Monitoring method for running state of laser transmitter

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a method for monitoring the running state of a laser transmitter, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the multi-dimensional parameters of the laser transmitter, determining the instantaneous abnormal index of the laser transmitter at the current moment according to the variable quantities and change rates of the voltage and current of the laser transmitter at the current moment, and determining the running state of the laser transmitter according to the instantaneous abnormal index. Determining the sum of the relative decrease degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the laser transmitter at the current moment and the relative increase degree of the waste heat as a performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current moment; and determining the product of the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter and the instantaneous abnormal index of the laser transmitter at the current moment as a health degree index of the laser transmitter at the current moment, and monitoring the running state of the laser transmitter in real time according to a comparison result of the health degree index and a preset health degree index threshold value. According to the method, the accuracy of monitoring the running state of the laser transmitter is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of data processing. Specifically, it relates to a method for monitoring the operating state of a laser transmitter. BACKGROUND

[0002] Laser transmitters are widely used in industrial processing, medical equipment, scientific research experiments and other fields. It is of great significance to monitor their operating state to ensure stable operation. At present, the monitoring of the operating state of the laser transmitter mainly relies on the monitoring of its output power, that is, by real-time acquisition of the output power of the laser transmitter, and comparing the output power with the preset power threshold, to determine whether the operating state of the laser transmitter is normal, so as to realize the monitoring of the operating state of the laser transmitter.

[0003] However, this monitoring method based on output power has limitations. Since the core performance of the laser transmitter is determined by the electro-optical conversion efficiency, during the long-term operation of the laser transmitter, factors such as aging of internal components, optical path pollution and temperature drift will cause a slight decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency, accompanied by an increase in waste heat. At the same time, since the laser transmitter is generally equipped with a closed-loop power control system, the closed-loop power control system will compensate for the effects of the decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency by dynamically adjusting parameters such as drive current and voltage, thereby maintaining the stability of the output power. Therefore, in the early failure stage, the output power often remains within the normal range, and the existing monitoring method that only relies on the output power cannot detect potential failure risks, resulting in a lag in monitoring.

[0004] More importantly, the concealment of early failures will lead to the accumulation of risks. When the electro-optical conversion efficiency continues to decline, the drive system needs to continuously increase the current and voltage to maintain the output power, which will further accelerate the aging rate of components and the amount of waste heat generated, forming a vicious cycle from efficiency decline to energy consumption increase to overheating aggravation leading to further efficiency decline. When the output power eventually shows obvious abnormalities, the laser transmitter is often close to a serious failure state.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can identify early physical changes such as a slight decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency and an increase in waste heat, so that the monitoring results of the operating state of the laser transmitter are more accurate and reliable. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the problem that the existing monitoring method relies on the output power of the laser transmitter, resulting in a lag in early failure warning and the inability to identify early physical changes such as a slight decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency and an increase in waste heat, the present application proposes a method for monitoring the operating state of a laser transmitter. The method comprises: acquire the voltage, the current, the reference driving power, the actual driving power and the reference heat dissipation power of the laser transmitter at each moment during operation, and set any moment as the current moment; determine the instantaneous abnormality index of the laser transmitter at the current moment according to the change amount and the change rate of the voltage and the current of the laser transmitter at the current moment, and the change amount and the change rate of the voltage and the current are set as positive vectorization indexes of the instantaneous abnormality index; determine the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current moment as the sum of the relative decline degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency and the relative increase degree of the waste heat of the laser transmitter at the current moment, wherein the relative decline degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency is determined based on the ratio of the decline amplitude of the electro-optical conversion efficiency to the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency, and the relative increase degree of the waste heat is determined based on the ratio of the increment of the waste heat to the reference heat dissipation power; determine the health degree index of the laser transmitter at the current moment as the product of the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter and the instantaneous abnormality index of the laser transmitter at the current moment, and determine the operation state of the laser transmitter according to the size comparison result of the health degree index and the preset health degree index threshold value, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the laser transmitter.

[0007] This technical solution acquires real-time electrical parameters such as voltage and current and reference power parameters, which are directly related to the electro-optical conversion process of the laser transmitter and are the basis for capturing the performance changes of the laser transmitter. Moreover, the instantaneous abnormality index is determined based on the change amount and the change rate of the voltage and the current, which not only reflects the static difference of the parameters deviating from the health reference, but also reflects the dynamic risk of the change trend. Both of them are positive vectorization indexes, which can accurately amplify the abnormal situation of "the greater the deviation from the healthy state and the faster the change". This conforms to the physical characteristics of the early failure of the circuit system. Moreover, the performance degradation index is obtained by adding the relative decline degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency and the relative increase degree of the waste heat. The former quantifies the decay proportion of the electro-optical conversion core capability, and the latter reflects the relative increase amplitude of the energy loss. The product of the two reflects the essence of the performance degradation of the laser transmitter from two dimensions of "effective conversion capability degradation" and "ineffective loss intensification". Finally, the health state of the laser transmitter is comprehensively evaluated by combining the long-term performance degradation trend and the current instantaneous abnormality risk, which can accurately identify the transition of the laser transmitter from normal operation to abnormal state, avoid the lag of the traditional monitoring method which only relies on the output power, realize the real-time early warning of the early failure, and improve the accuracy of the monitoring.

[0008] Preferably, the reference driving power is determined based on the following manner: The voltage, the current, the ambient temperature, the internal temperature and the set power of the laser emitter in each moment during the operation in the healthy state are collected in advance; the function relationship between the voltage / current and the ambient temperature, the internal temperature and the set power is determined through a data fitting operation, taking the voltage / current as the dependent variable and taking the ambient temperature, the internal temperature and the set power as the independent variable, to obtain a prediction model of the reference voltage / current; the prediction model of the reference voltage / current is used to predict the reference voltage / current in each moment according to the ambient temperature, the internal temperature and the set power in the moment; the product of the reference voltage and the reference current in each moment is taken as the reference driving power in the moment.

[0009] Preferably, the reference heat dissipation power is determined based on the following manner: The reference heat dissipation power of the laser emitter in each moment is obtained by subtracting the set power of the laser emitter in the moment from the reference driving power of the laser emitter in the moment.

[0010] Preferably, the instantaneous abnormality index of the current moment is determined based on the following manner: The change amount and the change rate of the voltage / current of the laser emitter in the current moment are standardized respectively; the change amount and the change rate of the standardized voltage / current are multiplied to form a voltage / current dynamic risk item; the sum of the voltage dynamic risk item and the current dynamic risk item is taken as the instantaneous abnormality index of the current moment.

[0011] The technical scheme eliminates the interference of different parameter magnitude differences by standardizing the change amount and the change rate of the voltage / current, makes the change amount and the change rate comparable and superimposable, ensures that the two can reflect abnormal risks in the same dimension, constructs a dynamic risk item by multiplying the standardized change amount and the change rate, retains the physical logic that the greater the deviation and the faster the change, the higher the risk, and amplifies the difference between the abnormal signal and the normal fluctuation through standardization, so that the potential risks of "small deviation but fast change" or "significant deviation but slow change" can be reasonably quantified, thereby more comprehensively reflecting the instantaneous abnormality of the laser emitter during the operation.

[0012] Preferably, the decline amplitude of the electro-optical conversion efficiency and the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency are determined based on the following manner: The ratio of the set power of the laser emitter in the current moment to the reference driving power in the current moment is taken as the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency in the current moment; the ratio of the set power of the laser emitter in the current moment to the actual driving power in the current moment is taken as the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency in the current moment; the difference between the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency in the current moment and the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency in the current moment is taken as the decline amplitude of the electro-optical conversion rate.

[0013] The technical solution accurately quantifies the performance degradation characteristics of the laser emitter from the perspective of energy conversion, accurately quantifies the degree of attenuation of the electro-optical conversion capability of the laser emitter at the current moment relative to the electro-optical conversion capability of the healthy state by analyzing the difference between the ideal electro-optical conversion efficiency in the healthy state and the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency at the current moment, and enhances the sensitivity to early efficiency decline faults of the laser emitter.

[0014] Preferably, the waste heat increment is determined based on the following manner: The difference between the actual driving power of the laser emitter at the current moment and the reference driving power at the current moment is taken as the driving power increment; the product of the set power of the laser emitter at the current moment and the relative degree of decline of the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the laser emitter at the current moment is taken as the compensation driving power, which is used to reflect the additional driving power required by the power control system of the laser emitter to compensate for the loss of optical energy caused by the decline of the electro-optical conversion efficiency; and the waste heat increment is obtained by subtracting the compensation driving power from the driving power increment.

[0015] The technical solution forms a strict quantitative correspondence between the waste heat increment and the decline of the electro-optical conversion efficiency from the perspective of energy conservation, which not only conforms to the physical law that the decline of the electro-optical conversion efficiency leads to an increase in waste heat, but also provides accurate basic data for subsequent calculation of the relative waste heat increase term, thereby enhancing the recognition ability of early small waste heat changes.

[0016] Preferably, the change amount and the change rate of the voltage and the current of the laser emitter at the current moment are determined based on the following manner: The difference between the voltage / current of the laser emitter at the current moment and the reference voltage / current at the current moment is taken as the change amount of the voltage / current at the current moment; the difference between the voltage / current of the laser emitter at the previous moment and the reference voltage / current at the previous moment is taken as the change amount of the voltage / current at the previous moment; and the change amount of the voltage / current at the current moment is subtracted from the change amount of the voltage / current at the previous moment, and then divided by the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment, to obtain the change rate of the voltage / current at the current moment.

[0017] Preferably, after determining the sum of the relative degree of decrease of the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the laser emitter at the current moment and the relative degree of increase of the waste heat as the performance degradation index of the laser emitter at the current moment, the performance degradation index is further corrected by analyzing the aging trend, including: quantifying the aging coefficient of the laser emitter by the ratio of the running time of the laser emitter to the designed service life of the laser emitter; quantifying the performance degradation component generated by the aging trend by the product of the aging coefficient and the performance degradation index; removing the performance degradation component generated by the aging trend from the performance degradation index of the laser emitter at the current moment to obtain the corrected performance degradation index of the laser emitter at the current moment.

[0018] The technical solution corrects the performance degradation index by analyzing the aging trend, effectively improves the accuracy and pertinence of the state monitoring of the laser emitter, proposes the influence of the normal aging trend on the performance degradation index, makes the corrected performance degradation index more purely reflect the abnormal performance degradation, avoids misjudging the normal aging as a fault, and enables the monitoring system to more accurately identify the performance degradation. Both conforms to the natural aging law of the long-term operation of the laser emitter and strengthens the sensitivity to early abnormal faults, and can accurately reflect the real running state.

[0019] Preferably, the standardization processing manner of the voltage / current variation amount and the voltage / current variation rate of the laser emitter at the current moment is: taking the ratio of the voltage / current variation amount at the current moment to the reference voltage / reference current at the current moment as the standardized voltage / current variation amount; and taking the ratio of the voltage / current variation rate at the current moment to the standard deviation of the voltage / current variation rate at the historical moment as the standardized voltage / current variation rate.

[0020] Preferably, the method for determining the running state of the laser emitter according to the size comparison result of the health index and the preset health index threshold value is: If the health index of the laser emitter at the current moment is greater than or equal to the preset health index threshold value, it is determined that the laser emitter is running abnormally at the current moment; if the health index of the laser emitter at the current moment is less than the preset health index threshold value, it is determined that the laser emitter is running normally at the current moment.

[0021] The present application has the following effects: The scheme can capture the instantaneous dynamic risk of the laser transmitter at each moment by analyzing the instantaneous abnormal index of the laser transmitter, reflect the long-term performance degradation characteristics of the laser transmitter by the performance degradation index, fuse the long-term performance degradation characteristics and the instantaneous dynamic risk to evaluate whether the laser transmitter is in a healthy running state, and effectively eliminate normal fluctuations and natural aging interference through aging trend analysis, can identify the early physical changes such as slight decline of electro-optical conversion efficiency and increase of waste heat, avoid the lag of the traditional monitoring method which only relies on output power, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the running state monitoring of the laser transmitter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a method flowchart of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0024] The present application provides a kind of monitoring method of laser transmitter running state, as shown in Figure 1 It includes: S1: obtain the multi-dimensional parameter of laser transmitter at each moment in running process.

[0025] Collecting the multi-dimensional parameter of laser transmitter at each moment in running process is the basic prerequisite for realizing comprehensive and accurate monitoring, and the multi-dimensional parameter includes voltage, current, reference driving power, actual driving power and reference heat dissipation power. These parameters completely depict the running state of the laser transmitter from the dimensions of electrical energy input, optical energy output and energy conversion. Through the cooperative analysis of multi-dimensional parameters, a comprehensive data basis is provided for identifying early failures of the laser transmitter.

[0026] In order to accurately monitor the running state of the laser transmitter, a reference prediction model is constructed in advance to obtain the reference voltage and reference current at each moment. These reference values are the ideal parameters corresponding to the set power when the device is in a healthy state. These ideal parameters not only define the parameter fluctuation boundary in normal operation, but also provide a quantitative reference for the abnormal judgment of actual parameters.

[0027] The reference prediction model can filter environmental interference (such as parameter drift caused by temperature change), so that the deviation of actual voltage and current from the reference value is accurately directed to performance degradation. At the same time, the change amount and change rate calculated based on the reference value can be directly used for quantization of instantaneous abnormal index, ensuring the ability to capture early failure signals such as "slight deviation but rapid deterioration". This fundamentally solves the problem that the parameter fluctuation is difficult to define without a reference standard.

[0028] In one embodiment, the reference prediction model comprises a reference current prediction model and a reference voltage prediction model, respectively used to obtain the reference current and the reference voltage at each time point, and capable of determining the reference driving power at each time point according to the reference current and the reference voltage at each time point.

[0029] Specifically, it comprises: A current sensor and a voltage sensor with a precision of 16 bits or above are selected to collect the current and voltage in the power closed-loop control system of the laser emitter, and the sampling frequency of the sensor is set to 1 kHz to ensure that the tiny parameter fluctuations can be captured. A temperature sensor with a precision of is selected to collect the ambient temperature and the internal temperature of the laser emitter.

[0030] The temperature sensor is installed on the laser emitter shell near the core heating components and at a representative position of the environment where the laser emitter is located. All sensors are connected to a data acquisition card, and the data acquisition card is connected to a computer through an interface to realize real-time transmission and storage of data.

[0031] The laser emitter is turned on to start real-time data collection to form a data sequence containing current, voltage, ambient temperature, and internal temperature, and the set power is obtained from the power control system of the laser emitter synchronously. After all 24-hour data are obtained, a multiple linear regression method is used to automatically fit the functional relationship between voltage and ambient temperature, internal temperature, and set power, and the functional relationship between current and ambient temperature, internal temperature, and set power. According to the two fitted functional relationships, a reference voltage prediction model and a reference current prediction model are obtained, respectively, to predict the current and voltage that a healthy laser emitter should have under any temperature condition (ambient temperature and internal temperature) and set power condition, i.e., the reference current and the reference voltage.

[0032] The reference current prediction model is: ; In the formula, is the reference current (model prediction value) at the time point, which is the theoretical current value of a healthy laser emitter under the set power and temperature conditions at the time point . is a constant intercept term, which represents the basic static current consumption of the laser emitter when the set power is 0 and the reference temperature. and ​are the mean of all ambient temperatures and the mean of all internal temperatures collected within 24 hours, respectively, as the reference base point for calculating the temperature difference. Among them, the temperature conditions are jointly determined by and , is the ambient temperature at the moment, is the internal temperature at the moment, is the current influence coefficient of the set power, is the ambient temperature coefficient, is the internal temperature coefficient.

[0033] In this formula, part is the power influence term, which reflects the normal increment of the current should have when the set power increases by one unit, part is the ambient temperature influence term, which is used to compensate for the fluctuations in the current caused by changes in the ambient temperature, part is the internal temperature influence term, which is used to compensate for the normal influence of the current caused by changes in the thermal state of the laser emitter itself.

[0034] The reference current prediction model includes all the major factors that affect the driving current (output task, external environment, internal thermal state). It enables accurate separation of fluctuations caused by normal operating conditions and environmental changes from complex measured current values, laying the foundation for subsequent identification of real abnormalities.

[0035] Among them, the reference voltage prediction model is: ; In this formula, is the reference voltage (model prediction value) at the moment, which is the theoretical voltage value of a healthy laser emitter under the set power and temperature conditions (jointly determined by and at the moment, is the constant intercept term, representing the basic static voltage of the laser emitter when the set power is 0 and the reference temperature, and are the mean of all ambient temperatures and the mean of all internal temperatures collected within 24 hours, respectively, as the reference base point for calculating the temperature difference, is the ambient temperature at the moment, is the internal temperature at the moment, is the voltage ​​​​​​The coefficient of the set power, is the ambient temperature coefficient, is the internal temperature coefficient.

[0036] In the formula, is the power influence term, which reflects that the voltage should normally increase by one unit when the set power increases by one unit. is the ambient temperature influence term, which is used to compensate for the fluctuations in voltage caused by changes in ambient temperature. is the internal temperature influence term, which is used to compensate for the normal influence on voltage caused by changes in the thermal state of the laser emitter itself.

[0037] The reference voltage prediction model includes all the major factors that affect voltage (output task, external environment, internal thermal state). It enables accurate separation of fluctuations caused by normal operating conditions and environmental changes from complex measured voltage values, laying the foundation for subsequent identification of real abnormalities.

[0038] Further explanation, the coefficients in the reference current prediction model and the reference voltage prediction model are automatically solved from the 24-hour health state data by the linear fitting method of multiple linear regression. Taking the reference current prediction model as an example, the core is to take the current as the dependent variable, and the set power, ambient temperature difference, and internal temperature difference as the independent variables, to construct a linear regression equation. In the 24-hour health data sequence, each time corresponds to a set of independent variable data and dependent variable data. The process of linear fitting is essentially to calculate a set of coefficients by algorithm, so that the error between the reference current predicted by the equation and the actual collected current is minimized (usually using the least squares method to minimize the sum of the squared errors of the current at all times).

[0039] For example, substituting into the linear regression equation makes ; through the linear regression algorithm, the coefficient value is iteratively optimized until the fitting effect of the equation on all data is optimal, at which time the obtained coefficient is the parameter ultimately adopted by the model. The correlation between the current under healthy state and each influencing factor is quantified as a specific coefficient through mathematical methods, ensuring that the model can accurately reflect the parameter characteristics of the healthy laser emitter.

[0040] Similarly, the coefficients of the reference voltage prediction model are also solved by the same multiple linear regression fitting method based on the health data of voltage and each influencing factor.

[0041] After the reference prediction model is learned, the reference value is dynamically adaptive, and at any time, the reference current , the reference voltage at the moment is predicted according to the reference voltage prediction model , the reference driving power at the moment is calculated according to the reference driving power prediction model , the reference heat dissipation power at the moment is calculated according to the reference heat dissipation power prediction model .

[0042] In the running process of the laser emitter, according to the law of conservation of energy and the physical working principle of the laser emitter, the energy conversion process of the laser emitter follows the rule of "input electric energy (driving power) + output optical energy (set power) + heat dissipation loss (reference heat dissipation power)". Since the real-world electro-optical conversion efficiency cannot reach 100% (there are inherent losses such as circuit loss, optical path loss, and component heating), the input reference driving power (electric energy) will be greater than the output set power (optical energy), and the difference between the two is the reference heat dissipation power (dissipated in the form of heat energy).

[0043] The reference driving power is the theoretical electric energy input power fitted by the dynamic reference prediction model based on the set power, environmental temperature, internal temperature and other parameters under the healthy state of the laser emitter, which represents the standard energy consumption to maintain the set power output under the healthy state.

[0044] The actual driving power is the real-time collected electric energy input power in the monitoring process, which is equal to the product of the actual voltage and the actual current at the current moment, reflecting the actual energy consumption of the laser emitter in the running process.

[0045] The set power is set by the user according to the output demand of the laser emitter, that is, the expected optical energy output by the laser emitter. It is the optical power index that the laser emitter needs to achieve when running, and it does not involve the input of electric energy, but only relates to the output of optical energy.

[0046] The reference heat dissipation power is the part of the reference driving power that has not been converted into the set power due to inherent losses in photoelectric conversion when the laser emitter is in a healthy state. The reference heat dissipation power is equal to the reference driving power minus the set power. The reference heat dissipation power will be dissipated in the form of heat, reflecting the heat dissipation situation of the laser emitter in the healthy state due to energy conversion loss, and is a reference for measuring normal heat dissipation level.

[0047] S2: Evaluate the instantaneous abnormal index of the laser emitter.

[0048] During the operation of the laser transmitter, the early failure-induced decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency is converted into a slight abnormal fluctuation in voltage, current, and other parameters through the closed-loop control system, but these fluctuations are often masked by the parameter fluctuations under normal operating conditions. The instantaneous abnormality indicator focuses on the additional changes in the parameter deviation from the healthy baseline, and by quantifying the magnitude and rate of this change, it accurately identifies potential risks such as "slight deviation but rapid deterioration", providing real-time and dynamic quantitative basis for early failure warning and avoiding the formation of a vicious cycle through continuous accumulation of faults in a hidden state.

[0049] In one embodiment, the instantaneous abnormality indicator of the laser transmitter at the current time is determined according to the respective change amount and change rate of the voltage and current of the laser transmitter at the current time, and the respective change amount and change rate of the voltage and current are set as positive quantitative indicators of the instantaneous abnormality indicator.

[0050] First, the reference voltage prediction model and the reference current prediction model are used to obtain the reference voltage and the reference current at each time. The change amount of the voltage (actual voltage) at the current time relative to the reference voltage at the current time (calculate the difference and then take the absolute value) is obtained as the first voltage change amount, and the change amount of the current (actual current) at the current time relative to the reference current at the current time is obtained as the first current change amount; the change amount of the voltage (actual voltage) at the previous time relative to the reference voltage at the previous time is obtained as the second voltage change amount, and the change amount of the current at the previous time relative to the reference current at the previous time is obtained as the second current change amount; the change amount is used to reflect the static deviation degree of the voltage and the current relative to the reference voltage and the reference current.

[0051] Secondly, the difference between the first voltage change amount and the second voltage change amount is divided by the time interval (at the current time and the previous time), and the obtained value is taken as the change rate of the voltage at the current time. The difference between the first current change amount and the second current change amount is divided by the time interval (at the current time and the previous time), and the obtained value is taken as the change rate of the current at the current time. The change rate of the voltage and the change rate of the current are used to reflect the dynamic deviation trend.

[0052] Subsequently, the first voltage change amount, the first current change amount, and the change rate of the voltage at the current time, and the change rate of the current at the current time are standardized respectively to eliminate the difference in magnitude, including: The ratio of the first voltage change amount to the reference voltage at the current time is taken as the standardized voltage change amount; the ratio of the first current change amount to the reference current at the current time is taken as the standardized current change amount; The absolute value of the rate of change of the voltage at the current time is multiplied by the ratio of the standard deviation of the rate of change of the voltage at the historical time (50 times before the current time, empirical value) to the rate of change of the voltage at the current time to form the normalized rate of change of the voltage. The absolute value of the rate of change of the current at the current time is multiplied by the ratio of the standard deviation of the rate of change of the current at the historical time (50 times before the current time, empirical value) to the rate of change of the current at the current time to form the normalized rate of change of the current.

[0053] Finally, the normalized first voltage change and the rate of change of the voltage are multiplied to form the voltage dynamic risk term, the normalized first current change and the rate of change of the current are multiplied to form the current dynamic risk term, and the sum of the voltage dynamic risk term and the current dynamic risk term is taken as the instantaneous abnormality index at the current time, realizing sensitive capture and accurate quantification of early degradation signals.

[0054] For example, The instantaneous abnormality index at the current time is:

[0055] In the formula, The instantaneous abnormality index at the current time is a dimensionless value. The change in the current at the current time relative to its reference current , The change in the voltage at the current time relative to its reference voltage . The rate of change of the current at the current time, The rate of change of the voltage at the current time, is the absolute value symbol, is the standard deviation of all at the historical time, is the standard deviation of all at the historical time, representing the historical fluctuation level.

[0056] In the formula, is the standardization of , reflecting the size of the current time current deviation from the healthy state, is the standardization of , reflecting the rate of change of the current at the current time. The current dynamic risk term of the current at the current time, by multiplication, realizes the logic of "the greater the deviation from the healthy state, the faster the change rate, and the higher the risk".

[0057] ​​​​​​​​In the formula, is the standardization processing of , reflecting the size of the voltage deviation from the healthy state at . is the standardization processing of , reflecting the fast or slow rate of voltage change at . is the voltage dynamic risk term at , and by multiplication, the logic of "the greater the deviation from the healthy state, the faster the change rate, and the higher the risk" is realized.

[0058] Finally, the two dynamic risk terms are added to quantify the instantaneous abnormality index at , reflecting the instantaneous abnormality risk at this moment. In order to avoid calculation errors caused by extreme cases, it is set that when is 0, part of the whole is considered as 1, and when is 0, part of the whole is considered as 1, and only the size of the deviation from the healthy state is evaluated to assess the instantaneous abnormality index. If is 0, part of the whole is considered as 0, and if is 0, part of the whole is considered as 0, and it is considered that there is no instantaneous abnormality risk.

[0059] S3: Determine the performance degradation index of the laser emitter.

[0060] The instantaneous abnormality index at the current moment mainly reflects the parameter fluctuation at the current moment, which can capture the immediate abnormality, but it is difficult to reflect the cumulative effect of performance degradation; while the change of photoelectric conversion efficiency alone can only quantify how much the degradation is, and cannot associate the synergistic relationship between it and the increase of waste heat.

[0061] The performance degradation index of this step fuses the dual dimensions of efficiency degradation and waste heat increase, which not only makes up for the lack of long-term perspective of the instantaneous index, but also overcomes the problem that the single efficiency parameter cannot fully reflect the performance degradation, and can more systematically reflect the overall change trend of the laser emitter "electro-optical conversion efficiency decline → waste heat surge → performance accelerated degradation", providing a comprehensive quantitative basis for the health assessment of the laser emitter that takes into account the degree of performance degradation and the influence of deterioration, and the judgment of long-term performance evolution is more scientific and comprehensive.

[0062] In one embodiment, the process of determining the performance degradation index of the laser emitter is as follows: Firstly, the performance degradation of the laser emitter needs to be considered from two dimensions of "electro-optical conversion efficiency decline" and "waste heat increase". From the energy conversion physical mechanism of the laser emitter, "electro-optical conversion efficiency decline" and "waste heat increase" are the core characteristics of the performance degradation process of the laser emitter, which are interrelated but have their own focuses, and together constitute the complete dimension for measuring the degree of degradation. Since the core function of the laser emitter is to efficiently convert electrical energy into optical energy, the electro-optical conversion efficiency directly reflects the pros and cons of this core performance. The decline in electro-optical conversion efficiency means a decrease in optical energy generated per unit of electrical energy, which is essentially a decline in energy conversion capability and the root cause of performance degradation. According to the law of conservation of energy, the electrical energy that has not been converted into optical energy is dissipated in the form of waste heat. Therefore, the decline in efficiency inevitably leads to an increase in waste heat, and more importantly, the increase in waste heat not only results from the decline in efficiency, but also accelerates the aging of components, further reducing the electro-optical conversion efficiency, forming a vicious cycle of "electro-optical conversion efficiency decline → waste heat surge → further efficiency decline". The increase in waste heat is a key indicator of performance degradation and worsening trend.

[0063] If only the decline in electro-optical conversion efficiency is considered, it is difficult to quantify the thermal hazards it causes and its impact on system stability. If only the increase in waste heat is monitored, it is also difficult to distinguish whether it is a result of efficiency decline or a failure of the heat dissipation system itself. Therefore, this step considers both dimensions together, which conforms to the physical laws of energy conversion and fault evolution of the laser emitter, making the performance degradation indicator more comprehensive in reflecting the actual health status of the device.

[0064] Then, the relative degree of decline in electro-optical conversion efficiency and the relative degree of increase in waste heat of the laser emitter at the current time are obtained.

[0065] For the relative degree of decline in electro-optical conversion efficiency: During the operation of the laser emitter, the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency is a relatively ideal state, and the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency is usually lower than the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency, which is an inevitable result of device aging and efficiency decline, and conforms to the normal fault evolution process.

[0066] The ratio of the set power of the laser emitter at the current time to the reference driving power at the current time is the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency at the current time, and the ratio of the set power of the laser emitter at the current time to the actual driving power at the current time is the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency at the current time. The difference between the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency and the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency at the current time is the decline amplitude of the electro-optical conversion rate. The ratio of the decline amplitude of the electro-optical conversion efficiency to the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency is the relative degree of decline in electro-optical conversion efficiency.

[0067] For example, The voltage at the current time (actual voltage) is , and the current (actual current) is , the reference voltage is , the reference current is , the reference driving power is , the set power is .

[0068] the reference electro-optical conversion efficiency at the moment ; the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency at the moment , indicates the actual driving power at the moment; the decline amplitude of the electro-optical conversion rate at the moment , the relative decline degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency is .

[0069] The relative decline degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency directly reflects the proportion of the decay of the electro-optical conversion efficiency relative to the ideal state, and is more in line with the essence of performance decay. For example, a relative decline degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency of 10% means that the electro-optical conversion efficiency at the current moment is only 90% of the healthy state, which directly reflects the decay proportion of the core performance, and is more closely related to factors such as device aging and optical path pollution, which can effectively avoid the interference of the set power on the electro-optical conversion efficiency (for example, the absolute efficiency value may be low under high set power, but the relative decline degree can accurately reflect its decay relative to its own reference).

[0070] The relative increase degree of waste heat: The difference between the actual driving power of the laser emitter at the current moment and the reference driving power at the current moment is taken as the driving power increment; the product of the set power of the laser emitter at the current moment and the relative decline degree of the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the laser emitter at the current moment is taken as the compensation driving power, which is used to reflect the additional driving power required by the power control system of the laser emitter to compensate for the loss of optical energy caused by the decline of the electro-optical conversion efficiency. The driving power increment is subtracted by the compensation driving power to obtain the waste heat increment. The waste heat increment is the additional waste heat power generated by the laser emitter during operation due to the decline of the electro-optical conversion efficiency. From the perspective of energy flow, when the electro-optical conversion efficiency declines, the actual driving power will increase compared with the reference driving power (i.e. the driving power increment). A part of the driving power increment is used to compensate for the loss of optical energy caused by the decline of the efficiency (i.e. the compensation driving power), and the remaining part that cannot be converted into effective optical energy is additionally dissipated in the form of heat energy. This part is the waste heat increment. It accurately reflects the direct correlation between efficiency decline and waste heat increase, is an additional increase part that is different from the inherent waste heat during normal operation of the device, and reflects the additional heat load generated by the laser emitter due to performance decay.

[0071] The ratio of the waste heat increment to the reference heat dissipation power is taken as the relative increase in waste heat.

[0072] For example, The driving power increment at the moment is:

[0073] In this formula, for The driving power increment at the moment, express The actual driving power at the moment, for The base driving power at the moment, for The voltage at the moment (actual voltage), for The current at the moment (actual current).

[0074] The compensation driving power at the moment is ; The waste heat increment at time ; The relative increase in waste heat at time ,in, for The baseline heat dissipation power at the moment.

[0075] From the perspective of the energy conversion physics of a laser transmitter, this solution's definition and calculation of the relative increase in waste heat accurately captures the energy dissipation during performance degradation, as reflected in the following aspects: From a physical perspective, the energy flow of a laser transmitter follows the energy conservation law of "input electrical energy (driving power) = output optical energy (set power) + heat dissipation power." The baseline heat dissipation power is the inherent portion of the "energy difference between input and output" in a healthy state, while the incremental waste heat is the "extra ineffective energy dissipated" after efficiency decreases. The relative increase in incremental waste heat, obtained by comparing it to the baseline heat dissipation power, essentially reflects the ratio of "extra ineffective energy consumption" to "normal ineffective energy consumption." For example, a relative increase of 20% means that the current waste heat dissipates 20% more baseline heat dissipation power than in a healthy state, directly quantifying the increased thermal burden caused by efficiency degradation.

[0076] From the perspective of fault evolution, this indicator complements the relative decline in electro-optical conversion efficiency: a relative decline in efficiency reflects the decline in effective energy conversion capacity, while a relative increase in waste heat reflects the worsening of ineffective energy dissipation. Not only is there a causal relationship between the two (decreased efficiency inevitably leads to increased waste heat), but they also collectively reflect the synergistic effect of "intensified derivative hazards." For example, when efficiency decreases by 10% and waste heat increases by 20%, the product reflects both the loss of energy conversion capacity and the amplified effect of thermal hazards. This product better reflects the physical law of "electro-optical conversion efficiency decline → heat accumulation → accelerated performance deterioration" than a single indicator alone.

[0077] In terms of monitoring value, this solution removes the "effective compensation energy consumed to maintain light output" by subtracting the compensation drive power from the drive power increment, retaining only the "waste heat dissipated purely due to reduced efficiency." This ensures the physical purity of the waste heat increment. Comparing this with the baseline heat dissipation power makes the indicator comparable across devices and operating conditions. Whether low or high power, the relative increase consistently reflects the deviation of the thermal state from a healthy baseline, providing a standardized, quantitative signal of thermal load deterioration for early fault warning. This effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional output power monitoring alone and enables more accurate and proactive detection of hidden energy dissipation anomalies.

[0078] Finally, the sum of the laser transmitter's current relative decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency and the relative increase in waste heat is determined as the laser transmitter's performance degradation indicator at that moment. This accurately and comprehensively quantifies the laser transmitter's performance degradation, incorporating the synergistic effects of the laser transmitter's "core capability decline" and "increased derivative hazards" at that moment. The relative decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency reflects the decline in core energy conversion performance, while the relative increase in waste heat reflects the worsening of inefficient energy consumption. The sum of the two reflects the combined effect of "efficiency decline + waste heat increase."

[0079] For example, Performance degradation indicator at each moment for:

[0080] In this formula, for The decrease in electro-optical conversion rate at the moment, for The benchmark electro-optical conversion efficiency at the moment, for The driving power increment at the moment, for The set power at the moment, for The benchmark heat dissipation power at the moment, the relative degree of the decrease of the electro-optical conversion efficiency, the relative degree of the increase of the waste heat.

[0081] To ensure the robustness of the calculation, when the calculation result of or is 0, it is set to a very small positive number, for example, set to .

[0082] S4: Analyze the aging trend to dynamically correct the performance degradation index.

[0083] During the long-term use of the laser transmitter, there is a slow and normal performance degradation process. In order to avoid misjudging this normal and predictable aging as a failure that needs to be immediately intervened, this step eliminates the influence of the normal aging trend to obtain the final performance degradation index, so that the monitoring system can focus more on identifying those truly abnormal performance degradation.

[0084] The performance degradation index is the actual and measurable degree of performance degradation calculated by real-time monitoring data (such as efficiency decrease and waste heat increase), which is an objective index that describes the performance degradation of the laser transmitter. It is actually the result of the superposition of two factors: the first is the normal aging factor: the natural, slow and predictable wear of components due to long-term operation of the laser transmitter, which is inevitable. The second is the abnormal degradation factor: the nonlinear and accelerated performance degradation of the laser transmitter caused by specific reasons (such as potential defects, overload, and environmental deterioration), which is a precursor to failure and is the real target that needs to be warned. Therefore, the performance degradation trend contained in the health index includes both "normal aging" and "abnormal degradation".

[0085] Normal aging causes the natural decrease of the electro-optical conversion efficiency and the slow increase of the waste heat, which directly increases the value of the performance degradation index. If these aging effects are not eliminated, the performance degradation index will not only contain the predictable degradation of normal aging, but also superimpose the risk of possible abnormal failure, leading to false growth of the performance degradation index and misjudgment of normal aging as a failure that needs to be urgently handled, resulting in waste of maintenance resources.

[0086] Therefore, this step eliminates the influence of normal aging and dynamically corrects the performance degradation index, so that the corrected performance degradation index can accurately reflect the "unpredictable risk" other than normal aging, ensuring that the subsequent health index is not disturbed by normal aging and is highly sensitive to abnormal failure.

[0087] The performance degradation caused by non-aging factors and the mechanism and form of normal aging are significantly different, for example, the following: Sudden hardware failure, such as laser diode junction damage, will directly reduce the electro-optical conversion efficiency, forcing the actual driving power to increase to maintain the set power, resulting in a sharp increase in waste heat, pushing up the value of the performance degradation index; optical lens contamination or displacement will increase the optical path loss, causing unconverted energy to accumulate in the form of waste heat, pushing up the value of the performance degradation index.

[0088] Extreme working conditions, such as a sudden rise in ambient temperature beyond the normal range, will cause the heat dissipation system to be unable to timely dissipate waste heat, accelerating the decline in electro-optical conversion efficiency, forming a "thermal runaway" cycle, increasing invalid energy consumption (waste heat) and pushing up the value of the performance degradation index.

[0089] Improper maintenance or parameter mismatch, such as long-term failure to clean the heat dissipation channel, will cause the heat dissipation capacity to decrease, resulting in an increase in waste heat due to the inability to timely discharge, and pushing up the value of the performance degradation index; parameter calibration deviation of the power closed-loop control system will cause the "actual driving power increment" and the "efficiency compensation driving power" to be out of balance, resulting in an abnormal increase in waste heat increment, and pushing up the value of the performance degradation index.

[0090] In one embodiment, the method of analyzing aging trends to dynamically correct the performance degradation index is: Quantify the aging coefficient of the laser transmitter by the ratio of the running time of the laser transmitter to the designed service life of the laser transmitter; quantify the performance degradation component generated by the aging trend by the product of the aging coefficient and the performance degradation index; remove the performance degradation component generated by the aging trend from the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current time to obtain the corrected performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current time.

[0091] For example, the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the time is corrected according to the following formula:

[0092] In this formula, is the corrected performance degradation index at the time , is the performance degradation index at the time , is the designed service life of the laser transmitter, which is the total time that the device can stably run at a normal aging rate, obtained from the manufacturer or actual data statistics of the same batch, is the total running time of the laser transmitter. Essentially reflects the aging coefficient of the laser transmitter, the longer the running time, the higher the ratio, and the more significant the aging impact. When the laser transmitter is just running , , , almost no correction, which is consistent with the actual situation that new devices have minimal aging impact; when the laser transmitter approaches the designed service life , , , in line with the rule that the performance degradation index should tend to 0 when the equipment ages to the limit; in the middle process, as the running time increases, increases, decreases, the performance degradation index is reasonably adjusted downward, reflecting the degradation caused by normal aging, avoiding misjudgment of normal aging as a fault.

[0093] After expanding the formula , partially quantifies the performance degradation component caused by the aging trend, and removes (subtracts) the performance degradation component caused by the aging trend to obtain the corrected performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current time .

[0094] S5: Determine the health degree index by comprehensively considering the instantaneous abnormal index and the performance degradation index.

[0095] Comprehensively considering the instantaneous abnormal index and the performance degradation index to quantify the health degree index is the core step to realize comprehensive and dynamic evaluation of the health state of the laser transmitter. The instantaneous abnormal index and the performance degradation index are complementary and synergistic in the monitoring dimension: the instantaneous abnormal index focuses on the immediate stability of the laser transmitter, sensitively captures the sudden fluctuation of the parameter through the change amount and change rate of the voltage and current, and reflects the current dynamic risk; and the performance degradation index focuses on the long-term performance degradation trend, quantifies the cumulative degradation degree of the performance through the relative change of the electro-optical conversion efficiency and waste heat, and reflects the performance loss of the laser transmitter.

[0096] In one embodiment, the product of the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter and the instantaneous abnormal index of the laser transmitter at the current time is determined as the health degree index of the laser transmitter at the current time. This is because single reliance on the instantaneous abnormal index may misjudge normal fluctuation as a fault, or ignore the risk of slow degradation but close to the critical state, and only relying on the performance degradation index cannot perceive the immediate failure risk caused by short-term severe fluctuation. Therefore, through the product form of the two, the health degree index not only contains the basic risk of long-term degradation, but also superimposes the immediate dynamic risk, so that the evaluation result reflects not only the performance degradation degree of the equipment, but also the instantaneous stability. For example, if the performance degradation index is high (long-term loss is serious) and the instantaneous abnormal index suddenly increases (current fluctuation is severe), the product result will significantly amplify the risk signal, accurately reflect the abnormal state of long-term degradation superimposed with short-term instability, and conform to the actual operation rule of the laser transmitter that "chronic loss and acute fluctuation jointly determine the health degree", thereby providing a more comprehensive and accurate quantitative basis for maintenance decision-making.

[0097] ​Since the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current moment has been corrected in the previous step, the performance degradation index here refers to the corrected performance degradation index.

[0098] For example, Health indicators at all times , for The instantaneous abnormal indicators at the moment, for Performance degradation indicators that are constantly being corrected.

[0099] S6: Monitor the operating status based on health indicators.

[0100] The health index has eliminated the interference of normal aging, and its value can directly reflect the level of unexpected risk currently faced by the laser transmitter. Health indicators at all times, and The health indicators of the 50 moments before the moment are normalized according to the maximum and minimum values. The health index at each moment is normalized to be in the range of [0,1].

[0101] The health threshold is set to 0.8 (this empirical value comprehensively considers the balance between the fault warning sensitivity and false alarm rate of the laser transmitter under typical operating conditions). At each moment of the laser transmitter operation, if the health index is greater than or equal to 0.8, the abnormal decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency and the abnormal increase in waste heat have formed a significant synergistic effect, and the instantaneous fluctuations of voltage and current have exceeded the stable range under normal operating conditions, which is consistent with the characteristics of the laser transmitter failure or approaching a critical state of failure, and is judged to be abnormal operation; if the health index is less than 0.8, it means that the synergistic effect of the abnormal decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency and the abnormal increase in waste heat is at a low level, and the core performance and operational stability of the laser transmitter are within the normal range, and it is judged to be operating normally.

[0102] In short, by comparing the health index with the threshold, this monitoring mechanism not only avoids misjudgment caused by normal aging interference, but also accurately captures abnormal conditions caused by non-aging factors, so that the judgment results of the operating status are consistent with the actual health level of the laser transmitter, providing a quantitative basis for timely maintenance measures (such as troubleshooting in abnormal situations and routine inspections in normal situations), and effectively balancing the timeliness and accuracy of fault warnings.

[0103] While various embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter, characterized in that: include: Obtain the voltage, current, reference drive power, actual drive power, and reference heat dissipation power of the laser transmitter at each moment during operation, and set any moment as the current moment; Determining an instantaneous abnormality index of the laser emitter at the current moment according to the respective change amounts and change rates of the voltage and current of the laser emitter at the current moment, and setting the respective change amounts and change rates of the voltage and current as positive quantized indicators of the instantaneous abnormality index; The sum of the relative decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency and the relative increase in waste heat of the laser emitter at the current moment is determined as the performance degradation index of the laser emitter at the current moment; wherein the relative decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency is determined based on the ratio of the decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency to a benchmark electro-optical conversion efficiency; and the relative increase in waste heat is determined based on the ratio of the increase in waste heat to a benchmark heat dissipation power; The product of the performance degradation index of the laser emitter and the instantaneous abnormality index of the laser emitter at the current moment is determined as the health index of the laser emitter at the current moment. The operating status of the laser emitter is determined based on the comparison result between the health index and the preset health index threshold to realize real-time monitoring of the laser emitter.

2. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reference driving power is determined based on the following method: Collect the voltage, current, ambient temperature, internal temperature and set power of the laser transmitter at each moment during its healthy operation in advance; With voltage / current as a dependent variable and ambient temperature, internal temperature, and set power as independent variables, a functional relationship between voltage / current and ambient temperature, internal temperature, and set power is determined through a data fitting operation to obtain a prediction model for a reference voltage / reference current; the prediction model for the reference voltage / reference current is used to predict the reference voltage / reference current at each moment based on the ambient temperature, internal temperature, and set power at that moment; The product of the reference voltage and the reference current at each moment is used as the reference driving power at that moment.

3. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 1, wherein: The reference heat dissipation power is determined based on the following method: The value obtained by subtracting the set power of the laser emitter at each moment from the reference driving power of the laser emitter at that moment is used as the reference heat dissipation power of the laser emitter at that moment.

4. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 1, wherein: The instantaneous abnormality index at the current moment is determined based on the following method: The voltage / current change amount and voltage / current change rate of the laser transmitter at the current moment are respectively standardized; Multiplying the normalized voltage / current change amount and the voltage / current change rate to form a voltage / current dynamic risk term; The sum of the voltage dynamic risk item and the current dynamic risk item is used as the instantaneous abnormality indicator at the current moment.

5. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 1, wherein: The reduction in electro-optical conversion efficiency compared to the baseline electro-optical conversion efficiency is determined as follows: The ratio of the laser transmitter's current set power to its current reference drive power is taken as the current reference electro-optical conversion efficiency; The actual electro-optical conversion efficiency at the current moment is the ratio of the laser transmitter's set power at the current moment to its actual driving power at the current moment; The difference between the current reference electro-optical conversion efficiency and the actual electro-optical conversion efficiency is taken as the decrease in electro-optical conversion rate.

6. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat increment is determined based on the following: The difference between the actual driving power of the laser transmitter at the current moment and the reference driving power at the current moment is used as the driving power increment; The product of the set power of the laser emitter at the current moment and the relative decrease in the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the laser emitter at the current moment is used as the compensation driving power; the compensation driving power is used to reflect the additional driving power required by the power control system of the laser emitter to compensate for the light energy loss caused by the decrease in electro-optical conversion efficiency; The waste heat increment is obtained by subtracting the compensation driving power from the driving power increment.

7. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 2, wherein: The change amount and change rate of the voltage and current of the laser transmitter at the current moment are determined based on the following method: The difference between the voltage / current of the laser transmitter at the current moment and the reference voltage / reference current at the current moment is used as the voltage / current variation at the current moment; The difference between the voltage / current of the laser emitter at the previous moment and the reference voltage / reference current at the previous moment is taken as the voltage / current variation at the previous moment; The voltage / current change rate at the current moment is obtained by subtracting the voltage / current change at the previous moment from the voltage / current change at the current moment and dividing the result by the time interval between the current moment and the previous moment.

8. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that: After determining the sum of the relative decrease in the electro-optical conversion efficiency and the relative increase in waste heat of the laser transmitter at the current moment as the performance degradation index of the laser transmitter at the current moment, the performance degradation index is further corrected by analyzing the aging trend, including: The aging coefficient of the laser emitter is quantified by the ratio of the operating time of the laser emitter to the design life of the laser emitter; the performance degradation component generated by the aging trend is quantified by the product of the aging coefficient and the performance degradation index; the performance degradation component generated by the aging trend is removed from the performance degradation index of the laser emitter at the current moment to obtain the corrected performance degradation index of the laser emitter at the current moment.

9. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The way to standardize the voltage / current change and voltage / current change rate of the laser transmitter at the current moment is: The ratio of the voltage / current change at the current moment to the reference voltage / current at the current moment is used as the normalized voltage / current change; The ratio of the current voltage / current change rate to the standard deviation of the voltage / current change rate at the historical time is used as the standardized voltage / current change rate.

10. The method for monitoring the operating status of a laser transmitter according to claim 1, wherein: The method for determining the operating status of the laser transmitter based on the comparison result between the health index and the preset health index threshold is as follows: If the health index of the laser emitter at the current moment is greater than or equal to the preset health index threshold, it is determined that the laser emitter is operating abnormally at the current moment; if the health index of the laser emitter at the current moment is less than the preset health index threshold, it is determined that the laser emitter is operating normally at the current moment.

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