Irrigation area water distribution scheduling method, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an irrigation district water distribution scheduling method and device and a medium, belongs to the field of irrigation district management, and aims to solve the problem that accurate irrigation cannot be uniformly and efficiently carried out, and the method comprises the following steps: determining a digital elevation model and a crop planting distribution diagram of an irrigation district; according to the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map, determining different irrigation subareas of the irrigation area, and a water delivery energy consumption coefficient, a crop suitability coefficient and a subarea water demand critical period of each irrigation subarea; constructing a water delivery energy matrix of the irrigation area according to the water delivery energy consumption coefficient of each irrigation subarea and the irrigation water demand in the irrigation period; determining a rotation irrigation group of the irrigation area according to the water delivery energy weight combination and the water delivery energy matrix of each irrigation subarea in the current irrigation period; and determining the irrigation time sequence of the rotation irrigation group according to the crop suitability coefficient of each irrigation subarea and the subarea water demand critical period. And water distribution in the irrigated area can be more efficiently and reasonably carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of irrigation district management technology, and in particular to an irrigation district water distribution scheduling method, equipment and medium. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, water allocation and scheduling in irrigation districts is a crucial link in ensuring efficient water use for crops and improving water resource utilization. Rational water allocation and scheduling can ensure that crops receive appropriate amounts of water at different growth stages, which is of great significance for improving crop yield and quality and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Currently, traditional irrigation district management methods, especially the rotational irrigation scheduling of large irrigation districts, are mostly based on experience or simple rules to divide the rotational irrigation groups. For example, irrigation districts are usually divided into rotational irrigation groups according to the crop planting distribution boundaries or field area.

[0004] However, the above grouping results ignore the differences in water conveyance energy caused by different terrain elevation differences (e.g., high-altitude areas actually require additional energy consumption for pressurization and water lifting, while low-altitude areas do not require additional energy consumption), which leads to inefficient operation of the system. It rarely systematically considers the key impact of terrain elevation differences on irrigation water conveyance energy consumption, especially in irrigation areas with large undulations such as hills and mountains, which can easily lead to high overall energy consumption of the water conveyance system and low irrigation efficiency.

[0005] Furthermore, the spatial and temporal specificity of water requirements for different crops was overlooked, making it difficult to accurately meet the irrigation needs of different crops within the same irrigation group.

[0006] On the other hand, when determining the water allocation sequence for the rotation irrigation group, it is usually sorted according to simple rules such as prioritizing nearby areas or high-lying areas, ignoring the sensitivity of different growth stages to water, which leads to irrigation delays during critical growth stages (such as reduced yield due to water shortage during the crop heading stage), and also makes it difficult to accurately meet the crop irrigation needs.

[0007] In summary, the above-mentioned water allocation and scheduling methods do not fully consider comprehensive factors such as the differences in irrigation area topography and water demand characteristics, resulting in low irrigation efficiency and difficulty in accurately meeting crop irrigation needs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application provides a method, equipment, and medium for water allocation and scheduling in irrigation districts, which can solve the problems of low irrigation efficiency and difficulty in accurately meeting crop irrigation needs in irrigation districts.

[0009] The embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a method for water allocation and scheduling in an irrigation district. This method includes: determining a digital elevation model and a crop planting distribution map of the irrigation district; determining different irrigation zones of the irrigation district, and the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient, crop suitability coefficient, and critical water demand period for each irrigation zone, based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map; the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient is used to represent the degree of influence between topographic features and water conveyance energy consumption; the crop suitability coefficient is used to represent the degree of matching between crop growth requirements and topographic features; constructing a water conveyance energy matrix of the irrigation district based on the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient of each irrigation zone and the irrigation water demand in the current irrigation cycle; determining a rotational irrigation group of the irrigation district based on the water conveyance energy weight combination of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle and the water conveyance energy matrix; determining the irrigation sequence of the rotational irrigation group based on the crop suitability coefficient and the critical water demand period of each irrigation zone; and allocating water for irrigation to the rotational irrigation group based on the irrigation sequence and the irrigation water demand of the irrigation zones in the current irrigation cycle.

[0010] In one example, based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map, different irrigation zones of the irrigation district are determined, specifically including: analyzing the digital elevation model using a watershed segmentation algorithm to divide the irrigation district into different sub-watersheds; calculating the slope difference between adjacent grid points in each sub-watershed, merging grid points with slope differences less than a preset difference threshold into the same zone to obtain the topographic zones of the irrigation district; and obtaining the different irrigation zones of the irrigation district by spatially overlaying the topographic zones and the crop planting distribution map.

[0011] In one example, the step of obtaining different irrigation zones of the irrigation district by spatially overlaying analysis of topographic zones and crop planting distribution maps specifically includes: performing intersection analysis on topographic zones and crop planting distribution maps to obtain a crop distribution attribute table for each topographic zone; identifying crops with a planting area greater than a first preset area threshold as the dominant crops of the topographic zone from the crop distribution attribute table; assigning target dominant crops with a water requirement critical period overlap greater than a preset overlap threshold to the same irrigation zone within the same topographic zone, and assigning non-target dominant crops to irrigation zones independently; ensuring that the land border distance between adjacent target dominant crops is less than a preset border threshold; ensuring that the water requirement critical period overlap between any two target dominant crops is greater than a preset overlap threshold; and assigning non-dominant crops to the corresponding irrigation zones of the dominant crops or assigning them to irrigation zones independently based on the planting area and water requirement critical period of non-dominant crops within the topographic zone.

[0012] In one example, the crop suitability coefficient for each irrigation zone is determined based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map. Specifically, this includes: extracting the parameter values ​​of the dominant crop for each topographic factor within the topographic zone from the crop distribution attribute table; determining the membership degree value of the dominant crop for each topographic factor based on the suitability membership function of each topographic factor and the parameter value of each topographic factor; performing a fuzzy weighted average on the membership degree values ​​of each topographic factor to obtain the crop suitability coefficient of the dominant crop for the topographic zone; and determining the average crop suitability coefficient of the dominant crop within each irrigation zone as the crop suitability coefficient for each irrigation zone.

[0013] In one example, the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient for each irrigation zone is determined based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map. Specifically, this includes: calculating the elevation difference between the average ground elevation and the irrigation water source elevation of each irrigation zone; and matching the elevation difference in the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient mapping table to obtain the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient for each irrigation zone.

[0014] In one example, the rotation irrigation group of the irrigation district is determined based on the water conveyance energy weight combination of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle and the water conveyance energy matrix. Specifically, this includes: weighting and summing each row of the matrix according to the energy consumption weight and water demand weight of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle to obtain the irrigation weight coefficient of each zone; calculating the difference in irrigation weight coefficients between geographically continuous adjacent irrigation zones; and merging adjacent irrigation zones with irrigation coefficient differences less than a preset coefficient threshold into the same rotation irrigation group.

[0015] In one example, the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups within the irrigation district is determined based on the crop suitability coefficient and critical water demand period of each irrigation zone. Specifically, this includes: summing the crop suitability coefficients of the irrigation zones to obtain the crop suitability coefficient of the rotating irrigation group; identifying the common overlap of the critical water demand periods among multiple irrigation zones within the rotating irrigation group as the critical water demand period of the rotating irrigation group; determining the water demand sensitivity coefficient of the rotating irrigation group based on whether the current irrigation time falls within its critical water demand period; determining the initial irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups within the irrigation district by weighted summing of the crop suitability coefficient and water demand sensitivity coefficient; determining the irrigation time window for the rotating irrigation group based on its initial irrigation sequence; and adjusting the initial irrigation sequence based on the average electricity price of each irrigation group within its respective irrigation time window to obtain the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups within the irrigation district.

[0016] In one example, the initial irrigation sequence is adjusted based on the average electricity price of each irrigation group within its respective irrigation time window to obtain the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups within the irrigation district. Specifically, this includes: determining the electricity price factor weight for each rotating irrigation group based on the area ratio between the total irrigated area of ​​the rotating irrigation group and the total area of ​​the irrigation district; calculating the product of the average electricity price and the electricity price factor weight for each rotating irrigation group to obtain the electricity cost of each rotating irrigation group within its respective irrigation time window; selecting a target rotating irrigation group whose electricity cost is higher than a preset cost threshold; determining non-target rotating irrigation groups with the same time window length as the target rotating irrigation group; and exchanging the irrigation sequence of the non-target rotating irrigation group with the lowest electricity cost with the target rotating irrigation group to obtain the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups within the irrigation district.

[0017] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide an irrigation district water distribution scheduling device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute an irrigation district water distribution scheduling method as described above.

[0018] On the other hand, embodiments of this application provide a non-volatile computer storage medium for irrigation district water allocation scheduling, which stores computer-executable instructions that can execute any of the above-described irrigation district water allocation scheduling methods.

[0019] The above-described technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application can achieve the following beneficial effects: Digital elevation models can quantify the elevation differences between different regions, and crop planting distribution maps can quantify crop types, planting areas, and key water requirements. This enables precise zoning based on topography and crops, avoiding one-size-fits-all zoning. It allows for refined irrigation zoning that adapts energy to terrain and water to crops, while ensuring that irrigation zones meet the constraints of consistent terrain and consistent crop water requirements.

[0020] Within each irrigation cycle, the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient and irrigation water demand of each zone are integrated through a water conveyance energy matrix to construct a quantitative relationship between energy consumption and irrigation demand, thereby dividing the irrigation into rotation groups. This allows for the further division of irrigation zones with roughly consistent water demand during their critical water demand periods into the same rotation group, based on the premise that the water conveyance energy consumption and irrigation water demand are roughly consistent.

[0021] Based on this, the system's inefficient operation caused by excessive differences in energy demand within the irrigation group can be avoided. While improving irrigation efficiency, it can also improve the energy utilization efficiency of water conveyance and ensure that crop irrigation needs are accurately met.

[0022] Furthermore, when determining the water allocation sequence for the rotational irrigation group, the influence of growth period sensitive factors is considered. By quantifying the irrigation priority of different crops in the current growth period through crop suitability coefficient and regional water demand key period, it is possible to prioritize high-value output and reduce the risk of crop yield reduction due to irrigation delay. Crop irrigation needs can be accurately met, improving the agricultural output efficiency of water resources and maximizing the benefits of the irrigation area. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, some embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a water distribution and scheduling method for an irrigation district, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an irrigation district water distribution and scheduling device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Some embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an irrigation district water distribution method provided in an embodiment of this application. Certain input parameters or intermediate results in this process can be manually adjusted to help improve accuracy.

[0027] The analysis method involved in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by a terminal device or a server, and this application does not impose any special limitations on it. For ease of understanding and description, the following embodiments are all described in detail using a server as an example.

[0028] It should be noted that the server can be a single device or a system composed of multiple devices, i.e., a distributed server. This application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0029] It should be noted that in the process of establishing an irrigation district, the scale of the irrigation district (such as the area of ​​irrigable farmland), the specifications of engineering facilities (such as the water conveyance capacity of channels and the power of pumping stations) and the crop planting structure are determined by combining the maximum irrigation capacity of the water source. That is, the irrigation district in this application is an irrigation district that has been completed.

[0030] Figure 1 The process includes the following steps: S101: Determine the digital elevation model and crop planting distribution map of the irrigation area.

[0031] One method is to use UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) oblique photography: equipped with an optical camera or LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) device, to acquire high-density point cloud data, and then generate a high-precision digital elevation model after point cloud filtering and ground point extraction.

[0032] For example, GIS software (such as ArcGIS and QGIS) can be used to interpolate discrete elevation points or point cloud data (such as inverse distance weighting and Kriging interpolation) to generate continuous rasterized digital elevation models, which can intuitively present the topographic relief, elevation, slope, aspect and other characteristics of the irrigation area.

[0033] In addition, the crop planting distribution map shows the planting areas of different crops. Multispectral remote sensing images can be collected by drones, and semantic segmentation models such as U-Net and DeepLab can be used to process high-resolution remote sensing images to accurately delineate field boundaries and crop distribution, thereby intuitively presenting the labeled different crop types and their spatial distribution.

[0034] It should be noted that supervised classification algorithms, such as maximum likelihood classification and support vector machine classification, can also be used. First, training samples of known crop types are selected, and a classification model is established based on the spectral characteristics of these samples in the multispectral image. Then, the entire image is classified, thereby classifying the multispectral remote sensing image of the irrigation area through the classification model.

[0035] S102: Based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map, determine the different irrigation zones of the irrigation district, as well as the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient, crop suitability coefficient, and critical water demand period of each irrigation zone; the crop suitability coefficient is used to represent the degree of matching between crop growth requirements and terrain features.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, areas with similar terrain features are divided into the same zone, and the critical periods for crop water demand in the same zone are kept consistent.

[0037] Based on this, the process of determining the different irrigation zones of the irrigation district is as follows: First, the digital elevation model is analyzed using a watershed segmentation algorithm to divide the irrigation area into different sub-watersheds.

[0038] The analysis process of the watershed segmentation algorithm includes steps such as calculating the flow direction matrix, calculating the cumulative flow, determining the watershed outlet and extracting the watershed, and segmenting the sub-watersheds.

[0039] It should be noted that the sub-basins are automatically divided by the watershed segmentation algorithm, and the internal topographic factors such as slope, aspect, and catchment risk are highly similar. For example, water flow in steep slope areas will not converge with water flow in gentle slope areas at the same outlet.

[0040] Then, in each sub-basin, the slope difference between adjacent grid points is calculated, and grid points with slope differences less than a preset difference threshold are merged into the same partition to obtain the topographic partition of the irrigation area.

[0041] Finally, by spatially overlaying the topographic zoning and crop planting distribution maps, the different irrigation zones of the irrigation district were obtained.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the process of spatially overlaying analysis of terrain zoning and crop planting distribution maps is as follows: First, an intersection analysis was performed on the topographic zoning and crop planting distribution map to obtain a crop distribution attribute table for each topographic zoning.

[0043] The crop distribution attribute table includes zoning ID, topographic factors (slope, aspect, elevation difference, soil texture, water catchment risk, etc.), crop type, planting area percentage, critical water requirement period, etc.

[0044] For example, slope directly affects irrigation methods (<5°, suitable for flood irrigation; 5°-15°, suitable for sprinkler irrigation; >15°, only suitable for drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler irrigation), and slope aspect affects evaporation (sunny slopes have 10%-15% higher evaporation than shady slopes).

[0045] Then, from the crop distribution attribute table, crops with a planting area greater than the first preset area threshold are identified as the dominant crops of the terrain zone.

[0046] Then, within the same topographic zone, target dominant crops whose critical water requirement periods overlap with a preset overlap threshold are assigned to the same irrigation zone.

[0047] It should be noted that the distance between adjacent target dominant crops is less than the preset border threshold, and the overlap of the critical water requirement periods of any two target dominant crops is greater than the preset overlap threshold.

[0048] The overlap degree can be calculated as follows: First, calculate the overlap duration between the first and second target dominant crops. Then, sum the water requirement critical period durations of the first and second target dominant crops, and subtract the sum from the overlap duration to obtain the time coverage area between the two crops. Finally, calculate the ratio between the overlap duration and the time coverage area to obtain the water requirement critical period overlap degree.

[0049] Then, the non-target dominant crops are divided into separate irrigation zones.

[0050] It should be noted that dominant crops with a water demand critical period overlap of less than or equal to a preset overlap threshold are considered as non-target dominant crops.

[0051] Finally, based on the planting area and critical water requirement period of non-dominant crops within the topographic zoning, the non-dominant crops are assigned to the corresponding irrigation zones of dominant crops or independently assigned to irrigation zones.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the process of dividing non-dominant crops into irrigation zones can be as follows: When the planting area of ​​non-dominant crops is less than or equal to the second preset area threshold, the non-dominant crops are assigned to the nearest irrigation zone.

[0053] It should be noted that since the planting area of ​​non-dominant crops is relatively small, they are irrigated in the same areas as the dominant crops and are regarded as auxiliary crops. They are managed according to the irrigation time and water volume of the dominant crops, ignoring their small additional needs. This can meet the irrigation needs, facilitate management, and reduce costs.

[0054] When the planting area of ​​non-dominant crops is greater than a second preset area threshold, a target irrigation zone is determined that is less than a preset distance threshold from the non-dominant crops.

[0055] Then, the common overlapping periods of the critical water requirement periods of all dominant crops within the target irrigation zone are identified as the critical water requirement periods of the target zone.

[0056] Finally, when the overlap between the critical water requirement period of the non-dominant crop and the critical water requirement period of the target zone is greater than a preset overlap threshold, the non-dominant crop is assigned to the target irrigation zone.

[0057] It should be noted that when the overlap is less than the preset overlap threshold, the non-dominant crops are divided according to the above-mentioned method for classifying dominant crops: target non-dominant crops with an overlap greater than the preset overlap threshold during the critical water demand period are classified into the same irrigation zone, and non-target non-dominant crops are classified into separate irrigation zones.

[0058] In other words, the dominant crop zones with the closest water demand periods are assigned to the nearest zones, thus setting the tone for dominant crops and flexibly adapting to non-dominant crops, achieving both economic benefits and functionality.

[0059] In summary, by stratifying dominant and non-dominant crops and considering geographical proximity and water requirement patterns, efficient irrigation for large-scale crops is ensured while also addressing the specific needs of niche crops. Furthermore, the aforementioned definitions and rules ensure that irrigation zoning meets both water requirement matching and spatial continuity requirements, preventing irrigation resource waste or crop water shortages.

[0060] In summary, topographic consistency constraints are introduced by dividing the terrain into sub-basins, and crop water requirement consistency constraints are introduced by the overlap of critical water requirement periods, ensuring that the adjusted zoning meets actual irrigation needs.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the process for determining the crop suitability coefficient for each irrigation zone is as follows: First, extract the parameter values ​​of the dominant crop for each topographic factor within the topographic zone from the crop distribution attribute table.

[0062] Then, based on the suitability membership function of each topographic factor and the parameter value of each topographic factor, the membership value of the dominant crop to each topographic factor is determined.

[0063] For example, the slope suitability membership function for wheat is as follows:

[0064] in, s represents the membership degree of the wheat slope.

[0065] Then, a fuzzy weighted average is performed on the membership values ​​of each topographic factor to obtain the crop suitability coefficient of the dominant crop for the topographic region.

[0066] It should be noted that the weight of each terrain factor can be determined using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process).

[0067] Finally, the average crop suitability coefficient of the dominant crop in each irrigation zone was determined as the crop suitability coefficient for each irrigation zone.

[0068] It should be noted that a suitability heat map can be generated in GIS, which can intuitively show the suitability of each plot for crops, provide accurate quantitative support for irrigation zoning, and ultimately achieve the optimal matching of crop layout, terrain conditions and irrigation projects.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, the process for determining the critical water demand period for each irrigation zone is as follows: When an irrigation zone has a dominant crop, the common overlapping period of the critical water requirement periods of all dominant crops in each irrigation zone is determined as the critical water requirement period of the zone.

[0070] When an irrigation zone does not have a dominant crop, the common overlapping period of the critical water requirement periods of all non-dominant crops in each irrigation zone is determined as the critical water requirement period of the zone.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient is used to quantify the impact of terrain features on water conveyance energy consumption. The process for determining the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient for each irrigation zone is as follows: First, calculate the elevation difference between the average ground elevation and the irrigation water source elevation for each irrigation zone.

[0072] It should be noted that the average ground elevation of all points (or representative points) within each zone is calculated. This reflects the average elevation of that zone relative to sea level. The data source is a digital elevation model, specifically for irrigation water source elevation: determining the elevation of water intake points in the irrigation system (such as pump station outlets, reservoir outlets, and canal sluice gates). This is the starting elevation for water delivery.

[0073] For example, a positive value indicates the zone is above the water source. Water transport requires raising the water to a higher position, consuming a large amount of energy (work done by the pump). A negative value indicates the zone is below the water source. Water can flow by gravity, with extremely low or even zero energy consumption (only needing to overcome pipe friction). In this case, the larger the absolute value of the difference, the greater the usable gravitational potential energy.

[0074] It is evident that... Then, the elevation difference is matched in the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient mapping table to obtain the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient for each irrigation zone.

[0075] It should be noted that the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient mapping table is a pre-established lookup table that defines the quantitative relationship between elevation differences and the corresponding water conveyance energy consumption coefficients.

[0076] It should be noted that when determining the final water conveyance energy consumption coefficient, the water requirements of the crop may also need to be considered. For example, for crop planting zones with high water requirements, in order to meet the growth needs of the crops, it may be necessary to ensure that the zone has sufficient energy consumption to provide irrigation water. The water conveyance energy consumption coefficient should be adjusted in combination with factors such as the critical water requirement period of the crop and the planting area to ensure that the irrigation system can provide enough water when the crops need it.

[0077] Based on this, the compensation coefficient for each irrigation zone is determined according to the crop water requirement during the critical water demand period of each irrigation zone.

[0078] It should be noted that the calculation process for crop water requirements during the critical water-demand period is as follows: First, obtain the water requirements of different crop types during their critical water-demand periods from the crop distribution attribute table. Then, calculate the average water requirements of different crop types during their critical water-demand periods. Finally, determine the average water requirements of different crop types during their critical water-demand periods for each irrigation zone.

[0079] It should be noted that for crops with high water demand during critical water-demand periods, the compensation coefficient should be increased to avoid insufficient water supply due to pipeline losses or weather fluctuations. Therefore, the higher the crop's water demand, the higher the compensation coefficient; if the crop's water demand exceeds the water demand threshold, the compensation coefficient is greater than 1; if the crop's water demand is less than or equal to the water demand threshold, the compensation coefficient is less than or equal to 1.

[0080] Then, based on the total planting area and compensation coefficient of each irrigation zone, the matching water conveyance energy consumption coefficient is compensated to obtain the compensated water conveyance energy consumption coefficient.

[0081] The compensation formula is as follows:

[0082] in, To compensate for the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient, To match the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient, For the area of ​​the irrigation zone, The total area of ​​the irrigation district, This is the compensation coefficient.

[0083] S103: Construct the water conveyance energy matrix of the irrigation district based on the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient of each irrigation zone and the irrigation water demand in the current irrigation cycle.

[0084] It should be noted that the calculation process for the irrigation water demand of each irrigation zone is as follows: the water demand of different crop types at the current growth stage within the irrigation zone is summed, and the average value of the summation results is calculated to obtain the irrigation water demand of each irrigation zone.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, the process of constructing the water conveyance energy matrix of the irrigation district is as follows: First, the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient and irrigation water demand of each irrigation zone are normalized to obtain the normalized water conveyance energy consumption coefficient and normalized irrigation water demand of each irrigation zone.

[0086] Then, based on the normalized water conveyance energy consumption coefficient and normalized irrigation water demand of each irrigation zone, the water conveyance energy matrix of the irrigation area is constructed.

[0087] S104: Determine the rotation irrigation group of the irrigation area based on the water conveyance energy weight combination of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle and the water conveyance energy matrix.

[0088] It should be noted that the corresponding irrigation method can be determined by combining the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient of the rotating irrigation group, such as gravity drip irrigation, pressurized sprinkler irrigation, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments of this application, the weighting combination of water conveyance energy may differ for different irrigation cycles.

[0090] For example, different irrigation cycles correspond to different growth stages of crops (such as seedling stage, flowering stage, grain filling stage, etc.), and their water requirements are significantly different.

[0091] Seedling stage: Water requirement is low, but the seedlings are sensitive to moisture (such as the need for stable soil moisture during the seedling stage). At this time, the water requirement needs to be increased to ensure accurate water supply and avoid erosion or water accumulation due to excessive potential energy.

[0092] Flowering and grain-filling stages: Water demand is high and urgent (such as corn tasseling stage and wheat grain-filling stage). At this time, energy consumption should be increased to ensure rapid water delivery to meet peak demand and avoid insufficient water supply due to pipeline loss or terrain elevation differences.

[0093] Maturity stage: Water demand decreases. At this time, it is necessary to balance potential energy and water demand weight to avoid over-irrigation.

[0094] In one example, when wheat is planted in an irrigated area, during the greening stage (when water demand is relatively low), water demand accounts for 60% and energy consumption accounts for 40% to ensure uniform irrigation. However, during the jointing stage (a critical period for water demand), water demand increases to 80% and energy consumption decreases to 20% to prioritize water demand.

[0095] In addition, the periodic changes in climate and environmental conditions lead to different levels of water demand.

[0096] Meteorological conditions (such as temperature, wind speed, and evaporation) in different seasons or periods directly affect crop water requirements and irrigation system efficiency. For example, during the high-temperature period of summer: high evaporation and strong crop transpiration lead to a significant increase in water demand, increasing the water demand weight to ensure that the actual water supply meets the standards. During the rainy season warning period: the water demand weight is reduced to balance supply and demand.

[0097] Based on this, the process of determining the rotation irrigation group in the irrigation district is as follows: First, based on the energy consumption weight and water demand weight of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle, the weighted sum of each row of the matrix is ​​performed to obtain the irrigation weight coefficient of each zone.

[0098] Then, the difference in irrigation weight coefficients between geographically continuous adjacent irrigation zones is calculated.

[0099] Finally, adjacent irrigation zones with irrigation coefficient differences less than a preset coefficient threshold are merged into the same irrigation group.

[0100] It should be noted that the aforementioned merged irrigation groups in the same rotation have similar water conveyance energy consumption coefficients and similar irrigation water storage capacities. Therefore, when the water conveyance energy consumption coefficients and irrigation water requirements are similar, the corresponding water conveyance energy consumption will also be similar.

[0101] In summary, dividing irrigation groups based on water conveyance energy consumption coefficients allows crops within the same irrigation group to be adapted to the same or similar irrigation methods (such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and furrow irrigation). This effectively avoids system pressure or flow incompatibility due to differences in emitter types, preventing excessive fluctuations in pipeline flow. For example, if there are significant differences in terrain elevation within the same irrigation group, the pressure difference at the pipeline ends will be large, resulting in decreased irrigation uniformity and pressure fluctuation losses.

[0102] S105: Determine the irrigation sequence of the rotational irrigation group based on the crop suitability coefficient and the critical water demand period of each irrigation zone.

[0103] It should be noted that a higher crop suitability coefficient indicates a more considerable crop yield, representing greater yield potential and better quality.

[0104] In some embodiments of this application, the process of determining the irrigation sequence of the rotation irrigation group is as follows: First, the crop suitability coefficients of the irrigation zones are summed to obtain the crop suitability coefficient of the rotational irrigation group, and the common overlapping period of the critical water demand period among multiple irrigation zones within the rotational irrigation group is determined as the critical water demand period of the rotational irrigation group.

[0105] Then, the water demand sensitivity coefficient of the rotating irrigation group is determined based on whether the irrigation time falls within the critical water demand period of the rotating irrigation group. For example, the water demand sensitivity coefficient increases as the irrigation time falls outside the critical water demand period, in the early stage of the critical water demand period, in the late stage of the critical water demand period, and in the late stage of the critical water demand period.

[0106] It should be noted that the middle of the critical period (such as the heading and flowering stages of crops) is usually the time when water is most sensitive.

[0107] Then, by weighted summing of the crop suitability coefficient and water demand sensitivity coefficient of the rotation irrigation group, the initial irrigation sequence of multiple rotation irrigation groups in the irrigation area is determined.

[0108] Then, based on the initial irrigation sequence of the rotation irrigation group, the irrigation time window of the rotation irrigation group is determined.

[0109] Finally, based on the irrigation time window of the rotating irrigation group and the average electricity price of each irrigation group in its respective irrigation time window, the initial irrigation sequence is adjusted to obtain the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups in the irrigation district.

[0110] In some embodiments of this application, the process of obtaining the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups within an irrigation district is as follows: First, based on the area ratio between the total irrigated area of ​​the rotational irrigation group and the total area of ​​the irrigation district, the weight of the electricity price factor for each rotational irrigation group is determined.

[0111] Then, the product of the average electricity price and the weight of the electricity price factor for each irrigation group is calculated to obtain the electricity cost of each irrigation group in its respective irrigation time window.

[0112] Then, select the target irrigation group whose electricity cost is higher than the preset cost threshold, and determine the non-target irrigation group with the same time window length as the target irrigation group; Finally, when the time window difference between the non-target irrigation group and the target irrigation group is less than a preset difference threshold, the irrigation sequence of the non-target irrigation group with the lowest electricity cost is exchanged with the target irrigation group to obtain the irrigation sequence of multiple irrigation groups in the irrigation area.

[0113] S106: Based on the irrigation sequence and the irrigation water demand of the irrigation zone in the rotation irrigation group during the current irrigation cycle, water is allocated to the rotation irrigation group for irrigation.

[0114] It should be noted that the irrigation water source situation will be assessed before water allocation and irrigation. For example, firstly, the water source point corresponding to the rotating irrigation group is determined. Then, the current irrigation water volume of the water source point is obtained from the water source capacity table. Next, the difference between the irrigation water volume and the total irrigation water demand of all irrigation zones within the rotating irrigation group is calculated. Then, if the difference between the irrigation water volume and the total irrigation water demand is less than a preset difference threshold, an irrigation water shortage notification message for the rotating irrigation group is generated and sent to the client so that the user can evaluate whether to make adjustments. For example, if the rainfall shown in the future weather information can supplement the irrigation water volume, no adjustment is needed. Alternatively, the user can assess whether to artificially increase the water source. Or, whether to fine-tune the corresponding irrigation zone within the current rotating irrigation group to other rotating irrigation groups.

[0115] In some embodiments of this application, irrigation simulations can be performed on the rotating irrigation group in advance, so that the water allocation and scheduling scheme can be adjusted according to the simulation results.

[0116] Based on this, irrigation simulation of the irrigation district is carried out in the irrigation district hydraulic model according to the water distribution sequence, and the simulated irrigation district characteristic data after each group of rotation irrigation is obtained.

[0117] Then, the simulated irrigation area characteristic data of each group is compared with the theoretical rotation irrigation characteristic data to obtain the adaptation level of each rotation irrigation group. For example, the data difference between the simulated irrigation area characteristic data and the theoretical rotation irrigation characteristic data is calculated, and the data differences of multiple characteristic types are weighted and summed to obtain the feature comparison value of each group. In the adaptation level mapping relationship table, the feature comparison value is mapped to obtain the adaptation level of the rotation irrigation group.

[0118] It should be noted that irrigation district characteristic data may include soil moisture content, power consumption, field irrigation uniformity coefficient (whether there is local over-irrigation or under-irrigation can be obtained through soil moisture content assessment), etc.

[0119] When the adaptation level is higher than the preset adaptation level threshold, the irrigation area is irrigated in rotation according to the irrigation sequence of the rotation irrigation group.

[0120] When there are irrigation groups with an adaptation level lower than the preset adaptation level threshold, an adaptation risk notification is generated and sent to the client so that the user can evaluate whether to make adjustments.

[0121] It should be noted that, although the embodiments in this application are based on... Figure 1 Steps S101 to S106 will be described sequentially, but this does not mean that steps S101 to S106 must be performed in a strict order. The reason this embodiment follows this order is... Figure 1 The order in which steps S101 to S106 are described is provided to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application by those skilled in the art. In other words, in the embodiments of this application, the order of steps S101 to S106 can be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs.

[0122] pass Figure 1 The method uses digital elevation models to quantify the elevation differences between different regions, and crop planting distribution maps to quantify crop types, planting areas, and water requirements. This enables precise zoning based on terrain and crops, avoiding a one-size-fits-all approach and allowing for refined zoning that adapts energy to terrain and water to crops.

[0123] Within each irrigation cycle, the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient and irrigation water demand of each zone are integrated through a water conveyance energy matrix to construct a quantitative relationship between energy consumption and irrigation demand, thereby dividing the irrigation into rotation groups. This allows for the further division of irrigation zones with roughly consistent water demand during their critical water demand periods into the same rotation group, based on the premise that the water conveyance energy consumption and irrigation water demand are roughly consistent.

[0124] Based on this, the system's inefficient operation caused by excessive differences in energy demand within the irrigation group can be avoided. While improving irrigation efficiency, it can also improve the energy utilization efficiency of water conveyance and ensure that crop irrigation needs are accurately met.

[0125] In addition, based on the internal water source and meteorological water source information during the irrigation cycle, the water conveyance energy weight of each zone is adjusted to achieve dynamic division of rotation irrigation groups.

[0126] In addition, the matrix can flexibly adjust the weighting factors (for example, in addition to the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient and irrigation water demand, soil salinization can be added) to adapt to the regional characteristics of different irrigation areas.

[0127] Furthermore, when determining the water allocation sequence for the rotational irrigation group, the influence of growth period sensitive factors is considered. The irrigation priority of different crops in the current growth period is quantified by crop suitability coefficient and regional water demand key period. This can not only prioritize high-value output, but also reduce the risk of crop yield reduction due to irrigation delay, improve the agricultural output efficiency of water resources, and maximize the benefits of the irrigation area.

[0128] In summary, by deeply coupling crop water requirement characteristics with water conveyance energy consumption coefficient calculation, terrain-driven irrigation and demand-driven irrigation are realized, which meets the core requirements of smart irrigation districts for precision, efficiency and energy saving. That is, it ensures the functional uniformity of different irrigation groups, ensures that crop water requirement characteristics are consistent and terrain irrigation difficulty is similar within the irrigation group, and enables unified and efficient irrigation management for each irrigation group.

[0129] Based on the same idea, some embodiments of this application also provide devices and non-volatile computer storage media corresponding to the above methods.

[0130] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an irrigation district water distribution and scheduling device provided in this application embodiment includes: At least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enables the at least one processor to perform any of the above-described irrigation district water allocation scheduling methods.

[0131] Some embodiments of this application provide a non-volatile computer storage medium for irrigation district water distribution scheduling, which stores computer-executable instructions capable of executing any of the above-described irrigation district water distribution scheduling methods.

[0132] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device and medium embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method embodiments.

[0133] The devices and media provided in this application are one-to-one with the methods. Therefore, the devices and media also have similar beneficial technical effects as their corresponding methods. Since the beneficial technical effects of the methods have been described in detail above, the beneficial technical effects of the devices and media will not be repeated here.

[0134] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0135] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the technical principles of this application should fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for water allocation and scheduling in an irrigation district, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the digital elevation model and crop planting distribution map of the irrigation area; Based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map, the different irrigation zones of the irrigation district, as well as the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient, crop suitability coefficient, and critical water demand period of each irrigation zone are determined; the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient is used to represent the degree of influence between topographic features and water conveyance energy consumption; the crop suitability coefficient is used to represent the degree of matching between crop growth requirements and topographic features; Based on the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient of each irrigation zone and the irrigation water demand in the current irrigation cycle, the water conveyance energy matrix of the irrigation area is constructed. The rotation irrigation group of the irrigation district is determined based on the water conveyance energy weight combination of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle and the water conveyance energy matrix; The irrigation sequence of the rotational irrigation group is determined based on the crop suitability coefficient and the critical water requirement period of each irrigation zone. Based on the irrigation sequence and the irrigation water demand of the irrigation zones in the rotation irrigation group during the current irrigation cycle, water is allocated for irrigation of the rotation irrigation group.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map, the different irrigation zones of the irrigation district are determined, specifically including: The digital elevation model is analyzed using a watershed segmentation algorithm, dividing the irrigation area into different sub-watersheds; In each sub-basin, the slope difference between adjacent grid points is calculated, and grid points with slope differences less than a preset difference threshold are merged into the same partition to obtain the topographic partition of the irrigation area; By spatially overlaying the topographic zoning with the crop planting distribution map, different irrigation zones of the irrigation area are obtained.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method involves spatially overlaying topographic zoning and crop planting distribution maps to obtain different irrigation zones within the irrigation district, specifically including: Intersection analysis was performed on the topographic zoning and crop planting distribution map to obtain a crop distribution attribute table for each topographic zoning; From the crop distribution attribute table, crops with a planting area greater than the first preset area threshold are identified as the dominant crops of the terrain zone; Within the same topographical zone, target dominant crops with a water requirement critical period overlap greater than a preset overlap threshold are assigned to the same irrigation zone, while non-target dominant crops are assigned to separate irrigation zones; the land border distance between adjacent target dominant crops is less than a preset border threshold; and the water requirement critical period overlap between any two target dominant crops is greater than a preset overlap threshold. Based on the planting area and critical water requirement period of non-dominant crops within the topographic zoning, the non-dominant crops are assigned to the corresponding irrigation zoning ...

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map, the crop suitability coefficient for each irrigation zone is determined, specifically including: Extract the parameter values ​​of the dominant crop for each terrain factor within the terrain zone from the crop distribution attribute table; Based on the suitability membership function of each topographic factor and the parameter value of each topographic factor, determine the membership value of the dominant crop to each topographic factor. The membership values ​​of each topographic factor are fuzzily weighted and averaged to obtain the crop suitability coefficient of the dominant crop for the topographic region. The average crop suitability coefficient of the dominant crop in each irrigation zone is determined as the crop suitability coefficient of each irrigation zone.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the digital elevation model and the crop planting distribution map, the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient for each irrigation zone is determined, specifically including: Calculate the elevation difference between the average ground elevation and the irrigation water source elevation for each irrigation zone; In the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient mapping table, the elevation difference is matched to obtain the water conveyance energy consumption coefficient for each irrigation zone.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the water conveyance energy weight combination of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle and the water conveyance energy matrix, the rotation irrigation group of the irrigation area is determined, specifically including: Based on the energy consumption weight and water demand weight of each irrigation zone in the current irrigation cycle, the weighted sum of each row of the matrix is ​​performed to obtain the irrigation weight coefficient of each zone. Calculate the difference in irrigation weight coefficients between geographically contiguous adjacent irrigation zones; Adjacent irrigation zones with irrigation coefficient differences less than a preset coefficient threshold will be merged into the same irrigation group.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the crop suitability coefficient and critical water requirement period of each irrigation zone, the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotational irrigation groups within the irrigation district is determined, specifically including: The crop suitability coefficients of the irrigation zones are summed to obtain the crop suitability coefficient of the rotation irrigation group, and the common overlapping period of the critical water demand period of multiple irrigation zones within the rotation irrigation group is determined as the critical water demand period of the rotation irrigation group. The water demand sensitivity coefficient of the rotating irrigation group is determined based on whether the irrigation time falls within the critical period of water demand for the rotating irrigation group. The initial irrigation sequence of multiple irrigation groups in the irrigation district is determined by weighted summation of the crop suitability coefficient and water demand sensitivity coefficient of the irrigation group. The irrigation time window for the rotating irrigation group is determined based on the initial irrigation sequence of the rotating irrigation group; The initial irrigation sequence is adjusted based on the average electricity price of each irrigation group within its respective irrigation time window to obtain the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups in the irrigation district.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the average electricity price of each irrigation group within its respective irrigation time window, the initial irrigation sequence is adjusted to obtain the target irrigation sequence for multiple rotating irrigation groups within the irrigation district, specifically including: Based on the area ratio between the total irrigated area of ​​the rotational irrigation group and the total area of ​​the irrigation district, the weight of the electricity price factor for each rotational irrigation group is determined. Calculate the product between the average electricity price of each irrigation group and the weight of the electricity price factor to obtain the electricity cost of each irrigation group in its respective irrigation time window; Select target irrigation groups whose electricity costs are higher than a preset cost threshold, and determine non-target irrigation groups with the same time window length as the target irrigation groups; The irrigation schedules of the non-target irrigation group with the lowest electricity cost are exchanged with the target irrigation group to obtain the target irrigation schedules of multiple irrigation groups in the irrigation area.

9. A water distribution and scheduling device for an irrigation district, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enables the at least one processor to perform the irrigation district water distribution scheduling method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A non-volatile computer storage medium for irrigation district water distribution scheduling, storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, The computer-executable instructions are capable of executing the irrigation district water distribution scheduling method described in any one of claims 1-8.

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