High-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device and preparation method thereof, and diffraction spectrum information sensing system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a diffraction spectrum information sensing system and method, in particular to a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device and a preparation method thereof and a diffraction spectrum information sensing system and method, and solves the technical problems that an existing liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device is narrow in regulation and control wave band and low in integration level. According to the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device, a diffraction light field in an XY plane is obtained by utilizing the diffraction microstructure of the diffraction micro-area in the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer, diffraction spectrum information can be obtained through single imaging of a detector, and the situation that a spectrum is expanded in the Z-axis direction by a traditional diffraction spectrum device is avoided; the detector needs to move many times to obtain complex operation of diffraction spectrum information, moving parts are not needed, the integration degree is higher, and the size is smaller; and meanwhile, the modulation layer can realize dynamic fine regulation and control of the diffraction spectrum, and the regulation and control wave band is wide. According to the diffraction spectrum information sensing system, the space-time modulation of the diffraction spectrum information is realized through the control unit and the additional modulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a diffraction spectrum information perception system and method, and in particular to a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device and a preparation method thereof, and a diffraction spectrum information perception system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the intelligent era, dynamic modulated spectral information perception technology has attracted widespread attention in fields such as smart healthcare, smart agriculture, and artificial intelligence vision systems. Liquid crystal, as an intelligent material that dynamically responds to external stimuli such as electric, magnetic, and thermal fields, has become a key material foundation for this field.

[0003] Liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic devices spread the incident light along its transmission direction, enabling energy-efficient perception and detection of spectral information, which meets the development needs of spectral information perception technology in actual weak environments. Liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic devices control spectral information through methods such as electric fields, thereby overcoming the problem that traditional optical diffraction spectroscopic devices have fixed optical parameters and are difficult to meet the development needs of intelligent reconfigurable spectral information perception technology. Commonly used liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic devices need to be sealed in a liquid crystal box structure. At the same time, they are very sensitive to external temperature fields and require complex external temperature control equipment to achieve precise control of spectral information. In addition, the preparation method of liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic devices is usually an on-chip photo-alignment method. Its cost rises rapidly with the increase in integration, making it difficult to meet the development needs of highly integrated micro-sized diffraction spectroscopic information perception technology.

[0004] At present, cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic devices, as a new type of liquid crystal device that can maintain the liquid crystal director arrangement structure in the solid state, do not require complex liquid crystal cell structures and temperature control equipment, and have become an important part of micro-diffraction spectroscopy information perception technology. However, existing cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic devices and their information perception systems usually use simple passive concentration modulation methods and modulation methods of a single on-chip diffraction structure. For the passive concentration modulation method, see Yuanyuan Cao, et al, Adv. Mater. 2020.32.1907376, and for the modulation method of a single on-chip diffraction structure, see Guang Chu, et al, Adv. Optical Mater. 2021.9.2002258. Both methods have the problems of too narrow control range and low integration, which makes it difficult to meet the development needs of high-modulation micro-diffraction spectroscopy information perception technology. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a wide-band, highly integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic device and its spectral information perception system to meet the application scenarios of actual high-energy-efficiency hyperspectral and even hyperspectral technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of narrow control band and low integration of existing liquid crystal diffraction spectrum devices, and to provide a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device and its preparation method, and a diffraction spectrum information perception system and method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device is special in that it comprises a modulation layer and a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer arranged on the modulation layer; The cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer is made of cellulose liquid crystal and includes N diffraction micro-regions, wherein N is an integer and N≥1; The diffraction microstructure of the diffraction micro-region is a one-dimensional diffraction grating, a two-dimensional diffraction grating, or a random diffraction microstructure, which is used to receive the test laser and diffract it, so that the test laser generates a diffraction pattern in the XY plane; the XY plane is a plane perpendicular to the transmission optical path of the test laser; The modulation layer is used to connect with an external modulator, thereby modulating the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in the N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer respectively, and further modulating the diffraction characteristics of the N diffraction micro-regions corresponding to the test laser respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, N≥4, and the N diffraction micro-regions are arranged in a planar array.

[0008] Furthermore, the maximum line width of the diffraction micro-region is 10 microns to 100 microns.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device, which is special in that it comprises the following steps: Step A1, preparing a high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal: adding a NaOH solution to a cholesteric cellulose liquid crystal, and then regulating the solution to form a cellulose liquid crystal with a near glassy nematic phase arrangement structure, thereby obtaining a high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal, wherein the high pH refers to a pH value of 11.9-12.3; Step A2, preparing a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master: designing a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer structure having N diffraction microdomains and a diffraction microstructure having N diffraction microdomains, and preparing a metal mask based thereon; then transferring the N diffraction microstructures on the metal mask to an SU8 master, combining them with the microstructure of the SU8 master itself, to obtain an SU8 master having N composite microstructures; then, embossing the N composite microstructures on the SU8 master onto the PDMS diffraction structure, to obtain a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master having N composite diffraction microstructures; Step A3, preparing an integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device: selecting a conductive base layer, oxygen-cleaning the conductive surface of the conductive base layer, then dropwise adding a high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal onto the conductive surface of the conductive base layer, and covering the high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal with a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master, so that the high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal has N composite diffraction microstructures on the monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master, and after drying, removing the monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master to form a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer, thereby obtaining an integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device; Step A4, preparing a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device: brushing a conductive silver paste on the edge of each diffraction micro-area of ​​the integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device, the conductive silver paste and the conductive base layer together form a modulation layer to obtain a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device.

[0010] Furthermore, in step A1, the volume ratio of the NaOH solution to the cholesteric cellulose liquid crystal is 0.22:1 to 0.24:1, wherein the concentration of the NaOH solution is 2 mol / L.

[0011] Furthermore, in step A2, the N diffraction microstructures on the metal mask are transferred to the SU8 master by ultraviolet spectroscopy technology, and the N composite microstructures on the SU8 master are imprinted onto the PDMS diffraction structure by soft lithography technology; In step A3, the conductive base layer is an indium tin oxide glass sheet or an indium tin oxide film.

[0012] The present invention also provides a diffraction spectrum information perception system, which is special in that it includes a light source module, a diffraction spectrum device, a lens module, a detector and an external modulator; The diffraction spectrometer device is the above-mentioned high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device; The light source module includes N light source primitives, which are respectively arranged corresponding to N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer in the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device, and a control circuit; each light source primitive includes M semiconductor lasers with different luminous colors, which are used to emit test lasers, where M is an integer and M≥2; the control circuit is respectively connected to the control ends of the N×M semiconductor lasers, and is used to control the M semiconductor lasers in each light source primitive to work in a time-sharing manner, thereby emitting test lasers of different colors in a time-sharing manner; The high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device is arranged in the transmission optical path of the test laser, the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer is used to receive N beams of test laser light, and the modulation layer is connected to an external modulator; the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device is used to diffract the N beams of test laser light to generate diffraction patterns in the XY plane, and transmit them to the object to be measured, while cooperating with the external modulator to modulate the diffraction characteristics of the N beams of test laser light; The lens module and the detector are sequentially arranged on the reflected light path of the object to be measured. The lens module includes N lens elements arranged corresponding to the N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer in the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device, and is used to focus the reflected light of the object to be measured onto the detector; the detector includes N detector elements arranged corresponding to the N lens elements, and is used to detect the diffraction spectrum information carried by the reflected light of the object to be measured, thereby realizing the perception of the diffraction spectrum information.

[0013] Furthermore, the external modulator is an electric field modulator, a magnetic field modulator or a mechanical field modulator.

[0014] Furthermore, M=3, and the light emission colors of the M semiconductor lasers are red, green and blue respectively.

[0015] The present invention also provides a diffraction spectrum information perception method, which uses the above-mentioned diffraction spectrum information perception system, and is special in that it includes the following steps: Step B1, turning on the external modulator, and then controlling one semiconductor laser of N light source primitives in the light source module through the control circuit to operate, so that the N light source primitives emit N beams of test laser light that are respectively incident on N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer; Step B2: The modulation layer modulates the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in each of the N diffraction micro-regions under the modulation of an external modulator. The N diffraction micro-regions then diffract the test laser light emitted by their corresponding light source elements, causing the N test laser beams to generate diffraction patterns in the XY plane and transmit them to the object to be measured. Step B3: The lens module focuses the reflected light of the object to be measured onto the detector for detection, thereby obtaining diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured; Step B4: determine whether the diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured meets the requirements of diffraction spectrum information perception. If so, execute step B5; if not, change the output of the external modulator and return to step B2; Step B5: Control another semiconductor laser of the N light source elements in the light source module through the control circuit, so that the N light source elements emit N beams of test laser light that are respectively incident on the N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer, and then return to step B2 until each semiconductor laser of the N light source elements in the light source module 1 is traversed to complete the perception of the diffraction spectrum information.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The highly modulated integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer provided by the present invention utilizes the diffraction microstructure of the diffraction microregion of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer to layout the diffracted light field of the test laser in the XY plane. The detector can obtain spectral information with a single imaging. This avoids the complex operation of traditional diffraction spectrometers, which requires the detector to move multiple times to obtain diffraction spectrum information after expanding the spectrum along the Z axis (the test laser transmission optical path). It does not require high-precision mechanical moving parts and liquid lens control devices, resulting in higher integration and smaller size. 2. The high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device provided by the present invention modulates the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal by an external modulator, thereby achieving dynamic and fine control of the diffraction spectrum; 3. The high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopy device provided by the present invention has a maximum line width of the diffraction micro-region of 10 to 100 microns, which can not only meet the energy requirements of the diffraction light field but also reduce the preparation cost; 4. The method for preparing a highly modulated integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopy device provided by the present invention is easy to mass-produce industrially through single-transfer molding. This method avoids the high cost caused by the multiple transfers required by traditional electron beam lithography and optical alignment technologies, and breaks through the technical bottleneck of large-scale preparation of array-type highly integrated multi-diffraction micro-domain liquid crystal devices. 5. The diffraction spectrum information perception system provided by the present invention uses a control unit to control the light source element to emit test lasers of different colors in a time-sharing manner, thereby achieving modulation of the spectral information in the time domain. At the same time, an external modulator is used to control the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device, thereby modulating the diffraction characteristics of the test laser and achieving modulation of the spectral information in the spatial domain. The modulation range is wide and the degree of freedom is high. 6. The diffraction spectrum information perception system provided by the present invention is compatible with mature imprinting, optical lens array and LD array technologies, and can be easily expanded in a planar array format to achieve large-area array modulation in the XY plane of the spatial domain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of diffraction patterns in which the diffraction microstructure of the diffraction microregion in the highly modulated integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a one-dimensional diffraction grating, wherein (a), (b), (c), and (d) are schematic diagrams of diffraction patterns in which the periods of the one-dimensional diffraction grating are 10 μm, 20 μm, 40 μm, and 80 μm, respectively; Figure 3Schematic diagram of a diffraction pattern in which the diffraction microstructure of the diffraction micro-region in the highly modulated integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a two-dimensional diffraction grating, wherein (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of the diffraction patterns of a two-dimensional square diffraction structure and a two-dimensional micro-beam array diffraction structure, respectively; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the diffraction pattern of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) three-color light using a one-dimensional diffraction grating in the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer of the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a), (b), and (c) are schematic diagrams of the diffraction patterns of red, green, and blue light, respectively; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the diffraction spectrum information perception system according to an embodiment of the present invention (the external modulator is not shown); The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 1-light source module, 2-high modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device, 21-modulation layer, 22-cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer, 3-object to be measured, 4-lens module, 5-detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the objects, advantages and features of the present invention clearer, the following is a further detailed description of a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device and its preparation method, and a diffraction spectrum information perception system and method proposed in the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] A high modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopy device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device comprises a modulation layer 21 and a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 disposed on the modulation layer 21. The cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 is made of cellulose liquid crystal and includes four diffraction micro-domains arranged in a planar array. The diffraction micro-domains are used to receive and diffract test laser light, causing the test laser light to produce a diffraction pattern within the XY plane, where the XY plane is perpendicular to the test laser light transmission path. The modulation layer 21 is connected to an external modulator to modulate the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in the four diffraction micro-domains of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22, thereby modulating the diffraction characteristics of the four diffraction micro-domains in response to the test laser light.

[0020] The maximum line width of the diffraction micro-area is 10 microns to 100 microns, 10 microns is the minimum line width of ultraviolet lithography, and 100 microns is the limit line width of uniform arrangement of cellulose liquid crystals, which can avoid the high production cost of electron beam lithography technology.

[0021] The diffraction microstructure of the diffraction microregion is a one-dimensional diffraction grating, a two-dimensional diffraction grating or a random diffraction microstructure. The diffraction microstructures of the four diffraction microregions can be the same or different. The diffraction microstructures of the diffraction microregion are one-dimensional diffraction grating and two-dimensional diffraction grating, and the diffraction patterns are as follows: Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the diffraction patterns of the one-dimensional diffraction grating with periods of 10 microns, 20 microns, 40 microns, and 80 microns are as follows Figure 2 As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d), the diffraction patterns of the two-dimensional square diffraction structure and the two-dimensional microbeam array diffraction structure are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in (a) and (b), the diffraction patterns are one-dimensional and two-dimensional spectra with alternating light and dark in the XY plane. Figure 4 As shown in (a), (b), and (c), the diffraction patterns of the diffraction microstructure of the diffraction micro-area using a one-dimensional diffraction grating to diffract RGB light respectively.

[0022] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device, comprising the following steps: Step A1, preparing a nematic cellulose liquid crystal in the high pH region: adding 22 to 24 microliters of a 2 mol / L NaOH solution (sodium hydroxide solution) to 1 milliliter of a cholesteric cellulose liquid crystal, and then regulating the solution to form a cellulose liquid crystal with a near-glassy nematic phase arrangement structure, thereby obtaining a nematic cellulose liquid crystal in the high pH region, wherein the high pH refers to a pH value of 11.9-12.3.

[0023] The intermolecular interactions of cellulose liquid crystals in a near-glassy nematic phase arrangement structure are small, which can achieve one-dimensional long-range ordered arrangement. At the same time, the near-glassy structure can avoid the disturbance defects of liquid crystal molecules in the subsequent integration process.

[0024] Step A2: Prepare a monolithic integrated PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) diffraction master: Using optical design software, design a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer structure having four diffraction microdomains arranged in a planar array and a diffraction microstructure of four diffraction microdomains, and prepare a chrome mask based on the structure. Then, using ultraviolet spectroscopy, transfer the four diffraction microstructures on the chrome mask to an SU8 master, combining them with the microstructure of the SU8 master itself to obtain an SU8 master having four composite microstructures. Then, using soft lithography, imprint the four composite microstructures on the SU8 master onto the PDMS diffraction structure to obtain a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master having four composite diffraction microstructures.

[0025] Step A3, preparing an integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic device: selecting an indium tin oxide glass sheet as a conductive base layer, oxygen-cleaning the conductive surface of the indium tin oxide glass sheet, then dripping high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal onto the conductive surface of the indium tin oxide glass sheet, and covering the high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal with a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master, so that the high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal has four composite diffraction microstructures on the monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master, after placing in a drying oven for 24 hours, removing the monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master, and the indium tin oxide glass sheet and the high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal form a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22, thereby obtaining an integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopic device.

[0026] In other embodiments, the conductive base layer can also be an indium tin oxide film. This step enables single-shot fabrication of integrated devices, significantly reducing costs. The SU8 master and PDMS diffraction structures inherently possess microstructures, which, when combined with high-pH nematic cellulose liquid crystals, further optimize the diffraction effect.

[0027] Step A4, preparing a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device: brushing conductive silver paste on the edge of each polarization micro-region of the integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device, the conductive silver paste and the conductive base layer together form a modulation layer 21, and obtaining a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device 2.

[0028] In this step, the ITO glass sheet is combined with the conductive silver paste to form the modulation layer 21 , which serves as a modulation medium connecting the external modulator and the cellulosic liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 .

[0029] This embodiment also provides a diffraction spectrum information perception system, such as Figure 5 As shown, it includes a light source module 1, a diffraction spectrum device, a lens module 4, a detector 5 and an external modulator. The diffraction spectrum device is the above-mentioned high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device 2. The light source module 1 includes four light source primitives respectively arranged corresponding to the four diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 in the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device 2, and a control circuit. Each light source primitive includes three semiconductor lasers with different luminous colors, which are used to emit test lasers. In this embodiment, the luminous colors of the three semiconductor lasers are red, green and blue, respectively. The control circuit is connected to the control ends of the 4×3 semiconductor lasers respectively, and is used to control the three semiconductor lasers in each light source primitive to work in time-sharing, thereby emitting test lasers of different colors in time-sharing.

[0030] A high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device 2 is placed in the transmission path of the test laser beams. The cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 receives the four test laser beams, and the modulation layer 21 is connected to an external modulator. The high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device 2 diffracts the four test laser beams, generating diffraction patterns in the XY plane. These patterns are then transmitted to the object under test 3, while simultaneously cooperating with the external modulator to modulate the diffraction characteristics of the four test laser beams.

[0031] The external modulator is an electric field modulator, a magnetic field modulator or a mechanical field modulator, which can directly modulate the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in the four diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 in the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device 2, thereby achieving fine control of the diffraction spectrum information.

[0032] Lens module 4 and detector 5 are sequentially arranged in the reflected light path of object 3. Lens module 4 includes four lens elements corresponding to the four diffraction micro-regions of cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 in high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer 2, and is used to focus the reflected light from the object to be measured onto detector 5. Detector 5 is a planar array detector, including four detector elements corresponding to the four lens elements, and is used to detect the diffraction spectrum information carried by the reflected light from object 3, thereby realizing the perception of the diffraction spectrum information.

[0033] The diffraction microstructures of the four diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22 are relatively small. This embodiment uses laser as the test light. The spectral line width of the laser is extremely narrow, close to ideal monochromatic light, which can avoid overlapping of adjacent diffraction patterns in the diffraction pattern produced after diffraction, thereby improving the spectral resolution.

[0034] In this embodiment, a test laser is emitted by light source module 1 and incident on a highly modulated integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device 2. The test laser passes through the four diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22, generating four diffraction patterns in the XY plane. The test laser then enters the object to be measured 3. The reflected light, which carries the spectral information of the object to be measured 3, is collected by lens module 4. Finally, a detector 5 detects and senses the diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured 3. A control circuit controls the three semiconductor lasers in each light source element of light source module 1 to emit RGB test laser light in a time-sharing manner, achieving temporal modulation. An external modulator modulates the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystals in the four diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22, thereby modulating the diffraction characteristics of the test laser light and causing it to diffract to different positions in the XY plane, achieving spatial modulation.

[0035] This embodiment further provides a diffraction spectrum information perception method, which uses the above-mentioned diffraction spectrum information perception system and includes the following steps: Step B1: Turn on the external modulator, and then control one semiconductor laser of the four light source primitives in the light source module 1 through the control circuit to work, so that the four light source primitives emit four beams of green test laser light and respectively enter the four diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22.

[0036] In step B2, the modulation layer 21 modulates the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in the four diffraction micro-regions under the modulation of the external modulator. Then, the N diffraction micro-regions diffract the green test laser emitted by their corresponding light source elements, so that the four beams of green test laser light respectively generate diffraction patterns in the XY plane and are transmitted to the object to be measured 3.

[0037] In step B3, the lens module 4 focuses the reflected light of the object to be measured 3 onto the detector 5 for detection, thereby obtaining the diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured 3 under the green test laser.

[0038] Step B4: determine whether the diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured 3 meets the requirements of diffraction spectrum information perception. If so, execute step B5; if not, change the output of the external modulator and return to step B2.

[0039] Step B5: Control the other semiconductor lasers of the four light source elements in the light source module 1 through the control circuit, so that the four light source elements sequentially emit four beams of red and blue test lasers, which are respectively incident on the four diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer 22. Then, according to the methods of steps B2 to B4, the diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured 3 under the green, red and blue test lasers is obtained, and the perception of the diffraction spectrum information is completed.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device, characterized by: It includes a modulation layer (21) and a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22) disposed on the modulation layer (21); The cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22) is made of cellulose liquid crystal and includes N diffraction micro-regions, wherein N is an integer and N≥1; The diffraction microstructure of the diffraction micro-region is a one-dimensional diffraction grating, a two-dimensional diffraction grating, or a random diffraction microstructure, which is used to receive the test laser and diffract it, so that the test laser generates a diffraction pattern in the XY plane; the XY plane is a plane perpendicular to the transmission optical path of the test laser; The modulation layer (21) is used to connect to an external modulator, thereby respectively modulating the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in the N diffraction microregions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22), and further respectively modulating the diffraction characteristics of the corresponding test lasers of the N diffraction microregions.

2. The high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: N≥4, N diffraction micro-regions are arranged in a planar array.

3. The high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The maximum line width of the diffraction micro-region is 10 microns to 100 microns.

4. A method for preparing a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A1, preparing a high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal: adding a NaOH solution to a cholesteric cellulose liquid crystal, and then regulating the solution to form a cellulose liquid crystal with a near glassy nematic phase arrangement structure, thereby obtaining a high pH region nematic cellulose liquid crystal, wherein the high pH refers to a pH value of 11.9-12.3; Step A2, preparing a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master: designing a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer structure having N diffraction microdomains and a diffraction microstructure having N diffraction microdomains, and preparing a metal mask based thereon; then transferring the N diffraction microstructures on the metal mask to an SU8 master, combining them with the microstructure of the SU8 master itself, to obtain an SU8 master having N composite microstructures; then, embossing the N composite microstructures on the SU8 master onto the PDMS diffraction structure, to obtain a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master having N composite diffraction microstructures; Step A3, preparing an integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device: selecting a conductive base layer, oxygen-cleaning the conductive surface of the conductive base layer, then dripping a high pH region nematic phase cellulose liquid crystal onto the conductive surface of the conductive base layer, and covering the high pH region nematic phase cellulose liquid crystal with a monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master, so that the high pH region nematic phase cellulose liquid crystal has N composite diffraction microstructures on the monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master, and after drying, removing the monolithic integrated PDMS diffraction master to form a cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22), thereby obtaining an integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device; Step A4, preparing a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device: brushing a conductive silver paste on the edge of each diffraction micro-region of the integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device, the conductive silver paste and the conductive base layer together form a modulation layer (21), and obtaining a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device (2).

5. The method for preparing a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A1, the volume ratio of the NaOH solution to the cholesteric cellulose liquid crystal is 0.22:1 to 0.24:1, wherein the concentration of the NaOH solution is 2 mol / L.

6. The method for preparing a high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrometer device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: In step A2, the N diffraction microstructures on the metal mask are transferred to the SU8 master by ultraviolet spectroscopy, and the N composite microstructures on the SU8 master are imprinted onto the PDMS diffraction structure by soft lithography; In step A3, the conductive base layer is an indium tin oxide glass sheet or an indium tin oxide film.

7. A diffraction spectrum information perception system, characterized by: It includes a light source module (1), a diffraction spectrum device, a lens module (4), a detector (5) and an external modulator; The diffraction spectroscopy device is the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectroscopy device (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 3; The light source module (1) comprises N light source primitives respectively arranged corresponding to N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22) in the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device (2), and a control circuit; each light source primitive comprises M semiconductor lasers with different luminous colors, which are used to emit test lasers, wherein M is an integer and M≥2; the control circuit is respectively connected to the control ends of the N×M semiconductor lasers, and is used to control the M semiconductor lasers in each light source primitive to work in a time-sharing manner, thereby emitting test lasers of different colors in a time-sharing manner; The high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device (2) is arranged on a transmission optical path of a test laser, the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22) is used to receive N beams of test laser light, and the modulation layer (21) is connected to an external modulator; the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device (2) is used to diffract the N beams of test laser light, so that they respectively generate diffraction patterns in the XY plane, and transmit them to the object to be tested (3), and at the same time cooperate with the external modulator to modulate the diffraction characteristics of the N beams of test laser light; The lens module (4) and the detector (5) are sequentially arranged on a reflected light path of the object to be measured (3); the lens module (4) comprises N lens elements arranged corresponding to the N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22) in the high-modulation integrated cellulose liquid crystal diffraction spectrum device (2), and is used to focus the reflected light of the object to be measured (3) onto the detector (5); the detector (5) comprises N detector elements arranged corresponding to the N lens elements, and is used to detect diffraction spectrum information carried by the reflected light of the object to be measured (3), thereby realizing perception of the diffraction spectrum information.

8. The diffraction spectrum information perception system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The external modulator is an electric field modulator, a magnetic field modulator or a mechanical field modulator.

9. The diffraction spectrum information perception system according to claim 8, characterized in that: M=3, and the luminous colors of the M semiconductor lasers are red, green and blue respectively.

10. A diffraction spectrum information perception method, using the diffraction spectrum information perception system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step B1, turning on the external modulator, and then controlling a semiconductor laser of N light source primitives in the light source module (1) to work through the control circuit, so that the N light source primitives emit N beams of test laser light that are incident on N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22) respectively; Step B2: The modulation layer (21) modulates the spatial structure of the cellulose liquid crystal in the N diffraction micro-regions under the modulation of the external modulator, and then the N diffraction micro-regions diffract the test lasers emitted by their corresponding light source elements, so that the N test laser beams respectively generate diffraction patterns in the XY plane and are transmitted to the object to be measured (3); Step B3: The lens module (4) focuses the reflected light of the object to be measured (3) onto the detector (5) for detection, thereby obtaining diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured (3); Step B4, judging whether the diffraction spectrum information of the object to be measured (3) meets the requirements of diffraction spectrum information perception, if yes, executing step B5; if not, changing the output of the external modulator and returning to step B2; Step B5, controlling another semiconductor laser of the N light source primitives in the light source module (1) to operate through the control circuit, so that the N light source primitives emit N beams of test laser light that are incident on the N diffraction micro-regions of the cellulose liquid crystal diffraction layer (22) respectively, and then returning to step B2 until each semiconductor laser of the N light source primitives in the light source module (1) is traversed, thereby completing the perception of the diffraction spectrum information.

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