Drilling rig for geological exploration

Abstract

The invention provides a drilling rig for geological exploration, and relates to the technical field of drilling, the drilling rig comprises a motor mounted on a lifting frame, the extending end of the motor is connected to an inner rod, an outer wheel is coaxially arranged outside the inner rod, a plurality of fixing rods are arranged at the upper end of the outer wheel at equal intervals, and the fixing rods are connected to the inner rod. The drilling device has the most prominent advantage that the drilling device has a unique anti-jamming protection mechanism, when a sampling pipe is jammed by a hard stratum or foreign matters in the drilling process, the sampling pipe can be prevented from being blocked by the anti-jamming protection mechanism, and the sampling pipe can be prevented from being blocked by the anti-jamming protection mechanism, so that the sampling pipe can be prevented from being blocked by the anti-jamming protection mechanism. Power transmission between the motor and the sampling pipe is not rigid connection any more, controlled separation is achieved through a designed combination of a gear system and a friction disc, the motor continues to operate, but not all torque is directly transmitted to the clamped sampling pipe, part of energy is converted into surrounding motion through a rotating wheel system, and therefore the sampling pipe can be separated. And the risk of burnout of the motor due to overload is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drilling technology, and more particularly to a drilling device for geological exploration. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern geological exploration, drilling equipment is widely used as a core tool in many fields such as mineral resource exploration, engineering geological survey, and hydrogeological survey. However, traditional drilling equipment faces a prominent technical defect in actual operation: a rigid connection structure is used between the sampling tube and the motor. Although this connection method is direct and effective in transmitting power, it lacks the necessary buffer mechanism. When encountering hard rock formations, complex geological structures or foreign objects during the drilling process, the sampling tube is very likely to get stuck. Due to the characteristics of the rigid connection, this sudden resistance will be directly transmitted to the motor system, causing the motor to instantly withstand torque and stress far exceeding its design load. Long-term practice has shown that in this case, the motor often runs overloaded and the temperature rises sharply, which eventually leads to serious consequences such as winding burning, bearing damage, and even the entire motor being scrapped. This not only causes frequent damage to the equipment and high maintenance costs, but also greatly reduces the continuity and efficiency of the exploration work.

[0003] The safety hazards brought about by this technical defect cannot be ignored. When the motor fails due to overload, it is often accompanied by an unstable state of the electrical system. In a field survey environment, this may cause electrical fires or electric shock accidents, directly threatening the personal safety of on-site workers. At the same time, sudden failure of the motor may cause the drilling equipment to lose control, resulting in chain reactions such as drill pipe breakage and drill bit damage, further increasing safety risks. In addition, frequent equipment failures not only prolong the survey cycle, but may also lead to a decline in sampling quality, affecting the accuracy and reliability of subsequent geological data analysis. In some key engineering geological survey projects, such problems may cause more serious engineering safety hazards, such as inaccurate foundation stability assessment and misjudgment of tunnel construction risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a drilling device for geological survey to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a drilling device for geological survey, comprising a fixed frame and a lifting frame slidably connected to the fixed frame; further comprising a connecting mechanism, wherein the connecting mechanism comprises a motor mounted on the lifting frame, the protruding end of the motor is connected to an internal rod, the outer coaxial end of the internal rod is provided with an external wheel, the upper end of the external wheel is provided with a plurality of fixed rods at equal intervals, a plurality of fixed rods are slidably provided with a plurality of fixed disks, a plurality of corresponding internal disks are coaxially provided in the plurality of fixed disks, the plurality of internal disks are respectively provided with internal grooves, the internal grooves are slidably connected to the internal rod, the plurality of fixed disks and the plurality of internal disks are respectively in the same plane, and a plurality of friction disks are respectively fitted on the upper and lower ends of the plurality of fixed disks and the plurality of internal disks; further comprising a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a steel wheel and a flexible wheel arranged coaxially with the outer wheel, and the flexible wheel is located inside the steel wheel.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting mechanism further comprises an intermediate rod connected to the plurality of friction discs, a top disc is mounted on the lower end of the plurality of intermediate rods, and the top disc and the outer wheel are coaxially arranged.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of follow-up rods are provided at the lower end of the top plate, and a bottom plate is installed at the lower ends of the plurality of follow-up rods, a follow-up wheel is rotatably installed on each of the follow-up rods, an external gear is coaxially installed on the inner wall of the external wheel, and the plurality of follow-up wheels are respectively engaged with the external gear.

[0008] Preferably, an inner wheel is coaxially provided at the lower end of the inner rod, the inner wheel is respectively engaged in a plurality of the follower wheels, and a thrust bearing is provided at the lower end of the inner wheel.

[0009] Preferably, a fitting disk is coaxially mounted on the lower end of the outer wheel, a sampling tube is mounted on the fitting disk, a bottom bolt passes through the fitting disk and is threadedly connected to the outer wheel, and the thrust bearing abuts against the fitting disk.

[0010] Preferably, nuts are threaded on the plurality of intermediate rods, the nuts are pressed on the friction disc, the friction disc is pressed on the fixed disc and the inner disc on the same plane, and the area of ​​the friction disc attached to the fixed disc is larger than the area attached to the inner disc.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting mechanism further comprises a plurality of top blocks installed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the steel wheel, and a plurality of follower blocks corresponding to the top blocks are installed on the outer wall of the flexible wheel.

[0012] Preferably, inner hollow grooves are respectively formed on the outer wall of the steel wheel and the inner wall of the flexible pulley, and a plurality of the inner hollow grooves are respectively located on the other side of the follower block and the top block.

[0013] Preferably, the steel wheel is sleeved on multiple fixed rods, the flexible wheel is sleeved on multiple intermediate rods, and the flexible wheel is fitted on multiple nuts, each of the fixed rods is threaded with an external bolt, the external bolt is pressed on the steel wheel, and each of the intermediate rods is threaded with an intermediate bolt, the intermediate bolt is pressed on the flexible wheel.

[0014] Preferably, two hydraulic cylinders are provided on the fixing frame, and the hydraulic cylinders are connected to the lifting frame.

[0015] (3) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a drilling device for geological exploration, which has the following beneficial effects: The most outstanding advantage of this drilling device is its unique anti-stuck protection mechanism. When the sampling tube is stuck due to hard formations or foreign objects during drilling, the device can automatically start the protection mode. At this time, the power transmission between the motor and the sampling tube is no longer a rigid connection, but a controlled separation is achieved through the designed gear system and friction disc combination. The motor continues to run but does not transmit all the torque directly to the stuck sampling tube. Instead, it converts part of the energy into circular motion through the follower wheel system, effectively avoiding the risk of the motor burning out due to overload. This intelligent protection mechanism extends the service life of the motor and reduces the frequency and cost of equipment maintenance.

[0016] The device adopts a stacked structure of multiple layers of friction discs, internal discs and fixed discs. The friction force of the system can be controlled by adjusting the pressure of the nut. This design enables operators to flexibly adjust the working state of the transmission system according to different geological conditions and drilling requirements. During normal drilling, sufficient friction ensures efficient power transmission; and when encountering abnormal resistance, the preset friction upper limit can ensure timely sliding protection of the system. More importantly, this friction amplification design enables sufficient friction to be generated even under relatively low pressure, which not only ensures drilling efficiency but also reduces the mechanical stress of various components of the system.

[0017] The limiting mechanism composed of the steel wheel and flexible wheel in the device provides a second level of protection. When the system rotates relative to the sampling tube due to the jamming of the sampling tube, the follower block on the flexible wheel interacts with the top block on the steel wheel, causing the flexible wheel to deform in a controlled manner. This deformation can not only absorb part of the impact energy, but also provide additional torque at the appropriate time to help the system overcome temporary resistance. At the same time, the internal hollow groove design provides the necessary space for deformation, ensuring that the system can maintain structural integrity under extreme conditions. This elastic limiting design significantly improves the adaptability and safety of the device under complex geological conditions.

[0018] The high-mass design of the outer wheel provides the system with a high moment of inertia, which has multiple advantages during the drilling process. First, the high moment of inertia can smooth out torque fluctuations during drilling, reduce jitter in the sampling tube, and improve drilling accuracy and sample quality. Second, when encountering small obstacles, this moment of inertia can help the sampling tube overcome temporary resistance and maintain drilling continuity. In addition, the high-inertia system can also reduce the start and stop frequency of the motor, reducing the peak power demand of the motor, further protecting the motor and extending its service life.

[0019] The device achieves efficient and accurate torque transmission through the precise meshing of the inner wheel, the follower wheel and the outer gear. Under normal working conditions, the three work together to ensure that the power of the motor is efficiently transmitted to the sampling tube; under abnormal conditions, this meshing structure can convert part of the torque into the circular motion of the follower wheel, avoiding the concentration of all torque on the motor shaft. The setting of the thrust bearing further optimizes the distribution of axial force and reduces the wear of various components of the system. This precise torque control not only improves drilling efficiency, but also significantly enhances the durability and reliability of the equipment.

[0020] In summary, this drilling device for geological exploration has successfully solved the safety hazards in traditional drilling equipment through innovative mechanical transmission design, significantly improved the reliability, adaptability and service life of the equipment, and provided safer and more efficient technical support for geological exploration work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drilling device for geological exploration in the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the outer wheel and the bonding disc in the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the outer wheel and the steel wheel in the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the steel wheel and the flexible wheel in the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the outer wheel, friction disc and inner disc in the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the external wheel in the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the exploded cross-sectional structure of the outer wheel in the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the follower wheel in the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the external wheel and the external gear in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 11, fixed frame; 12, lifting frame; 21, motor; 22, inner rod; 23, outer wheel; 24, fixed rod; 25, fixed disk; 26, inner disk; 27, inner groove; 28, friction disk; 29, intermediate rod; 31, steel wheel; 32, flexible wheel; 33, top block; 34, follower block; 35, inner hollow groove; 36, outer bolt; 37, intermediate bolt; 41, hydraulic cylinder; 210, top disk; 211, follower rod; 212, bottom disk; 213, follower wheel; 214, outer gear; 215, inner wheel; 216, thrust bearing; 217, fitting disk; 218, sampling tube; 219, bottom bolt; 220, nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0025] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directions such as "up" and "down" are generally used with respect to the directions shown in the drawings, or with respect to the vertical, perpendicular or gravity directions; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" are generally used with respect to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself, but the above-mentioned directions are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 9A drilling device for geological exploration includes a fixed frame 11 and a lifting frame 12 slidably connected to the fixed frame 11; it also includes a connecting mechanism, the connecting mechanism includes a motor 21 installed on the lifting frame 12, the protruding end of the motor 21 is connected to the internal rod 22, the external coaxial center of the internal rod 22 is provided with an external wheel 23, the upper end of the external wheel 23 is provided with a plurality of fixed rods 24 at equal intervals, a plurality of fixed rods 24 are slidably provided with a plurality of fixed disks 25, a plurality of corresponding internal disks 26 are coaxially provided in the plurality of fixed disks 25, the plurality of internal disks 26 are respectively provided with internal grooves 27, the internal grooves 27 are slidably connected to the internal rod 22, the plurality of fixed disks 25 and the plurality of internal disks 26 are respectively in the same plane, and the upper and lower ends of the plurality of fixed disks 25 and the plurality of internal disks 26 are respectively fitted with a plurality of friction disks 28, the connecting mechanism also includes an intermediate rod 29 connected to the plurality of friction disks 28, The lower ends of the plurality of intermediate rods 29 are mounted with a top plate 210, and the top plate 210 and the outer wheel 23 are arranged coaxially. The lower end of the top plate 210 is provided with a plurality of rotating rods 211, and the lower ends of the plurality of rotating rods 211 are mounted with a bottom plate 212. Each rotating rod 211 is rotatably mounted with a rotating wheel 213. An outer gear 214 is coaxially mounted on the inner wall of the outer wheel 23, and the plurality of rotating wheels 213 are respectively engaged with the outer gear 214. On the upper side, an inner wheel 215 is coaxially provided at the lower end of the inner rod 22, and the inner wheel 215 is respectively engaged in a plurality of rotating wheels 213. A thrust bearing 216 is provided at the lower end of the inner wheel 215, and a fitting disk 217 is coaxially fitted on the lower end of the outer wheel 23. A sampling tube 218 is installed on the fitting disk 217, and a bottom bolt 219 passes through the fitting disk 217 and is threadedly connected to the outer wheel 23, and the thrust bearing 216 abuts against the fitting disk 217.

[0027] During geological drilling, the sampling tube 218 can be driven to rotate by the motor 21 and the sampling tube 218 can be driven to move toward the lower end by the hydraulic cylinder 41 to perform sampling. During normal rotation, the rotation speeds of the sampling tube 218, the outer wheel 23 and the motor 21 are the same, and the larger mass of the outer wheel 23 can also provide a higher moment of inertia. When the sampling tube 218 is stuck, the sampling tube 218 stops rotating, and the motor 21 drives the inner wheel 215 to rotate, and the inner wheel 215 drives the rotating wheel 213 to rotate along the outer wheel 23, thereby idling, thereby avoiding burning of the motor 21.

[0028] When the sampling tube 218 is stuck, the sampling tube 218 stops rotating, so the outer wheel 23 and the outer gear 214 also stop rotating, and then the inner wheel 215 will continue to rotate. At this time, since the inner wheel 215 rotates and the outer gear 214 is in a fixed state, and the inner wheel 215 is engaged with multiple follower wheels 213, and the follower wheels 213 are engaged with multiple outer gears 214, the outer gear 214 fixes the inner wheel 215 to rotate, and now the multiple follower wheels 213 will rotate around the outer gear 214. Since the multiple follower rods 211 are connected to the follower wheels 213, they will drive the multiple follower rods 211 to rotate along the axis. Since the multiple intermediate rods 29 are respectively slidably mounted with multiple friction discs 28, and the multiple friction discs 28 are respectively It is pressed on the inner disk 26 and the fixed disk 25, so first the friction disk 28 will rotate with the fixed disk 25, and will also rotate relative to the inner disk 26. The rotation speed of the inner disk 26 is greater than the rotation speed of the friction disk 28. The friction disk 28 can simultaneously apply friction to the inner disk 26 and the fixed disk 25, and due to the stacking friction of multiple friction disks 28, the inner disk 26 and the fixed disk 25, the friction force is multiplied. At this time, only a small pressure is needed to generate a large friction force to ensure the rotation of the sample. When it is stuck, the torque exceeds the sum of the friction forces of the two, then rotation will occur, avoiding burning, and the fixing force of the nut 220 can be conveniently adjusted by a torque wrench, thereby ensuring the convenience of adjustment.

[0029] The limiting mechanism includes a steel wheel 31 and a flexible wheel 32 arranged coaxially with the outer wheel 23. The flexible wheel 32 is inside the steel wheel 31. Nuts 220 are respectively threaded on multiple intermediate rods 29. The nuts 220 press on the friction disc 28. The friction disc 28 presses on the fixed disc 25 and the inner disc 26 on the same plane, and the area of ​​the friction disc 28 attached to the fixed disc 25 is larger than the area attached to the inner disc 26. The limiting mechanism also includes multiple top blocks 33 installed on the inner wall of the steel wheel 31 at equal intervals, and multiple follower blocks 34 corresponding to the top blocks 33 are installed on the outer wall of the flexible wheel 32. The outer wall of the steel wheel 31 is provided with a plurality of follower blocks 34 corresponding to the top blocks 33. Inner hollow grooves 35 are respectively opened on the inner wall of the wall and the flexible wheel 32, and multiple inner hollow grooves 35 are respectively located on the other side of the follower block 34 and the top block 33. The steel wheel 31 is sleeved on multiple fixed rods 24, and the flexible wheel 32 is sleeved on multiple intermediate rods 29, and the flexible wheel 32 fits on multiple nuts 220. Each fixed rod 24 is threaded with an external bolt 36, and the external bolt 36 is pressed on the steel wheel 31. Each intermediate rod 29 is threaded with an intermediate bolt 37, and the intermediate bolt 37 is pressed on the flexible wheel 32. Two hydraulic cylinders 41 are provided on the fixed frame 11, and the hydraulic cylinder 41 is connected to the lifting frame 12.

[0030] When the flexible wheel 32 is stuck and rotates relative to each other, the flexible wheel 32 will rotate accordingly, but the steel wheel 31 will not rotate. As the flexible wheel 32 rotates, the multiple follower blocks 34 on the flexible wheel 32 will press on the top block 33, and then the flexible wheel 32 will shrink inward along the corresponding inner groove 35. The position of the inner groove 35 of the steel wheel 31 will shrink very little, thereby providing a secondary rotation torque. When the total torque of the jam exceeds the friction force and the deformation force of the top block 33 and the follower block 34, self-rotation will occur, avoiding damage.

[0031] In all the schemes mentioned above, the connection between the two parts can be selected according to actual conditions by welding, bolt and nut connection, bolt or screw connection or other well-known connection methods, which will not be described here one by one. In the above, all fixed connections are preferably considered to be welding. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it can be understood by ordinary technicians in this field that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drilling device for geological exploration, comprising a fixed frame (11) and a lifting frame (12) slidably connected to the fixed frame (11); wherein: The invention also includes a connecting mechanism, wherein the connecting mechanism includes a motor (21) mounted on the lifting frame (12), the protruding end of the motor (21) is connected to the internal rod (22), the external coaxial portion of the internal rod (22) is provided with an external wheel (23), the upper end of the external wheel (23) is provided with a plurality of fixed rods (24) at equal intervals, a plurality of fixed disks (25) are slidably provided on the plurality of fixed rods (24), a plurality of corresponding internal disks (26) are provided coaxially within the plurality of fixed disks (25), and the plurality of internal disks (26) are divided into An internal groove (27) is separately provided, and the internal groove (27) is slidably connected to the internal rod (22), and the plurality of fixed disks (25) and the plurality of internal disks (26) are respectively located in the same plane, and the upper and lower ends of the plurality of fixed disks (25) and the plurality of internal disks (26) are respectively fitted with a plurality of friction disks (28); and a limiting mechanism is also included, and the limiting mechanism includes a steel wheel (31) and a flexible wheel (32) arranged coaxially with the external wheel (23), and the flexible wheel (32) is located inside the steel wheel (31).

2. A drilling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism further comprises an intermediate rod (29) connected to the plurality of friction discs (28), a top disc (210) being mounted on the lower ends of the plurality of intermediate rods (29), and the top disc (210) and the outer wheel (23) being coaxially arranged.

3. A drilling device for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of rotating rods (211) are provided at the lower end of the top plate (210), and a bottom plate (212) is installed at the lower ends of the plurality of rotating rods (211). A rotating wheel (213) is rotatably installed on each of the rotating rods (211). An external gear (214) is coaxially installed on the inner wall of the external wheel (23), and the plurality of rotating wheels (213) are respectively meshed with the external gear (214).

4. A geological exploration drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inner wheel (215) is coaxially provided at the lower end of the inner rod (22), and the inner wheel (215) is respectively engaged in a plurality of the following wheels (213). A thrust bearing (216) is provided at the lower end of the inner wheel (215).

5. A geological exploration drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fitting disc (217) is coaxially fitted on the lower end of the outer wheel (23), a sampling tube (218) is mounted on the fitting disc (217), a bottom bolt (219) passes through the fitting disc (217) and is threadedly connected to the inner portion of the outer wheel (23), and the thrust bearing (216) abuts against the fitting disc (217).

6. A drilling device for geological exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: Nuts (220) are respectively threadedly provided on the plurality of intermediate rods (29), and the nuts (220) are pressed on the friction disc (28). The friction disc (28) is pressed on the fixed disc (25) and the inner disc (26) which are on the same plane, and the area of ​​the friction disc (28) attached to the fixed disc (25) is larger than the area attached to the inner disc (26).

7. The drilling device for geological exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism further comprises a plurality of top blocks (33) mounted at equal intervals on the inner wall of the steel wheel (31), and a plurality of follower blocks (34) corresponding to the top blocks (33) are mounted on the outer wall of the flexible wheel (32).

8. The drilling device for geological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: Inner hollow grooves (35) are respectively formed on the outer wall of the steel wheel (31) and the inner wall of the flexible wheel (32), and a plurality of the inner hollow grooves (35) are respectively located on the other side of the follower block (34) and the top block (33).

9. The geological exploration drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steel wheel (31) is sleeved on a plurality of the fixed rods (24), the flexible wheel (32) is sleeved on a plurality of the intermediate rods (29), and the flexible wheel (32) is fitted on a plurality of the nuts (220), each of the fixed rods (24) is threaded with an external bolt (36), and the external bolt (36) is pressed on the steel wheel (31), and each of the intermediate rods (29) is threaded with an intermediate bolt (37), and the intermediate bolt (37) is pressed on the flexible wheel (32).

10. The drilling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two hydraulic cylinders (41) are provided on the fixed frame (11), and the hydraulic cylinders (41) are connected to the lifting frame (12).

Images