light that has entered from the normal direction of the substrate and has passed through the second microlens enters the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer is defined as S2 ', and the area of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer is defined as S2', then S1-S1 '< S2-S2'.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting device, a photoelectric conversion device, an electronic device, a lighting device, and a moving object. Background Art

[0002] An organic light-emitting element, also known as an organic electroluminescent element (organic EL element), is an electronic element comprising an electrode pair and an organic compound layer disposed between the electrodes. By injecting electrons and holes from the electrode pair into the organic compound layer, excitons of a luminescent organic compound in the organic compound layer are generated, and when the excitons return to the ground state, the organic light-emitting element emits light. Light-emitting devices using organic light-emitting elements have been put into practical use. Patent Document 1 specifies the relationship between the spectral half-width of a light-emitting element and the curvature of a microlens for the purpose of improving light extraction efficiency or viewing angle characteristics.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2022-80507 Summary of the Invention

[0006] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0007] In light-emitting elements with optical resonant structures, the light emission distribution has a greater component in the frontal direction. Light-emitting devices including light-emitting elements with different resonator interference orders may exhibit differences in viewing angle characteristics. The present invention can provide a technique that facilitates improving viewing angle characteristics in light-emitting devices including light-emitting elements each having a resonant structure. In other words, the present invention provides a technique that can suppress differences in viewing angle characteristics between pixels with different interference orders.

[0008] Solutions for solving problems

[0009] A light-emitting device according to the present invention is a light-emitting device comprising: a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element formed on a substrate, and a first microlens and a second microlens arranged to correspond to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, respectively, wherein the first light-emitting element comprises a first light-emitting layer containing an organic compound and an optical resonance structure having a first optical path length, and the second light-emitting element comprises a second light-emitting layer containing an organic compound and an optical resonance structure having a second optical path length, wherein the second optical path length is longer than the first optical path length, and wherein light having entered from a normal direction of the substrate and having passed through the first microlens enters the substrate. The area of ​​the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer and the area around the light-emitting region is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer is defined as S1', the area of ​​the light that has entered from the normal direction of the substrate and has passed through the second microlens and enters the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer and the area around the light-emitting region is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer is defined as S2', then the relationship represented by |S1-S1'|<|S2-S2'| is satisfied, and in each of the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, one of the area where the light enters and the light-emitting region is included in the other area.

[0010] Effects of the Invention

[0011] According to the present invention, a technique can be provided that is advantageous for improving viewing angle characteristics in a light emitting device including light emitting elements each having a resonant structure. In other words, differences in viewing angle characteristics between pixels having different interference orders can be suppressed.

[0012] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Note that throughout the drawings, like reference numerals designate like or similar components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic arrangement of a light emitting device;

[0015] Figure 2 is a view showing a schematic arrangement of light emitting elements;

[0016] Figure 3 is a view showing a schematic arrangement of light emitting elements;

[0017] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an optical path of light having passed through a microlens;

[0018] Figure 5A is a diagram showing an example of an optical path of light that has passed through a microlens;

[0019] Figure 5B is a diagram showing an example of an optical path of light that has passed through a microlens;

[0020] Figure 6A is a diagram showing an example of an optical path of light that has passed through a microlens;

[0021] Figure 6B is a diagram showing an example of an optical path of light that has passed through a microlens;

[0022] Figure 7A is a diagram showing an example of an optical path of light that has passed through a microlens;

[0023] Figure 7B is a diagram showing an example of an optical path of light that has passed through a microlens;

[0024] Figure 8 is a diagram for explaining an optical resonance structure;

[0025] Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example of an optical path of light that has passed through a microlens;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a view used to illustrate microlenses and viewing angles;

[0027] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0028] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0029] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0030] Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0031] Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0032] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0033] Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0034] Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0035] Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0036] Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0037] Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting device;

[0038] Figure 22 is a diagram showing an example of arranging color filters;

[0039] Figure 23 is a diagram showing an example of arranging color filters;

[0040] Figure 24 is a diagram showing an example of arranging color filters;

[0041] Figure 25 is a diagram showing an example of arranging color filters;

[0042] Figure 26 is a diagram showing an example of arranging color filters;

[0043] Figure 27 is a view showing an example of a display device;

[0044] Figure 28A is a diagram showing an example of an imaging device and an electronic device;

[0045] Figure 28B is a diagram showing an example of an imaging device and an electronic device;

[0046] Figure 29A is a view showing an example of a display device;

[0047] Figure 29B is a view showing an example of a display device;

[0048] Figure 30A is a diagram showing an example of a lighting device and a lamp;

[0049] Figure 30B is a diagram showing an example of a lighting device and a lamp;

[0050] Figure 31A is a diagram illustrating an example of a wearable device; and

[0051] Figure 31B is a view illustrating an example of a wearable device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. A number of features are described in the embodiments, but this does not limit the invention to requiring all of these features, and multiple features may be appropriately combined. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same or similar structures, and redundant descriptions thereof are omitted.

[0053] Will refer to Figure 1 An example of a light-emitting device 100 according to an embodiment will be described. The light-emitting device 100 includes a substrate 1, a lower electrode 2, an organic compound layer 3 (a light-emitting layer 31-1, a light-emitting layer 31-2, and functional layers other than the light-emitting layer (not shown)), an upper electrode 4, an insulating layer 5, a protective layer 6, and a microlens 7. While two light-emitting elements are shown in this example, many light-emitting elements may be arranged in practice. A large number of light-emitting elements may be arranged in a matrix.

[0054] The lower electrode 2 is provided on the substrate 1. The upper electrode 4 is provided on the organic compound layer 3. The light-emitting layer 31-1 and the light-emitting layer 31-2 each emit light by the potential difference between the lower electrode and the upper electrode. An insulating layer 5 (bank) is provided for each of the plurality of lower electrodes 2 to insulate the plurality of lower electrodes from the upper electrode. The plurality of insulating layers 5 each include an opening A or B (opening portion) that exposes the corresponding lower electrode 2 to the organic compound layer 3. Note that the plurality of insulating layers 5 can be considered as an insulating layer arranged in contact with the end portions of the plurality of lower electrodes, and the insulating layer can be considered as including a plurality of opening portions to expose each of the plurality of lower electrodes 2.

[0055] The lower electrode 2 and the organic compound layer 3 are in contact with each other in the opening portion, and the portion of the organic compound layer 3 corresponding to the opening of the insulating layer 5 is a light-emitting region that emits light. The light-emitting region will be referred to as a light-emitting portion. Figure 1 In the embodiment, a plurality of light-emitting portions are provided corresponding to the plurality of lower electrodes 2, and openings A and B of insulating layer 5 each expose a corresponding lower electrode 2 to the light-emitting portion corresponding to the lower electrode 2. Protective layer 6 is provided on upper electrode 4. Microlens 7 has a plurality of curved surface portions corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting portions, and is provided on protective layer 6.

[0056] The material of the substrate 1 is not particularly limited as long as it can support the lower electrode 2, the organic compound layer 3, and the upper electrode 4. For example, glass, plastic, or silicon can be used as the material of the substrate 1. Switching elements such as transistors, wiring, and interlayer insulating films can be provided on the substrate 1.

[0057] The lower electrode 2 can be transparent or opaque. If the lower electrode 2 is a reflective layer, the material of the lower electrode 2 is preferably a metal material having a reflectivity of 70% or more at the emission wavelength. For example, as the material of the lower electrode 2, a metal such as Al or Ag, or an alloy obtained by adding Si, Cu, Ni or Nd to Al or Ag can be used. Alternatively, as the material of the lower electrode 2, ITO, IZO, AZO or IGZO can be used. Note that the emission wavelength refers to the spectral range of light emitted from the light-emitting layer 31. The lower electrode 2 can be a stacked electrode with a barrier electrode made of a metal such as Ti, W, Mo or Au or an alloy thereof, or can be a stacked electrode with a transparent oxide film electrode made of ITO or IZO, as long as the reflectivity of the lower electrode 2 is higher than the predetermined (desired) reflectivity.

[0058] On the other hand, if the lower electrode 2 is transparent, a reflective layer can be provided below the lower electrode 2 (on the substrate 1 side). As a material for the transparent lower electrode 2, for example, ITO, IZO, AZO, or IGZO can be used. In order to achieve a predetermined optical distance, which will be described later, an insulating film can be provided between the reflective layer and the transparent conductive film as the structure of the lower electrode 2. A structure can be adopted in which the film thickness of the insulating film or the transparent conductive film varies for each light-emitting element depending on the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting element.

[0059] The upper electrode 4 has light-transmitting properties. The material of the upper electrode 4 may be a semi-transmissive material having the property of transmitting a portion of light that has reached the surface of the upper electrode 4 and reflecting the remaining portion of the light (i.e., semi-transmissive reflective properties). As the material of the upper electrode 4, for example, a transparent material such as a transparent conductive oxide can be used. As the material of the upper electrode 4, a semi-transmissive material made of a single metal (such as aluminum, silver, or gold), an alkali metal (such as lithium or cesium), an alkaline earth metal (such as magnesium, calcium, or barium), or an alloy material containing these metal materials can be used.

[0060] If a semi-transmissive material is used as the material of the upper electrode 4, it is preferable to use an alloy containing magnesium or silver (the magnesium or silver as the main component) as the semi-transmissive material. The upper electrode 4 may have a stacked structure including a plurality of layers made of the above materials as long as the upper electrode 4 has excellent transmittance. Figure 1 In the embodiment, one upper electrode 4 is provided which is shared by a plurality of light emitting portions, but a plurality of upper electrodes 4 may be provided which correspond to the plurality of light emitting portions respectively.

[0061] One of the lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4 functions as an anode, and the other functions as a cathode. For example, the lower electrode 2 functions as an anode, and the upper electrode 4 functions as a cathode. The lower electrode 2 may function as a cathode, and the upper electrode 4 may function as an anode.

[0062] The lower electrode 2, the upper electrode 4, and the organic compound layer 3 can each be formed by a known technique such as a deposition method or a spin coating method. The lower electrode 2 and the upper electrode 4 can each be formed of a plurality of layers. The organic compound layer includes at least one of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.

[0063] When the holes injected from the anode and the electrons injected from the cathode recombine in the organic compound layer, the light-emitting layers 31-1 and 31-2 (to be collectively referred to as "light-emitting layers 31") each emit light. Each light-emitting layer 31 may include a single layer or multiple layers. For example, if a light-emitting layer made of a red light-emitting material, a light-emitting layer made of a green light-emitting material, and a light-emitting layer made of a blue light-emitting material are combined, the light beams (red light, green light, and blue light) from the corresponding light-emitting layers can be mixed to obtain white light. Two light-emitting layers whose luminescent colors have a complementary color relationship (for example, a light-emitting layer made of a blue light-emitting material and a light-emitting layer made of a yellow light-emitting material) can be combined. For each light-emitting portion, the material contained in the light-emitting layer and the arrangement of the light-emitting layer may be different, so that for each light-emitting portion, the light-emitting layer emits light of different colors. In this case, the light-emitting layer can be patterned for each light-emitting portion.

[0064] The light-emitting device according to this embodiment may include a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, and a light-emitting layer arranged between the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface. The first reflective surface may be the lower electrode 2, a reflective layer arranged between the substrate 1 and the lower electrode 2, or a reflective layer arranged between the lower electrode 2 and the insulating layer 5. The second reflective surface may be the upper electrode 4, or a semi-transmissive reflective layer arranged between the upper electrode 4 and the microlens.

[0065] The protective layer 6 is an insulating layer that is light-transmissive and preferably contains an inorganic material with low permeability to oxygen and water from the outside. For example, inorganic materials such as silicon nitride (SiN), silicon oxynitride (SiON), silicon oxide (SiOx), aluminum oxide (Al2O3) or titanium oxide (TiO2) can be used to form the protective layer 6. In particular, in terms of protective performance, inorganic materials such as SiN, SiON or Al2O3 are preferred. The protective layer 6 can be preferably formed using a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method), an atomic layer deposition method (ALD method) or a sputtering method.

[0066] The protective layer 6 may have a single-layer structure, or may have a stacked structure using the above-mentioned materials and formation methods in combination, as long as the protective layer 6 has sufficient moisture barrier properties. For example, the protective layer 6 may have a stacked structure of a silicon nitride layer and other layers having high density formed using an atomic deposition method. In addition, the protective layer 6 may include an organic layer as long as it has moisture barrier properties. For example, the organic layer is made of polyacrylate, polyamide, polyester fiber, epoxy resin, etc. In addition, in Figure 1 In the embodiment, one protective layer 6 is provided which is shared by the plurality of light emitting portions, but a plurality of protective layers 6 may be provided which correspond to the plurality of light emitting portions respectively.

[0067] The microlenses 7 can be formed through an exposure process and a development process. More specifically, a film (photoresist film) is formed using the material of the microlenses 7, and the photoresist film is exposed and developed using a mask having a continuous gradient. A grayscale mask can be used as the mask. Alternatively, a zone gradient mask can be used, which achieves light irradiation with a continuous gradient on the imaging surface by varying the density distribution of dots of a light-shielding film having a resolution equal to or less than that of the exposure device.

[0068] The lens shape can be adjusted by etching back the microlens 7 formed by the exposure and development processes. As described above, the microlens 7 only needs to include a curved surface portion that has the effect of converging the light from the light-emitting portion, and the curved surface portion may or may not be a portion of a spherical surface. More specifically, as in this embodiment, the curved surface portion of the microlens protrudes toward the light extraction side, and when light is extracted into a layer with a lower refractive index than the microlens (such as air), the curved surface portion of the microlens is a curved surface that is convex upward.

[0069] exist Figure 1 In the example shown, the layer in contact with the microlens 7 on the light extraction side is air. However, the refractive index n0 of this layer only needs to be lower than the refractive index n1 of the microlens, and for example, a transparent resin may be arranged on the microlens.

[0070] In this embodiment, the microlens 7 is directly provided on the protective layer 6. However, for the purpose of improving color purity and viewing angle characteristics, a color filter or a light absorbing layer may be provided. For the purpose of flattening the unevenness of the protective layer 6, a flattening layer may be provided between the protective layer 6 and the microlens 7. The color filter or the light absorbing layer may be provided between the protective layer 6 and the microlens 7, or may be provided on the microlens 7. The color filter and the protective layer 6 may be integrated, the microlens 7 and the color filter may be integrated, or the color filter may be formed on other substrates and the substrates may be joined in a manner relative to each other. As in the example of this embodiment, the protective layer and the microlens are formed integrally, thereby forming the curved surface portion of the microlens 7 while accurately aligning the curved surface portion of the microlens 7 with the light-emitting portion. In addition, as described above, the distance between the microlens and the light-emitting portion in the vertical direction can be made small, thereby improving the viewing angle characteristics.

[0071] (Example of Light Emitting Element)

[0072] Next, a light emitting element applied to the light emitting device according to the embodiment will be described. Figure 2 An example of a light-emitting element is shown. The light-emitting element includes a substrate 1, a microlens 7, and a light-emitting portion 30 disposed between the substrate 1 and the microlens 7. The microlens 7 has a curved portion that protrudes toward the side opposite to the substrate (i.e., the light-emitting side). The light-emitting portion 30 is the portion of the organic compound layer corresponding to the opening of the insulating layer 5, which is the region where light is emitted (the light-emitting region). Hereinafter, the direction perpendicular to the substrate is described as the "vertical direction," and the direction parallel to the substrate is described as the "horizontal direction."

[0073] Here, when "vertical" is defined as 0° relative to the substrate, the light beam emitted from the light-emitting portion through the lens at any angle in the opposite direction to the light beam is referred to as "incident light." This indicates the optical path of light that follows the emitted light in the opposite direction. The area where the incident light intersects the light-emitting area and its surrounding area is defined as the incident area. Note that the figures are simplified for ease of description. In addition to the microlens 7 and light-emitting portion 30, various components such as electrodes may also be provided on the substrate.

[0074] Will refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Describe the incident light and the area of ​​incidence. Figure 3 A cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to the substrate 1 and passing through the apex of the curved portion of the microlens is shown. Figure 3 1 shows a state in which, among the light beams extracted from the light emitting section 30 via the microlens in the normal direction perpendicular to the substrate, the light beams extracted from the outermost peripheral portion of the light emitting section 30 are emitted in the normal direction. Figure 3 The direction of the light shown is opposite, Figure 4 Shows tracking in the opposite direction from Figure 3Here, the area where the incident light intersects with the light emitting area and its surrounding area is defined as the incident area.

[0075] Next, refer to Figures 5A to 7B , the relationship between the light emitting area and the incident area will be described. Figure 5A The case where the incident region is inside the light emitting region and the area of ​​the incident region is smaller than the area of ​​the light emitting region (light emitting portion 30 ) is shown. Figure 5B The incident light enters at an angle θ relative to the normal direction of the substrate. In this case, the light is tracked in the opposite direction. Figure 5B In the case of the incident light shown, the light emitted from the light emitting portion can be emitted. In this example, the light from the light emitting portion can be emitted in the direction of the angle θ over the entire circumference of the microlens 7. Figure 5B As shown, since the light from the light emitting portion 30 can be effectively used, even in a case where the observer views the light emitting element from an angle θ, the light can reach the observer without loss.

[0076] Figure 6A The case where the incident area and the light emitting area overlap and are roughly equal is shown. When the incident light enters at an angle θ relative to the normal direction of the substrate, as shown in FIG. Figure 6B As shown, a portion of the incident region exists outside the light-emitting region. That is, when the light-emitting element is viewed from a position tilted by an angle θ, light beams from the light-emitting region do not enter the microlens as efficiently as when the light-emitting element is viewed from a perpendicular direction. This loss of the incident region protruding from the light-emitting region can degrade viewing angle characteristics.

[0077] Figure 7A An example is shown in which the light-emitting region is included in the incident region and the area of ​​the incident region is larger than that of the light-emitting region. In this example as well, when the incident light enters at an angle θ relative to the normal direction of the substrate, the light beam from the light-emitting portion can be effectively used because the light-emitting region is inside the incident region. Therefore, the viewing angle characteristics can be improved. In this way, Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B 、 Figure 7A or Figure 7B In the case shown, the viewing angle characteristics can be improved.

[0078] It is known that if the aforementioned interference order is low, the viewing angle characteristics are improved. In a light-emitting device, the interference order may differ for each light-emitting element. In this case, the viewing angle characteristics may differ for each light-emitting element. However, based on the aforementioned relationship between the incident area and the light-emitting area, the viewing angle characteristics can be improved. In other words, the difference in viewing angle characteristics between pixels having different interference orders can be suppressed.

[0079] More specifically, in a light emitting element having a high interference order, the relationship between the light emitting portion (light emitting region) and the incident region is set to Figure 5A or Figure 5B This can be achieved by changing the height of the microlens 7. Figure 9 As shown in FIG. 1 , as the height of the microlens 7 decreases in the order of A, B, and C, the incident area increases in the order of A, B, and C. Therefore, by reducing the incident area of ​​the light beam entering the light emitting portion 30 from the normal direction of the substrate 1, the viewing angle characteristics can be improved. Figure 10 The calculation results shown also show that the viewing angle characteristics are improved. Here, Figure 10 The abscissa represents the observation angle relative to the light emitting element, and the ordinate represents the brightness change relative to the observation angle. Here, as an example, the area of ​​the incident region is reduced by increasing the height of the lens.

[0080] Reference Figure 11 The area of ​​the incident region and the area of ​​the light emitting portion will be described in detail below. The upper surface of the lens 110 has a convex curved surface 101 in a direction away from the main surface of the substrate 104. The vertex 102 of the curved surface 101 is the part of the curved surface 101 forming the upper surface of the lens 110 that is farthest from the main surface of the substrate 104. Figure 11 In the illustrated structure, end 103 of curved surface 101 is the portion of lens 110 that contacts dielectric layer 106. For example, if the outer edge of lens 110 is gently oriented, end 103 of curved surface 101 may be a collection of inflection points where the upper surface of lens 110 changes from a convex curved surface 101 to a concave shape. Alternatively, end 103 may be a collection of points where the angle (inclination angle θ) between the tangent line of curved surface 101 and the main surface of the substrate is maximized. Figure 11 A cross section passing through the vertex 102 of the curved surface 101 forming the upper surface of the lens 110 in the normal direction of the principal surface of the substrate 104 is shown.

[0081] like Figure 11 As shown, the height difference between the vertex 102 and the end portion 103 in the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 104 is defined as h [μm] (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "distance h"). The distance between the vertex 102 and the end portion 103 in the orthogonal projection relative to the main surface of the substrate 104 is defined as r [μm] (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "distance r"). The height difference between the end portion 103 and the light-emitting portion 105 in the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 104 is defined as H [μm] (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "distance H"). The distance from the center of the light-emitting portion 105 to the end portion of the light-emitting portion 105 is defined as a [μm] (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "distance a").

[0082] At the end 103 of the curved surface 101, the tilt angle θ of the lens 110 may be the largest on the curved surface 101. If the curved surface 101 is a spherical surface, using the distance h and the distance r, sinθ=2rh / (r 2 +h 2 ) gives the inclination angle θ at the end 103. Consider a light beam that is refracted at a point having the inclination angle θ on the curved surface 101 and extracted in the front direction (the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 104). Using the refractive index n0 of the layer on the light extraction side at the curved surface 101 and the refractive index n1 of the layer on the light emitting portion side at the curved surface 101 (the lens 110 in this structural example), according to Snell's law, the incident angle α relative to the curved surface 101 is given by n1·sinα=n0·sinθ. The beam angle β1 relative to the front direction inside the layer on the light emitting portion side at the curved surface 101 (the lens 110 in this structural example) is given by β1=|θ-α|.

[0083] When the distance traveled by the light beam (light beam extracted in the front direction) from the light emitting portion 105 to the end portion 103 of the curved surface 101 at an angle β in a direction parallel to the principal surface of the substrate 104 is defined as L, π(rL) 2 The area of ​​the incident region is given by πa 2 Give the area of ​​the light-emitting portion.

[0084] The distance L is given by calculating the angle of the light beam in each layer in consideration of the refraction at the interface of each layer provided between the light emitting portion and the lens. More specifically, when N layers (in Figure 11 In the case of a microlens layer (three layers in the example shown), assuming that the microlens layer is the first layer and the i-th layer in the stacking order from the first layer has a refractive index ni, the beam angle βi in the i-th layer is given by:

[0085] ni·sinβi=n1·sinβ1...(1)

[0086] Using the above beam angle βi in each layer, Li = H i tanβi gives the distance Li that the light beam travels in each layer in a direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate. As expressed in the following formula (2), the distance L is given by adding the distances Li in each layer from i=1 to i=N. Here, H i is the height of the i-th layer in the normal direction of the main surface of the substrate 104. That is, if there are N layers, then H = H1 + H2 + H3 + ... + H N .

[0087] L=H1·tanβ1+H2·tanβ2+...+H N tanβ N...(2)

[0088] From the above, it can be understood that if the area of ​​the incident region is smaller than the area of ​​the light-emitting portion, then π(rL) 2 <πa 2 If the incident area is larger than the light-emitting area, then πa 2 <π(rL) 2 Established.

[0089] In a light-emitting element having a high interference order, the relationship between the area of ​​the light-emitting portion and the area of ​​the incident region can be set as follows Figure 7A The relationship shown. In this case, by reducing the height of the lens, the area of ​​the incident region can be increased so that the incident region includes the light-emitting region. In summary, since a light-emitting element with a low interference order has better viewing angle characteristics than a light-emitting element with a high interference order, it is advantageous to provide a structure for improving the viewing angle characteristics in a light-emitting element with a high interference order. That is, for a light-emitting element with a high interference order, a larger difference between the area S2 of the incident region and the area S2' of the light-emitting region is beneficial to improving the viewing angle characteristics. In a light-emitting element with a low interference order, the difference between the area S1 of the incident region and the area S1' of the light-emitting region can be smaller than the difference in a light-emitting element with a high interference order. This relationship can be expressed as |S1-S1'|<|S2-S2'|.

[0090] In another viewpoint, in a pixel having a low interference order and a pixel having a high interference order, the distances that a light beam emitted from a light emitting portion, refracted at an end of a lens, and extracted in a front direction travels from the light emitting portion to the lens in a direction parallel to the principal surface of the substrate are defined as L1 and L2, respectively. The distances from the center of the light emitting portion to the end of the light emitting portion are defined as a1 and a2, respectively. The distances from the vertex of the lens to the end of the lens in a direction parallel to the principal surface of the substrate are defined as r1 and r2, respectively. In this case, by satisfying the equation |π(r1-L1) 2 -πa1 2 |<|π(r2-L2) 2 -πa2 2 | represents the relationship, which can suppress the difference in viewing angle characteristics between pixels with different interference orders.

[0091] In another viewpoint, it can be understood that by satisfying the relationship represented by |r1-L1-a1|<|r2-L2-πa2|, the difference in viewing angle characteristics between pixels having different interference orders can be suppressed.

[0092] (Optical Resonant Structure)

[0093] Next, we will refer to Figure 8 Describe the optical resonance structure. Here, the position of the light-emitting portion 30 is defined as the light-emitting position. The light-emitting element having the optical resonance structure forms a resonator between the light-emitting position and the reflective portion where light is reflected. The reflective portion is a reflective layer provided at a predetermined position. The lower electrode may be a reflective layer, or if the lower electrode is a transparent electrode, a reflective layer may be provided at a predetermined position. In the example of the resonant structure, in order to set an appropriate optical distance between the reflective portion and the light-emitting position, the following formula (3) is satisfied:

[0094] Lr=(2×m-(φr / π))×(λ / 4)...(3)

[0095] In formula (3), Lr is the optical distance (optical path length) taking into account the refractive index between the reflective portion and the light-emitting position, λ is the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum emitted by the light-emitting element, φr is the phase shift generated when light of wavelength λ is reflected at the reflective portion, and m is an integer of 0 or greater. Here, m can be referred to as the light constructive interference order. Compared to light-emitting elements with low interference orders, organic light-emitting elements with high interference orders in a resonant structure have a longer distance between the light-emitting position and the reflective portion and a higher constructive interference order.

[0096] Considering the width of the peak wavelength λ of the emission spectrum emitted by the light emitting element, structural constraints, precision, etc., the allowable range of the optical path length Lr can be within a width of about λ / 8 or about 20 nm. Considering the allowable range, Lr falls within the range expressed below:

[0097] (2×m-(φr / π))×(λ / 4)-λ / 8 <Lr<(2×m-(φr / π))×(λ / 4)+λ / 8...(4)

[0098] Note that the light emission position may be the interface of the light emitting layer 31 on the lower electrode 2 side. Alternatively, the light emission position may be the interface of the light emitting layer 31 on the upper electrode 4 side. Considering the above-mentioned allowable range of λ / 8, even if the light emission position is set as expressed in formula (4), the effect of enhancing light can be obtained.

[0099] (Structure of Light Emitting Device)

[0100] Next, refer to Figures 12 to 21 , the structure of the light-emitting device according to the embodiment will be described. Here, consider the following light-emitting device, in which the light-emitting element including the opening A is a blue pixel and the light-emitting element including the opening B (a light-emitting element with a high interference order) is a green pixel. However, the color of the pixel is not limited to this.

[0101] Will refer to Figure 12 and Figure 14Describe the structure that is beneficial to improving the viewing angle characteristics. There are the following examples: The openings A and B have substantially the same size. In this case, as Figure 12 shown, the height of the microlens 7 located above the opening B is made greater than the height of the microlens 7 located above the opening A, so as to include the incident area in the light-emitting area. As a result, the relationship between the incident area and the light-emitting area as shown in Figure 5A or Figure 5B is obtained, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved. Alternatively, as Figure 14 shown, the height of the microlens located above the opening B is made less than the height of the microlens located above the opening A. As a result, the relationship between the incident area and the light-emitting area as shown in Figure 7A or Figure 7B is obtained, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved. When the relationship between the light-emitting area and the incident area is as shown in Figure 6A or Figure 6B shown, the viewing angle characteristics can be improved by adopting the structure shown in Figure 12 or the structure shown in Figure 14 .

[0102] Refer to Figures 12 to 15 , and the structure that is beneficial to improving the viewing angle characteristics will be described in more detail. In each example, the area S1' of the opening A of the light-emitting element with a low interference order and the area S2' of the opening B of the light-emitting element with a high interference order satisfy S1' = S2'.

[0103] If S1 < S1', then as Figure 12 shown, the height of the microlens 7 located above the opening B is made greater than the height of the microlens 7 located above the opening A. Alternatively, as Figure 13 shown, the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening B is made less than the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening A to satisfy S2 < S1. In this case, the relationship represented by |S1 - S1'| < |S2 - S2'| is set, and the viewing angle characteristic difference between the openings A and B can be suppressed.

[0104] Alternatively, as Figure 14 shown, the height of the microlens located above the opening B is made less than the height of the microlens located above the opening A. Alternatively, the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening B is made greater than the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening A to satisfy S1 < S2. In this case, since the difference between the incident area and the light-emitting area becomes larger than that of the opening A, the relationship represented by |S1 - S1'| < |S2 - S2'| is set, and the viewing angle characteristic difference between the openings A and B can be suppressed. As [[ID=As shown, if the microlenses located above opening A and the microlenses located above opening B have the same height, then even by making the radius of the microlenses located above opening B larger than the radius of the microlenses located above opening A, the difference in viewing angle characteristics between opening A and opening B can be suppressed.

[0105] If the relationship between the incident area and the light-emitting area satisfies S1 = S1', then the difference in viewing angle characteristics between opening A and opening B can be suppressed by adopting any of the structures shown. Figures 12 to 15 the difference in viewing angle characteristics between opening A and opening B can be suppressed by adopting any of the structures shown.

[0106] In the above example, if opening A and opening B have substantially the same area, then the viewing angle can be increased by changing the height of the microlenses. In addition, the viewing angle can also be increased by changing the radius of the microlenses. If the light-emitting elements having different interference orders include microlenses having the same shape, then the viewing angle characteristics can be improved by making the areas of the two openings of the light-emitting elements having different interference orders different. More specifically, as Figure 16 shown, make the area of opening B of the light-emitting element having a high interference order larger than the area of opening A of the light-emitting element having a low interference order. As a result, the relationship between the incident area and the light-emitting area as shown in Figure 5A or Figure 5B can be obtained, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved.

[0107] A more specific description will be given. In the example shown in Figures 12 to 15 if opening A and opening B have substantially the same area, then the difference in viewing angle characteristics between opening A and opening B can be suppressed by changing the height or radius of the microlenses. As another method, there is a case where the area S1 of the incident area of opening A of the light-emitting element having a low interference order and the area S2 of the incident area of opening B of the light-emitting element having a high interference order satisfy S1 = S2.

[0108] More specifically, if S1 < S1', then as Figure 16 shown, make the area of opening B larger than the area of opening A of the light-emitting element having a low interference order to set S1' < S2'. Since the difference between the incident area and the light-emitting area becomes larger than that of opening A, the relationship represented by |S1 - S1'| < |S2 - S2'| is set, and the difference in viewing angle characteristics between opening A and opening B can be suppressed.

[0109] Alternatively, as Figure 17 shown, make the area of opening B of the light-emitting element having a high interference order smaller than the area of opening A of the light-emitting element having a low interference order. As a result, the relationship as shown in Figure 7A or Figure 7BThe relationship between the incident region and the light-emitting region shown, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved. If the relationship between the light-emitting region and the incident region is as Figure 6A or Figure 6B shown, then the viewing angle characteristics can be improved by adopting the structure shown in Figure 16 or the structure shown in Figure 17 .

[0110] A more specific description will be given. As Figure 17 shown, the area of the opening B of the light-emitting element with a high interference order is made smaller than the area of the opening A of the light-emitting element with a low interference order to set S1’>S2’. By setting such a relationship, the difference between the incident region and the light-emitting region becomes larger than this difference of the opening A, and the relationship represented by |S1 - S1’|<|S2 - S2’| is set. Thereby, the viewing angle characteristic difference between the opening A and the opening B can be suppressed. If the relationship between the light-emitting region and the incident region is expressed as S1 = S1’, then the viewing angle characteristic difference between the opening A and the opening B can be suppressed by adopting the case shown in Figure 16 or the case shown in Figure 17 .

[0111] Next, an embodiment combining the structure shown in Figures 12 to 17 will be described. First, if S1 < S1’, then as Figure 18 and Figure 19 shown, the area of the opening B is made larger than the area of the opening A of the light-emitting element with a low interference order to set S1’ < S2’. In addition, as Figure 18 shown, the height of the microlens located above the opening B is made larger than the height of the microlens located above the opening A. Alternatively, as Figure 19 shown, the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening B is made smaller than the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening A to set S2 < S1. As a result, the relationship represented by |S1 - S1’|<|S2 - S2’| is set, and the viewing angle characteristic difference between the opening A and the opening B can be suppressed.

[0112] Alternatively, as Figure 20 and Figure 21 shown, the area of the opening B is made smaller than the area of the opening A of the light-emitting element with a low interference order to set S1’ > S2’. In addition, as Figure 20 shown, the height of the microlens located above the opening B is made smaller than the height of the microlens located above the opening A. Alternatively, as Figure 21 shown, the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening B is made larger than the radius of the microlens 7 located above the opening A to set S2 > S1. As a result, the relationship represented by |S1 - S1’|<|S2 - S2’| is set, and the viewing angle characteristic difference between the opening A and the opening B can be suppressed.

[0113] In the above Figures 12 to 19 In the example shown, the case where the relationship represented by S1<S1' holds has been considered. However, even if S1>S1', the difference in viewing angle characteristics between the apertures A and B can be suppressed by setting the relationship represented by |S1-S1'|<|S2-S2'|.

[0114] Note that, also in Figures 22 to 26 In the structure shown, micro lenses are arranged above the color filter and Figures 12 to 21 The relationship between the interference orders of the openings, the shape of the microlenses, and the relationship between the openings shown in each example can be obtained similarly. Figures 12 to 21 The effects of the respective structures shown are similar.

[0115] Figure 22 The example shown is in Figures 12 to 21 The structure in which the color filter 8 - 1 and the color filter 8 - 2 are arranged in each shown example can be expected to further improve color purity, etc. A planarization layer 9 may be provided between the color filters 8 - 1 and 8 - 2 and the protective layer 6 . Figure 23 The example shown is a structure in which the film formation region of the light emitting layer 32 is not divided for each light emitting element, and the light emitting layer 32 exists as a common layer. This helps to simplify the vapor deposition process. Figure 24 In the example shown, the reflective layer 10 and the optical adjustment layers 11-1 and 11-2 are arranged on the lower electrode side. Figure 23 Compared to the example shown, this facilitates an optimal interference design for each opening.

[0116] Figure 25 An example of a tandem structure including a charge generation layer (CGL) 33-3 between the light emitting layer 33-1 and the light emitting layer 33-2 is shown. This can be expected to improve the light emission efficiency, etc. Figure 26 In the example shown, the optical adjustment layer is arranged on the lower electrode side. Figure 25 Compared to the example shown, this facilitates optimal interference design for each opening. Here, opening A includes light-emitting layer 33-1 and light-emitting layer 33-2 separated by a charge generation layer, and has an optical resonance structure with one of these light-emitting layers having an optical path length A. Opening B includes light-emitting layer 33-1 and light-emitting layer 33-2 separated by a charge generation layer, and has an optical resonance structure with the other light-emitting layer not used by opening A having an optical path length B. It is sufficient that both optical path length A and optical path length B approximately satisfy the relationship expressed by equation (3) and fall within the range expressed by equation (4).

[0117] As an example, a light-emitting device has been described in which a light-emitting element including an opening A has a lower interference order than a light-emitting element including an opening B. A light-emitting element with a low interference order has a wider viewing angle than a light-emitting element with a high interference order. Therefore, in a light-emitting element with a low interference order, the need to pay less attention to the relationship between the area of ​​the light-emitting region and the area of ​​the incident region is less than in a light-emitting element with a high interference order.

[0118] In summary, the following can be explained. That is, the area of ​​the incident region and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element with a lower interference order are defined as S1 and S1', respectively, and the area of ​​the incident region and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element with a high interference order are defined as S2 and S2', respectively. In this case, the absolute value of the difference between S1 and S2 is compared with the absolute value of the difference between S1' and S2'. If the areas S1' and S2' of the light-emitting regions are approximately the same, the areas S1 and S2 of the incident regions can be differentiated by changing the height of the microlens, so that the difference between S1 and S2 increases. Therefore, the relationship represented by |S1-S2|>|S1'-S2'| holds. If the areas S1 and S2 of the incident regions are approximately the same, the areas S1' and S2' of the light-emitting regions can be changed so that the relationship represented by |S1-S2|<|S1'-S2'| holds. In a light-emitting element with a high interference order, the change in the height of the microlens and the change in the opening area can be combined.

[0119] In summary, by considering the relationship between the area of ​​the incident region and the area of ​​the luminous region and configuring one region to include the other, viewing angle characteristics can be improved. In this case, in pixels with a high interference order, the ratio of the area of ​​the luminous region to the area of ​​the region where light that has passed through the microlens enters the luminous region and its surrounding area preferably differs by approximately 10% or 30% in diameter. In terms of area ratio, they differ by approximately 20% to 40%.

[0120] (Method for manufacturing light-emitting device)

[0121] A practical example of a method for manufacturing a light-emitting device will be described below. In this practical example, the light-emitting device includes three light-emitting elements, including a red light-emitting element having a red light-emitting layer, a green light-emitting element having a green light-emitting layer, and a blue light-emitting element having a blue light-emitting layer.

[0122] First, aluminum is formed on a substrate 1 and patterned to form a plurality of lower electrodes 2. Next, a plurality of insulating layers are formed to cover the plurality of lower electrodes 2, respectively. The material of the insulating layer is silicon oxide, and the film thickness of each insulating layer is 65 nm. An opening is formed in each insulating layer to expose the corresponding lower electrode 2. Here, the plurality of insulating layers are insulating layers 5. The shape of the opening is a circle with a radius of 0.9 μm. As described above, the opening of the insulating layer 5 ultimately exposes the corresponding lower electrode 2 to the light-emitting layer 31 corresponding to the lower electrode 2. When viewed from a vertical direction, the size and shape of the opening are consistent with the size and shape of the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting layer 31.

[0123] Next, an organic compound layer 3 is formed on the lower electrode 2 (and the insulating layer 5). More specifically, first, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer are formed in sequence. At this time, the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer are deposited to cover the lower electrode 2 corresponding to all light-emitting elements, and the electron blocking layer is deposited three times using a fine mask to form an electron blocking layer separately for each lower electrode 2 corresponding to the light-emitting element corresponding to each luminescent color. In order to optimize the above-mentioned optical distance, the film thickness of the electron blocking layer is adjusted for each luminescent color. Next, a first red luminescent layer, a first green luminescent layer, and a first blue luminescent layer are separately formed by performing three depositions using a fine mask. Next, a hole blocking layer and an electron transport layer are formed in sequence. Similar to the electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer is formed by adjusting the film thickness of the hole blocking layer for each luminescent color. Subsequently, an electron injection layer is formed from lithium fluoride.

[0124] Next, a 10 nm thick Mg / Ag alloy was formed on the organic compound layer as the upper electrode 4. The ratio of Mg to Ag was 1:1. Subsequently, a 2.1 μm thick SiN film with a refractive index of 1.97 was formed on the upper electrode 4 as the protective layer 6 by CVD.

[0125] Next, a microlens 7 having a refractive index of 1.53 is formed on the protective layer 6 using an exposure process and a development process. The curved portion of the microlens 7 is a portion of a spherical surface, and in the example, the distance h in the vertical direction from the vertex of the curved portion (first position) to the end of the curved portion (second position) is 1.4 μm, and the distance r in the horizontal direction is 1.9 μm. The portion above the microlens is air having a refractive index of 1. In this case, by considering the height of the microlens of the light-emitting element having a high interference order relative to the surface of the protective layer 6, the difference in viewing angle characteristics between pixels with different interference orders can be reduced. Alternatively, when exposing the opening in the insulating layer, the size of the opening can be changed. This can improve the display quality.

[0126] (Application examples of light-emitting devices)

[0127] Examples in which the light emitting device 100 according to this embodiment is applied to various types of devices will be described.

[0128] Figure 27 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a display device 1000 as an example of a display device according to this embodiment. Display device 1000 may include a touch panel 1003, a display panel 1005, a frame 1006, a circuit board 1007, and a battery 1008 located between an upper cover 1001 and a lower cover 1009. Display panel 1005 is a display unit including light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment, and performs display using light emitted from light-emitting device 100.

[0129] Flexible printed circuits (FPCs) 1002 and 1004 are connected to the touch panel 1003 and the display panel 1005, respectively. A control circuit including a transistor is printed on a circuit board 1007 to perform various control operations such as controlling the display panel 1005. If the display device is not a portable device, the battery 1008 is unnecessary. Even in the case where the display device is a portable device, the battery 1008 can be set in other locations. The display device 1000 may include three color filters corresponding to red, green, and blue, respectively. A plurality of color filters can be arranged using a delta arrangement.

[0130] The display device 1000 can be used as a display unit of a portable terminal. In this case, the display device 1000 can have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of portable terminals are portable phones such as smartphones, tablet computers, and head-mounted displays.

[0131] The display device 1000 can be used as a display unit of an imaging device, which includes an optical unit having multiple lenses and an image sensor for receiving light that has passed through the optical unit. The imaging device may include a display unit for displaying information acquired by the image sensor (such as an image captured by the image sensor). In addition, the display unit may be a display unit exposed to the outside of the imaging device or a display unit arranged in a viewfinder. The imaging device may be a digital camera or a digital video camera.

[0132] Figure 28Ais a schematic diagram showing an imaging device 1100 as an example of an imaging device according to this embodiment. The imaging device 1100 may include a viewfinder 1101, a rear display 1102, an operation unit 1103, and a housing 1104. The viewfinder 1101 may include a display device according to this embodiment (a display device that includes the light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment and uses the light emitted from the light-emitting device 100 for display). In this case, the display device can display not only the image to be captured but also environmental information and imaging instructions, etc. Examples of environmental information are the intensity and direction of external light, the moving speed of the subject, and the possibility that the subject is obscured by an obstacle. The rear display 1102 may also include a display device according to this embodiment.

[0133] The time required for image capture is very short, so it is desirable to display information as quickly as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to use a display device that utilizes organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high response speeds. In devices requiring high display speeds, displays utilizing these OLEDs are more suitable than liquid crystal displays and other devices.

[0134] The imaging device 1100 includes an optical unit (not shown). The optical unit has a plurality of lenses and forms an image of light on an image sensor housed in a housing 1104. The focus can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the plurality of lenses. This operation can also be performed automatically. The imaging device 1100 can be referred to as a photoelectric conversion device. As an imaging method, the photoelectric conversion device may include a method of sequentially capturing images, and may include a method of detecting a difference from a previous image, a method of extracting a portion of a recorded image, and the like.

[0135] Figure 28B 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electronic device 1200 as an example of an electronic device according to this embodiment. Electronic device 1200 includes a display unit 1201, an operation unit 1202, and a housing 1203. Display unit 1201 includes the light emitting device 100 according to the embodiment and uses light emitted from the light emitting device 100 to perform a display. In electronic device 1200, housing 1203 can accommodate a circuit, a printed board including the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit for external communication.

[0136] The operation unit 1202 may be a button or touchpad-type response unit. The operation unit may also be a biometric authentication unit that unlocks the device by authenticating a fingerprint. An electronic device that includes a communication unit may also be considered a communication device. An electronic device may also have a camera function by including a lens and an image sensor. Images captured by the camera function are displayed on a display unit. Examples of electronic devices include smartphones and notebook personal computers.

[0137] Figure 29A1300 is a schematic diagram showing a display device 1300 as an example of a display device according to this embodiment. The display device 1300 is a display device such as a TV monitor or a PC monitor. The display device 1300 includes a frame 1301, a display unit 1302, and a base 1303 that supports the frame 1301 and the display unit 1302. The display unit 1302 includes the light emitting device 100 according to the embodiment and performs display using light emitted from the light emitting device 100. The form of the base 1303 is not limited to Figure 29A The lower side of the frame 1301 can also serve as the base 1303. In addition, the frame 1301 and the display unit 1302 can be curved. In this case, the radius of curvature can be 5000 mm (inclusive) to 6000 mm (inclusive).

[0138] Figure 29B 13 is a schematic diagram showing a display device 1310 as another example of a display device according to this embodiment. The display device 1310 can be folded and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device 1310 includes a first display unit 1311, a second display unit 1312, a housing 1313, and a bending point 1314. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 each include a light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment, and use light emitted from the light-emitting device 100 for display. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can also be a seamless display device. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can be divided by a bending point. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can display different images, and the first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can also display one image together.

[0139] Figure 30A 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a lighting device according to this embodiment. The lighting device 1400 may include a housing 1401, a light source 1402, a circuit board 1403, an optical film 1404, and a light diffusion unit 1405. The light source 1402 includes the light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment. The optical film 1404 may be a filter (optical filter) that improves the color rendering of the light source 1402. The light diffusion unit 1405 can effectively diffuse the light to project the light of the light source 1402 over a wide range when lighting, etc. The optical film 1404 and the light diffusion unit 1405 may be provided on the light-emitting side of the lighting device 1400. A cover may be provided on the outermost portion as needed.

[0140] The lighting device 1400 is, for example, a device for illuminating the interior of a room. The lighting device 1400 can emit white light, natural white light, or light of other colors (any color from blue to red). The color temperature of white is 4200K, and the color temperature of natural white is 5000K. The lighting device 1400 may further include a light control circuit for controlling the color of light emitted by the lighting device 1400. The lighting device 1400 may further include a power supply circuit connected to the light source 1402. The power supply circuit is a circuit for converting AC voltage into DC voltage. The lighting device 1400 may include a color filter. In addition, the lighting device 1400 may include a heat radiation unit. The heat radiation unit radiates the internal heat of the device to the outside of the device, and examples are metals with high specific heat and liquid silicon.

[0141] Figure 30B 1 is a schematic diagram showing a car 1500 as an example of a moving object according to this embodiment. The car 1500 may include a tail light 1501, which is an example of a lamp. The tail light 1501 is turned on when a braking operation is performed, etc.

[0142] Taillight 1501 includes the light emitting device 100 according to the embodiment. Taillight 1501 may include a protective member for protecting the light emitting device 100. The material of the protective member is not limited, as long as it is a transparent material with a certain degree of strength. The protective member is preferably made of polycarbonate, etc. Furan dicarboxylic acid derivatives or acrylonitrile derivatives, etc., may be mixed into the polycarbonate.

[0143] Automobile 1500 may include a vehicle body 1503 and a window 1502 attached to the vehicle body 1503. Window 1502 may be a window for inspecting the front and rear of automobile 1500, or may be a transparent display. The transparent display may include the light emitting device 100 according to an embodiment. In this case, the constituent materials of the electrodes and the like of the light emitting device 100 are formed of a transparent member.

[0144] The mobile object according to this embodiment may be a ship, an aircraft, or a drone. The mobile object may include a main body and a lamp disposed in the main body. The lamp may emit light to indicate the position of the main body. The lamp includes the light emitting device 100 according to the embodiment.

[0145] The display device according to this embodiment (a display device that includes the light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment and uses the light emitted from the light-emitting device 100 for display) can be applied to wearable devices such as smart glasses, HMDs, or smart contact lenses. The display device according to this embodiment can also be applied to systems including wearable devices. The imaging display device used as a wearable device includes an imaging device capable of photoelectrically converting visible light and a display device capable of emitting visible light.

[0146] Figure 31A 1 is a schematic diagram showing glasses 1600 (smart glasses) as an example of a wearable device according to this embodiment. An imaging device 1602, such as a CMOS sensor or SPAD, is provided on the front side of a lens 1601 of the glasses 1600. In addition, a display device according to this embodiment (a display device that includes the light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment and uses light emitted from the light-emitting device 100 to perform a display) is provided on the back side of the lens 1601.

[0147] Glasses 1600 also include a control device 1603. This device serves as a power source for supplying power to the camera 1602 and the display device. Furthermore, the control device 1603 controls the operation of the camera 1602 and the display device. An optical system configured to focus light onto the camera 1602 is formed on the lens 1601.

[0148] Figure 31B 1 is a schematic diagram showing glasses 1610 (smart glasses) as an example of a wearable device according to this embodiment. Glasses 1610 include a control device 1612. A camera corresponding to the camera 1602 and a display device according to this embodiment are mounted on the control device 1612. The camera in the control device 1612 and an optical system configured to project light emitted from the display device are formed in a lens 1611, and an image is projected onto the lens 1611. The control device 1612 serves as a power source for supplying power to the camera and display device, and controls the operation of the camera and display devices.

[0149] The control device may include a line of sight detection unit for detecting the line of sight of the wearer of the glasses 1610. Line of sight detection may be accomplished using infrared light. An infrared emitting unit emits infrared light toward the eye of the user who is looking at the displayed image. A camera unit including a light receiving element detects reflected light from the eye, thereby obtaining a captured image of the eye. A reduction unit is provided for reducing light from the infrared emitting unit to the display unit in a plan view, thereby reducing degradation in the quality of the image projected from the display device onto the lens 1611. The user's line of sight toward the displayed image is detected from the captured image of the eye obtained by capturing the infrared light. Any known method may be used for line of sight detection using a captured image of the eye. As an example, a line of sight detection method based on a Purkinje image obtained by reflection of irradiated light from the cornea may be used. More specifically, line of sight detection processing based on the pupil-corneal reflection method is performed. Using the pupil-corneal reflection method, a line of sight vector representing the eye direction (rotation angle) is calculated based on the pupil image and Purkinje image included in the captured image of the eye, thereby detecting the user's line of sight.

[0150] When display control is performed based on visual detection (line of sight detection), the lighting device 100 according to the embodiment can be applied to smart glasses including a camera configured to capture external images. The smart glasses can display the captured external information in real time.

[0151] The display device according to this embodiment (a display device that includes the light-emitting device 100 according to the embodiment and uses the light emitted from the light-emitting device 100 for display) may include a camera device having a light receiving element, and controls the displayed image based on the line of sight information of the user from the camera device. More specifically, the display device determines a first field of view area that the user is looking at and a second field of view area other than the first field of view area based on the line of sight information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by the control device of the display device, or the display device may receive these areas determined by an external control device. In the display area of ​​the display device, the display resolution of the first field of view area may be controlled to be higher than the display resolution of the second field of view area. That is, the resolution of the second field of view area may be lower than the resolution of the second field of view area.

[0152] In addition, the display area may include a first display area and a second display area different from the first display area, and a higher priority area may be determined from the first display area and the second display area based on line of sight information. The first display area and the second display area may be determined by a control device of the display device, or the display device may receive these areas determined by an external control device. The resolution of the higher priority area may be controlled to be higher than the resolution of areas other than the higher priority area. In other words, the resolution of the relatively lower priority area may be low.

[0153] Note that AI can be used to determine the first field of view area or a higher priority area. The AI ​​can be a model that uses an eye image and the actual viewing direction of the eye in the image as supervision data to estimate the angle of sight and the distance to the target in front of the sight from the eye image. The AI ​​program can be maintained by the display device, camera device, or external device. If the external device maintains the AI ​​program, it is sent to the display device via communication.

[0154] As described above, when the light emitting device 100 according to the embodiment is used for various types of devices, high-quality display and good light emission can be performed.

[0155] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, in order to make the public aware of the scope of the present invention, the following claims are made.

[0156] This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-013285, filed on January 31, 2023, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-189525, filed on November 6, 2023, which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

Claims

1. A light-emitting device, comprising: a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element formed on a substrate, and a first microlens and a second microlens arranged to correspond to the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element, respectively; The first light-emitting element includes a first light-emitting layer including an organic compound and an optical resonant structure having a first optical path length, and the second light-emitting element includes a second light-emitting layer including an organic compound and an optical resonant structure having a second optical path length, wherein the second optical path length is longer than the first optical path length, Here, assuming that the area of ​​the light having entered from the normal direction of the substrate and passed through the first microlens and entered the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer and the area of ​​the area surrounding the light-emitting region is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer is defined as S1', the area of ​​the light having entered from the normal direction of the substrate and passed through the second microlens and entered the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer and the area of ​​the area surrounding the light-emitting region is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer is defined as S2', then the relationship represented by |S1-S1'|<|S2-S2'| is satisfied, and In each of the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element, one of the region where the light enters and the light emitting region is included in the other region.

2. A light-emitting device comprising: a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element formed on a substrate, and a first microlens and a second microlens arranged to correspond to the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element, respectively; The first light-emitting element includes a first light-emitting layer and an optical resonant structure, and the second light-emitting element includes a second light-emitting layer and an optical resonant structure having an interference order higher than the interference order of the first light-emitting element, Here, assuming that the area of ​​the light having entered from the normal direction of the substrate and passed through the first microlens and entered the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer and the area of ​​the area surrounding the light-emitting region is defined as S1, the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting layer is defined as S1', the area of ​​the light having entered from the normal direction of the substrate and passed through the second microlens and entered the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer and the area of ​​the area surrounding the light-emitting region is defined as S2, and the area of ​​the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting layer is defined as S2', then the relationship represented by |S1-S1'|<|S2-S2'| is satisfied, and In each of the first light emitting element and the second light emitting element, one of the region where the light enters and the light emitting region is included in the other region.

3. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein Assuming that the optical path length is defined as Lr, the first optical path length and the second optical path length each satisfy (2×m-(φr / π))×(λ / 4)-λ / 8 <Lr<(2×m-(φr / π))×(λ / 4)+λ / 8, Here, λ is the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of one of the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, φr is the phase shift generated when light of wavelength λ is reflected, and m is an integer not less than 0.

4. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The S1, the S1', the S2, and the S2' satisfy the relationship represented by |S1-S2|<|S1'-S2'|.

5. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The S1, the S1', the S2, and the S2' satisfy the relationship represented by |S1-S2|>|S1'-S2'|.

6. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The height of the first microlens is greater than the height of the second microlens.

7. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The height of the second microlens is greater than that of the first microlens.

8. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The radius of the first microlens is greater than the radius of the second microlens.

9. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A radius of the second microlens is greater than a radius of the first microlens.

10. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Both the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element include the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer as continuous common layers.

11. The light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: A charge generation layer is provided between the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer.

12. A photoelectric conversion device, characterized in that: include: an optical unit having a plurality of lenses; an image sensor configured to receive light that has passed through the optical unit; as well as a display unit configured to display the image captured by the image sensor, Wherein, the display unit comprises the light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A display unit comprising a light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11; a housing provided with the display unit; as well as A communication unit is provided in the housing and is configured to perform external communication.

14. A lighting device, characterized in that: include: A light source comprising a light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11; as well as One of the light diffusion unit and the optical film is configured to transmit light emitted by the light source.

15. A mobile object, characterized in that: include: A lamp comprising a light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11; as well as The main body is provided with the lamp.

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