Device and method for monitoring faults of key components of crane on line

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crane monitoring, and discloses a device and method for online monitoring faults of key components of a crane, the device comprises two beam rails and a bridge frame capable of moving on the beam rails, a controller is mounted on the front wall of the bridge frame, and touch switches electrically connected with the controller are mounted on the left side and the right side of the top of the bridge frame. Shaft wheels are rotationally connected to the left side and the right side of the bottom of an inner cavity of the bridge, an adjusting cylinder capable of being locked is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the shaft wheel on the left side, and two symmetrical arc grooves are formed in the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder. When the shaft wheel on any side slips, the elastic sliding shaft can quickly move towards the corresponding side to drive the T-shaped contact pipe to extrude the touch switch to carry out fault early warning, further slipping of the shaft wheels is automatically limited, sand is automatically released for slipping prevention, abrasion between the shaft wheels and the beam rail is reduced, it is guaranteed that the bridge continues to move, and current operation is safely completed; and in addition, a beam rail slipping area can be automatically marked, and follow-up maintenance is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crane monitoring, and in particular to a device and method for online monitoring of failures of key crane components. Background Art

[0002] Cranes, as essential tools for transporting heavy objects, are widely used in numerous scenarios due to their ease of operation and high lifting capacity. This is particularly true within processing workshops, where cranes, such as gantry cranes, can be used to transport heavy objects across large spans to different areas of the workshop. Most existing cranes require monitoring devices to monitor the operating status of key components, such as the crane's drive wheels, rails, bearings, and wire ropes. These devices provide early warning of wear, cracks, looseness, and other faults, preventing downtime and ensuring operational safety and efficiency.

[0003] At present, the trolley driving wheels and the supporting rails of the crane can be combined with vibration sensors, visual cameras and other monitoring equipment to monitor wear and slippage faults. When the driving wheel or the rail is worn, causing the driving wheel to slip when it travels to a specific area, although the abnormal situation can be identified, it is impossible to weaken the slippage effect and control to maintain normal lifting operations, resulting in the inability to successfully complete the lifting of heavy objects, affecting production and processing tasks; when the wear is detected to be small, although the short-term control of the trolley to forcibly move can continue to lift heavy objects, there is a safety risk, and the movement will also aggravate the wear between the wheel and the rail; when the lifting production environment is poor, floating objects with oil stains will fall onto the rail. If they are not cleaned in time, the oil stains on the floating objects will gradually transfer to the rail surface, and will be crushed by the driving wheel in the future. As the driving wheel moves, the coverage of the oil stains will increase, causing large-scale sliding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that when a general crane key component fault monitoring device detects wear on the drive wheel or track, it is unable to maintain normal lifting and moving operations, reduce slippage, and clean oil stains. The present invention provides an online device and method for monitoring the failure of key crane components.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for online monitoring of failures of key components of a crane comprises two beam rails and a bridge capable of moving on the beam rails, a controller being mounted on the front wall of the bridge, touch switches electrically connected to the controller being mounted on both the left and right sides of the top of the bridge, shaft wheels being rotatably connected to both the left and right sides of the bottom of an inner cavity of the bridge, an adjustment cylinder capable of being locked being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the left shaft wheel, the inner wall of the adjustment cylinder being provided with two symmetrical arc grooves, an elastic sliding shaft inserted into the adjustment cylinder being slidably engaged with the inner wall of the right shaft wheel, a cross pin movably engaged with the arc groove and capable of adjusting its position being slidably engaged with the left end of the elastic sliding shaft, and a T-shaped contact tube being movably sleeved on the middle portion of the elastic sliding shaft;

[0007] A sand box and a marking assembly are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the bridge frame. A cross-axis frame is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the bridge frame. A cleaning impeller that can move downward is provided at the bottom of the cross-axis frame, and a suction hood is movably connected to the cleaning impeller.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer ends of the two shaft wheels are both rollingly connected to the beam rail, and the bottom of the bridge frame is rotatably connected to balance wheels rollingly connected to the inner edges of the beam rail.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the shaft wheel has teeth and grooves, and drive motors are installed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the bridge frame. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a drive gear that engages with the teeth and grooves of the shaft wheel. The inner wall of the shaft wheel on the left side is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic disk, and the electromagnetic disk is electrically connected to the controller. The right side of the adjustment cylinder is slidably connected to a friction plug-in disk that can abut against the inner wall of the shaft wheel. The left end of the adjustment cylinder is elastically connected to a magnetic ring fixedly connected to the friction plug-in disk, and the magnetic ring repels the energized electromagnetic disk.

[0010] Furthermore, a telescopic cylinder is embedded in the left end of the elastic sliding shaft, the telescopic cylinder is electrically connected to the controller, the output end of the telescopic cylinder has a notch and the upper and lower walls of the notch are provided with oblique grooves, and the cross pin is movably engaged with the oblique groove.

[0011] Furthermore, sand guide plates are rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom of the sand box, an arc-shaped sand guide groove is provided between the inner wall of the sand guide plate and the rolling part of the shaft wheel, the outer wall of the sand box has a protrusion that limits the outward deflection of the sand guide plate, and a sand cavity with a contracted bottom and an opening is provided on the top of the sand box. A torsion valve core that passes through the sand box is rotatably and sealedly connected in the bottom opening of the sand cavity, a valve groove that can be docked with the opening is provided in the middle of the torsion valve core, the outer end of the torsion valve core is movably inserted into the T-shaped contact tube, and a guide groove composed of a combination of a straight groove and a curved groove is provided on the periphery of the torsion valve core, and the inner wall of the T-shaped contact tube has a pin protrusion that is movably engaged with the guide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the marking assembly includes an integrally formed paint can and a nozzle arranged at the bottom of the paint can, the nozzle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge, a ball valve is installed on the top of the nozzle, and the ball valve is fixedly connected to the torsion valve core.

[0013] Furthermore, an elastic push rod fixedly connected to the cleaning impeller is slidably clamped in the cross-axis frame, the top of the elastic push rod is rounded, and both sides of the T-shaped contact tube are fixedly connected to a U-shaped push rod slidably connected to the upper wall of the bridge frame, and the outer end of the U-shaped push rod has an inclined surface that movably abuts against the top of the elastic push rod, and bristles are provided on the lower wall of the cleaning impeller.

[0014] Furthermore, suction pipes fixedly connected to the suction hood are fixedly plugged into the left and right walls of the bridge, and the suction pipes are externally connected to a suction processing mechanism installed on the bridge.

[0015] Furthermore, two symmetrical abutment plates are slidably connected to the cross-axis frame, and the abutment plates can squeeze the sand guide plate. A number of elastic dredging rods that are movably abutted against the upper wall of the sand guide plate are slidably connected on both sides of the bottom of the sand chamber. The upper wall of the sand guide plate is horizontal, and a hinge rod is movably connected between the abutment plates and the elastic push rods.

[0016] A method for online monitoring of failures of key components of a crane comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. When the bridge moves, each suction hood is controlled to automatically suck, driving the cleaning impeller to rotate to clean the oily debris on the surface of the beam rail in advance to avoid slipping caused by the shaft wheel, reducing the probability of failure and the burden of subsequent monitoring;

[0018] S2. When the bridge moves forward or backward, the cross pin is controlled to engage with the arc groove on the corresponding side, and the control adjustment cylinder is locked. When the shaft wheel on either side slips and the speed increases, the corresponding cross pin drives the elastic sliding shaft to move toward the corresponding side, and the T-shaped contact tube then squeezes the trigger switch. The controller automatically records the relevant information and sends a fault warning to the external control center;

[0019] S3. When the elastic sliding shaft moves to the left or right in a small range to the maximum distance, it can timely limit the further slipping of the shaft wheel, reduce the wear between the shaft wheel and the beam rail, and at the same time, the marking component automatically marks the beam rail slipping area.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. When the rotation speed increases due to the slippage of the shaft wheel on either side of the present invention, the elastic sliding shaft will quickly move toward the corresponding side, thereby driving the T-shaped contact tube to squeeze the touch switch, so that the controller automatically records relevant information and promptly issues a fault warning to the external control center. After the elastic sliding shaft moves to the maximum displacement within a small range, it automatically limits the shaft wheel from further slipping, thereby reducing the wear between the shaft wheel and the beam rail.

[0022] 2. When the shaft wheel of the present invention slips, the T-shaped contact tube automatically opens the sand box on the corresponding side to release sand to prevent slipping, avoid further wear, and ensure that the bridge frame continues to move safely to complete the current operation. At the same time, the cleaning impeller moves down to deeply clean the beam rail passing by, and cooperates with the suction hood to prevent sand from scattering. The sand can also be used to remove possible oil stains, reducing the probability of subsequent slipping failures. In addition, the marking component can automatically mark the beam rail slipping area to facilitate subsequent maintenance.

[0023] 3. In the present invention, when no slipping occurs, each suction hood automatically sucks, driving the cleaning impeller to rotate without contacting the beam rail surface, so as to fully suck and clean the oily floating objects on the beam rail surface in advance, avoiding pressure during cleaning and causing continuous slipping after the shaft wheel is rolled over. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cutaway view of the beam rail and bridge frame of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cutaway view of the shaft wheel and elastic sliding shaft of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional cutaway view of the shaft wheel and the adjustment cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a partial three-dimensional cutaway view of the regulating cylinder of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional cutaway view of the T-shaped contact tube and the sand box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional cutaway view of the sand box and the torsion valve core of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a partial three-dimensional cutaway view of the bridge and cross-axle frame of the present invention.

[0033] Figure numerals: 1. Beam rail; 2. Bridge; 21. Controller; 22. Touch switch; 23. Drive gear; 3. Shaft wheel; 31. Electromagnetic disk; 32. Adjusting cylinder; 33. Arc groove; 34. Friction plug-in disk; 35. Magnetic ring; 36. Elastic sliding shaft; 37. Cross pin; 38. Telescopic cylinder; 39. Bevel groove; 4. T-type touch tube; 41. Pin boss; 42. U-type push rod; 5. Sand box; 51. Sand guide plate; 52. Elastic dredging rod; 53. Torsion valve core; 54. Guide groove; 6. Paint can; 61. Nozzle; 7. Cross-axis frame; 71. Abutment plate; 72. Elastic push rod; 73. Hinge rod; 74. Cleaning impeller; 75. Suction hood; 76. Suction pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1, as Figures 1-9 As shown, a device for online monitoring of failures of key components of a crane comprises two beam rails 1 and a bridge 2 that can move on the beam rails 1. A controller 21 is installed on the front wall of the bridge 2. Touch switches 22 electrically connected to the controller 21 are installed on both the left and right sides of the top of the bridge 2. The left and right sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the bridge 2 are rotatably connected to shaft wheels 3. The outer ends of the two shaft wheels 3 are rollingly connected to the beam rails 1. The four sides of the bottom of the bridge 2 are rotatably connected to balance wheels rollingly connected to the inner edges of the beam rails 1. The outer periphery of the shaft wheel 3 has a tooth groove. 2. Drive motors are installed on both sides of the upper end. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a drive gear 23 that meshes with the tooth groove of the shaft wheel 3. The inner wall of the left shaft wheel 3 is rotatably connected to a lockable adjustment cylinder 32. The inner wall of the adjustment cylinder 32 is provided with two symmetrical arc grooves 33. The inner wall of the adjustment cylinder 32 is provided with an elastic sliding shaft 36 that is inserted into the adjustment cylinder 32 and is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the right shaft wheel 3. The left end of the elastic sliding shaft 36 is slidably engaged with a cross pin 37 that is movably engaged with the arc groove 33 and has an adjustable position. The middle part of the elastic sliding shaft 36 is movably sleeved with a T-shaped contact tube 4.

[0036] Sand boxes 5 and marking components are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the bridge frame 2. A cross-axis frame 7 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the bridge frame 2. A cleaning impeller 74 that can move downward is provided at the bottom of the cross-axis frame 7, and a suction hood 75 that is movably connected to the cleaning impeller 74 is provided. Brushes are provided on the lower wall of the cleaning impeller 74.

[0037] Furthermore, suction pipes 76 fixedly connected to the suction hood 75 are fixedly inserted on the left and right walls of the bridge 2 , and the suction pipes 76 are externally connected to the suction processing mechanism installed on the bridge 2 .

[0038] When the bridge 2 moves forward and backward for lifting and moving operations, the suction processing mechanism uses the suction pipe 76 to drive each suction hood 75 to automatically suck. Under the action of suction, the cleaning impeller 74 is driven to rotate and uses the bristles to clean the oily floating objects on the surface of the beam rail 1 in advance, while the suction hood 75 sucks it away, reducing the probability of slipping caused by the subsequent crushing of the shaft wheel 3. During cleaning, the bristles do not touch the surface of the beam rail 1, thereby avoiding the oil being pressed onto the surface of the beam rail 1. When the bridge 2 moves backward, the control cross pin 37 is engaged with the rear arc groove 33, and the control adjustment cylinder 32 is locked and fixed relative to the shaft wheel 3. When the shaft wheel 3 on either side slips and the speed increases, the differential speed of the shaft wheels 3 on both sides is used, and one side shaft wheel 3 is relatively stationary while the other side shaft wheel 3 rotates, and the elastic sliding shaft 36 is relatively deflected with the adjustment cylinder 32. Correspondingly, under the guidance of the arc groove 33, the cross pin 37 drives the elastic sliding shaft 36 to move toward the side corresponding to the slipping shaft wheel 3. When the bridge 2 moves forward, the cross pin 37 is controlled to engage with the front arc groove 33, and the adjustment cylinder 32 is locked. When the shaft wheel 3 on either side slips and the speed increases, the cross pin 37 also drives the elastic sliding shaft 36 to move toward the side corresponding to the slipping shaft wheel 3, and the elastic sliding shaft 36 drives the T-shaped contact tube 4 to squeeze the touch switch 22 on the corresponding side. The controller 21 then automatically records the relevant information and issues a fault warning to the external control center. During this period, when the T-shaped contact tube 4 just squeezes the touch switch 22 on the corresponding side, the elastic sliding shaft 36 just moves the maximum distance to the left or right from the right shaft wheel 3, and the cross pin 37 just engages with the end of the arc groove 33, thereby ensuring that after the elastic sliding shaft 36 moves to the maximum distance in a small range, the shaft wheel 3 on the non-slipping side can limit the speed of the shaft wheel 3 on the other side at a relatively normal speed, thereby limiting the further slipping of the slipping shaft wheel 3 and reducing the wear between the shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1;

[0039] When slipping occurs, the T-shaped contact tube 4 moves to drive the sand box 5 on the corresponding side to open, releasing the sand material to between the slip shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1 for subsequent anti-skid, maintaining normal lifting operation in a short period of time, and at the same time, the cleaning impeller 74 on the corresponding side automatically moves down and cooperates with the suction hood 75 for suction. After the bridge frame 2 moves, the downward-moving cleaning impeller 74 deeply cleans the surface of the beam rail 1, cleans up the sand material that is normally rolled and compacted to prevent it from scattering and affecting the operation below. At the same time, it can also clean up the sand material mixed with oil after being rolled by the shaft wheel 3, eliminating the interference of oil. During this period, the marking component automatically marks the slip area of ​​the beam rail 1, which is convenient for subsequent inspection and maintenance. When the controller 21 detects that the bridge frame 2 has moved the calibrated distance or calibrated time, the controller 21 controls to unlock the adjusting cylinder 32, so that the elastic sliding shaft 36 drives the adjusting cylinder 32 to automatically reset under the action of its own elastic force, and the synchronous sand box 5 and marking component stop outputting. At the same time, the cleaning impeller 74 automatically resets. The subsequent controller 21 controls to lock the adjusting cylinder 32 for secondary monitoring.

[0040] Embodiment 2, based on the above embodiment, provides a locking assembly for the adjustment cylinder 32:

[0041] An electromagnetic disk 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the left shaft wheel 3, and the electromagnetic disk 31 is electrically connected to the controller 21. A friction plug-in disk 34 that can abut against the inner wall of the shaft wheel 3 is slidably inserted into the right side of the adjustment cylinder 32. A magnetic ring 35 fixedly connected to the friction plug-in disk 34 is elastically connected to the left end of the adjustment cylinder 32, and the magnetic ring 35 repels the energized electromagnetic disk 31.

[0042] When in use, the electromagnetic disk 31 is energized to repel the magnetic ring 35, driving the friction disk 34 to abut against the inner wall of the shaft wheel 3, so that the adjustment cylinder 32 is fixed and cannot rotate freely. Subsequently, when the shaft wheel 3 on either side slips, the adjustment cylinder 32 remains relatively fixed with the left shaft wheel 3, thereby being able to stably drive the elastic sliding shaft 36 to move, and provide a slip warning.

[0043] Example 3, based on the above example, provides a position adjustment assembly for a cross pin 37:

[0044] A telescopic cylinder 38 is embedded in the left end of the elastic slide shaft 36. The telescopic cylinder 38 is electrically connected to the controller 21. The output end of the telescopic cylinder 38 has a notch and the upper and lower walls of the notch are both provided with inclined grooves 39. The cross pin 37 is movably engaged with the inclined groove 39.

[0045] When the bridge 2 moves backward, the cross pin 37 is engaged with the rear arc groove 33, and the front end of the cross pin 37 is close to the front arc groove 33. When the bridge 2 moves forward and the rotation direction of the shaft wheel 3 changes, the controller 21 controls the telescopic cylinder 38 to extend and drive the inclined groove 39 to squeeze the cross pin 37, thereby driving the cross pin 37 to move stably from the rear arc groove 33 to the front arc groove 33, so that when the shaft wheel 3 on either side slips subsequently, the elastic sliding shaft 36 can also accurately move toward the slipping side.

[0046] Example 4, based on the above example, provides a sand release assembly:

[0047] Sand guide plates 51 are rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom of the sand box 5. An arc-shaped sand guide groove is provided between the inner wall of the sand guide plate 51 and the rolling part of the shaft wheel 3. The outer wall of the sand box 5 has a protrusion that limits the outward deflection of the sand guide plate 51. A sand cavity with a contracted bottom and an opening is provided on the top of the sand box 5. A torsion valve core 53 that passes through the sand box 5 is rotatably sealed and connected in the opening at the bottom of the sand cavity. A valve groove that can be docked with the opening is provided in the middle of the torsion valve core 53. The outer end of the torsion valve core 53 is movably inserted in the T-shaped contact tube 4. A guide groove 54 composed of a straight groove and a curved groove is provided on the periphery of the torsion valve core 53. The inner wall of the T-shaped contact tube 4 has a pin protrusion 41 that is movably engaged with the guide groove 54.

[0048] When one side of the shaft wheel 3 slips, the T-shaped contact tube 4 moves toward the corresponding side, thereby using the pin protrusion 41 to move along the guide groove 54. When the T-shaped contact tube 4 moves the maximum distance, the pin protrusion 41 is just connected to the end of the curved groove by the straight groove in the guide groove 54 on the slipping side, thereby driving the torsion valve core 53 to deflect half a circle so that the valve groove is docked with the bottom opening of the sand chamber, thereby automatically releasing the sand material, and cooperating with the sand guide plate 51 to limit the sand material from being transported along the sand guide groove, so that the sand material can be accurately transported between the rolling part of the shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1, weakening the slipping effect and ensuring smooth lifting. On the other hand, when the T-shaped contact tube 4 is away from the side where the shaft wheel 3 rotates normally, the pin protrusion 41 on the corresponding side continues to move along the straight groove in the guide groove 54 on this side without falling out, thereby ensuring the subsequent stable release of the sand material on both sides.

[0049] Example 5, based on the above example, provides a marking component control structure:

[0050] The marking assembly includes an integrally formed paint can 6 and a nozzle 61 arranged at the bottom of the paint can 6. The nozzle 61 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge 2. A ball valve is installed on the top of the nozzle 61 and the ball valve is fixedly connected to the torsion valve core 53.

[0051] When the axle wheel 3 on one side slips and the torsion valve core 53 on that side deflects, the torsion valve core 53 synchronously opens the ball valve to control the paint liquid in the paint tank 6 to be released through the nozzle 61, and sprayed to the outside of the slipping area of ​​the beam rail 1 to mark it, which is convenient for subsequent inspection and maintenance.

[0052] Example 6, based on the above embodiment, provides a cleaning impeller 74 downward movement control component:

[0053] An elastic push rod 72 fixedly connected to the cleaning impeller 74 is slidably clamped in the cross-axis frame 7, and the top of the elastic push rod 72 is rounded. Both sides of the T-shaped contact tube 4 are fixedly connected to a U-shaped push rod 42 slidably connected to the upper wall of the bridge frame 2, and the outer end of the U-shaped push rod 42 has an inclined surface that movably abuts against the top of the elastic push rod 72.

[0054] When one side of the shaft wheel 3 slips, the T-shaped contact tube 4 moves toward the corresponding side, and at the same time drives the U-shaped push rod 42 to use the outer end inclined surface to squeeze the top of the elastic push rod 72, thereby driving the elastic push rod 72 to move downward, so that the cleaning impeller 74 is close to the surface of the beam rail 1, thereby deeply cleaning the surface of the beam rail 1, cleaning up the sand material that is normally rolled and compacted to prevent it from scattering and affecting the operation below, and at the same time, cleaning up the sand material mixed with oil after being rolled by the shaft wheel 3, eliminating subsequent oil interference.

[0055] Embodiment 7, based on the above embodiment, provides a sand material guide assembly:

[0056] Two symmetrical abutment plates 71 are slidably connected to the cross-axis frame 7, and the abutment plates 71 can squeeze the sand guide plate 51. A number of elastic dredging rods 52 that are movably abutted against the upper wall of the sand guide plate 51 are slidably connected on both sides of the bottom of the sand chamber. The upper wall of the sand guide plate 51 is horizontal, and a hinge rod 73 is movably connected between the abutment plates 71 and the elastic push rods 72.

[0057] When one side of the shaft wheel 3 slips and the corresponding elastic push rod 72 drives the cleaning impeller 74 to move downward, the elastic push rod 72 simultaneously drives the hinge rod 73 to push the push plate 71 toward the outside. When the cleaning impeller 74 drives the elastic push rod 72 to rotate the cross-axis frame 7, the push plate 71 is driven to squeeze the sand guide plate 51, and the sand guide plate 51 squeezes the elastic dredging rod 52. The elastic nature of the elastic dredging rod 52 can drive itself and the sand guide plate 51 to reset when the push plate 71 rotates away, thereby realizing the reciprocating deflection of the sand guide plate 51 and the reciprocating movement of the elastic dredging rod 52 to guide the material, ensuring that the sand cavity and the sand guide groove stably transport sand material outward, timely weakening the slipping effect of the shaft wheel 3, and when there is no slippage, the push plate 71 is in a contracted state, which can avoid ineffective wear.

[0058] Embodiment 8, based on the above embodiment, provides a method for online monitoring of failures of key components of a crane, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1. When the bridge 2 moves, each suction hood 75 is controlled to automatically suck, driving the cleaning impeller 74 to rotate to clean the oily debris on the surface of the beam rail 1 in advance, so as to avoid the shaft wheel 3 from rolling and slipping, reducing the probability of failure and the burden of subsequent monitoring;

[0060] S2. When the bridge 2 moves forward or backward, the cross pin 37 is controlled to engage with the arc groove 33 on the corresponding side, and the control adjustment cylinder 32 is locked. When the shaft wheel 3 on either side slips and the speed increases, the corresponding cross pin 37 drives the elastic sliding shaft 36 to move toward the corresponding side, and the T-shaped contact tube 4 then squeezes the contact switch 22. The controller 21 automatically records the relevant information and sends a fault warning to the external control center;

[0061] S3. When the elastic sliding shaft 36 moves to the left or right within a small range to the maximum distance, it can timely limit the further slipping of the shaft wheel 3, reduce the wear between the shaft wheel 3 and the beam rail 1, and at the same time, the marking component automatically marks the slipping area of ​​the beam rail 1.

[0062] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for online monitoring of failures of key components of a crane, comprising two beam rails (1) and a bridge (2) capable of moving on the beam rails (1), characterized in that: A controller (21) is installed on the front wall of the bridge (2), and touch switches (22) electrically connected to the controller (21) are installed on both the left and right sides of the top of the bridge (2). The left and right sides of the bottom of the inner cavity of the bridge (2) are rotatably connected to shaft wheels (3), and the inner wall of the left shaft wheel (3) is rotatably connected to an adjustment cylinder (32) that can be locked. Two symmetrical arc grooves (33) are provided on the inner wall of the adjustment cylinder (32). An elastic sliding shaft (36) inserted into the adjustment cylinder (32) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the right shaft wheel (3). A cross pin (37) movably connected to the arc groove (33) and adjustable in position is slidably connected to the left end of the elastic sliding shaft (36), and a T-shaped touch tube (4) is movably sleeved on the middle part of the elastic sliding shaft (36); A sand box (5) and a marking assembly are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the bridge frame (2); a cross-axis frame (7) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the bridge frame (2); a cleaning impeller (74) that can be moved downward is provided at the bottom of the cross-axis frame (7), and a suction hood (75) that is sleeved on the cleaning impeller (74) is movably connected.

2. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ends of the two shaft wheels (3) are both rollingly connected to the beam rail (1), and the bottom of the bridge frame (2) is rotatably connected to balance wheels that are rollingly connected to the inner edges of the beam rail (1).

3. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the shaft wheel (3) has a tooth groove, and a driving motor is installed on both the left and right sides of the upper end of the bridge (2). The output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a driving gear (23) meshing with the tooth groove of the shaft wheel (3). The inner wall of the left shaft wheel (3) is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic disk (31), and the electromagnetic disk (31) is electrically connected to the controller (21). The right side of the adjustment cylinder (32) is slidably plugged with a friction plug (34) that can abut against the inner wall of the shaft wheel (3). The left end of the adjustment cylinder (32) is elastically connected to a magnetic ring (35) fixedly connected to the friction plug (34), and the magnetic ring (35) repels the energized electromagnetic disk (31).

4. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 3, characterized in that: A telescopic cylinder (38) is embedded in the left end of the elastic sliding shaft (36), and the telescopic cylinder (38) is electrically connected to the controller (21). The output end of the telescopic cylinder (38) has a notch, and the upper and lower walls of the notch are both provided with oblique grooves (39). The cross pin (37) is movably engaged with the oblique groove (39).

5. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the bottom of the sand box (5) are rotatably connected with sand guide plates (51), and an arc-shaped sand guide groove is provided between the inner wall of the sand guide plate (51) and the rolling part of the shaft wheel (3). The outer wall of the sand box (5) has a protrusion for limiting the outward deflection of the sand guide plate (51). The top of the sand box (5) is provided with a sand cavity with a contracted bottom and an opening. A torsion valve core (53) that passes through the sand box (5) is rotatably sealed in the opening at the bottom of the sand cavity. A valve groove that can be docked with the opening is provided in the middle of the torsion valve core (53). The outer end of the torsion valve core (53) is movably inserted into the T-shaped contact tube (4). A guide groove (54) composed of a straight groove and a curved groove is provided on the periphery of the torsion valve core (53). The inner wall of the T-shaped contact tube (4) has a pin protrusion (41) that is movably engaged with the guide groove (54).

6. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The marking assembly comprises an integrally formed paint can (6) and a nozzle (61) arranged at the bottom of the paint can (6); the nozzle (61) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bridge (2); a ball valve is installed on the top of the nozzle (61), and the ball valve is fixedly connected to the torsion valve core (53).

7. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic push rod (72) fixedly connected to the cleaning impeller (74) is slidably engaged in the cross-axis frame (7), and the top of the elastic push rod (72) is rounded. Both sides of the T-shaped contact tube (4) are fixedly connected to U-shaped push rods (42) slidably connected to the upper wall of the bridge frame (2). The outer end of the U-shaped push rod (42) has an inclined surface that movably abuts against the top of the elastic push rod (72), and the lower wall of the cleaning impeller (74) is provided with bristles.

8. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 7, characterized in that: Suction pipes (76) fixedly connected to the suction hood (75) are fixedly plugged into the left and right walls of the bridge (2), and the suction pipes (76) are externally connected to a suction processing mechanism installed on the bridge (2).

9. The device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two symmetrical abutment plates (71) are slidably connected to the cross-axis frame (7), and the abutment plates (71) can squeeze the sand guide plate (51). A plurality of elastic dredging rods (52) that are movably connected to the upper wall of the sand guide plate (51) are slidably connected to the two sides of the bottom of the sand chamber. The upper wall of the sand guide plate (51) is horizontal, and a hinge rod (73) is movably connected between the abutment plates (71) and the elastic push rods (72).

10. A method for online monitoring of failures of key crane components, using the device for online monitoring of failures of key crane components according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the bridge (2) moves, each suction hood (75) is controlled to automatically suck, driving the cleaning impeller (74) to rotate to clean the oily debris on the surface of the beam rail (1) in advance, so as to avoid the shaft wheel (3) from rolling and slipping, thereby reducing the probability of failure and the burden of subsequent monitoring; S2. When the bridge (2) moves forward or backward, the cross pin (37) is controlled to engage with the arc groove (33) on the corresponding side, and the control adjustment cylinder (32) is locked. When the shaft wheel (3) on either side slips and the speed increases, the corresponding cross pin (37) drives the elastic sliding shaft (36) to move toward the corresponding side, and the T-shaped contact tube (4) then squeezes the contact switch (22). The controller (21) automatically records the relevant information and issues a fault warning to the external control center. S3, when the elastic sliding shaft (36) moves to the left or right within a small range to the maximum distance, it can timely limit the further slipping of the shaft wheel (3), reduce the wear between the shaft wheel (3) and the beam rail (1), and at the same time, the marking component automatically marks the slipping area of ​​the beam rail (1).

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