Medicinal preparation for treating urinary diseases and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a plant extract with zinc nitrate to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; the preparation method comprises the following steps: loading a natural polyphenol compound onto zinc oxide nano-particles to obtain functional nano-particles; the functional nanoparticles are coated with quaternized chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate, and the pharmaceutical preparation for treating the urinary diseases is obtained. According to the technical scheme, the plant extract and the zinc nitrate are mixed to prepare the zinc oxide nano-particles, the zinc oxide nano-particles have good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, the natural polyphenol compound is loaded on the zinc oxide nano-particles, and then the zinc oxide nano-particles are coated with the quaternized chitosan, the gelatin and the oxidized sodium alginate, so that the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects are achieved. The antibacterial property, the anti-inflammatory property and the stability of the medicinal preparation are better improved, and the targeting property and the biocompatibility of the medicinal preparation are enhanced, so that the prepared medicinal preparation has a better effect in the aspect of treating urinary diseases.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations, and particularly relates to a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Urinary system infection and inflammation are common and frequently-occurring diseases in clinic, mainly including prostatitis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, etc. In recent years, with the change of modern life style and the acceleration of life rhythm, the incidence of urinary system diseases shows a rising trend year by year. Such diseases are not only difficult to treat, but also are prone to cause repeated attacks, decreased immunity, even cause part of physiological function damage, affect fertility, induce urinary system stones, malignant lesions, etc., which seriously endanger people's health. In clinical treatment, western medicine mainly relies on antibiotics to control infection, especially for Escherichia coli, the main pathogenic bacteria, commonly used drugs such as norfloxacin and other quinolone antibiotics. However, long-term use of antibiotics has exposed many problems, such as increased drug resistance, obvious toxic and side effects, high recurrence rate, etc. Especially for chronic or recurrent urinary system infection, simple antibacterial therapy is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem, but may increase the physical and mental burden and economic pressure of patients. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a safe and effective drug preparation that can resist inflammation and bacteria and reduce recurrence, to make up for the shortcomings of traditional western medicine treatment and meet the growing clinical needs.

[0003] At present, most of the drug preparations for treating urinary diseases are prepared by mixing multiple active ingredients extracted from traditional Chinese medicines, but complex interactions may occur between multiple active ingredients, affecting the stability of drug efficacy; some traditional Chinese medicine extracts have complex chemical components and large molecular weight, resulting in poor absorption and low bioavailability in vivo, and fast metabolism and short half-life after administration, which is difficult to maintain effective drug concentration in the lesion site; in addition, some active ingredients are sensitive to environmental factors such as light, heat and humidity, and are easily degraded, which further reduces the stability and therapeutic effect of the drug preparation. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps: mixing plant extract and zinc nitrate to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; loading natural polyphenolic compounds onto the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 to obtain functional nanoparticles; and coating the functional nanoparticles in step S2 with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate to obtain the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases; the zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by mixing plant extract and zinc nitrate have good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and can enhance the efficacy of the pharmaceutical preparation; the loading of natural polyphenolic compounds can further improve the antibacterial property and stability of the pharmaceutical preparation; and the coating with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate can help to improve the targeting property, sustained-release effect, biocompatibility and safety of the pharmaceutical preparation, so that the prepared pharmaceutical preparation has good effects on treating urinary diseases and has less toxic and side effects.

[0005] The present application aims to provide a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps: mixing plant extract and zinc nitrate to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; loading natural polyphenolic compounds onto the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 to obtain functional nanoparticles; and coating the functional nanoparticles in step S2 with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate to obtain the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases; the zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by mixing plant extract and zinc nitrate have good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and can enhance the efficacy of the pharmaceutical preparation; the loading of natural polyphenolic compounds can further improve the antibacterial property and stability of the pharmaceutical preparation; and the coating with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate can help to improve the targeting property, sustained-release effect, biocompatibility and safety of the pharmaceutical preparation, so that the prepared pharmaceutical preparation has good effects on treating urinary diseases and has less toxic and side effects.

[0006] The present application aims to provide a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps: mixing plant extract and zinc nitrate to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; loading natural polyphenolic compounds onto the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 to obtain functional nanoparticles; and coating the functional nanoparticles in step S2 with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate to obtain the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases; the zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by mixing plant extract and zinc nitrate have good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and can enhance the efficacy of the pharmaceutical preparation; the loading of natural polyphenolic compounds can further improve the antibacterial property and stability of the pharmaceutical preparation; and the coating with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate can help to improve the targeting property, sustained-release effect, biocompatibility and safety of the pharmaceutical preparation, so that the prepared pharmaceutical preparation has good effects on treating urinary diseases and has less toxic and side effects. A preparation method of a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, comprising the following steps: S1: mixing plant extract and zinc nitrate to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; S2: loading natural polyphenolic compounds onto the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 to obtain functional nanoparticles; S3: coating the functional nanoparticles in step S2 with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate to obtain the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases.

[0007] Further, step S1 specifically comprises: adding plant extract into deionized water, stirring in a water bath, filtering, adding zinc nitrate hexahydrate, stirring for 1-1.5 h, stirring in a water bath for reaction, calcining after the reaction is completed, grinding to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles.

[0008] Further, the mass ratio of the plant extract, deionized water and zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 9.8-10.2:90-110:1.8-2.2.

[0009] Further, the plant extract is prepared by mixing the extract of Portulaca oleracea, Herba Euphorbiae Humifusae and Herba Asystilae in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-1.5:1.

[0010] Further, the temperature of the stirring in the water bath is 65-75℃, and the time is 1-1.5h.

[0011] Further, the temperature of the stirring reaction is 55-65℃, and the time is 7-8h.

[0012] Further, the temperature of the calcination is 380-420℃, and the time is 1-2h.

[0013] Further, the particle size of the zinc oxide nanoparticles is 50-60nm.

[0014] Further, step S2 is specifically: The natural polyphenolic compound is added to a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water, and is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, then the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 are added, and a stirring reaction is carried out, after the reaction is completed, centrifugation is carried out, washing is carried out with ethanol, and finally freeze-drying is carried out, to obtain the functional nanoparticles.

[0015] In the above reaction process, the natural polyphenolic compound is combined with the zinc oxide nanoparticles through hydrogen bond interaction, so as to load the natural polyphenolic compound on the zinc oxide nanoparticles, and finally obtain the functional nanoparticles.

[0016] Further, the mass ratio of the natural polyphenolic compound, the mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water, and the zinc oxide nanoparticles is 0.15-0.25:90-110:0.15-0.25.

[0017] Further, the natural polyphenolic compound is composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.5-0.6.

[0018] Further, the temperature of the ultrasonic treatment is 40-50℃, and the time is 25-35min.

[0019] Further, the time of the stirring reaction is 22-24h, and the rotation speed is 300-500rpm.

[0020] Further, the temperature of the freeze-drying is minus 50 to minus 40℃, and the time is 24h.

[0021] Further, step S3 is specifically: Sodium alginate is added into deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved, and then hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5-5.5 to obtain a sodium alginate oxide solution, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 are added into anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic treatment is performed to obtain a suspension, the suspension is added into the sodium alginate oxide solution and stirred to obtain a composite solution A, the gelatin solution is added into the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stirred uniformly to obtain a composite solution B, the composite solution B is added into the composite solution A and stirred to react, and then ultrasonic treatment is performed, centrifugation is performed, washing is performed with deionized water, and finally freeze-drying is performed to obtain a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases.

[0022] In the above reaction process, the functional nanoparticles are coated by the gel network structure formed by sodium alginate oxide, quaternary ammonium chitosan and gelatin, and finally the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases is obtained.

[0023] Further, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate oxide to the deionized water is 0.3-0.5:90-110.

[0024] Further, the mass ratio of the functional nanoparticles to the anhydrous ethanol is 0.1-0.2:45-55.

[0025] Further, the ultrasonic treatment time is 20-30 min.

[0026] Further, the mass ratio of the suspension to the sodium alginate oxide solution is 1:1.

[0027] Further, the stirring time is 30-40 min and the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm.

[0028] Further, the preparation process of the gelatin solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of gelatin to deionized water of 0.3-0.5:90-110, the gelatin is added into the deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved in a water bath at 40-50℃, and after cooling to room temperature, the gelatin solution is obtained.

[0029] Further, the preparation process of the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of quaternary ammonium chitosan to acetic acid solution of 0.2-0.3:90-110, the quaternary ammonium chitosan is added into a 1wt% acetic acid solution and stirred uniformly to obtain the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution.

[0030] Further, the mass ratio of the gelatin solution to the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is 2:3.

[0031] Further, the mass ratio of the composite solution B to the composite solution A is 1:1.

[0032] Further, the stirring reaction time is 1-2h, and the stirring speed is 400-600rpm.

[0033] Further, the preparation method of the quaternary ammonium chitosan comprises the following steps: The chitosan is added into deionized water, and then glacial acetic acid is added and stirred until completely dissolved, and then heated to 55℃, glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is added, and stirred at 55℃ for 18h, after the reaction is completed, poured into acetone, and after standing overnight, filtered, the precipitate is collected, washed with acetone for 3 times, and finally dried at room temperature under vacuum for 24h to obtain quaternary ammonium chitosan.

[0034] In the above reaction process, the chitosan has amino groups, and the glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride has epoxy groups, the amino groups on the chitosan can be combined with the epoxy groups on the glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride through ring-opening reaction, the chitosan and the glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride are combined together, and finally the quaternary ammonium chitosan is obtained.

[0035] Further, the mass ratio of the chitosan, deionized water, glacial acetic acid and glycidyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 0.63:50:0.25:1.1.

[0036] A pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases prepared by the above preparation method.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) In the technical scheme of the present application, the plant extract and zinc nitrate are mixed to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; wherein the plant extract is composed of spilanthes extract, ground ivy extract and cat grass extract, which can be used as green reducing agent and stabilizer for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles with uniform particle size, good dispersibility and strong stability, and has good antioxidant properties, which can play a synergistic effect, not only can effectively enhance the antibacterial effect and anti-inflammatory ability of zinc oxide nanoparticles, and reduce the cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles itself, improve its biocompatibility and safety; the zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by mixing the plant extract and zinc nitrate can further enhance the antibacterial performance of the drug preparation, help to reduce inflammation, reduce the occurrence of drug resistance, and effectively improve the therapeutic effect of the drug preparation on the treatment of urinary diseases; the natural polyphenolic compounds are loaded on the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 to obtain functional nanoparticles; the natural polyphenolic compounds are composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester, which can play a synergistic effect and have good antioxidant activity, which can effectively improve the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of the drug preparation, and the natural polyphenolic compounds loaded on the zinc oxide nanoparticles can not only increase the solubility and dispersibility of the natural polyphenolic compounds, improve the stability and bioavailability of the drug preparation in urine, but also can further enhance the anti-inflammatory and immune regulation effect of the drug preparation, while reducing the risk of drug resistance, so that the prepared drug preparation has good therapeutic effect on the treatment of urinary diseases.

[0038] (2) In the technical scheme of the present application, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 are coated with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate to obtain a drug preparation for treating urinary diseases; wherein the quaternary ammonium chitosan has positive charge, which can adsorb and destroy the negatively charged bacterial cell membrane, enhance the antibacterial effect, and the quaternary ammonium chitosan can be combined with zinc oxide nanoparticles and natural polyphenolic compounds to form multiple antibacterial mechanisms, further enhance the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of the drug preparation, the oxidized sodium alginate can help to improve the adhesion of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the surface of urinary tract and prolong the residence time in the infected site, improve the targeting of the drug preparation, the gelatin has good biocompatibility and degradability, which can help to improve the stability and bioavailability of the nanoparticles, the functional nanoparticles are coated with quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate to form a three-dimensional gel network structure which can effectively wrap the functional nanoparticles to prevent aggregation or degradation, better improve the stability and sustained-release effect of the functional nanoparticles, and further enhance the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of the drug preparation, increase the biocompatibility and safety, so that the drug preparation can play a better effect on the treatment of urinary diseases.

[0039] (3) In the technical scheme of the present application, the plant extract is mixed with zinc nitrate to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles, then natural polyphenolic compounds are loaded, and then the quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate are coated, and finally the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases is obtained; The prepared pharmaceutical preparation not only has good antibacterial property, anti-inflammatory property, stability and targeting property, but also has good biocompatibility and safety, improves the bioavailability of the pharmaceutical preparation, helps to reduce the generation of drug resistance, and at the same time, the prepared pharmaceutical preparation has smaller toxic and side effects, and has better therapeutic effect in treating urinary diseases. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] The specific parameters of the raw materials used in the present application are as follows: Portulaca oleracea extract, purity: 98%, specification: 10:1, provided by Lanzhou Waterless Biological Technology Co., Ltd.; Euphorbia humifusa extract, specification: 10:1, provided by Lanzhou Waterless Biological Technology Co., Ltd.; Herba Asystilae extract, specification: 10:1, provided by Lanzhou Waterless Biological Technology Co., Ltd.; Quercetin, CAS No. 117-39-5, product No. Q817162, provided by Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, CAS No. 115610-29-2, product No. BD01112010, provided by Shanghai Bide Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.; Oxidized sodium alginate, purity: 98%, item No. Q-0198452, provided by Xi'an Qi Yue Biological Technology Co., Ltd.; Gelatin, CAS No. 9000-70-8, product No. G810469, provided by Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; Chitosan, CAS No. 9012-76-4, product No. R051510, provided by Shanghai Yinn Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0042] The preparation method of quaternary ammonium chitosan includes the following steps: According to the mass ratio of chitosan, deionized water, glacial acetic acid, glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride is 0.63:50:0.25:1.1, chitosan is added to deionized water, 17.5mol / L glacial acetic acid is added, and stirring is carried out until complete dissolution, then the temperature is raised to 55℃, glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride is added, and stirring is carried out at 55℃ for 18h, after the reaction is completed, pour into acetone (the mass of acetone is 4 times the mass of deionized water), stand overnight, filter, collect the precipitate, wash the precipitate with acetone 3 times (each time the mass of acetone is 60% of the mass of deionized water), and finally vacuum dry at room temperature for 24h to obtain quaternary ammonium chitosan.

[0043] Example 1 The preparation method of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases comprises the following steps: S1: according to the mass ratio of plant extract, deionized water, zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 9.8:90:1.8, the plant extract is added to the deionized water, and stirring is carried out in a water bath at 65℃ for 1.5h, then filtered, then zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added and stirred for 1h, then stirred in a water bath at 55℃ for 8h, then calcined at 380℃ for 2h after the reaction is completed, then ground to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 50nm, wherein the plant extract is prepared by mixing spilanthes acuta extract, perilla frutescens extract and cat grass extract according to a mass ratio of 1:1:1; S2: according to the mass ratio of natural polyphenolic compounds, ethanol and deionized water mixed solution, zinc oxide nanoparticles is 0.15:90:0.15, the natural polyphenolic compounds are added to the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution (the volume ratio of ethanol and deionized water is 7:3), and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 40℃ for 35min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz), then the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 are added, and stirring reaction is carried out at room temperature at a speed of 300rpm for 24h, then centrifuged at 4℃ at a speed of 8000rpm for 15min, then washed with ethanol 3 times (each time the mass of ethanol is 20% of the mass of the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution), and finally freeze-dried at minus 50℃ for 24h to obtain functional nanoparticles, wherein the natural polyphenolic compounds are composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester according to a mass ratio of 0.7:0.5; S3: according to the mass ratio of oxidized sodium alginate, deionized water is 0.3:90, the oxidized sodium alginate is added to the deionized water, and stirred until completely dissolved, then 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5, to obtain an oxidized sodium alginate solution, according to the mass ratio of functional nanoparticles, anhydrous ethanol is 0.1:45, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 are added to anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W, ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), to obtain a suspension, according to the mass ratio of the suspension, the oxidized sodium alginate solution is 1:1, the suspension is added to the oxidized sodium alginate solution, and stirred at a speed of 800 rpm for 40 min, to obtain a composite solution A, according to the mass ratio of gelatin solution, quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is 2:3, the gelatin solution is added to the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution, and stirred uniformly, to obtain a composite solution B, according to the mass ratio of composite solution B, composite solution A is 1:1, the composite solution B is added to the composite solution A, and stirred at a speed of 400 rpm for 2 h, then ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 10 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W, ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), centrifuged at a speed of 10000 rpm for 15 min, washed with deionized water for 3 times (each time the mass of deionized water is 20 times the mass of the composite solution B), and finally freeze-dried at minus 50℃ for 24 h, to obtain a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, wherein, the preparation process of the gelatin solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of gelatin, deionized water is 0.3:90, the gelatin is added to the deionized water, and stirred in a water bath at 40℃ until completely dissolved, after cooling to room temperature, the gelatin solution is obtained; the preparation process of the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of quaternary ammonium chitosan, acetic acid solution is 0.2:90, the quaternary ammonium chitosan is added to 1wt% acetic acid solution, and stirred uniformly, to obtain the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution.

[0044] Example 2 The preparation method of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases comprises the following steps: S1: according to the mass ratio of plant extract, deionized water, zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 10:100:2, the plant extract is added to the deionized water, and stirred in a water bath at 70℃ for 1.2h, filtered, then the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added, and stirred for 1.2h, then stirred in a water bath at 60℃ for 7.5h, after the reaction is completed, calcined at 400℃ for 1.5h, ground, to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 55nm, wherein the plant extract is prepared by mixing the spilanthes acmella extract, the parthenium hysterophorus extract, and the cat grass extract according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.2:1; S2: according to the mass ratio of natural polyphenols, ethanol and deionized water mixed solution, zinc oxide nanoparticles is 0.2:100:0.2, the natural polyphenols is added to the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution (the volume ratio of ethanol and deionized water is 7:3), and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 45℃ for 30min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz), then zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 is added, and stirring reaction is carried out at room temperature with a speed of 400rpm for 23h, after the reaction is completed, centrifugal separation is carried out at 4℃ with a speed of 10000rpm for 12min, washing is carried out with ethanol for 3 times (each time the mass of ethanol is 20% of the mass of the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution), and finally freeze-drying is carried out at minus 45℃ for 24h, to obtain functional nanoparticles, wherein the natural polyphenols is composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester according to the mass ratio of 0.75:0.55; S3: according to the mass ratio of oxidized sodium alginate, deionized water is 0.4:100, the oxidized sodium alginate is added to the deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved, then 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5.2, to obtain an oxidized sodium alginate solution, according to the mass ratio of functional nanoparticles, anhydrous ethanol is 0.15:50, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 is added to the anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 25min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 30kHz), to obtain a suspension, according to the mass ratio of the suspension, the oxidized sodium alginate solution is 1:1, the suspension is added to the oxidized sodium alginate solution and stirring is carried out at a speed of 1000rpm for 35min, to obtain a composite solution A, according to the mass ratio of gelatin solution, quaternized chitosan solution is 2:3, the gelatin solution is added to the quaternized chitosan solution and stirred uniformly, to obtain a composite solution B, according to the mass ratio of the composite solution B, the composite solution A is 1:1, the composite solution B is added to the composite solution A and stirring reaction is carried out at a speed of 500rpm for 1.5h, then ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 12min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 30kHz), centrifugal separation is carried out at a speed of 11000rpm for 12min, washing is carried out with deionized water for 3 times (each time the mass of deionized water is 20 times of the mass of the composite solution B), and finally freeze-drying is carried out at minus 45℃ for 24h, to obtain a drug preparation for treating urinary diseases, wherein the preparation process of the gelatin solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of gelatin, deionized water is 0.4:100, the gelatin is added to the deionized water and stirring is carried out in a water bath at 45℃ until completely dissolved, after cooling to room temperature, the gelatin solution is obtained; the preparation process of the quaternized chitosan solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of quaternized chitosan, acetic acid solution is 0.25:100, the quaternized chitosan is added to 1wt% acetic acid solution and stirred uniformly, to obtain the quaternized chitosan solution.

[0045] Example 3 The preparation method of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases comprises the following steps: S1: according to the mass ratio of plant extract, deionized water, zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 10.2:110:2.2, the plant extract is added into the deionized water, and stirred in the water bath at 75℃ for 1h, filtered, then zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added and stirred for 1.5h, then stirred in the water bath at 65℃ for 7h, after the reaction is finished, calcined at 420℃ for 1h, ground, and the zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 60nm are obtained, wherein the plant extract is mixed by spilanthes acuta extract, perilla frutescens extract and cat grass extract according to the mass ratio of 2:1.5:1; S2: according to the mass ratio of natural polyphenolic compounds, ethanol and deionized water mixed solution, zinc oxide nanoparticles is 0.25:110:0.25, the natural polyphenolic compounds are added into the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution (the volume ratio of ethanol and deionized water is 7:3), and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 50℃ for 25min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz), then the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 are added, and stirred at room temperature at a speed of 500rpm for 22h, after the reaction is finished, centrifuged at 4℃ at a speed of 12000rpm for 10min, washed with ethanol for 3 times (each time the mass of ethanol is 20% of the mass of the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution), and finally freeze-dried at minus 40℃ for 24h, and the functional nanoparticles are obtained, wherein the natural polyphenolic compounds are composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester according to the mass ratio of 0.8:0.6; S3: according to the mass ratio of oxidized sodium alginate, deionized water is 0.5:110, the oxidized sodium alginate is added to the deionized water, and stirred until completely dissolved, then 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5.5, to obtain an oxidized sodium alginate solution, according to the mass ratio of functional nanoparticles, anhydrous ethanol is 0.2:55, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 are added to anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W, ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), to obtain a suspension, according to the mass ratio of the suspension, the oxidized sodium alginate solution is 1:1, the suspension is added to the oxidized sodium alginate solution, and stirred at a speed of 1200 rpm for 30 min, to obtain a composite solution A, according to the mass ratio of gelatin solution, quaternized chitosan solution is 2:3, the gelatin solution is added to the quaternized chitosan solution, and stirred uniformly, to obtain a composite solution B, according to the mass ratio of composite solution B, composite solution A is 1:1, the composite solution B is added to the composite solution A, and stirred at a speed of 600 rpm for 1 h, then ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 15 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W, ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), centrifuged at a speed of 12000 rpm for 10 min, washed with deionized water for 3 times (each time the mass of deionized water is 20 times the mass of the composite solution B), and finally freeze-dried at minus 40℃ for 24 h, to obtain a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, wherein, the preparation process of the gelatin solution is specifically: according to the mass ratio of gelatin, deionized water is 0.5:110, the gelatin is added to the deionized water, and stirred in a water bath at 50℃ until completely dissolved, after cooling to room temperature, the gelatin solution is obtained; the preparation process of the quaternized chitosan solution is specifically: according to the mass ratio of quaternized chitosan, acetic acid solution is 0.3:110, the quaternized chitosan is added to 1wt% acetic acid solution, and stirred uniformly, to obtain the quaternized chitosan solution.

[0046] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that in the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, in step S1, the plant extract is composed of a mixture of purslane extract and Chinese ivy extract, and the remaining steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with Example 3. S1: according to the mass ratio of plant extract, deionized water, zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 10.2:110:2.2, the plant extract is added to the deionized water, and stirred in a water bath at 75℃ for 1 h, filtered, then zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added and stirred for 1.5 h, then stirred in a water bath at 65℃ for 7 h, after the reaction is completed, calcined at 420℃ for 1 h, ground, to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 60 nm, wherein the plant extract is prepared by mixing purslane extract and Chinese ivy extract according to a mass ratio of 2:2.5.

[0047] Comparative Example 2 The difference between the present comparative example and Example 3 is that, in the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, in step S1, the plant extract is composed of a mixture of the extract of Portulaca oleracea L. and the extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr., and the remaining steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with Example 3. S1: According to the mass ratio of plant extract, deionized water, and zinc nitrate hexahydrate of 10.2:110:2.2, the plant extract was added to deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 75°C for 1h, filtered, then zinc nitrate hexahydrate was added and stirred for 1.5h, then stirred in a water bath at 65°C for 7h, after the reaction was completed, calcined at 420°C for 1h, ground to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 60nm, wherein the plant extract was prepared by mixing the extract of Portulaca oleracea L. and the extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. according to a mass ratio of 2:2.5.

[0048] Comparative Example 3 The difference between the present comparative example and Example 3 is that, in the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, in step S1, the plant extract is composed of a mixture of the extract of Portulaca oleracea L. and the extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr., and the remaining steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with Example 3. S1: According to the mass ratio of plant extract, deionized water, and zinc nitrate hexahydrate of 10.2:110:2.2, the plant extract was added to deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 75°C for 1h, filtered, then zinc nitrate hexahydrate was added and stirred for 1.5h, then stirred in a water bath at 65°C for 7h, after the reaction was completed, calcined at 420°C for 1h, ground to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 60nm, wherein the plant extract was prepared by mixing the extract of Portulaca oleracea L. and the extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. according to a mass ratio of 2:2.5.

[0049] Comparative Example 4 The difference between the present comparative example and Example 3 is that, in the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, in step S2, the zinc oxide nanoparticles are replaced with an equal amount of plant extract, and the remaining steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with Example 3. S2: according to the mass ratio of natural polyphenols, ethanol and deionized water mixed solution, plant extract 0.25:110:0.25, natural polyphenols are added to the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution (the volume ratio of ethanol and deionized water is 7:3), and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 50℃ for 25min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz), then the plant extract in step S1 is added, and the reaction is stirred at room temperature at a speed of 500rpm for 22h, after the reaction is finished, centrifugation is carried out at 4℃ at a speed of 12000rpm for 10min, ethanol is washed for 3 times (each time the mass of ethanol is 20% of the mass of the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution), and finally freeze-drying is carried out at minus 40℃ for 24h, to obtain functional nanoparticles, wherein the natural polyphenols are composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester with a mass ratio of 0.8:0.6; the plant extract is prepared by mixing the portulaca oleracea extract, the pereskia portulacastriata extract and the cat grass extract with a mass ratio of 2:1.5:1.

[0050] Comparative example 5 The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that when preparing the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases, the natural polyphenols in step S2 are replaced by quercetin with the same mass, and the remaining steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with example 3. S2: according to the mass ratio of natural polyphenols, ethanol and deionized water mixed solution, plant extract 0.25:110:0.25, natural polyphenols are added to the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution (the volume ratio of ethanol and deionized water is 7:3), and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 50℃ for 25min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz), then the plant extract in step S1 is added, and the reaction is stirred at room temperature at a speed of 500rpm for 22h, after the reaction is finished, centrifugation is carried out at 4℃ at a speed of 12000rpm for 10min, ethanol is washed for 3 times (each time the mass of ethanol is 20% of the mass of the ethanol and deionized water mixed solution), and finally freeze-drying is carried out at minus 40℃ for 24h, to obtain functional nanoparticles, wherein the natural polyphenols are composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester with a mass ratio of 0.8:0.6; the plant extract is prepared by mixing the portulaca oleracea extract, the pereskia portulacastriata extract and the cat grass extract with a mass ratio of 2:1.5:1.

[0051] Comparative example 6 The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that when preparing the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases, the natural polyphenols in step S2 are replaced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester with the same mass, and the remaining steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with example 3. S2: according to the mass ratio of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, ethanol and deionized water mixed solution, zinc oxide nanoparticles is 0.25:110:0.25, caffeic acid phenethyl ester is added into ethanol and deionized water mixed solution (the volume ratio of ethanol and deionized water is 7:3), and ultrasonic treatment is carried out at 50℃ for 25min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz), then zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 is added, and stirring reaction is carried out at room temperature with the speed of 500rpm for 22h, after the reaction is completed, centrifugal separation is carried out at 4℃ with the speed of 12000rpm for 10min, washing is carried out with ethanol for 3 times (each time the mass of ethanol is 20% of the mass of ethanol and deionized water mixed solution), and finally freeze-drying is carried out at minus 40℃ for 24h, to obtain functional nanoparticles.

[0052] Comparative example 7 The difference between the present comparative example and example 3 is that when preparing the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases, in step S3, the functional nanoparticles are coated by oxidized sodium alginate and quaternized chitosan, and the remaining steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with example 3. S3: according to the mass ratio of oxidized sodium alginate and deionized water is 0.5:110, the oxidized sodium alginate is added into deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved, then 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5.5, to obtain the oxidized sodium alginate solution, according to the mass ratio of functional nanoparticles and anhydrous ethanol is 0.2:55, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 are added into anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 30kHz), to obtain a suspension, according to the mass ratio of the suspension and the oxidized sodium alginate solution is 1:1, the suspension is added into the oxidized sodium alginate solution and stirring is carried out at the speed of 1200rpm for 30min, to obtain a composite solution A, according to the mass ratio of quaternized chitosan and acetic acid solution is 0.3:110, the quaternized chitosan is added into 1wt% acetic acid solution and stirred uniformly, to obtain a quaternized chitosan solution, according to the mass ratio of the quaternized chitosan solution and the composite solution A is 1:1, the quaternized chitosan solution is added into the composite solution A and stirring reaction is carried out at the speed of 600rpm for 1h, then ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 15min (ultrasonic power is 100W, ultrasonic frequency is 30kHz), centrifugal separation is carried out at the speed of 12000rpm for 10min, washing is carried out with deionized water for 3 times (each time the mass of deionized water is 20 times of the mass of the quaternized chitosan solution), and finally freeze-drying is carried out at minus 40℃ for 24h, to obtain the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases.

[0053] Comparative example 8 The difference between the present comparative example and Example 3 is that, in the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases, in step S3, the functional nanoparticles are coated by oxidized sodium alginate and gelatin, and the other steps and raw materials are the same as in Example 3. S3: According to the mass ratio of oxidized sodium alginate to deionized water of 0.5:110, the oxidized sodium alginate is added to the deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved, then 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5.5 to obtain an oxidized sodium alginate solution. According to the mass ratio of functional nanoparticles to anhydrous ethanol of 0.2:55, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 are added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic treatment is performed for 30 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W and ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz) to obtain a suspension. According to the mass ratio of the suspension to the oxidized sodium alginate solution of 1:1, the suspension is added to the oxidized sodium alginate solution and stirred at a speed of 1200 rpm for 30 min to obtain a composite solution A. According to the mass ratio of gelatin to deionized water of 0.5:110, the gelatin is added to the deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 50°C until completely dissolved. After cooling to room temperature, a gelatin solution is obtained. According to the mass ratio of the gelatin solution to the composite solution A of 1:1, the gelatin solution is added to the composite solution A and stirred at a speed of 600 rpm for 1 h, then ultrasonic treatment is performed for 15 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W and ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz). Centrifugation is performed at a speed of 12000 rpm for 10 min, and washing is performed with deionized water for 3 times (each time the mass of deionized water is 20 times the mass of the gelatin solution). Finally, freeze-drying is performed at minus 40°C for 24 h to obtain a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases.

[0054] Comparative Example 9 The difference between the present comparative example and Example 3 is that, in the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases, in step S3, the functional nanoparticles are coated by oxidized sodium alginate and gelatin, and the other steps and raw materials are the same as in Example 3. S3: according to the mass ratio of functional nanoparticles: anhydrous ethanol 0.2:55, the functional nanoparticles in step S2 are added into anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W and ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), to obtain a suspension, according to the mass ratio of gelatin solution: quaternary ammonium chitosan solution 2:3, the gelatin solution is added into the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution and stirred uniformly to obtain a composite solution B, according to the mass ratio of the suspension: composite solution B 1:1, the suspension is added into the composite solution B and stirred at a speed of 600 rpm for 1 h, then ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 15 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W and ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), centrifugation is carried out at a speed of 12000 rpm for 10 min, washing is carried out with deionized water for 3 times (each time the mass of deionized water is 20 times the mass of the composite solution B), and finally freeze-drying is carried out at minus 40℃ for 24 h, to obtain a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, wherein, the preparation process of the gelatin solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of gelatin: deionized water 0.5:110, the gelatin is added into the deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 50℃ until completely dissolved, and after cooling to room temperature, the gelatin solution is obtained; the preparation process of the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of quaternary ammonium chitosan: acetic acid solution 0.3:110, the quaternary ammonium chitosan is added into a 1wt% acetic acid solution and stirred uniformly, to obtain the quaternary ammonium chitosan solution.

[0055] Comparative Example 10 The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that, in the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, in step S3, the functional nanoparticles are replaced by zinc oxide nanoparticles in equal mass, and the original step S2 is deleted, and the other steps and raw materials are implemented synchronously with Example 3. S1: according to the mass ratio of plant extract: deionized water: zinc nitrate hexahydrate 10.2:110:2.2, the plant extract is added into the deionized water and stirred in a water bath at 75℃ for 1 h, filtered, then the zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added and stirred for 1.5 h, then stirring reaction is carried out in a water bath at 65℃ for 7 h, after the reaction is completed, calcination is carried out at 420℃ for 1 h, and after grinding, zinc oxide nanoparticles with a particle size of 60 nm are obtained, wherein the plant extract is prepared by mixing the spilanthes acmella willd extract, the euphorbia humilis willd extract and the cat grass extract according to a mass ratio of 2:1.5:1; S2: according to the mass ratio of oxidized sodium alginate, deionized water is 0.5:110, the oxidized sodium alginate is added to the deionized water, and stirred until completely dissolved, then 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5.5, to obtain an oxidized sodium alginate solution, according to the mass ratio of zinc oxide nanoparticles, anhydrous ethanol is 0.2:55, the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 are added to anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W, ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), to obtain a suspension, according to the mass ratio of the suspension, the oxidized sodium alginate solution is 1:1, the suspension is added to the oxidized sodium alginate solution, and stirred at a speed of 1200 rpm for 30 min, to obtain a composite solution A, according to the mass ratio of gelatin solution, quaternized chitosan solution is 2:3, the gelatin solution is added to the quaternized chitosan solution, and stirred uniformly, to obtain a composite solution B, according to the mass ratio of composite solution B, composite solution A is 1:1, the composite solution B is added to the composite solution A, and stirred at a speed of 600 rpm for 1 h, then ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 15 min (ultrasonic power is 100 W, ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz), centrifuged at a speed of 12000 rpm for 10 min, washed with deionized water for 3 times (each time the mass of deionized water is 20 times the mass of the composite solution B), and finally freeze-dried at minus 40℃ for 24 h, to obtain a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, wherein the preparation process of the gelatin solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of gelatin, deionized water is 0.5:110, the gelatin is added to the deionized water, and stirred in a water bath at 50℃ until completely dissolved, cooled to room temperature, to obtain the gelatin solution; the preparation process of the quaternized chitosan solution is specifically as follows: according to the mass ratio of quaternized chitosan, acetic acid solution is 0.3:110, the quaternized chitosan is added to 1wt% acetic acid solution, and stirred uniformly, to obtain the quaternized chitosan solution.

[0056] The pharmaceutical preparations for treating urinary diseases prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-10 are subjected to efficacy evaluation test. The drug efficacy test is carried out for treating gonorrhea, the experimental animals are SPF adult female KM mice, the body weight is 18-20g, including analgesic test, diuretic test and anti-inflammatory test. The pharmaceutical preparations for treating urinary diseases prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-10 are ground into powders, all of which are converted into crude drugs, and are administered intragastrically at 11.7g / kg (daily prescription amount), compared with the model group and the control group, and subjected to statistical analysis, to verify whether the prepared pharmaceutical preparations have the efficacy of treating urinary diseases. The results are described in detail as follows: (1) Analgesic test: KM mice were randomly divided into 15 groups: model group, Example 1-3 groups, Comparative Example 1-10 groups, aspirin (200 mg / kg) control group; each group of animals was respectively given corresponding dose of corresponding drug by gavage, the model group was given the same volume of normal saline, once a day, continuous gavage for 15 days, 12 h before the last administration, the mice were fasted but not watered, 1 h after the last administration, 0.8% acetic acid 0.1 mL / 10 g body weight was injected intraperitoneally to establish the model. The onset time and writhing times (abdominal retraction, stretch hind limbs, hip lifting, crawling, etc.) of mice within 20 min after injection of acetic acid solution were observed and recorded, and the detection results are shown in Table 1 below; (2) Anti-inflammatory test: KM mice were randomly divided into 15 groups: model group, Example 1-3 groups, Comparative Example 1-10 groups, Sanjin tablet (0.7 g / kg) control group; each group of animals was respectively given corresponding dose of corresponding drug by gavage, the model group was given the same volume of normal saline, once a day, continuous gavage for 15 days, 12 h before the last administration, the mice were fasted but not watered, 1 h after the last administration, 0.05 mL of xylene was evenly applied to the right ear of the mice, and the left ear was not applied as a control, 0.5 h after the inflammation caused by xylene, the mice were sacrificed, and ear pieces with a diameter of 6 mm were punched at the same position on both ears, and the weights were measured, and the difference between the left and right ear weights was the degree of swelling, and the detection results are shown in Table 1 below; (3) Diuretic test: KM mice were randomly divided into 15 groups: model group, Example 1-3 groups, Comparative Example 1-10 groups, Sanjin tablet (0.7 g / kg) control group; each group of animals was respectively given corresponding dose of corresponding drug by gavage, the model group was given the same volume of normal saline, once a day, continuous gavage for 15 days, 12 h before the last administration, the mice were fasted but not watered, 0.5 h before the last administration, the mice were lightly pressed on the lower abdomen to expel the remaining urine, and 50 mL / kg of normal saline was given by gavage as a preload for each mouse, immediately after the last gavage, the mice were placed in a 500 ml beaker, filter paper was placed in the beaker and weighed, the weight gain of the filter paper was recorded, and the total urine volume was collected for 4 h, after the experiment, the mice were lightly pressed on the lower abdomen to expel the remaining urine, and the detection results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0057] Table 1 Influence of the drug preparation of the application on the pain response, ear swelling and urine volume of mice Note: compared with the model group, <0.05, <0.01.

[0058] From the data in Table 1 above, it can be seen that, by comparing Comparative Examples 1-3 and Example 3, in step S1, the plant extract is composed of a mixture of spilanthes extract and perilla extract, or the plant extract is composed of a mixture of spilanthes extract and cat grass extract, or the plant extract is composed of a mixture of perilla extract and cat grass extract, and finally a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases is prepared, and the test results are poorer than those of Example 3, indicating that the plant extract composed of spilanthes extract, perilla extract and cat grass extract has stronger antioxidant activity, can have a good synergistic effect, and is helpful for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles, further improving the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of the pharmaceutical preparation, so that it has a good effect on treating urinary diseases; From the comparison of Comparative Examples 4-6 and Example 3, in step S2, the zinc oxide nanoparticles are replaced with plant extracts, or the natural polyphenolic compounds are replaced with quercetin or caffeic acid phenethyl ester, and finally a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases is prepared, and the test results are poorer than those of Example 3, indicating that the zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by mixing the plant extract with zinc nitrate hexahydrate have good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, can reduce the occurrence of drug resistance, and improve the biocompatibility of the pharmaceutical preparation, and have a good effect on treating urinary diseases; the natural polyphenolic compounds composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester have a synergistic effect, which can better improve the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of the pharmaceutical preparation, and further enhance the therapeutic effect of the pharmaceutical preparation on treating urinary diseases; From the comparison of Comparative Examples 7-10 and Example 3, in step S3, the functional nanoparticles are coated with oxidized sodium alginate and quaternized chitosan, or with oxidized sodium alginate and gelatin, or with quaternized chitosan and gelatin; or the functional nanoparticles are replaced with zinc oxide nanoparticles, and finally a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases is prepared, and the test results are poorer than those of Example 3, indicating that the functional nanoparticles coated with oxidized sodium alginate, quaternized chitosan and gelatin can achieve a sustained-release effect, better improve the antibacterial and targeting properties of the pharmaceutical preparation, and enhance its biocompatibility and safety; the natural polyphenolic compounds are first loaded onto the zinc oxide nanoparticles, and then coated with oxidized sodium alginate, quaternized chitosan and gelatin, which has strong antioxidant activity, can effectively improve the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, targeting, stability and biocompatibility of the pharmaceutical preparation, and further improve the therapeutic effect of the pharmaceutical preparation on treating urinary diseases.

[0059] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases prepared in Examples 1-3, compared with the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases prepared in Comparative Examples 1-10, the zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared by mixing the plant extract with zinc nitrate hexahydrate, then the natural polyphenolic compounds were loaded on the zinc oxide nanoparticles, and then the quaternary ammonium chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate were coated, and finally the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases was prepared, which met the performance requirements of the test, while the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases prepared in Comparative Examples 1-10 did not meet the performance requirements, indicating that the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases prepared in the present application not only has good antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, stability and targeting properties, but also has good biocompatibility and safety, and has good therapeutic effect in treating urological diseases.

[0060] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0061] The above is only an example and description of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplements or use similar ways to replace the described specific embodiments, as long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present application, which shall belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: mixing a plant extract with zinc nitrate to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles; S2: loading natural polyphenols onto the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 to obtain functional nanoparticles; S3: coating the functional nanoparticles in step S2 with quaternized chitosan, gelatin and oxidized sodium alginate to obtain a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases.

2. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases according to claim 1, wherein Step S1 specifically comprises: The plant extract is added to deionized water and stirred in a water bath, filtered, and then zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added and stirred for 1-1.5 h, followed by stirring reaction in a water bath. After the reaction is completed, calcination is performed, and the zinc oxide nanoparticles are obtained after grinding.

3. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the plant extract, deionized water and zinc nitrate hexahydrate is 9.8-10.2:90-110:1.8-2.

2.

4. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases according to claim 2, wherein, The plant extract is a mixture of spilanthes acmella extract, perilla frutescens extract and cat grass extract in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-1.5:

1.

5. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urological diseases according to claim 2, wherein The particle size of the zinc oxide nanoparticles is 50-60 nm.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases is prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Step S2 specifically comprises: The natural polyphenols are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water and subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and then the zinc oxide nanoparticles in step S1 are added and subjected to stirring reaction. After the reaction is completed, centrifugation is performed, the functional nanoparticles are obtained after washing with ethanol and finally freeze-drying.

7. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that, The natural polyphenols are composed of quercetin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester in a mass ratio of 0.7-0.8:0.5-0.

6.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases is prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Step S3 specifically comprises: The oxidized sodium alginate is added to deionized water and stirred until completely dissolved, and then a hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 5-5.5 to obtain an oxidized sodium alginate solution. The functional nanoparticles in step S2 are added to anhydrous ethanol and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to obtain a suspension, and the suspension is added to the oxidized sodium alginate solution and stirred to obtain a composite solution A. The gelatin solution is added to the quaternized chitosan solution and stirred uniformly to obtain a composite solution B. The composite solution B is added to the composite solution A and subjected to stirring reaction, followed by ultrasonic treatment, centrifugation, washing with deionized water and finally freeze-drying to obtain the pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases.

9. A method for preparing a pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases according to claim 8, characterized in that, The stirring reaction is performed for 1-2 h at a rotation speed of 400-600 rpm.

10. A pharmaceutical preparation for treating urinary diseases prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-9.

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