Motor and vehicle with same

Abstract

The invention provides a motor and a vehicle with the same, and relates to the technical field of motors. The motor comprises a rotor iron core; the rotating shaft is arranged in the rotor iron core in a penetrating manner; the number of the dynamic balance plates is at least one, and the at least one dynamic balance plate is connected with the rotor iron core in an attached mode in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; wherein the dynamic balance plate is provided with an accommodating cavity, and a thermal buffer material is arranged in the accommodating cavity. According to the scheme, the dynamic balance plate is attached to the rotor iron core, the accommodating cavity is formed in the dynamic balance plate, the accommodating cavity is filled with the thermal buffer material, and heat in the rotor iron core can be quickly transferred by utilizing the characteristics of buffering, absorbing and releasing heat of the thermal buffer material, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the rotor is improved, and the service life of the rotor is prolonged. In addition, due to the fact that the scheme that the containing cavity is formed in the dynamic balance plate is adopted, a cooling device does not need to be additionally arranged while the cooling effect is improved, and the compactness of the whole machine structure is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a motor and a vehicle having the same. Background Art

[0002] High-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), the core drive structure of electric vehicles, are widely used due to their high efficiency, wide speed range, compact size, and lightweight design. The pursuit of high power density and efficiency is a current goal, so the design of a thermal management system is crucial during the design of high-speed PMSMs. Effective thermal management is crucial for maintaining the motor at its optimal operating temperature, preventing overheating that could lead to performance degradation or damage.

[0003] Current high-power-density, high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor designs result in a dramatic increase in stator and rotor losses, which in turn increases the overall heat generation of the motor. In particular, as the motor's operating speed increases, rotor core losses increase, leading to higher temperatures. This is especially true for neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets. When the temperature exceeds its Curie temperature (approximately 310°C), this can cause permanent magnet demagnetization, impacting the motor's performance and lifespan. Therefore, improving the motor's heat dissipation performance is a key research topic. To ensure high power, performance, long life, and strong reliability, more efficient rotor cooling solutions are essential.

[0004] Current rotor cooling schemes can be categorized into oil-immersion cooling, oil-cooled shaft, oil-cooled shaft + bearing cooling, rotor core crossflow, and rotor core crossflow + stator end oil spraying. The main differences between these rotor cooling methods lie in the components being cooled and the rotor flow path structure. Oil-immersion cooling utilizes the rotor's agitation to swirl cooling oil onto the stator end, cooling both the stator and rotor. This scheme places high demands on the cooling oil's physical properties and involves kinetic energy loss during the agitation process. The bubbles generated during the agitation process can also affect component stability. Oil-cooled shaft and oil-cooled shaft + bearing cooling methods cool the rotor and bearings by passing oil through the shaft. This scheme is only suitable for applications requiring high shaft temperatures and precise temperature control. Insufficient cooling can easily occur under high-speed, accelerated, or high-load conditions. Rotor core crossflow cooling uses cooling oil to flow into the core. While this scheme can effectively reduce rotor shaft temperature, it is not effective in reducing overall machine temperature. Rotor core crossflow + stator end oil spraying cools the winding ends by passing cooling oil through the core, with oil spray holes located at the stator end. This solution can effectively reduce the temperature of the entire machine, but the addition of an oil injection system at the stator end increases the power consumption of the oil pump. At the same time, the oil distribution between the rotor core and the stator end needs to be adjusted in real time, and an additional oil distribution system needs to be installed, which makes the structure of the entire machine complex and reduces reliability.

[0005] Pain point: The complexity and instability of the mainstream cooling method for high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors make it difficult to ensure effective temperature control of the entire motor.

[0006] Currently, no effective solutions have been proposed for the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a motor and a vehicle having the same, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the motor cooling system is complex, unstable and difficult to cool the entire machine.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, a motor is provided, comprising: a rotor core; a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being passed through the rotor core; a dynamic balancing plate, at least one dynamic balancing plate being fitted and connected to the rotor core along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; wherein the dynamic balancing plate has a receiving cavity, and a thermal buffer material is arranged in the receiving cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the thermal buffer material is a carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of cooling channels are provided on the rotor core, the rotating shaft has an oil inlet, a plurality of oil-swinging holes are provided on the rotating shaft, at least some of the oil-swinging holes are arranged close to the oil inlet, and at least one oil passage is provided on the dynamic balancing plate, one end of the oil passage is connected to the oil-swinging hole, and the other end of the oil passage is connected to the cooling channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotor core includes multiple core segments, which are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. Each core segment is provided with multiple flow channel segments, and the two flow channel segments on two adjacent core segments are connected to each other. The flow channel segments on each core segment are connected in sequence to form a cooling flow channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the apertures of the two flow channel sections on two adjacent core segments are set to be the same, and the two flow channel sections on two adjacent core segments are set eccentrically; or, the apertures of the two flow channel sections on two adjacent core segments are set to be different, and the two flow channel sections on two adjacent core segments are set coaxially.

[0013] Furthermore, the dynamic balancing plate includes: a first dynamic balancing plate, which is arranged close to the oil inlet, and a plurality of oil passages are opened on the side of the first dynamic balancing plate close to the core segment; a second dynamic balancing plate, which is arranged away from the oil inlet, and a plurality of oil passages are opened on the side of the second dynamic balancing plate close to the core segment; wherein, one end of the oil passage is connected to the flow channel section on the core segment, and the oil-swinging hole is arranged at the connection between the rotating shaft and the first dynamic balancing plate and the second dynamic balancing plate, and the oil-swinging hole is connected to the other end of the oil passage.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of oil holes are provided on the first dynamic balancing plate and the second dynamic balancing plate, one end of the oil hole is communicated with the cooling channel, and the other end of the oil hole is communicated with the external air gap.

[0015] Furthermore, the multiple cooling channels include: a first cooling channel, one end of which is connected to the oil channel on the first dynamic balancing plate, and the other end of which is connected to the external air gap through the oil hole on the second dynamic balancing plate; a second cooling channel, one end of which is connected to the oil channel on the second dynamic balancing plate, and the other end of which is connected to the external air gap through the oil hole on the first dynamic balancing plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the first cooling channel is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the oil passage on the first dynamic balancing plate and the oil-swing hole close to the oil inlet; the second cooling channel is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the oil passage on the second dynamic balancing plate and the oil-swing hole away from the oil inlet.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of first cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft, and / or a plurality of second cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft, wherein the first cooling channels are arranged at a distance from the second cooling channels, and the first cooling channels and the second cooling channels are arranged alternately.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle has a motor, which is the motor described above.

[0019] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, a dynamic balancing plate is fitted to the rotor core, a receiving cavity is opened in the dynamic balancing plate, and a thermal buffer material is filled in the receiving cavity. The heat absorption and heat release characteristics of the thermal buffer material can be used to quickly transfer heat in the rotor core, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the rotor and the thermal limit capacity of the motor. In addition, since the receiving cavity is provided inside the dynamic balancing plate, the cooling effect is increased without adding a cooling device, thereby ensuring the compactness of the overall structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a motor rotor according to the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 It shows a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a dynamic balancing plate according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3It shows a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a dynamic balancing plate according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A graph showing the average temperature of a rotor according to the present invention is shown.

[0025] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0026] 10. Rotor core; 11. Cooling channel; 110. Channel section; 12. Core section;

[0027] 20. Rotating shaft; 21. Oil inlet;

[0028] 30. Dynamic balancing plate; 300. Accommodating cavity; 32. Oil passage; 33. First dynamic balancing plate; 34. Second dynamic balancing plate; 35. Oil hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of this application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0033] Combine Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a motor is provided.

[0034] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the motor includes a rotor core 10, a rotating shaft 20 and a dynamic balancing plate 30; the rotating shaft 20 is arranged in the rotor core 10; there is at least one dynamic balancing plate 30, and along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20, at least one dynamic balancing plate 30 is fitted and connected to the rotor core 10; wherein, the dynamic balancing plate 30 has an accommodating cavity 300, and a thermal buffer material is arranged in the accommodating cavity 300.

[0035] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, a dynamic balancing plate 30 is arranged in contact with the rotor core 10, a receiving cavity 300 is defined within the dynamic balancing plate 30, and a thermal buffer material is filled within the receiving cavity 300. The thermal buffer material's buffering, absorption, and heat release properties allow for rapid heat transfer within the rotor core 10, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the rotor and the thermal limit capability of the motor. Furthermore, by providing the receiving cavity 300 within the dynamic balancing plate 30, the cooling effect is increased without requiring additional cooling equipment, thereby ensuring a compact overall structure.

[0036] It should be noted that the phase change properties of the thermal buffer material within the dynamic balancing plate 30 rapidly absorb heat generated by the rotor core 10 during high-speed operation, effectively reducing the motor's temperature rise and enabling it to maintain a low operating temperature even under high load and high-speed operation, thereby improving the motor's thermal management and performance stability. During motor operation, heat generated by the rotor core 10 is transferred to the dynamic balancing plate 30 via heat conduction. The thermal buffer material within the cavity 300 is then exposed to the heat, absorbing it and undergoing a phase change, rapidly reducing the temperature of the rotor core 10.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of accommodating cavities 300 are defined inside the dynamic balancing plate 30 . The size of each accommodating cavity 300 may be set to be different, and different thermal buffer materials may be disposed in the accommodating cavity 300 .

[0038] Specifically, the thermal buffer material is a carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material. Leveraging the high thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes and the high heat storage capacity of paraffin as a phase change material, the two combine to form a material with excellent thermal properties. This material can quickly absorb and store heat, improving the thermal buffer material's heat absorption efficiency and stability, reducing the volume expansion that may occur during the phase change process, and avoiding damage to the dynamic balancing plate 30 structure.

[0039] It should be noted that the thermal buffer material can also be other solid-liquid phase change materials that are non-corrosive to metal materials and have strong thermal conductivity. At the same time, the volume expansion of the solid-liquid material during the phase change process must be within the volume range of the accommodating cavity 300 to avoid generating pressure on the dynamic balancing plate 30 and damaging the dynamic balancing plate 30.

[0040] Preferably, the thermal buffer material adopts a carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material. Paraffin is the most widely studied and applied type of organic phase change material. As one of the most important petroleum products, the chemical formula of paraffin is CnH2n+2 (alkane mixture). Under normal conditions, alkanes from C1 to C4 are gaseous, alkanes from C5 to C17 are liquid, and alkanes from C18 and above are solid. At the same time, the melting point of alkanes increases with the increase of the number of carbon atoms. Therefore, paraffin and alkanes can be mixed together in proportion to obtain a phase change material with adjustable melting point. In addition, paraffin also has a high latent heat value and unique thermodynamic properties (such as high thermochemical stability, low vapor pressure in the molten state, low supercooling, etc.).

[0041] Carbon nanotubes are primarily composed of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal pattern, forming coaxial tubes with a few to dozens of layers. Their structure is more flexible than other carbon allotropes, and individual carbon nanotubes can be interconnected to form a flexible and stable macrostructure. Carbon nanotubes have a high thermal conductivity of up to 6600 W / (m·K) and a unique interconnected, coiled structure, making them an excellent carrier for paraffin wax.

[0042] The combination of paraffin and carbon nanotubes forms a carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material. By improving its framework design, preparation process and pretreatment, it can have more beneficial effects on the system construction. The optimized internal channels of the carrier can form more crystallization sites, improve the connectivity between the inside of the pores and the branches, and make the heat transfer process of the system smoother. In addition, by using carbon nanotubes to carry paraffin, the leakage rate of paraffin can be significantly reduced, and the volume expansion during the solid-liquid phase change process is reduced to a certain extent. In addition, by increasing the doping amount of carbon nanotubes in the system, thermal properties such as heat transfer rate can be significantly improved.

[0043] The carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material is built into the dynamic balancing plate 30. During the operation of the rotor, iron loss and other losses generate a large amount of heat, which is transferred to the surroundings through heat conduction of the silicon steel sheet. The heat is conducted to the dynamic balancing plate 30, and the built-in carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material absorbs the heat. The heat is quickly discharged through the solid-liquid phase change and liquid-solid phase change processes. The carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material and the cooling method of the cross-flow channel in the rotor work together to significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency and effectively suppress the temperature rise.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the rotor core 10 is provided with a plurality of cooling channels 11, the rotating shaft 20 has an oil inlet 21, and the rotating shaft 20 is provided with a plurality of oil-swing holes, at least some of which are located near the oil inlet 21. The dynamic balancing plate 30 is provided with at least one oil passage 32, one end of which is connected to the oil-swing hole, and the other end of which is connected to the cooling channel 11. By providing the cooling channel 11 on the rotor core 10, the contact area between the cooling oil and the rotor core 10 is increased, directly cooling the rotor core 10, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. The plurality of oil-swing holes on the rotating shaft 20 are provided, and through the oil-swinging effect of the rotating shaft 20, the cooling oil is introduced from the oil inlet 21 and spun through the oil-swing holes into the oil passage 32 of the dynamic balancing plate 30, and then flows into the cooling channel 11 of the rotor core 10. The flow of the cooling oil removes heat, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cooling oil and the cooling efficiency, and reducing the consumption of pump work.

[0045] It should be noted that the specific design of the cooling channel 11 can take into account the width, depth and number of the channel to ensure that the cooling oil can be evenly distributed inside the rotor core 10 to avoid local overheating. The layout of the channel can also adopt special shapes, such as spiral, mesh, etc., to improve the flow state and further enhance the heat dissipation effect; the number and spacing of the oil-slinging holes can be set according to the number and setting position of the cooling channel 11 to ensure that the cooling oil thrown out by the oil-slinging holes enters the cooling channel 11 through the oil channel 32.

[0046] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the rotor core 10 includes multiple core segments 12, which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20. Each core segment 12 is provided with multiple flow channel segments 110, with the two flow channel segments 110 on two adjacent core segments 12 interconnected. The flow channel segments 110 on each core segment 12 are sequentially connected to form a cooling flow channel 11. By dividing the rotor core 10 into multiple core segments 12 and providing a flow channel segment 110 on each core segment 12, the contact area between the cooling oil and the rotor core 10 is increased, the flow path of the cooling oil is optimized, and thus the cooling efficiency is improved, achieving uniform cooling of the rotor core 10, reducing the overall temperature rise of the motor, and improving the thermal management performance of the motor.

[0047] It should be noted that the segmented structure of the rotor core 10, which is divided into multiple core segments 12 (i.e., multiple core segments 12 connected in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20), not only facilitates the manufacturing and assembly process but also provides more possibilities for rotor thermal management. For example, flow channel segments 110 of different sizes or shapes can be designed based on the heat generation of different segments, or additional cooling features can be integrated into certain core segments to improve overall cooling performance. Multiple flow channel segments 110 are provided on each core segment 12. The flow channel segments 110 are interconnected between adjacent core segments, forming a continuous cooling channel 11, allowing cooling oil to flow smoothly throughout the rotor core 10 without being restricted by breakpoints. In addition, the layout and shape of the flow channel segments 110 have a direct impact on the cooling effect. For example, the flow channel segments can be designed in a spiral, mesh, or other complex geometric shape to increase the contact area between the cooling oil and the core segments, improve the flow state, and thus improve heat dissipation efficiency. In addition, the flow channel section can be designed with gradually changing size (in a stepped or variable diameter shape) to better adapt to the temperature distribution of the core segment, or an enlarged flow channel section can be set in some areas with more severe heat generation to increase local cooling capacity.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, the two flow channel sections 110 on two adjacent core segments 12 are configured with the same aperture, and the two flow channel sections 110 on two adjacent core segments 12 are eccentrically configured. By adjusting the aperture and position of the flow channel sections 110, the flow state and distribution of the cooling oil are optimized, the cooling effect is improved, and a uniform distribution of the cooling oil inside the rotor core 10 is achieved, the turbulent effect of the cooling oil is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. In this embodiment, the flow channel sections 110 on two adjacent core segments 12 have the same aperture, but they are eccentrically configured relative to each other, thereby making the cooling channel 11 step-shaped, causing the cooling oil to generate turbulence when flowing through the cooling channel 11, increasing the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling oil and the rotor core 10, and at the same time avoiding the uneven fluid resistance caused by the aperture difference, ensuring the uniform distribution of the cooling oil.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present application, the two flow channel sections 110 on two adjacent core segments 12 are configured with different apertures, and the two flow channel sections 110 on the two adjacent core segments 12 are coaxially arranged. By setting different aperture sizes, the cooling flow channel 11 can also be arranged in a stepped manner. The difference in aperture size can control the flow distribution of cooling oil between different sections. For example, the core segment 12 with higher heat generation can be equipped with a flow channel section 110 with a larger aperture to increase the cooling capacity of this area; while the area with lower heat generation can be equipped with a flow channel section with a smaller aperture, thereby achieving the purpose of rationally distributing the cooling oil and optimizing the cooling effect.

[0050] It should be noted that designing each flow channel section 110 of the cooling flow channel 11 to be stepped or have different apertures can also optimize and improve the NVH (Noise Vibration Harshness) performance of the motor and reduce the vibration and noise generated when the cooling oil flows through the cooling flow channel 11.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the dynamic balancing plate 30 includes a first dynamic balancing plate 33 and a second dynamic balancing plate 34. The first dynamic balancing plate 33 is positioned near the oil inlet 21 and has multiple oil passages 32 defined on its side near the core segment 12. The second dynamic balancing plate 34 is positioned away from the oil inlet 21 and has multiple oil passages 32 defined on its side near the core segment 12. One end of the oil passage 32 communicates with the flow channel section 110 on the core segment 12. Oil-swing holes are provided at the junction of the rotating shaft 20 and the first and second dynamic balancing plates 33 and 34, communicating with the other ends of the oil passages 32. A dynamic balancing plate 30 is positioned at each end of the rotor core 10, and oil passages 32 are defined on both dynamic balancing plates 30. This allows both ends to simultaneously utilize the thermal buffer material on the dynamic balancing plates 30 to rapidly absorb and dissipate heat, improving the efficiency of cooling oil introduction. The thermal buffer material on the dynamic balancing plates 30 can quickly respond to local high temperatures, enhancing the thermal stability and reliability of the motor.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first dynamic balancing plate 33 is located at the oil inlet 21 near the rotating shaft 20, and a plurality of oil passages 32 are opened on one side thereof, which are intended to receive the cooling oil thrown out through the oil throwing hole and guide it into the flow channel section 110 of the rotor core segment 12, thereby realizing effective cooling of the rotor core 10 from the side close to the oil inlet 21 to the side away from the oil inlet 21; the second dynamic balancing plate 34 is set at a position away from the oil inlet 21, and a plurality of oil passages 32 are also provided on the side close to the core segment 12, which can realize cooling of the rotor core 10 from the side away from the oil inlet 21 to the side close to the oil inlet 21. The second dynamic balancing plate 34 can assist the cooling path to ensure that the cooling oil can be evenly distributed in the entire rotor core 10, avoiding cooling dead corners.

[0053] Specifically, if Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, each of the first and second dynamic balancing plates 33 and 34 is provided with a plurality of oil holes 35. One end of each oil hole 35 is connected to the cooling channel 11, and the other end of each oil hole 35 is connected to the external air gap. By connecting the other ends of the oil holes 35 on the first and second dynamic balancing plates 33 and 34 to the external air gap, the airflow generated during motor operation can be utilized to form natural or forced convection, helping to dissipate heat carried by the cooling oil into the environment, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the cooling system. The connection between the oil holes 35 and the external air gap also helps establish a temperature gradient management mechanism between the interior of the rotor core 10 and the external environment. Furthermore, the oil holes 35 are connected to the external air gap. The rotation of the shaft 20 drives the rotation of the rotor core 10, which in turn continues to throw cooling oil onto the stator assembly, thereby cooling the stator core and the windings within the stator teeth, thereby forming a multi-stage rotor-stator cooling mode.

[0054] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the multiple cooling channels 11 include a first cooling channel and a second cooling channel. One end of the first cooling channel is connected to the oil passage 32 on the first dynamic balancing plate 33, and the other end of the first cooling channel is connected to the external air gap through the oil hole 35 on the second dynamic balancing plate 34. One end of the second cooling channel is connected to the oil passage 32 on the second dynamic balancing plate 34, and the other end of the second cooling channel is connected to the external air gap through the oil hole 35 on the first dynamic balancing plate 33. By providing the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel, a multi-stage cooling path for the cooling oil is formed. The flow of the cooling oil removes the heat generated by the rotor core 10. At the same time, the connection with the external air gap promotes the circulation of the cooling oil, thereby improving the utilization rate and cooling efficiency of the cooling oil, reducing the consumption of pump power, and ensuring effective cooling of the motor rotor and stator ends.

[0055] It should be noted that the arrangement of the first and second cooling channels with opposite flow directions helps enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling channels, ensuring uniform cooling of the core segments 12. As the cooling oil alternates through the oil passages 32 and oil holes 35 of the two dynamic balancing plates 30, it effectively disperses the heat energy generated by the core segments 12, avoiding the formation of local hot spots, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and temperature control capabilities of the entire system. Simultaneously, the coordinated operation of the first and second dynamic balancing plates 33, 34 ensures sufficient flow of cooling oil within the core while also utilizing natural convection in the external air gap, achieving an optimized design for cooling oil circulation.

[0056] Specifically, the first cooling channel is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the oil passage 32 on the first dynamic balancing plate 33 and the oil-swing hole near the oil inlet 21; the second cooling channel is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the oil passage 32 on the second dynamic balancing plate 34 and the oil-swing hole away from the oil inlet 21. By providing a one-to-one correspondence between the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel and the oil-swing hole and the oil passage 32, the introduction and distribution of the cooling oil is optimized, uneven cooling caused by local accumulation of cooling oil is avoided, and the cooling oil is ensured to enter the cooling channel 11 evenly, thereby improving the cooling effect and achieving uniform distribution of the cooling oil within the rotor core 10, enhancing the turbulent effect of the cooling oil, and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0057] Furthermore, multiple first cooling channels are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating shaft 20, and / or multiple second cooling channels are spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating shaft 20, wherein the first cooling channels are spaced apart from the second cooling channels and the first cooling channels and the second cooling channels are arranged alternately. By arranging the first cooling channels and the second cooling channels at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft 20, a multi-stage cooling path for the cooling oil is formed, and the flow of the cooling oil is used to remove heat generated by the rotor core 10. At the same time, the alternating arrangement avoids excessive concentration of cooling oil in certain areas of the rotor core 10, achieving uniform cooling.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, four oil-slinging holes are provided near the oil inlet 21, evenly distributed about the circumference of the shaft 20. These holes correspond to the four oil passages 32 on the dynamic balancing plate 30 and the four first cooling channels on the rotor core 10. Four oil-slinging holes are also provided at the end away from the oil inlet 21, evenly distributed about the circumference of the shaft 20. These holes correspond to the four oil passages 32 on the dynamic balancing plate 30 and the four second cooling channels on the rotor core 10. The oil-slinging holes near the oil inlet 21 and those away from the oil inlet 21 are positioned 45° apart. This ensures that the eight cooling channels on the rotor core 10 are positioned 45° apart about the circumference of the shaft 20 (i.e., the circumferential angles of the first cooling channels and the second cooling channels differ by 45°), thus ensuring uniform cooling of the rotor core 10.

[0059] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising a motor, wherein the motor is the motor described in the above embodiment. The motor is applied to the vehicle's power system, thereby optimizing the motor's cooling efficiency to improve the vehicle's range and power performance. This allows the motor to maintain a suitable operating temperature during high-speed driving or under heavy load conditions, thereby increasing the motor's efficiency and lifespan, and also enhancing the vehicle's overall performance and driving experience.

[0060] The present application also provides a preferred embodiment of a motor, which is a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor. The motor includes a rotor core 10 and a rotating shaft 20 .

[0061] Specifically, a cooling oil passage is opened inside the rotating shaft 20 of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor, and symmetrical oil-slinging holes are set at both ends of the rotating shaft 20 so as to use the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 20 to introduce the cooling oil into the rotor core 10. Figure 2 As shown, the rotating shaft 20 includes an oil inlet 21, and four circular symmetrical oil-swing holes are opened near the oil inlet 21, with the angle between two adjacent holes being 90°. Four circular symmetrical oil-swing holes are opened away from the oil inlet 21, with the angle between two adjacent holes being 90°. The oil-swing holes near the oil inlet 21 and those away from the oil inlet 21 differ in their opening positions by 45°. By setting the rotating shaft 20, the consumption of the oil pump power can be effectively reduced, and the oil can be spun by utilizing the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft.

[0062] The cooling channel 11 inside the rotor core 10 is designed in a segmented structure. Figure 1 As shown, the first dynamic balancing plate 33 and the second dynamic balancing plate 34 are arranged on both sides of the rotor core 10. The rotor core is divided into multiple core segments 12. The core segments 12 are provided with flow channel segments 110. The multiple flow channel segments 110 form a cooling flow channel 11. By adjusting the longitudinal position of the core segment 12, the multiple flow channel segments 110 can be set to a stepped shape, thereby forming a stepped cooling flow channel 11. By designing the stepped cooling flow channel 11 of the rotor core 10, the cooling flow channel 11 is optimized, and the cooling efficiency is significantly improved by increasing the cooling area and flow state of the cooling oil, and the NVH performance of the motor can be effectively improved.

[0063] The dynamic balance plate 30 is provided with a cavity 300 for accommodating the phase change material. The cavity 300 has the characteristics of strong sealing and sufficient space to meet the volume expansion of the solid-liquid phase change. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, a receiving cavity 300 is opened according to the oil inlet characteristics of the dynamic balancing plate 30. According to the structure of the dynamic balancing plate 30, and without affecting the static balance and dynamic balance of the dynamic balancing plate 30, receiving cavities 300 of different sizes are opened at different positions to meet the demand for rapid local heat transfer.

[0064] The phase change material is a carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material. By improving its framework design, preparation process and pretreatment, it can have more beneficial effects on the system construction.

[0065] The principle of cooling the rotor system by using phase change materials in this embodiment is as follows:

[0066] The oil supply system precisely adjusts the amount of oil to enter the rotating shaft 20 through the oil inlet 21 and fill the entire inner cavity, thereby cooling the rotating shaft 20 and reducing the temperature of the rotating shaft 20. Due to the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 20, the cooling oil is thrown into the oil passage 32 of the first dynamic balancing plate 33 and the second dynamic balancing plate 34 through the oil throwing holes near the oil inlet 21 and away from the oil inlet 21. Part of the heat of the cooling oil is transferred to the dynamic balancing plate 30 by heat convection. The dynamic balancing plate 30 is heat-conducted to the built-in carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material accommodating cavity 300, and part of the heat is transferred through the phase change process of the carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material. The stepped shape of the cooling channel 11 of the rotor core 10 can change the flow state of the cooling oil to enhance heat conduction, while effectively increasing the contact area between the cooling oil and the rotor core 10 for efficient heat transfer. The cooling channel 11 can effectively improve the heat dissipation capacity of the rotor. The carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material within the first and second dynamic balancing plates 33, 34 addresses the problem of heat accumulation caused by insufficient localized heat dissipation. Heat is conducted into the carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material through the thermal conduction of the dynamic balancing plate 30. Heat is then transferred through the solid-liquid-solid phase change process of the carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material. The structural characteristics of the carbon nanotubes ensure efficient heat transfer during the phase change process and minimize volume change during the solid-liquid phase change process, preventing the dynamic balancing plates from cracking due to volume expansion. Cooling oil flowing through the cooling channel 11 is thrown onto the end windings of the motor stator under the rotational and centrifugal forces of the rotor, cooling the end windings. The cooled cooling oil, due to its physical properties, gathers together and falls to the bearings under the action of gravity, providing lubrication and cooling.

[0067] It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0068] 1) The design of the segmented cooling channel 11 increases the cooling area of ​​the cooling oil and improves the cooling efficiency; by building phase change material into the dynamic balancing plate 30 to accelerate the heat dissipation, the heat dissipation efficiency of the rotor is improved, and the thermal limit capacity of the motor is further improved.

[0069] 2) The multi-stage cooling mode of the shaft-rotor core-winding reduces the power loss of the pump.

[0070] 3) The oil injection structure of the stator tooth end winding is reduced, which reduces the complexity of the overall structure; the built-in phase change material increases the cooling effect without the need for additional cooling devices.

[0071] 4) Reduces the risk of permanent magnet demagnetization caused by excessive temperature rise and extends the life of the motor.

[0072] 5) The cross-flow structure of the rotor core 10 reduces the mass of the silicon steel sheets; a cavity 300 containing phase change material is provided in the dynamic balancing plate 30 to reduce the weight.

[0073] The average temperature curve of the rotor after optimization through calculation data analysis is as follows Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the average temperature of the rotor after optimization is lower than the average temperature rise of the rotor before optimization.

[0074] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0075] In addition to the above, it should be noted that references to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," and the like in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment as included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic, when implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0076] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0077] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor, characterized in that: include: a rotor core (10); A rotating shaft (20), the rotating shaft (20) being inserted into the rotor core (10); A dynamic balancing plate (30), wherein there is at least one dynamic balancing plate (30), and along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (20), at least one dynamic balancing plate (30) is closely connected to the rotor core (10); The dynamic balancing plate (30) has a receiving cavity (300), and a heat buffer material is provided in the receiving cavity (300).

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal buffer material is a carbon nanotube / paraffin phase change composite material.

3. The motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The rotor core (10) is provided with a plurality of cooling channels (11), the rotating shaft (20) has an oil inlet (21), the rotating shaft (20) is provided with a plurality of oil-swinging holes, at least some of the oil-swinging holes are arranged close to the oil inlet (21), and the dynamic balancing plate (30) is provided with at least one oil passage (32), one end of the oil passage (32) is communicated with the oil-swinging hole, and the other end of the oil passage (32) is communicated with the cooling channel (11).

4. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that The rotor core (10) includes a plurality of core segments (12), and the plurality of core segments (12) are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (20), wherein each core segment (12) is provided with a plurality of flow channel segments (110), and the two flow channel segments (110) on two adjacent core segments (12) are connected to each other, and the flow channel segments (110) on each core segment (12) are connected in sequence to form the cooling flow channel (11).

5. The motor according to claim 4, characterized in that The two flow channel sections (110) on two adjacent core sections (12) are arranged with the same aperture, and the two flow channel sections (110) on two adjacent core sections (12) are arranged eccentrically; or, The two flow channel sections (110) on two adjacent core sections (12) are arranged with different apertures, and the two flow channel sections (110) on two adjacent core sections (12) are arranged coaxially.

6. The motor according to claim 4, characterized in that The dynamic balancing plate (30) comprises: a first dynamic balancing plate (33), the first dynamic balancing plate (33) being arranged close to the oil inlet (21), and a plurality of the oil passages (32) being provided on a side of the first dynamic balancing plate (33) close to the core segment (12); a second dynamic balancing plate (34), the second dynamic balancing plate (34) being arranged away from the oil inlet (21), and a plurality of the oil passages (32) being provided on a side of the second dynamic balancing plate (34) close to the core segment (12); One end of the oil passage (32) is connected to the flow channel section (110) on the core section (12), and the oil-swinging hole is provided at the connection between the rotating shaft (20) and the first dynamic balancing plate (33) and the second dynamic balancing plate (34), and the oil-swinging hole is connected to the other end of the oil passage (32).

7. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that A plurality of oil holes (35) are provided on the first dynamic balancing plate (33) and the second dynamic balancing plate (34), one end of the oil hole (35) is communicated with the cooling channel (11), and the other end of the oil hole (35) is communicated with an external air gap.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that The plurality of cooling channels (11) include: a first cooling channel, one end of the first cooling channel being in communication with the oil passage (32) on the first dynamic balancing plate (33), and the other end of the first cooling channel being in communication with the external air gap through the oil hole (35) on the second dynamic balancing plate (34); A second cooling channel, one end of the second cooling channel is connected to the oil passage (32) on the second dynamic balancing plate (34), and the other end of the second cooling channel is connected to the external air gap through the oil hole (35) on the first dynamic balancing plate (33).

9. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that The first cooling channel is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the oil passage (32) on the first dynamic balancing plate (33) and the oil-swing hole close to the oil inlet (21); the second cooling channel is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the oil passage (32) on the second dynamic balancing plate (34) and the oil-swing hole away from the oil inlet (21).

10. The motor according to claim 8, characterized in that A plurality of the first cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft (20), and / or a plurality of the second cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft (20), wherein the first cooling channels are arranged at a distance from the second cooling channels, and the first cooling channels and the second cooling channels are arranged alternately.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle has a motor, and the motor is the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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