Semi-automatic settling separation device for plasma blood cells

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical and biological separation, and discloses a plasma blood cell semi-automatic settling separation device which comprises a device body, the device body is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride or polyphenyl sulfone, the device body is of a fusiform structure, the interior of the device body is hollow, a double-layer magnetic suspension head is arranged in the device body, and the double-layer magnetic suspension head is arranged in the device body. The top end and the bottom end of the device body are respectively provided with an energizable electrode magnetic field for adjusting the position of the double-layer magnetic suspension head, and the device body is composed of an upper-layer main body part and a lower-layer main body part which are detachably connected. According to the semi-automatic settling separation device, blood coagulation activation can be avoided; the double-layer magnetic suspension head is designed to monitor the liquid level in real time and change the height of the floating head in time through an external magnetic field, plasma is rapidly and effectively separated, and manpower and material resource investment is reduced; due to multiple interfaces, the injection and collection efficiency of whole blood, plasma and blood cells is higher; the buffer liquid injection pipeline is inclined, so that mechanical damage to blood cells caused by injection is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of chemical and biological separation technology, specifically to a semi-automatic sedimentation and separation device for plasma and blood cells. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of biomedical engineering and clinical testing, efficient separation of plasma and blood cells is a crucial step in sample pretreatment, directly affecting the accuracy of subsequent tests and the integrity of bioactive substances. Currently, plasma and blood cell separation technologies are mainly based on centrifugal force, including low-speed centrifugation and lateral flow continuous separation. While these methods achieve component stratification through mechanical force and can meet certain separation efficiency requirements, blood cells are easily damaged during operation due to centrifugal shear force, equipment friction, and other mechanical actions. This can lead to cell membrane rupture and hemolysis, disrupting the physiological state of the sample and interfering with the detection results of biochemical indicators in the plasma. To overcome the problem of mechanical damage, natural sedimentation has gradually attracted attention. This method relies on the density difference between plasma and blood cells to achieve natural stratification, which can minimize the damage of blood cells to mechanical forces, thereby obtaining blood cell components with intact structure and stable biological activity, and has significant advantages in preserving the natural properties of the sample. However, the practical application of existing natural sedimentation technology still faces technical bottlenecks. Current auxiliary devices for accelerating natural sedimentation mostly use traditional separatory funnels, which have significant limitations: First, insufficient material compatibility: Separatory funnels are traditionally used for separating chemical components and are mostly made of glass. The silica in glass can easily activate the intrinsic coagulation pathway in plasma and blood cells upon contact with blood samples, triggering a coagulation reaction that leads to morphological damage to blood cells and denaturation of plasma components. Second, unreasonable structural design: Traditional separatory funnels are often teardrop-shaped with only a single inlet and outlet, making it difficult to meet the step-by-step operation requirements of blood sample addition, plasma supernatant collection, and blood cell precipitation separation. This easily leads to cross-contamination of different components, reducing separation purity and operational efficiency. These problems severely restrict the application efficiency of natural sedimentation in plasma and blood cell separation, and targeted technical improvements are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a semi-automatic plasma and blood cell sedimentation and separation device to solve the problems of long processing time, easy activation of intrinsic coagulation of plasma and blood cells, and inconvenience of adding and collecting plasma and red blood cells in the traditional plasma and blood cell separation technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a semi-automatic plasma and blood cell sedimentation and separation device, comprising a device body, the device body having a spindle-shaped structure, the device body being hollow inside, and a double-layer magnetic levitation head being provided inside the device body, and energized electrode magnetic fields for adjusting the position of the double-layer magnetic levitation head being provided at the top and bottom of the device body respectively. Preferably, as an improvement, the device body is composed of an upper main body and a lower main body that can be detachably connected.

[0005] Preferably, as an improvement, the material of the device body is polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or polyphenylene sulfone.

[0006] Preferably, as an improvement, the interior of the electrode magnetic field is configured as a hollow open structure.

[0007] In this technical solution, the perforated design not only facilitates atmospheric ventilation but also effectively avoids pressure differential issues caused by sealing during whole blood sedimentation, ensuring the smooth progress of the separation process and further improving separation efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, the side of the device body is detachably connected to an inclined liquid filling pipe, the bottom end of which is connected to the lower part of the lower main body, and a liquid injection valve is provided at the connection point.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the top of the liquid filling pipeline is provided with a funnel-shaped liquid injection port.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the bottom end of the lower main body is connected to a blood cell collection tube, and a blood cell collection valve is provided on the blood cell collection tube.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the lower part of the lower main body is connected to a plasma collection tube, and a plasma collection valve is provided on the plasma collection tube.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, an observation window is provided on the side of the device body.

[0013] The principle and advantages of this solution are as follows: In practical applications, this technical solution addresses the problems of long processing time, easy activation of intrinsic coagulation in plasma and blood cells, and inconvenience in adding and collecting plasma and red blood cells in traditional plasma-blood cell separation technologies. A comprehensive innovative design has been implemented in the structure and materials of the sedimentation separation device. In terms of device structure optimization, the main body of the device is designed as a spindle shape, which provides additional tilting force for whole blood sedimentation separation, accelerating the separation process of plasma and blood cells. Furthermore, the double-layer magnetic levitation head design controls the levitation height of the floating head through an electromagnetic field, while an internal Hall effect height sensor probe enables precise positioning and effective control of the liquid level, providing a more precise means of operation for plasma and blood cell separation. During the separation process, the double-layer magnetic levitation head can achieve stable floating, sedimentation, and positioning under the action of the magnetic field, thereby accelerating the separation process of plasma and blood cells and improving the separation effect. In terms of the injection and separation structure, the inclined buffer injection pipeline provides more adequate buffering for whole blood, effectively avoiding mechanical damage caused by direct impact of whole blood against the bottom of the container or excessive pouring speed. This maximizes the protection of the integrity and activity of blood cells, improving the quality and recovery rate of blood cells after separation. The multi-port, multi-pipeline structural design completely separates the liquid addition process from the collection process of each blood component, effectively avoiding mutual interference and contamination between different liquids. This significantly improves the collection quality of blood cells and plasma, ensuring the purity and usability of each component after separation.

[0014] Regarding the optimization of the device materials, this technical solution selects silica-free materials such as tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyphenylene sulfone (PPS) to avoid the activation of the separated components by glass materials. During the technology development phase, the inventors experimented with materials such as glass, PTFE, PVDF, PPS, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetherimide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEK), and polyamideimide. By adding anticoagulated whole blood and performing thromboelastography (TEG) analysis, it was found that glass materials had a significant activating effect on blood coagulation, with the most significant change in R-value, indicating that glass materials are unsuitable for this separation device. In contrast, the R-values ​​of PTFE, PVDF, PPS, PPS, PE, PPS, PEK, and polyamideimide at different time points remained essentially consistent with the control group, indicating that these materials have minimal impact on the blood coagulation process and will not interfere with the separation results. Therefore, PTFE, PVDF, and PPS were selected as the main materials for this device to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the separation process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a semi-automatic sedimentation and separation device for plasma and blood cells according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: device body 1, upper main body 2, lower main body 3, closing valve 4, electrode magnetic field 5, liquid addition pipeline 6, liquid injection port 7, liquid injection valve 8, double-layer magnetic levitation head 9, blood cell collection tube 10, blood cell collection valve 11, plasma collection tube 12, and plasma collection valve 13. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following detailed description provides further details on specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art; the experimental methods used are all conventional methods; and the materials and reagents used are all commercially available.

[0018] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 The diagram shows a semi-automatic plasma and blood cell sedimentation separation device, comprising a device body 1. The device body 1 has an overall spindle-shaped structure, providing additional tilting force for whole blood sedimentation separation to accelerate the separation process of plasma and blood cells. The device body 1 consists of an upper main body 2 and a lower main body 3, which are tightly assembled via a closing valve 4 to form a complete separation system. Both the upper main body 2 and the lower main body 3 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or polyphenylene sulfone.

[0019] The top (top of the upper main body 2) and bottom (bottom of the lower main body 3) of the device body 1 are each equipped with an energized electrode magnetic field 5. The strength of the magnetic field can be precisely controlled by adjusting the current. The electrode magnetic field 5 is installed as follows: both the top and bottom electrodes of the device body 1 are designed with hollow openings and are firmly bonded to the upper and lower parts of the device body 1 using special adhesive. The opening design at the top not only facilitates atmospheric ventilation but also effectively avoids pressure differential problems caused by sealing during whole blood sedimentation, ensuring smooth separation and further improving separation efficiency.

[0020] An inclined liquid filling pipe 6 is detachably connected to the side of the device body 1. The liquid filling pipe 6 can be made of plastic or rubber, and the specific material is selected according to the actual use and requirements. The top of the liquid filling pipe 6 is provided with a funnel-shaped liquid injection port 7, and the bottom of the liquid filling pipe is connected to the lower part of the lower main body 3, and a liquid injection valve 8 is provided at the connection.

[0021] The device body 1 has a hollow structure in the middle, and a double-layer magnetic levitation head 9 is installed inside. The double-layer magnetic levitation head 9 is made of solid iron and has good magnetism and stability. A Hall effect height sensor is precisely installed in its middle position. When the magnetic field changes, the Hall element can sensitively sense this change and generate a corresponding electromotive force. By accurately measuring this electromotive force, the height information of the object can be obtained in real time. By adjusting the magnitude of the external electrode magnetic field 5, the levitation head height can be effectively reduced. During the separation process, the double-layer magnetic levitation head 9 can achieve stable floating, sinking, and positioning under the action of the magnetic field, thereby accelerating the separation process of plasma and blood cells and improving the separation effect.

[0022] The bottom of the lower main body 3 is connected to a blood cell collection tube 10, and a blood cell collection valve 11 is installed on the blood cell collection tube 10. The lower part of the lower main body 3 is connected to a plasma collection tube 12, and a plasma collection valve 13 is installed on the plasma collection tube 12. An observation window is provided on the side of the device body 1, which can monitor the separation situation inside the device body 1 in real time.

[0023] The specific implementation process is as follows: First, open the injection valve 8, and at the same time close the plasma collection valve 13 and the blood cell collection valve 11. Slowly inject whole blood into the device body 1 through the funnel-shaped injection port 7 along the injection pipeline 6 until the liquid level reaches 50% to 90% of the capacity of the device body 1.

[0024] Then, close the injection valve 8 and turn on the electrode magnetic field 5 and the Hall effect height sensor. Closely monitor the separation of whole blood through the observation window, and adjust the external electrode magnetic field 5 as needed to precisely control the float height and achieve effective separation of plasma and blood cells.

[0025] When plasma can no longer be separated, close plasma collection valve 13 and open blood cell collection valve 11 to begin collecting blood cells.

[0026] Experiment Example 1: Optimization Experiment of Main Material During the material selection process, a variety of materials were rigorously evaluated. Glass, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyphenylsulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, and polyamideimide were selected. The effects of each material on blood components were evaluated by adding anticoagulated whole blood and performing thromboelastography.

[0027] The experimental results are shown in Table 1. The results indicate that glass material has a significant activating effect on blood coagulation, with the most significant change in its R value. This suggests that glass material is unsuitable for this separation device. In contrast, the R values ​​of materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSF), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetherimide (PEE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and polyamide-imide (PAIM) at different time points remained essentially consistent with the control group, indicating that these materials have minimal impact on the blood coagulation process and will not interfere with the separation results. Therefore, PTFE, PVDF, and PPS were selected as the main materials for this device to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the separation process.

[0028] Table 1

[0029] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic plasma and blood cell sedimentation separation device, characterized by: The device body is in a shuttle-shaped structure, the inside of the device body is hollow, and the inside of the device body is provided with a double-layer magnetic suspension head.

2. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device according to claim 1, wherein: The device body is composed of an upper body part and a lower body part which are detachably connected.

3. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device according to claim 2, wherein: The material of the device body is polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride or polyphenyl sulfone.

4. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device according to claim 3, wherein: The inside of the electrode magnetic field is provided with a hollow opening structure.

5. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device according to claim 4, wherein: The side of the device body is detachably connected with an inclined liquid feeding pipeline, the bottom end of the liquid feeding pipeline is communicated with the lower part of the lower body part, and a liquid injection valve is arranged at the communication position.

6. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device for plasma according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the liquid feeding pipeline is provided with a trumpet-shaped liquid injection port.

7. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device according to claim 6, wherein: The bottom end of the lower body part is communicated with a blood cell collecting tube, and a blood cell collecting valve is arranged on the blood cell collecting tube.

8. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device according to claim 7, wherein: The lower part of the lower body part is communicated with a plasma collecting tube, and a plasma collecting valve is arranged on the plasma collecting tube.

9. The semi-automatic blood cell sedimentation separation device according to claim 8, wherein: The side of the device body is provided with an observation window.

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