Intelligent irrigation system for producing water from air

Abstract

The intelligent irrigation system comprises an energy supply assembly, an air compression pipeline, an underground temperature difference condensation assembly, an underground water storage tank, a soil multi-parameter sensor, a nutrition dynamic blending assembly, a multi-stage watering pipeline and an Internet of Things control terminal. According to the system, wind energy and solar energy are combined for energy supply, air is driven to enter a temperature difference condensation assembly below an underground frozen soil layer after being pretreated through a compression pipeline, and moisture in the air is efficiently condensed through underground low temperature and a phase change heat storage material and stored in an underground water storage tank. The soil multi-parameter sensor detects the humidity and the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in real time, the nutrient dynamic blending assembly precisely blends a nutrient solution through the micro-metering pump set and the ultrasonic mixing and dissolving device according to detection data, and precise irrigation of plant roots is achieved through the multi-stage watering pipeline. The Internet of Things terminal dynamically regulates and controls the whole process, adapts to complex environments such as drought and cold environments, does not need to depend on traditional water sources and power grids, and improves the utilization efficiency of water resources and nutrients.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and in particular to an air water intelligent irrigation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In agricultural production and greening maintenance, irrigation is a key link to ensure plant growth. Traditional irrigation mainly relies on groundwater, rivers or municipal water supply. In arid and semi-arid areas, water resource shortage is particularly prominent, and overexploitation of groundwater will also lead to deterioration of ecological environment. At the same time, traditional irrigation mostly adopts extensive water supply, and the utilization rate of water resources is low, and the application of fertilizers relies on manual experience, which is easy to cause nutrient imbalance or waste, which not only affects plant growth, but also may cause soil compaction, water body eutrophication and other environmental problems.

[0003] Although the existing air water technology can convert water in the air into liquid water, its equipment mostly relies on power grid power supply, has high energy consumption, and the water production efficiency is greatly affected by environmental temperature and humidity, which is difficult to be stably applied to agricultural irrigation. In addition, although the existing intelligent irrigation system is equipped with soil sensors, the nutrient allocation is mostly fixed proportion, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time demand of plants, and the air water technology has not been deeply integrated, which still needs external water source support.

[0004] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to develop an intelligent irrigation system which does not need to rely on traditional water source, is energy self-sufficient, and can dynamically regulate and control water and fertilizer supply, so as to solve the irrigation problem in arid areas and improve the resource utilization efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0006] To this end, one object of the present application is to provide an air water intelligent irrigation system, which adopts wind energy and solar energy composite energy supply without power grid, is suitable for remote areas and reduces carbon; combines underground temperature difference, phase change material and the like to improve air condensation efficiency and quality; realizes accurate nutrient proportioning by means of sensors, metering pumps and the like; reduces cost by dynamic regulation and control of Internet of Things, and parts are corrosion resistant and anti-freezing, which are suitable for complex environment.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present application proposes an air water intelligent irrigation system, comprising an energy supply assembly, an air compression pipeline, an underground temperature difference condensation assembly, an underground water storage tank, a soil multi-parameter sensor, a nutrient dynamic allocation assembly, a multi-stage irrigation pipeline and an Internet of Things control terminal, wherein the energy supply assembly is arranged above the ground surface and is configured to utilize wind energy and solar energy for composite energy supply, and an output end thereof is connected to an air inlet of the air compression pipeline through a corrosion-resistant gas conveying pipe; the air compression pipeline extends downward from the ground surface, and an electrostatic dust removal module is arranged in the pipeline downstream of the air inlet, a vortex refrigeration sheet is attached to an outer wall of a middle section, and a terminal end is connected to a top air inlet cavity of the underground temperature difference condensation assembly; the underground temperature difference condensation assembly is buried below the underground frozen soil layer and comprises a plurality of layers of spiral condensing pipes coiled in a heat preservation shell, a pipe wall is covered with a hydrophilic coating, a phase change heat storage material layer is filled between an outer wall of the heat preservation shell and the soil, a bottom condensing chamber is provided with a flow guide slope with a slope of ≥5°, and a flow guide pipe with a built-in one-way check valve is connected perpendicularly to a water inlet of the underground water storage tank; the underground water storage tank is buried below the depth of plant root systems, is provided with a water level monitoring device, and a water outlet thereof is connected to a water inlet end of the nutrient dynamic allocation assembly through a booster water pump; the soil multi-parameter sensor comprises at least one set of detection probes, the detection probes are attached to a main pipe of the multi-stage irrigation pipeline and embedded in the soil around the plant root systems, and are configured to detect soil humidity and concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ions in real time; a regulation and control end of the nutrient dynamic allocation assembly is electrically connected to the soil multi-parameter sensor, comprises nutrient solution storage chambers separated into nitrogen source chambers, phosphorus source chambers and potassium source chambers, a micro-metering pump group for controlling injection proportions of the chambers according to sensor feedback data, and an ultrasonic mixing device is arranged in a mixing chamber, and a mixed outlet thereof is connected to the main pipe of the multi-stage irrigation pipeline through a flow divider valve; the multi-stage irrigation pipeline is composed of the main pipe and a plurality of terminal capillary branch pipes extending radially to the core area of the plant root systems; and the Internet of Things control terminal remotely connects the soil multi-parameter sensor and the nutrient dynamic allocation assembly through a wireless transceiver module, and is internally provided with an irrigation strategy algorithm for automatically adjusting humidity and nutrient threshold values according to plant types.

[0008] According to the air water intelligent irrigation system of the present application, wind energy and solar energy are used for composite energy supply, no power grid is needed, and the system is suitable for remote areas and reduces carbon; the underground temperature difference and phase change materials are used to improve air condensation efficiency and quality; sensors and metering pumps are used to realize accurate nutrient proportioning; the Internet of Things dynamically controls costs, components are corrosion-resistant and anti-frozen, and the system is suitable for complex environments.

[0009] In addition, the air water intelligent irrigation system according to the present application can have the following additional technical features: In an embodiment of the present application, the energy supply assembly comprises a wind turbine, a solar photovoltaic panel and an energy conversion controller, the energy conversion controller being configured to preferentially activate the solar photovoltaic panel when the light intensity is ≥ 30000 lux, and otherwise automatically switch to the wind turbine drive.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the inclination angle of the air compression pipeline is 30°-60°, the refrigeration temperature range of the vortex refrigeration sheet is 5-15℃, and the inner wall of the pipeline is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene corrosion-resistant coating.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the phase change heat storage material layer adopts a Na2SO4・10H2O-based composite phase change material, the phase change latent heat is ≥ 200kJ / kg, the pipe diameter of the multi-layer spiral condensing pipe is 15-25mm, and the distance between adjacent pipe bodies is 1.2-1.8 times the pipe diameter.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the micro-metering pump group comprises three independently controlled plunger metering pumps, the single pump flow adjustment range is 0.5-10mL / min, the power of the ultrasonic mixing device is 50-150W, and the working frequency is 25-35kHz.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, the capillary branch is made of food-grade PE material, the pipe body is provided with water outlet holes with a hole diameter of 0.3-0.8mm and a hole spacing of 8-12cm, and the end is provided with a stainless steel filter screen to prevent blockage.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the Internet of Things control terminal is further configured to: when the water level of the underground water storage tank is lower than 20% of the total volume, send a water replenishment warning signal; and when the soil multi-parameter sensor detects that the nutrient concentration exceeds the standard, automatically close the bin valve of the corresponding micro-metering pump group.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: (1) Wind energy and solar energy are combined to supply energy, which does not require dependence on the power grid, is suitable for remote or power shortage areas, and reduces carbon emissions.

[0016] (2) The combination of underground temperature difference (stable low temperature environment below the permafrost layer) and phase change heat storage material, together with the spiral condensing pipe and the hydrophilic coating, significantly improves the air condensation efficiency; the vortex refrigeration sheet pre-cooling and the electrostatic dust removal module further improve the water quality.

[0017] (3) Through real-time monitoring by the soil multi-parameter sensor, the micro-metering pump group and the ultrasonic mixing device realize accurate proportioning and efficient fusion of nutrient components, avoiding nutrient waste or imbalance.

[0018] (4) The Internet of Things terminal dynamically adjusts the irrigation strategy according to the plant species and growth state, realizes automatic management, and reduces labor costs.

[0019] (5) The components are designed with corrosion resistance and anti-clogging, and the underground water storage tank and condensation assembly are anti-freezing and anti-interference, suitable for complex environments such as drought and cold.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 The energy and condensation water system schematic diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 3 The water and fertilizer deployment and irrigation system schematic diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 4 The intelligent control closed loop system schematic diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 5 The underground temperature difference condensation amplification diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 6 The intelligent irrigation control logic diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 7 The control connection relationship schematic diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 8 The air-to-water and irrigation process schematic diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 9 The condensation water generation principle diagram of an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the application.

[0022] As shown in the figure: 1. Energy supply component; 11. Wind turbine; 12. Solar photovoltaic panel; 13. Energy conversion controller; 2. Air compression pipeline; 21. Electrostatic dust removal module; 22. Vortex cooling plate; 3. Underground temperature difference condensation component; 31. Top air inlet cavity; 32. Bottom condensation chamber; 33. Diversion pipe; 34. Multi-layer spiral condenser tube; 35. Insulation shell; 36. Phase change thermal storage material layer; 37. Diversion slope; 4. Underground water storage tank; 41. Water inlet; 42. Outlet Water inlet; 43. Booster pump; 5. Soil multi-parameter sensor; 51. Detection probe; 6. Dynamic nutrient allocation component; 61. Diverter valve; 62. Nutrient solution storage tank; 621. Nitrogen source tank; 622. Phosphorus source tank; 623. Potassium source tank; 63. Micro-metering pump group; 64. Ultrasonic mixer; 65. Mixing chamber; 7. Multi-stage watering pipeline; 71. Main pipe; 72. Terminal capillary branch; 8. Internet of Things control terminal; 81. Wireless transceiver module; 82. Watering strategy algorithm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present application include all variations, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0024] The following describes an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figures 1-9 As shown, an air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to an embodiment of the present application can achieve self-sufficiency in water resources and precise water and fertilizer management, and is described in detail through apple plantations in arid and semi-arid areas combined with the specific parameters and work processes of each component of the system.

[0026] Example 1: Specific structure and parameters of each component of the system 1. Energy supply component 1 The energy supply component 1 is installed in an open area around the plantation (at least 5 meters away from the fruit trees to avoid blocking the light), specifically including: Wind turbine 11: A 200W horizontal axis wind turbine with a blade diameter of 1.2m, a starting wind speed of 3m / s, a rated wind speed of 10m / s, an output voltage of 12V, fixed on a 2.5m high concrete base through a bracket; Solar photovoltaic panel 12: 3 pieces of 100W monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels are connected in series to form a 300W array. The installation angle is 40° (adapted to the local latitude). The surface is covered with anti-glare tempered glass, and the frame is made of aluminum alloy material. It is fixed to the ground through an adjustable angle bracket. Energy conversion controller 13: Model MPPT-30A intelligent controller. It has a built-in light sensor. When the light intensity is ≥30000 lux, it automatically switches to solar photovoltaic panel 12 for power supply. When the light intensity is <30000 lux (such as overcast, evening) or at night, it automatically switches to wind turbine 11 for power supply. The controller also integrates a 100Ah lead-acid battery pack for storing excess energy to ensure that the system can operate stably for more than 72 hours in continuous rainy weather. The output of the energy supply assembly 1 is connected to the air inlet of the air compression pipeline 2 through a φ20mm corrosion-resistant gas conveying pipe (made of weather-resistant EPDM rubber). The outer layer of the gas conveying pipe is wrapped with thermal insulation cotton (5mm thick) to prevent condensation in the pipe in low temperature environment. 2. Air compression pipeline 2 The air compression pipeline 2 is arranged in a "inclined downward" manner, with the following specific parameters: Pipeline main body: φ110mm UPVC pipe, length 8m, inclination angle 45°, outer wall of the pipe body sprayed with gray sunscreen paint, inner wall uniformly sprayed with 0.2mm thick polytetrafluoroethylene coating (corrosion resistance grade ≥C2); Static electricity dust removal module 21: located 1.5m downstream of the air inlet, adopts a honeycomb electrode structure, working voltage 3000V, dust removal efficiency ≥95% (for particles with particle size ≥10μm), detachable flanges are provided at both ends of the module for easy regular cleaning of accumulated dust; Vortex refrigeration sheet 22: 4 pieces of 12V direct current vortex refrigeration sheets (model TEC1-12706) are uniformly pasted on the outer wall of the pipeline at the middle section (3m away from the air inlet), each with a power of 60W and a refrigeration capacity of 50W. The refrigeration sheets are tightly attached to the outer wall of the pipeline through aluminum heat sinks (contact thermal resistance ≤0.1℃ / W). When the refrigeration sheets are working, the air inside the pipeline can be pre-cooled to 5-15℃ (the specific temperature is dynamically adjusted by the Internet of Things control terminal 8 according to the environmental humidity).

[0027] The end of the air compression pipeline 2 is connected to the top air inlet cavity 31 of the underground temperature difference condensation assembly 3 through a φ110mm flange (made of 304 stainless steel). An oil-resistant rubber sealing ring (hardness 60 Shore A) is installed at the flange connection to ensure air tightness (leakage rate ≤0.1L / min).

[0028] 3. Underground temperature difference condensation assembly 3 The underground temperature difference condensation assembly 3 is buried 1.8m underground (the local frozen soil layer is 1.2m deep, ensuring that the assembly is below the frozen soil layer), with the following specific structure: The heat preservation shell 35 is a cuboid structure (length 1.2 m x width 0.8 m x height 0.6 m), the outer shell is made of 3 mm thick stainless steel plate, the inside is filled with 50 mm thick polyurethane foaming heat preservation layer (thermal conductivity ≤0.022 W / (m·K)), the top of the shell is provided with an access hole (size 400 mm x 300 mm) and is provided with a sealing cover; The multi-layer spiral condensing pipe 34 is made of 3 layers of red copper pipe (TP2 brand, wall thickness 1 mm) coiled, the diameter of a single copper pipe is 20 mm, the total length is 30 m, the pitch is 30 mm (1.5 times of the pipe diameter), the distance between adjacent pipes is 24 mm (1.2 times of the pipe diameter); the outer side of the pipe wall is sprayed with 0.1 mm thick nano hydrophilic coating (contact angle ≤15°) to accelerate the condensation of water and slide off; The phase change heat storage material layer 36 is filled between the outer wall of the heat preservation shell 35 and the surrounding soil, the thickness is 100 mm, and is made of Na2SO4·10H2O-based composite phase change material (adding 3% graphene to enhance heat conduction), the phase change temperature is 8°C, the phase change latent heat is 220 kJ / kg, and the freezing point is -5°C, which can maintain the temperature inside the shell stable in an environment with a day and night temperature difference of more than 15°C; The bottom condensing chamber 32 is made of stainless steel (304), with a volume of 50 L, a bottom flow guide slope 37 with a slope of 8°, and a φ32 mm drain hole at the lowest part of the slope; The flow guide pipe 33 is a φ32 mm food-grade PE pipe with a length of 1.2 m, and a silica gel one-way check valve (opening pressure 0.05 MPa) is built in the pipe to prevent the water in the underground water storage tank 4 from flowing back to the condensing chamber 32.

[0029] The top air inlet cavity 31 is connected with the air compression pipeline 2, compressed air is cooled in the spiral condensing pipe 34, water condenses into liquid water, slides down the hydrophilic coating to the condensing chamber 32, is collected through the flow guide slope 37, and then flows into the underground water storage tank 4 through the flow guide pipe 33. 4. Underground water storage tank 4 The underground water storage tank 4 is buried 2.5 m underground (1.8 m lower than the deepest depth of apple tree root system), and the specific parameters are as follows: The tank body is made of a 500 L polyethylene storage tank (food grade, density 0.94 g / cm³), with a compressive strength of ≥0.6 MPa, and a glass fiber reinforced layer (thickness 5 mm) wrapped around the outer wall of the tank body to prevent deformation caused by soil pressure; The water level monitoring device is a drop-in liquid level transmitter (range 0-2 m, accuracy ±0.5% FS), and the probe is installed on the inside wall of the tank body 20 cm from the bottom, connected to the Internet of Things control terminal 8 through a 485 bus; The water inlet 41 is located at the top of the tank body and is connected with the flow guide pipe 33 through a flange, and is provided with a filter screen (pore size 0.5 mm) to prevent impurities from entering; Water outlet 42: located at 10 cm from the bottom of the tank side wall, connected with φ25 mm PE pipe, and a booster water pump 43 is installed on the pipeline; Booster water pump 43: 24V direct current centrifugal pump (power 120W, head 15m, flow 20L / min), equipped with pressure switch (automatic shutdown when pipeline pressure ≥0.2MPa).

[0030] 5, soil multi-parameter sensor 5 Each apple tree is configured with one set of soil multi-parameter sensor 5, and the specific installation and parameters are as follows: Detection probe 51: integrated probe structure (length 20 cm, diameter 3 cm), including: Soil humidity detection unit (based on frequency domain reflection principle, measurement range 0-100%, accuracy ±2%); Nitrogen ion detection electrode (measurement range 0-1000mg / kg, accuracy ±5%); Phosphorus ion detection electrode (measurement range 0-500mg / kg, accuracy ±5%); Potassium ion detection electrode (measurement range 0-2000mg / kg, accuracy ±5%); Installation method: detection probe 51 is fixed on the main pipe 71 of multi-stage watering pipe 7 by hoop, and the probe part is inserted into the soil around the apple tree root system at a depth of 30 cm (1.5 m away from the trunk, in the root system dense area); Data transmission: LoRa wireless transmission (transmission distance ≥500m, power consumption ≤10mA), data is collected every 30 minutes and sent to the Internet of Things control terminal 8. 6, nutrient dynamic adjustment assembly 6 Nutrient dynamic adjustment assembly 6 is installed in the ground control cabinet (IP65 protection level), and the specific structure is as follows: Nutrient solution storage bin 62: three 50L polyethylene barrels (nitrogen source bin 621, phosphorus source bin 622 and potassium source bin 623 respectively), the outside of the bin body is marked with liquid level scale (accuracy ±100ml), and the top is provided with a ventilation hole (with activated carbon filter screen); Nitrogen source bin 621: stores urea solution with mass fraction of 20%; Phosphorus source bin 622: stores potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with mass fraction of 15%; Potassium source bin 623: stores potassium chloride solution with mass fraction of 10%; Micro-metering pump group 63: including three plunger metering pumps (model JZM-10), respectively connected with three bin bodies, single pump flow adjustment range 0.5-10mL / min (accuracy ±0.3%), working pressure 0.1-0.3MPa, and the nutrient solution is injected into the mixing chamber 65 through silica gel pipe (φ6mm); Mixing chamber 65: a φ100mm stainless steel container (capacity 2L), with a water inlet on the top (connected to the outlet pipe of the underground water storage tank 4) and a water outlet at the bottom; Ultrasonic mixer 64: a 28kHz ultrasonic vibrating rod (power 100W), inserted into the mixing chamber 65 at a depth of 10cm, generates high-frequency vibrations during operation, causing the water-fertilizer mixture to form nano-sized particles (particle size 1-5μm); The diverter valve 61 is an electromagnetic reversing valve (diameter φ25mm, working voltage 24V), which can distribute the mixed liquid to the multi-stage watering pipes 7 in different areas according to the instructions of the Internet of Things control terminal 8.

[0031] 7. Multi-stage watering pipes The multi-stage watering pipe 7 is arranged underground (buried at a depth of 30 cm). The specific parameters are as follows: Main pipe 71: φ50mm PE pipe (pressure rating 1.0MPa), laid along the planting rows, with a maintenance well every 50m; Terminal capillary branch tubes 72: Branching from the main trunk tube 71, using φ16mm food-grade PE pipes (wall thickness 2mm). Each apple tree is equipped with four capillary branch tubes 72, extending radially to the crown projection range (0.5-2m from the trunk); Water outlet: The capillary branch tube 72 is provided with water outlet holes with a pore diameter of 0.5 mm, a hole spacing of 10 cm, and the hole opening is tilted downward at 45 degrees to prevent soil clogging; Anti-clogging design: A stainless steel filter (304 material) is installed at the end of the capillary branch tube 72 and is equipped with a detachable joint for regular flushing. 8. Internet of Things Control Terminal 8 The Internet of Things control terminal 8 is installed in the plantation management room, and the specific configuration is as follows: Main control module: uses STM32H743 microprocessor (main frequency 400MHz) and is equipped with a 16GB storage module; Wireless transceiver module 81: integrates LoRa module (receives sensor data) and GPRS module (sends warning information), operating frequency band 433MHz / 868MHz; Watering Strategy Algorithm 82: Built-in apple tree growth cycle database, setting dynamic thresholds for different growth stages (budding period, flowering period, fruiting period, dormancy period): Soil moisture threshold: 60-70% field capacity during budding, 65-75% during flowering, 70-80% during fruiting, and 50-60% during dormancy. Nutrient concentration thresholds: nitrogen 300-500 mg / kg, phosphorus 100-200 mg / kg, potassium 200-400 mg / kg; Human-computer interaction: equipped with a 7-inch touch screen, parameters can be manually set, and historical data can be viewed (storage ≥1 year).

[0032] Example two: system workflow The working process of the system is divided into two stages: air-to-water and water storage and intelligent irrigation, as follows: 1. Air-to-water and water storage stage (1) Energy supply drive: the energy supply assembly 1 generates electricity through the wind turbine 11 or the solar photovoltaic panel 12, and drives the air compressor (integrated in the energy supply assembly) to work after voltage stabilization by the energy conversion controller 13, compressing the external air to 0.2 MPa; (2) Air pretreatment: the compressed air enters the air compression pipeline 2, first removes dust through the electrostatic dust removal module 21, and then pre-cools to 10°C through the vortex cooling fin 22 (the higher the environmental humidity, the lower the cooling temperature); (3) Underground condensation: the pretreated air enters the top air inlet cavity 31 of the underground temperature difference condensation assembly 3, flows along the multi-layer spiral condensation pipe 34, and exchanges heat with the low-temperature soil (8-12°C) below the frozen soil layer, and the moisture in the air condenses on the pipe wall (hydrophilic coating accelerates the condensation of water); (4) Water storage: the condensed water slides down the spiral condensation pipe 34 to the bottom condensation chamber 32, is collected through the guide slope 37, and then flows into the underground water storage tank 4 through the one-way check valve of the guide pipe 33, and the water level monitoring device records the water quantity in real time. 2. Intelligent irrigation stage (1) Data acquisition: the soil multi-parameter sensor 5 detects soil humidity and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations every 30 minutes, and the data is transmitted to the Internet of Things control terminal 8 through the wireless transceiver module 81; (2) Strategy judgment: the irrigation strategy algorithm 82 of the Internet of Things control terminal 8 compares the detection data with the threshold value of the current growth stage, and if the soil humidity is below the lower limit or a certain type of nutrient is insufficient, the irrigation program is started; (3) Nutrient allocation: the nutrient dynamic allocation assembly 6 controls the micro-metering pump group 63 to extract the nutrient solution in the nitrogen source bin 621, the phosphorus source bin 622, and the potassium source bin 623 according to the proportion of the sensor feedback data (for example: if the soil nitrogen content is 200 mg / kg (lower than the threshold value of 300 mg / kg), 5 mL of urea solution per liter of water is added), and the nutrient solution and the water delivered by the underground water storage tank 4 are fully mixed in the mixing chamber 65 by the ultrasonic mixing device 64; (4) Precise irrigation: the mixed water and fertilizer solution enters the main pipe 71 of the multi-stage irrigation pipeline 7 through the shunt valve 61, and then drips evenly to the core area of the apple tree root system through the water outlet holes of the end capillary branch pipe 72; (5) Abnormal processing: if the underground water storage tank 4 water level is lower than 20% of the total volume (i.e. 100L), the Internet of Things control terminal 8 sends a water replenishment warning to the administrator's mobile phone through the GPRS module; if the concentration of some nutrients in the soil exceeds the standard (such as nitrogen content > 500mg / kg), the corresponding micro-metering pump group 63 warehouse valve is automatically closed, and the injection of this type of nutrient is stopped.

[0033] Example three: To ensure that each component works efficiently, the system sets the following linkage mechanism: 1. Energy - water linkage: when the Internet of Things control terminal 8 detects that the underground water storage tank 4 water level is ≥80% (400L), the air compressor power is automatically reduced (to 50%), reducing energy consumption; when the water level is ≤30% (150L), the water is operated at full power; 2. Temperature - condensation linkage: when the ambient humidity is > 60%, the working power of the vortex cooling fin 22 is adjusted to 80% (pre-cooling to 8℃); when the humidity is < 40%, the power is adjusted to 100% (pre-cooling to 5℃), improving the condensation efficiency; 3. Irrigation - weather linkage: the Internet of Things control terminal 8 obtains the 24-hour weather forecast through the GPRS module, and if it is predicted to rain (rainfall ≥5mm), the irrigation program is automatically delayed for 24 hours.

[0034] The above specific structure and working process of the embodiment realizes the "air water - intelligent water and fertilizer allocation - precise irrigation" integrated management of apple trees in arid areas, significantly reduces the planting cost, and does not need to rely on external power grid and water source, and has good popularization value.

[0035] It should be noted that the control method of the present application can be automatically controlled by a controller, and the control method of the controller can be realized by simple programming by those skilled in the art, which belongs to the common knowledge in the art, and the present application mainly protects the mechanical structure, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail.

[0036] In summary, the air water intelligent irrigation system of the embodiment of the present application uses wind energy and solar energy composite energy supply, does not need power grid, is suitable for remote areas and reduces carbon; combines underground temperature difference, phase change material, etc. to improve air condensation efficiency and quality; uses sensors, metering pumps, etc. to realize precise nutrient proportioning; the Internet of Things dynamically regulates and controls cost reduction, the components are corrosion resistant and frost resistant, and are suitable for complex environments.

[0037] In the description of the specification, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only to describe various features, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or a specific order of limiting the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0038] In the description of the specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Also, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An air-to-water intelligent irrigation system, characterized in that: It includes an energy supply component (1), an air compression pipeline (2), an underground temperature difference condensation component (3), an underground water storage tank (4), a soil multi-parameter sensor (5), a nutrient dynamic allocation component (6), a multi-stage watering pipeline (7) and an Internet of Things control terminal (8), wherein: The energy supply component (1) is arranged above the ground surface and is configured to utilize wind energy and solar energy for combined energy supply, and its output end is connected to the air inlet of the air compression pipeline (2) through an anti-corrosion air pipe; The air compression pipe (2) extends obliquely downward from the ground surface, and an electrostatic dust removal module (21) is provided in the pipe downstream of the air inlet. A vortex cooling plate (22) is attached to the outer wall of the middle section, and the end is connected to the top air inlet cavity (31) of the underground temperature difference condensation component (3). The underground temperature difference condensation assembly (3) is buried below the underground frozen soil layer, and includes a multi-layer spiral condenser tube (34) coiled in a heat-insulating shell (35), the tube wall is covered with a hydrophilic coating, and a phase change thermal storage material layer (36) is filled between the outer wall of the heat-insulating shell (35) and the soil. The bottom condensation chamber (32) is provided with a diversion slope (37) with a slope of ≥5°, and is vertically connected to the water inlet (41) of the underground water storage tank (4) through a diversion pipe (33) with a built-in one-way check valve; The underground water storage tank (4) is buried below the depth of the plant root system and is provided with a water level monitoring device, and its water outlet (42) is connected to the water inlet of the dynamic nutrient allocation component (6) via a booster water pump (43); The soil multi-parameter sensor (5) comprises at least one set of detection probes (51), which are attached to the main pipe (71) of the multi-stage watering pipe (7) and embedded in the soil around the plant roots, and are configured to detect soil moisture and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ion concentrations in real time; The control end of the dynamic nutrient allocation component (6) is electrically connected to the soil multi-parameter sensor (5), including a nutrient solution storage tank (62) divided into a nitrogen source tank (621), a phosphorus source tank (622), and a potassium source tank (623), and a micro-metering pump group (63) for controlling the injection ratio of each tank according to sensor feedback data. An ultrasonic mixer (64) is provided in the mixing chamber (65), and its mixing outlet is connected to the main pipe (71) of the multi-stage watering pipe (7) through a diverter valve (61); The multi-stage watering pipe (7) is composed of a main pipe (71) and a plurality of terminal capillary branches (72) extending radially to the core area of ​​the plant root system; The Internet of Things control terminal (8) is remotely connected to the soil multi-parameter sensor (5) and the dynamic nutrient allocation component (6) via a wireless transceiver module (81), and has a built-in irrigation strategy algorithm (82) that automatically adjusts humidity and nutrient thresholds according to plant species.

2. The air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy supply component (1) includes a wind turbine (11), a solar photovoltaic panel (12), and an energy conversion controller (13). The energy conversion controller (13) is configured to give priority to activating the solar photovoltaic panel (12) when the light intensity is ≥30,000 lux, and automatically switch to driving the wind turbine (11) otherwise.

3. The air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the air compression pipeline (2) is 30°-60°, the cooling temperature range of the vortex refrigeration plate (22) is 5-15°C, and the inner wall of the pipeline is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-corrosion coating.

4. The air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change heat storage material layer (36) adopts Na2SO4·10H2O-based composite phase change material, the phase change latent heat is ≥200kJ / kg, the diameter of the multi-layer spiral condenser tube (34) is 15-25mm, and the distance between adjacent tube bodies is 1.2-1.8 times the tube diameter.

5. The air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-metering pump group (63) includes three independently controlled plunger metering pumps, and the flow rate adjustment range of each pump is 0.5-10 mL / min. The power of the ultrasonic mixer (64) is 50-150 W, and the operating frequency is 25-35 kHz.

6. The air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capillary branch tube (72) is made of food-grade PE material, and the tube body is provided with a water outlet hole with a pore diameter of 0.3-0.8 mm, a hole spacing of 8-12 cm, and a stainless steel filter anti-clogging head at the end.

7. The air-to-water intelligent irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Internet of Things control terminal (8) is further configured to: send a water replenishment warning signal when the water level of the underground water storage tank (4) is lower than 20% of the total volume; and automatically close the tank valve of the corresponding micro-metering pump group (63) when the soil multi-parameter sensor (5) detects that the nutrient concentration exceeds the standard.

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