Sunflower head and sheep manure mixed composting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sunflower head and sheep manure mixed composting device and method, and relates to the technical field of composting devices.The sunflower head and sheep manure mixed composting device comprises a base, a composting tank is mounted on the base, a rotary drum is rotationally mounted in the center of a tank cavity of the composting tank, an axial strip opening is formed in the drum wall of the rotary drum, and a lifting seat sliding along the strip opening is mounted in a drum cavity of the rotary drum; the center of the upper end of the composting tank is further connected with a straight barrel, the upper end of the straight barrel is provided with a lifting stirring mechanism for regulating and controlling the lifting base to move, the upper end of the composting tank is further provided with a quantitative material guiding mechanism and a liquid storage tank, and the lower end of the liquid storage tank is provided with a spray head for spraying towards a tank cavity of the composting tank. According to the invention, the spiral stacking of the sunflower head and the sheep manure is in a continuous manner, the relative contact area of the sunflower head and the sheep manure is increased, and the composting effect, the reaction efficiency and the composting quality are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composting equipment technology, specifically to a composting device and method for sunflower heads and sheep manure. Background Technology

[0002] Composting is a process in which organic matter in agricultural waste undergoes biochemical degradation using microorganisms under specific temperature, humidity, and pH conditions. Among the raw materials needed for composting, sunflower heads contain various elements beneficial to plant growth, such as potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, and aluminum. Sheep manure is rich in nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, all crucial for plant growth. Nitrogen is an essential component of plant cells, promoting plant growth and development; phosphorus aids in root development and flower bud differentiation; and potassium enhances plant resistance and quality.

[0003] Currently, in actual composting processes, sunflower heads and sheep manure are generally simply layered alternately, making it difficult to pile them according to precise proportions. The mixing of sunflower heads and sheep manure during composting is cumbersome, and the relatively low contact area results in low composting efficiency and relatively poor compost quality.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a composting device and method for sunflower heads and sheep manure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure, comprising a base, on which a composting tank is mounted; a rotating cylinder is rotatably mounted at the center of the composting tank's cavity; the cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder has axial slots; a lifting seat that slides along the slots is mounted in the cylinder cavity of the rotating cylinder; a material support plate is sleeved outside the lifting seat; a straight cylinder is also connected to the center of the upper end of the composting tank; a lifting and stirring mechanism for adjusting the movement of the lifting seat is mounted on the upper end of the straight cylinder; the composting... The upper end of the tank is also equipped with a quantitative material guiding mechanism, which includes a feeding box connected to the upper end of the composting tank. The feeding box includes a feeding chamber, a material transfer column chamber, a dispersion chamber, and a discharge chamber arranged from top to bottom. A quantitative component for controlling the material transfer column chamber is installed in the feeding chamber, a loosening component is installed in the dispersion chamber, and a material transfer component for stacking material onto the material support plate is installed in the discharge chamber. A liquid storage tank is also installed at the upper end of the composting tank, and a spray nozzle for spraying into the tank cavity of the composting tank is installed at the lower end of the liquid storage tank.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quantitative component includes a motor five installed at the upper end of the feed box, and a shaft one that penetrates the material transfer column cavity is installed at the output end of the motor five. A guide screw blade that penetrates the material transfer column cavity is sleeved on the outside of the shaft one.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the loosening component includes a shaft three pointing laterally toward the center of the material tray, a sleeve rod slidably mounted on the shaft three, and uniformly distributed stirring rods on the outer wall of the sleeve rod. A motor four connected to the shaft three is installed on the wall of the composting tank.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the sleeve rod is connected to the end of the corresponding shaft rod three by a spring, and the other end of the sleeve rod is equipped with a radial sliding plate. An inclined circular block is installed on the feed box wall corresponding to the sliding plate, and the inclined surface of the inclined circular block contacts the sliding plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material transfer assembly includes a second shaft pointing laterally toward the center of the material tray, and material feeding plates distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the second shaft. A third motor for adjusting the second shaft is installed on the wall of the composting tank, and a metering cavity is formed between the adjacent material feeding plates.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the dispersion chamber corresponds to the inlet of the metering chamber.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the feeding plate is provided with a guide groove pointing to the center of the shaft.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting and stirring mechanism includes a rotating seat rotatably mounted on the upper end of a straight cylinder, a second motor mounted on the upper end of the rotating seat, a screw mounted on the output end of the second motor, a lifting seat threadedly engaged with the screw, a stirring blade hinged to the side of the lifting seat, a lifting rod hinged to the lower end of the rotating seat, the lower end of the lifting rod hinged to the upper end face of the stirring blade, and a blade edge for accommodating the stirring blade on the material support plate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dispersion cavity is provided with a height monitor located above the dispersion component.

[0014] A method for composting sunflower heads and sheep manure includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Set the composting ratio of sunflower trays and sheep manure, and set the speed of motor 4 so that the speed ratio of motor 4 driving the sunflower tray to the sheep manure is equal to the composting ratio of sunflower trays and sheep manure.

[0016] Step 2: Set the number of spiral layers of sunflower head and sheep manure, and set the speed of motor 1.

[0017] Step 3: Adjust the lifting speed of the lifting and mixing mechanism according to the height changes of the sunflower trays and sheep manure stacked on the material tray.

[0018] Step 4: Set the spray volume from the nozzle;

[0019] Step 5: Prepare pre-treated and crushed sunflower heads and sheep manure, and import them into the corresponding quantitative feeding mechanisms for composting.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a composting device and method for sunflower heads and sheep manure, which has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, pre-treated and crushed sunflower heads and pre-treated and crushed sheep manure are added to different quantitative feeding mechanisms and introduced through the feed inlet of the feeding chamber and piled up in the feeding chamber. The quantitative component controls the raw materials piled up in the feeding chamber to enter the dispersion chamber. At this time, the loosening component loosens the raw materials in the dispersion chamber and the incoming raw materials to avoid the raw material particles from clumping. The loosening of the raw materials improves the fluffiness of the raw materials, and the composting raw materials have high air permeability, thereby improving the composting efficiency and composting quality. The volume of the raw materials in the dispersion chamber is set to cover the loosening component. The raw materials loosened by the loosening component are filled into the feeding conveyor and quantitatively conveyed to the surface of the material tray. In addition, the rotating drum is controlled by a motor to drive the material tray to rotate. At the same time, the material tray is controlled to move downward by a lifting and stirring mechanism, so that the sunflower heads and sheep manure are composted in a spiral layered manner, which improves the composting effect of sunflower heads and sheep manure.

[0021] In this invention, the stacked structure is in the form of a spiral layered structure, which makes it easy to adjust the number of spiral layers. It also makes the spiral stacking of sunflower heads and sheep manure highly continuous, and makes the relative contact area between sunflower heads and sheep manure larger, which is beneficial to improving reaction efficiency and compost quality. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the mixed composting device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the composting tank in this invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the lifting and stirring mechanism in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting seat in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feed box structure in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary seat in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8This is a cross-sectional view of the quantitative feeding mechanism in this invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the loose component in this invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the material guiding chute in this invention;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Compost bin; 3. Rotary drum; 4. Motor 1; 5. Lifting seat; 6. Material tray; 7. Lifting and stirring mechanism; 8. Quantitative feeding mechanism; 9. Storage tank; 10. Nozzle; 21. Straight cylinder; 31. Slot; 61. Knife blade; 71. Rotary seat; 72. Motor 2; 73. Lifting rod; 74. Screw; 75. Stirring blade; 81. Feed box; 82. Shaft 1; 83. Motor 3; 84. 85. Motor 5; 86. Guide screw; 87. Height monitor; 88. Loosening assembly; 89. Shaft 2; 810. Material guide plate; 8101. Guide chute; 811. Feeding chamber; 812. Material transfer column chamber; 813. Dispersion chamber; 814. Discharge chamber; 881. Shaft 3; 882. Sleeve rod; 883. Stirring rod; 884. Spring; 885. Sliding plate; 886. Inclined circular block. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Reference Figures 1-10This invention provides a technical solution: a sunflower head and sheep manure mixed composting device, including a base 1, a composting tank 2 mounted on the base 1, a rotating cylinder 3 rotatably mounted at the center of the composting tank 2, an axial slot 31 on the cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder 3, a lifting seat 5 sliding along the slot 31 mounted in the cylinder cavity of the rotating cylinder 3, a material support plate 6 sleeved on the outside of the lifting seat 5, a straight cylinder 21 connected to the center of the upper end of the composting tank 2, a lifting and stirring mechanism 7 for adjusting the movement of the lifting seat 5 mounted on the upper end of the straight cylinder 21, and a quantitative material guiding mechanism 8 arranged at the upper end of the composting tank 2. The structure 8 includes a feed box 81 connected to the upper end of the composting tank 2. The feed box 81 includes a feed chamber 811, a material transfer column chamber 812, a dispersion chamber 813, and a discharge chamber 814 arranged from top to bottom. A metering component for controlling the material transfer column chamber 812 is installed in the feed chamber 811. A loosening component 88 is installed in the dispersion chamber 813. A material transfer component for stacking material onto the material support plate 6 is installed in the discharge chamber 814. A liquid storage tank 9 is also installed at the upper end of the composting tank 2. A spray nozzle 10 for spraying into the tank cavity of the composting tank 2 is installed at the lower end of the liquid storage tank 9. The dispersion chamber 813 and the discharge chamber 814 have a square structure. The feed inlet of the feeding chamber 814 corresponds to the radial direction of the tray surface of the material support plate 6. Specifically, the raw materials for composting, sunflower heads and sheep manure, are pre-treated and crushed separately. The pre-treated and crushed sunflower heads and sheep manure are then added to different quantitative feeding mechanisms 8, introduced through the feed inlet of the feeding chamber 811, and piled up in the feeding chamber 811. The quantitative component controls the raw materials piled up in the feeding chamber 811 to enter the dispersion chamber 813. At this time, the loosening component 88 loosens the raw materials entering the dispersion chamber 813 to prevent the raw material particles from clumping. The material is loosened to improve its fluffiness. The compost material has high air permeability, which improves composting efficiency and quality. The volume of the material in the loosening chamber 813 is set to cover the loosening component 88. The material loosened by the loosening component 88 is then fed into the material transfer component and quantitatively transferred to the surface of the material tray 6. In addition, the rotating drum 3 is controlled by the motor 4 to rotate, which drives the material tray 6 to rotate. At the same time, the material tray 6 is controlled to move downward by the lifting and stirring mechanism 7, which enables the sunflower trays and sheep manure to be composted in a spiral layered manner, improving the composting effect of the sunflower trays and sheep manure.

[0034] In this embodiment, the metering component includes a motor 85 mounted on the upper end of the feed box 81. The output end of the motor 85 is equipped with a shaft 82 that penetrates the feed column cavity 812. A guide vane 86 that penetrates the feed column cavity 812 is sleeved on the outside of the shaft 82. When the guide vane 86 is not rotating, it can prevent the raw material in the feed cavity 811 from flowing into the dispersion cavity 813. By controlling the rotation of the guide vane 86, the flow of the raw material in the feed cavity 811 into the dispersion cavity 813 is controlled. By controlling the rotation speed of the motor 85, the flow rate of the raw material in the feed cavity 811 into the dispersion cavity 813 is controlled.

[0035] In this embodiment, the loosening component 88 includes a shaft 881 that points laterally toward the axis of the material tray 6. A sleeve 882 is slidably mounted on the shaft 881. The outer wall of the sleeve 882 is provided with uniformly distributed stirring rods 883. A motor 84 connected to the shaft 881 is installed on the wall of the composting tank 2. The sleeve 882 slides unidirectionally on the shaft 881. The motor 84 controls the rotation of the shaft 881, which in turn drives the sleeve 882 to rotate. The sleeve 882 drives the stirring rods 883 to disperse the raw materials in the uniform dispersion chamber 813.

[0036] In this embodiment, one end of the sleeve rod 882 is connected to the end of the corresponding shaft rod 881 by a spring 884. The other end of the sleeve rod 882 is equipped with a radial slide plate 885. A inclined circular block 886 is installed on the wall of the feed box 81 corresponding to the slide plate 885. The inclined surface of the inclined circular block 886 contacts the slide plate 885. When the sleeve rod 882 rotates, the sleeve rod 882 drives the slide plate 885 to rotate. When the slide plate 885 rotates the low potential surface of the inclined circular block 886, the spring 884 extends to push the sleeve rod 882. When the slide plate 885 rotates the high potential surface of the inclined circular block 886, the spring 884 is compressed, so that the slide plate 885 and the inclined surface of the inclined circular block 886 are in real-time contact. This allows the sleeve rod 882 to move axially during rotation, thereby improving the loose and uniform effect of the raw material in the dispersion cavity 813, so that the raw material in the dispersion cavity 813 can be evenly and loosely filled into the metering cavity.

[0037] In this embodiment, the material transfer assembly includes a shaft 89 that points laterally toward the center of the material tray 6. Material feeding plates 810 are distributed around the outer circumference of the shaft 89. A motor 83 that controls the shaft 89 is installed on the wall of the compost tank 2. Adjacent material feeding plates 810 form a metering cavity.

[0038] In this embodiment, the outlet of the uniform dispersion chamber 813 corresponds to the inlet of the metering chamber, so that the raw material in the uniform dispersion chamber 813 can be fully filled into the metering chamber.

[0039] In this embodiment, the surface of the feeding plate 810 is provided with a guide groove 8101 pointing to the axis of the shaft 89, so that the raw material in the metering cavity can fall smoothly and fully onto the surface of the feeding tray 6.

[0040] In this embodiment, the lifting and stirring mechanism 7 includes a rotating seat 71 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the straight cylinder 21. A second motor 72 is mounted on the upper end of the rotating seat 71, and a screw 74 is mounted on the output end of the second motor 72. A lifting seat 5 is threaded onto the screw 74. A stirring blade 75 is hinged to the side of the lifting seat 5. A lifting rod 73 is also hinged to the lower end of the rotating seat 71. The lower end of the lifting rod 73 is hinged to the upper end face of the stirring blade 75. The material support plate 6 is provided with a blade edge 61 for accommodating the stirring blade 75. When the material support plate... When receiving sunflower heads and sheep manure, the mixing blade 75 is housed in the blade opening 61. That is, when the motor 2 72 controls the screw 74 to drive the lifting seat 5 to descend, the lifting rod 73 also extends synchronously. After the sunflower heads and sheep manure have been received and composted for a certain period of time, if it is necessary to stir them according to the composting situation, the lifting rod 73 can be retracted to control the mixing blade 75 to tilt upward. In conjunction with the motor 1 4 driving the rotating drum 3 to rotate, the raw materials for composting can be stirred.

[0041] In this embodiment, the dispersion chamber 813 is equipped with a height monitor 87 located above the loosening component 88. The height monitor 87 monitors the accumulation of raw materials in the dispersion chamber 813, ensuring that the raw materials completely cover the loosening component 88, that is, completely cover the stirring rod 883, so that the metering chamber is fully and evenly filled with raw materials. If the raw materials in the dispersion chamber 813 do not completely cover the stirring rod 883, feedback is given to the metering component to increase the flow rate introduced into the dispersion chamber 813 by the metering component.

[0042] In practice, the following steps are included:

[0043] Step 1: Set the composting ratio of sunflower trays and sheep manure. Set the speed of motor 484 so that the speed ratio of motor 484 driving the sunflower trays to motor 484 driving the sheep manure is equal to the composting ratio of sunflower trays and sheep manure. This allows the sunflower trays and sheep manure to be introduced and stacked in real time according to the ratio, making the ratio of sunflower trays and sheep manure compost more accurate, avoiding waste of raw material resources, saving mixing time, and improving composting efficiency.

[0044] Step 2: Set the number of spiral layers of sunflower disc and sheep manure, and set the speed of motor 4. The higher the number of spiral layers of sunflower disc and sheep manure, the larger the relative contact area between sunflower disc and sheep manure, and the thinner the single layer thickness of sunflower disc and sheep manure, which is beneficial to improving reaction efficiency.

[0045] Step 3: Based on the height changes of the sunflower trays and sheep manure stacked on the material tray 6, set the lifting speed of the lifting and mixing mechanism 7 to ensure the continuity of the spiral stacking of the sunflower trays and sheep manure.

[0046] Step 4: Set the spray volume of nozzle 10;

[0047] Step 5: Prepare pre-treated and crushed sunflower heads and sheep manure, and introduce them into the corresponding quantitative feeding mechanism 8 for composting. After composting for a certain period of time, if it is necessary to stir the compost, the lifting rod 73 will retract, which will control the stirring blade 75 to tilt upward. Then, the motor 4 will drive the rotating drum 3 to rotate, thus stirring the raw materials of the compost.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure, comprising a base (1) on which a composting tank (2) is mounted, characterized in that, A rotating cylinder (3) is rotatably installed at the center of the composting tank (2). The cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder (3) is provided with an axial slot (31). A lifting seat (5) that slides along the slot (31) is installed in the cylinder cavity of the rotating cylinder (3). A material support plate (6) is sleeved on the outside of the lifting seat (5). A straight cylinder (21) is also connected to the center of the upper end of the composting tank (2). A lifting and stirring mechanism (7) for adjusting the movement of the lifting seat (5) is installed at the upper end of the straight cylinder (21). A quantitative material guiding mechanism (8) is also provided at the upper end of the composting tank (2). The quantitative material guiding mechanism (8) includes components connected to the upper end of the composting tank (2). The feed box (81) includes a feed chamber (811), a transfer column chamber (812), a dispersion chamber (813), and a discharge chamber (814) connected from top to bottom. The feed chamber (811) is equipped with a quantitative component for regulating the transfer column chamber (812), the dispersion chamber (813) is equipped with a loosening component (88), and the discharge chamber (814) is equipped with a transfer component for stacking material onto the material tray (6). The composting tank (2) is also equipped with a liquid storage tank (9) at the upper end, and a spray nozzle (10) for spraying into the tank cavity of the composting tank (2) is installed at the lower end of the liquid storage tank (9). The loosening component (88) includes a shaft three (881) that points laterally toward the axis of the material tray (6), a sleeve rod (882) that is slidably mounted on the shaft three (881), and uniformly distributed stirring rods (883) on the outer wall of the sleeve rod (882). A motor four (84) connected to the shaft three (881) is installed on the wall of the composting tank (2). One end of the sleeve rod (882) is connected to the end of the corresponding shaft rod three (881) by a spring (884). The other end of the sleeve rod (882) is equipped with a radial slide plate (885). A inclined circular block (886) is installed on the wall of the feed box (81) corresponding to the slide plate (885). The inclined surface of the inclined circular block (886) is in contact with the slide plate (885). The lifting and stirring mechanism (7) includes a rotating seat (71) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the straight cylinder (21). A second motor (72) is mounted on the upper end of the rotating seat (71). A screw (74) is mounted on the output end of the second motor (72). The lifting seat (5) is threaded onto the screw (74). A stirring blade (75) is hinged to the side of the lifting seat (5). A lifting rod (73) is also hinged to the lower end of the rotating seat (71). The lower end of the lifting rod (73) is hinged to the upper end face of the stirring blade (75). The material tray (6) is provided with a blade edge (61) for accommodating the stirring blade (75).

2. The composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantitative component includes a motor five (85) installed on the upper end of the feed box (81). The output end of the motor five (85) is equipped with a shaft one (82) that penetrates the material transfer column cavity (812). A guide screw (86) that penetrates the material transfer column cavity (812) is sleeved on the outside of the shaft one (82).

3. The composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material transfer assembly includes a second shaft (89) that points laterally toward the center of the material tray (6). A material feeding plate (810) is distributed around the outer wall of the second shaft (89). A motor (83) that controls the second shaft (89) is installed on the wall of the composting tank (2). Adjacent material feeding plates (810) form a metering cavity.

4. The composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the dispersion chamber (813) corresponds to the inlet of the metering chamber.

5. The composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the feeding plate (810) is provided with a guide groove (8101) pointing to the axis of the second shaft (89).

6. The composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersion cavity (813) is equipped with a height monitor (87) located above the loosening component (88).

7. A method for composting sunflower heads and sheep manure, comprising using a composting device for sunflower heads and sheep manure as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Set the composting ratio of sunflower trays and sheep manure, and set the speed of motor 4 (84) so ​​that the speed ratio of motor 4 (84) driving the sunflower tray to guide the material is equal to the composting ratio of sunflower trays and sheep manure. Step 2: Set the number of spiral layers of sunflower disc and sheep manure, and set the speed of motor 1 (4); Step 3: Based on the height changes of the sunflower trays and sheep manure stacked on the material tray (6), set the lifting speed of the lifting and stirring mechanism (7); Step 4: Set the spray volume of the nozzle (10); Step 5: Prepare pre-treated and crushed sunflower heads and sheep manure, and import them into the corresponding quantitative feeding mechanism (8) for composting.

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