Novel insecticidal mixtures for controlling and protecting crops

Abstract

The invention relates to an agricultural chemical insecticidal mixture. The agrochemical insecticidal mixture comprises a biologically active agent selected from the group consisting of garlic extracts, garlic oils and mixtures thereof in combination with a further insecticidal agent selected from the group consisting of neonicotinoid, pyrethroids, pyrrolealkenes, diamides, benzoylurea, METI acaricides, METI insecticides, mesoionic compounds, pyridine azomethine derivatives, and combinations thereof. The insecticidal composition is prepared from the following raw materials: tetronic acid and tetramic acid derivatives, phenyl pyrazole, flonicamid, saflufenacil, sulfoxaflor and a mixture thereof; and a method for controlling pests and protecting a crop from pest infestation comprising treating a crop with an effective amount of the agrochemical insecticidal mixture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an agricultural chemical insecticide mixture comprising a combination of a bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof with other insecticides, and a method for controlling pests and protecting crops from pest infestation, the method comprising treating crops with an effective amount of the agricultural chemical insecticide mixture. Summary of the Invention

[0002] The present invention provides an insecticidal mixture comprising a) a bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof; and b) an additional insecticide selected from the group consisting of neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, pyropenes, diamides, benzoylurea, METI acaricides, METI insecticides, metronidazoles, pyridinium benzoate derivatives, terfenic acid and tertranic acid derivatives, phenylpyrazole, flonicamid, pyrimethanil, flonicamid, and mixtures thereof.

[0003] The present invention further relates to a method for controlling pests, the method comprising treating an infected crop with an effective amount of an insecticide mixture comprising a) a bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof; and b) an additional insecticide selected from the group consisting of neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, pyrrolenes, diamides, benzoylurea, METI acaricides, METI insecticides, metronidazoles, pyridinium benzoate derivatives, terfenicol and tertranicol derivatives, phenylpyrazoles, flonicamid, pyrimethanil, flonicamid, and mixtures thereof.

[0004] The present invention further relates to a method for protecting crops from harmful organisms, the method comprising treating the crop with an effective amount of an insecticide mixture comprising a) a bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof; and b) an additional insecticide selected from the group consisting of neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, pyrrolenes, diamides, benzoylurea, METI acaricides, METI insecticides, metronidazoles, pyridinium benzoate derivatives, terfenicol and tertranicol derivatives, phenylpyrazoles, flonicamid, pyrimethanil, flonicamid, and mixtures thereof. Background Technology

[0005] The cotton aphid, scientifically known as *Aphis gossypii*, is a small insect belonging to the family Aphididae (superfamily Aphidae). It is a common pest in agriculture, particularly in cotton crops, but it can also infest various other plants, such as vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants.

[0006] Cotton aphids feed on plant sap by piercing plant tissue with their needle-like mouthparts and extracting nutrients. While feeding, they can damage plants by causing stunted growth, reduced yields, and the transmission of certain plant viruses. Furthermore, they secrete a sticky substance called honeydew, which attracts other harmful organisms such as ants and contributes to the growth of sooty mold on plants.

[0007] Control measures for cotton aphids typically include the use of insecticides, natural enemies (such as ladybugs and parasitic wasps), and crop rotation practices. Monitoring and early detection are crucial for the effective management of cotton aphid infestations in agricultural environments.

[0008] Pesticides are chemical substances used to control or eliminate harmful organisms (such as insects, weeds, and plant diseases) in crops. They are designed to increase yields by protecting crops from damage caused by pests, resulting in higher yields and better quality crops, and improving cost-effectiveness and efficiency in reducing crop losses. Pesticides are easy to apply and can be used to treat large areas quickly and efficiently.

[0009] Several pesticides are commonly used to control cotton aphids in agricultural environments. It is worth noting that the choice of pesticide can depend on a variety of factors, including the severity of infestation, the specific crop, and local regulations. Some common types of pesticides used to control cotton aphids are neonicotinoid insecticides that act on the aphid's nervous system, pyrethroid insecticides, and organophosphate insecticides. In addition, insect growth regulators (IGRs) disrupt insect growth and development and are frequently used as part of integrated pest management (IPM) programs.

[0010] While the use of chemical pesticides can help control pests, this approach can have environmental and health impacts. Most pesticides are toxic and can have environmental effects, harming non-target species and polluting soil, water, and air. In some cases, toxic pesticide residues may remain on crops even after harvest and processing, potentially entering the food supply and posing a risk to human health. Long-term or excessive use of pesticides can lead to pests developing resistance. Pesticides can pose health risks to humans, especially those who frequently work with or are exposed to these chemicals.

[0011] In recent years, the use of natural pest control agents and natural repellents (bioactive agents) has increased, often in connection with organic farming and integrated pest management (IPM). The following prior art illustrates this trend: WO 2006 / 109028, WO 2020 / 067867, and Lamba K et al. 2020. This trend is driven by several important considerations, including reduced environmental impact compared to synthetic chemical pest control agents, lower environmental persistence, and less harm to non-target organisms such as beneficial insects, birds, and aquatic organisms. Furthermore, it is important to incorporate resistance management to prevent pest populations from developing resistance to chemical pest control agents. Regulatory compliance, human health concerns, sustainability, and consumer preference for organic products are also factors contributing to the use of natural pest control agents.

[0012] Bioactive agents such as garlic extract and garlic oil are well-known natural pest killers and repellents, highly effective against pests. Their composition (including a mixture of thioether derivatives and other hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds) has attracted significant interest from researchers seeking to understand their specific components (Block E. 2010, Khan IA and Abourashed EA 2010, Moore SJ and Lenglet AD 2004), their various modes of action against pests (Plata-Rued et al. 2017, Singh and Singh 1996, Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1999, Correa et al. 2015, De Araujo et al. 2017), and their potential uses in crop protection (Upadhyay and Singh, 2012, Chang et al. 2017, Sheh et al. 2021). However, it is worth noting that while natural pest repellents have their advantages, their effectiveness can vary, and they may need to be used in combination with other pest management strategies to achieve the best results. Detailed Implementation

[0013] definition:

[0014] Before detailing the subject matter of this invention, it may be helpful to provide definitions for certain terms used herein. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this subject matter pertains. For clarity, the following definitions are provided.

[0015] Unless otherwise specified, the term "a / an" as used herein includes both the singular and the plural. Therefore, the terms "a / an" or "at least one" are used interchangeably in this application.

[0016] As used herein, the verb "comprising" and its variations as used in this specification and claims are used in their non-limiting sense to mean including items that follow the word, but not excluding items not specifically mentioned. Throughout this application, the description of different embodiments uses the term "comprising"; however, those skilled in the art will understand that in certain specific instances, the language "substantially consisting of" or "consisting of" may be used alternatively to describe embodiments.

[0017] As used herein, the term "about," when used in conjunction with numerical values, includes ±10% of the indicated value. Furthermore, all ranges relating to the same component or property herein include endpoints, are independently combinable, and include all intermediate points and ranges. It should be understood that, where a parameter range is provided, the invention also provides all integers within that range and their decimal places.

[0018] As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount of an active ingredient commercially recommended for the control and / or prevention of pests. The commercially recommended amount of each active ingredient (usually specified as the application rate of the commercial formulation) can be found on the label accompanying the commercial formulation. The commercially recommended application rate of a commercial formulation can vary depending on factors such as the plant species and the pest to be controlled.

[0019] As used herein, the terms “mixture” or “combination” refer to, but are not limited to, combinations in any physical form, such as blends, solutions, alloys, etc.

[0020] The term "plant health" encompasses a variety of plant improvements unrelated to pest control. For example, beneficial characteristics that may be mentioned include improved crop traits, including emergence, crop yield, protein content, oil content, starch content, more developed root system (improved root growth), improved stress tolerance (e.g., resistance to drought, heat, salt, UV, water, cold), reduced ethylene production (reduced production and / or inhibited reception), increased plant height, larger leaves, fewer dead basal leaves, stronger tillering, greener leaf color, higher pigment content, photosynthetic activity, less input required (e.g., fertilizer or water), less seed required, more effective tillers, earlier flowering, earlier grain maturity, fewer plant nodes (lodging), increased bud growth, enhanced plant vigor, increased plant density, and earlier and better germination; or any other advantages familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0021] The term "in the absence of insect pest pressure" refers to the condition in which insect pests are not present in the plant's growing area, and the condition in which such insect pests are present in the plant's growing area in a quantity that is harmless to the plant and does not interfere with its growth.

[0022] The term "plant growth" refers to the process of improving and promoting plant development to achieve better yields and healthier plants.

[0023] The term "yield" refers to an increase in the quantity or quality of crops or plant products harvested from a given land area or a particular plant.

[0024] The term "plant development" refers to the processes that promote and improve all aspects of plant growth and its life cycle. Enhancing plant development includes the following aspects:

[0025] 1. Growth promotion is established by encouraging plants to grow larger, taller, or more vigorous, usually by providing sufficient nutrients, water, and optimal growing conditions.

[0026] 2. Accelerated maturation is established by speeding up the plant's life cycle to achieve earlier flowering, fruiting, or seed production, which can be beneficial in agriculture and horticulture.

[0027] 3. Improved reproduction is established by enhancing the plant’s ability to produce seeds, fruits, or other reproductive structures, which is crucial for plant reproduction and agriculture.

[0028] 4. Enhanced root development is established by focusing on root growth to improve nutrient and water absorption, which can have a significant impact on overall plant health and productivity.

[0029] 5. Optimization of flowering and fruiting is established by manipulating factors such as light, temperature, and nutrients to encourage more flowering and higher fruit or seed production.

[0030] The term "bud system" refers to the growth and development of buds on a plant. A bud is a small, undeveloped branch that has the potential to grow into a leaf, flower, or new shoot.

[0031] The term "floral system" refers to the growth and development, quantity, quality, and overall performance of flowers on a plant.

[0032] The term "vitality" refers to the process of improving the overall strength, health, and vigor of plants, and thus leading to increased crop yield, better plant resilience, and improved overall plant health.

[0033] The term "Integrated Pest Management (IPM)" refers to a pest control approach that combines various methods to minimize the impact of pests on crops while emphasizing the use of environmentally friendly and sustainable practices. The goal of IPM is to effectively manage pests while minimizing risks to human health and the environment.

[0034] yes

[0035] As used herein, the term "prolonged effect" refers to a prolonged period of insecticidal activity acquired before and / or after infestation, or before and / or after insect damage is observed, and / or when insect stress is low / high, following the application of one or more insecticides to control insect infestation on a plant or site. Insect stress can be assessed based on conditions related to insect development, such as population density and certain environmental conditions.

[0036] As used herein, the phrase "agriculturally acceptable carrier" means a carrier known and accepted in the art for the formulation of compositions for agricultural or horticultural purposes. Such agriculturally acceptable carriers may be, but are not limited to, water, organic oils, clay, granules, aerosols, microencapsulated materials, and fertilizers.

[0037] As used herein, the term "pesticide" refers to any substance or mixture of substances intended for the prevention, destruction, repulsion or mitigation of pests, such as insecticides and fungicides.

[0038] As used herein, the term “insecticide” broadly refers to compounds that kill, control, repel, or mitigate one or more insect species. For chemical categories and applications, as well as specific compounds in each category, see “The Pesticide Manual Thirteenth Edition” (British Crop Protection Council, Hampshire, UK, 2003) and “The e-Pesticide Manual, Version 3” (British Crop Protection Council, Hampshire, UK, 2003-04), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0039] As used herein, the terms "plant" or "crop" refer to, but are not limited to, whole plants, plant organs (e.g., leaves, stems, twigs, roots, trunks, branches, buds, fruits), plant cells, or plant seeds. The term also encompasses plant crops such as canola (e.g., canola), cotton, rice, bananas, potatoes (including sweet potatoes), coffee, sugarcane, citrus fruits, legumes, sunflowers, corn, soybeans, wheat, barley, oats, chickpeas, fruit trees, nut trees (e.g., apricot trees), lentils, sorghum, alfalfa, rapeseed, fruit vegetables (e.g., tomatoes, peppers, chili peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, squash), tea, bulbous vegetables (e.g., onions, leeks), grapes, pome fruits (e.g., apples, pears), and stone fruits (e.g., pears, plums). In some embodiments, the term "plant" may include its propagation material.

[0040] As used herein, the term "plant propagation material" refers to, but is not limited to, all reproductive parts of a plant (such as seeds) and vegetative plant material (such as cuttings and tubers) that can be used for plant propagation, including tubers, spores, bulbs, rhizomes, bud-based branchlets, stolons, and buds, as well as other parts of the plant (including seedlings and young plants) that will be transplanted after germination or after emergence from the soil.

[0041] As used herein, the term "site" refers not only to areas where pests such as insecticides may have grown, but also to areas not yet attacked by said pests, as well as cultivated areas. Sites include crops and their propagation material (all reproductive parts of the crop, such as seeds, and vegetative plant material that can be used for plant propagation, such as cuttings and tubers)). Examples of crop propagation material include seeds, tubers, spores, bulbs, rhizomes, bud-based branchlets, stolons, buds, and other parts of the plant, including seedlings and young plants, which can be transplanted after germination or emergence from the soil. Sites also include the area surrounding the crop and the crop's growing medium, such as soil and crop fields.

[0042] As used herein, the term “treatment of plants or sites to resist insect and / or mite pests” includes, but is not limited to, protecting plants or sites to resist and / or controlling insect and / or mite pests on plants or sites.

[0043] As used herein, the term "control / controlling" means, but is not limited to, any killing, growth regulation, inhibition, or intervention in the normal life cycle of a given pest. These terms include, for example, preventing larvae from developing into mature insects, regulating the emergence of pests from eggs (including preventing hatching, degrading egg material, suffocation, reducing intestinal motility, inhibiting chitin formation, disrupting mating or sexual communication, and preventing feeding activities.

[0044] As used herein, the term “protection” means, but is not limited to, any act that blocks, restricts, limits, fixes, or prohibits the presence of insect and / or mite pests.

[0045] As used in this article, the term "ha" refers to a hectare.

[0046] As used in this article, the term “METI” refers to an inhibitor of electron transport in mitochondrial complex I.

[0047] As used in this article, the term "cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii)" refers to insects of the family Aphidae (superfamily Aphidae), but not limited to the family Aphidae. Other names include, but are not limited to, cotton aphid, melon aphid, and melon-cotton aphid.

[0048] As used in this article, the term "thrips" refers to, but is not limited to, insects of the family Physopoda in the order Thysanoptera. Other names include, but are not limited to, "Physopoda".

[0049] Agricultural chemical compositions of the subject of this invention :

[0050] The present invention provides an insecticidal mixture comprising a) a bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof; and b) an additional insecticide selected from the group consisting of neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, pyrrolenes, diamides, benzoylurea, METI acaricides and insecticides, metronidazoles, pyridinium benzoate derivatives, terfenic acid and tertranic acid derivatives, phenylpyrazoles, flonicamid, pyrimethanil, flonicamid, and mixtures thereof.

[0051] According to the examples, the bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof a) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: diallyl thiosulfate (allicin), allyl methyl sulfide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), diallyl tetrasulfide, E / Z-ajoene, S-allyl-cysteine ​​(SAC), S-allyl-cysteine ​​sulfoxide (allicin), propionaldehyde, dipropyl disulfide, citral, geraniol, linalool, α- and β-phellandrene, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and mixtures thereof.

[0052] According to the embodiments, the bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof a) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: diallyl thiosulfate (allicin), allyl methyl sulfide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), diallyl tetrasulfide, E / Z-ajoene, S-allyl-cysteine ​​(SAC), S-allyl-cysteine ​​sulfoxide (allicin), propionaldehyde, and dipropyl disulfide.

[0053] According to the embodiments, the bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof a) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: diallyl thiosulfate (allicin), allyl methyl sulfide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS).

[0054] According to the embodiments, the bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof a) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS).

[0055] According to the embodiments, the bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof a) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS).

[0056] According to the embodiments, the amount of diallyl sulfide (DAS) is 1% to 30% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof, more preferably 5% to 25% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof, and most preferably 10% to 20% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0057] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl sulfide (DAS) is 30% to 40% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0058] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl sulfide (DAS) is 20% to 30% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0059] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl sulfide (DAS) is 10% to 20% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0060] According to the embodiments, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DADS) is 1% to 70% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof, more preferably 5% to 60% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof, and most preferably 10% to 30% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0061] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DADS) is 55% to 65% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0062] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DADS) is 45% to 55% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0063] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DADS) is 35% to 45% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0064] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DADS) is 25% to 35% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0065] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DADS) is 15% to 25% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0066] According to the embodiments, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DATS) is 1% to 40% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof, more preferably 5% to 30% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof, and most preferably 10% to 25% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0067] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DATS) is 15% to 25% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0068] According to the examples, the amount of diallyl disulfide (DATS) is 5% to 15% by weight of the total bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof.

[0069] According to an example, a bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof is produced by a solvent extraction process, wherein the source garlic is mixed with water and the active compound is separated by distillation.

[0070] According to an example, a bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof is produced by a solvent extraction process, wherein the source garlic is mixed with an alcohol solvent and the active compound is separated by distillation.

[0071] According to another embodiment, the bioactive agent selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof is produced by separating the juice of garlic from its solid portion by applying mechanical pressure and filtration.

[0072] According to another embodiment, garlic oil can be produced by steam distillation of garlic extract to obtain a cleaner mixture of allyl / methyl mixed polysulfides.

[0073] According to the embodiments, the addition of certain components (i.e., diallyl disulfide or diallyl trisulfide) in the final formulation can occur artificially after the above methods are completed to improve bioperformance, but bioperformance may vary between different batches.

[0074] Garlic extract as, for example, Bralic ® Commercial products from ADAMA are available, or can be prepared according to the methods described in Soteyome, T. et al., “Preparation and processing of garlic extract and its further application on anti-fungal activity”, Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 10(2S) 2021-2035, 2023.

[0075] Garlic oil is available as a commercial product, BioRepel, or can be prepared according to the method described in Stanway, P. (2012). “The Miracle of Garlic: Practical Tips for Health & Home” Watkins Media, p. 25. Retrieved December 29, 2017.

[0076] Garlic juice as a commercial product: Garlic Barrier® It can be obtained or prepared according to the method described in Trivedi A., “Antimicrobial activity of fresh garlic juice: An in vitro study” AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda) Apr–Jun; 36(2): 203–207, 2015.

[0077] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a neonicotinoid selected from the group consisting of: acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiamethoxam, and mixtures thereof.

[0078] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a neonicotinoid selected from the group consisting of acetamiprid, imidacloprid, and mixtures thereof.

[0079] According to an embodiment, the other insecticide b) is acetamiprid.

[0080] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a pyrethroid selected from the group consisting of: flufenacet, allethrin, d-cis-trans allethrin, d-trans allethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, s-cyclopentenyl isomer, biobenzylfuran, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, β-cyhalothrin, cyhalothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, γ-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, α-cyhalothrin, β-cyhalothrin, θ-cyhalothrin Cypermethrin, ζ-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, deltamethrin, fenpyroxene, cis-cypermethrin, fenpyroxene, cypermethrin, cypermethrin, flufenoxuron, flufenoxuron, τ-flumethrin, benzylpyridinium, pyrethrin, thiamethoxam, benzylpyrethrin, fenpyroxene, pyrethrin, pyrethrin, benzylpyrethrin, flusilylpyrethrin, heptafluthrin, pyrethrin, tetrabromopyrethrin, tetrafluorobenzylpyrethrin, and mixtures thereof.

[0081] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a pyrethroid selected from the group consisting of: bifenthrin, λ-cyhalothrin, τ-flumethrin, and mixtures thereof.

[0082] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is bifenthrin.

[0083] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is λ-cyhalothrin.

[0084] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is τ-flumethrin.

[0085] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a diamide selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole, bromonitrile cyanamide, cyclobrombutamide, flubendiamide, tetrazolium amide, and mixtures thereof.

[0086] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a diamide selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole, bromonitrile cyanamide, cyclobrombutamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0087] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is benzoylurea selected from the group consisting of: bis(triflufenican), flufenoxuron, diflubenzuron, flucyclobenzuron, flufenoxuron, flufenoxuron, lufenuron, flufenoxuron, polyfluorourea, flufenoxuron, chlorfenapyr, and mixtures thereof.

[0088] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a METI acaricide or METI insecticide selected from the group consisting of: quinclorac, azoxystrobin, pyridaben, pyrimethanil, pyridaben, pyrimethanil, azoxystrobin, and mixtures thereof.

[0089] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is acetamiprid.

[0090] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a mesoionic compound selected from the group consisting of: trifluoropyrimidine, dichlorothiapyrimidine, and mixtures thereof.

[0091] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a pyridine azomethyl derivative selected from the group consisting of: pymetrozine, fipronil, and mixtures thereof.

[0092] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is pymetrozine.

[0093] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is flufenoxuron.

[0094] According to an embodiment, the additional insecticide b) is a derivative of terfenicol and tertranicol selected from the group consisting of: spirodiclofen, spirodiclofen, methoxypyridine ethyl ester, spirotetramat, and mixtures thereof.

[0095] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is spirotetramat.

[0096] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is a phenylpyrazole selected from the group consisting of acetamiprid, fipronil, and mixtures thereof.

[0097] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is fipronil.

[0098] According to the embodiments, the additional insecticide b) is selected from the group consisting of: pyrimethanil, azadirachtin, bispyribac-methyl, difenoconazole, flonicamid, and mixtures thereof.

[0099] According to an example, the additional insecticide b) is azadirachtin.

[0100] According to an example, the other insecticide b) is pyrimethanil.

[0101] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is buprofen.

[0102] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is dipropionyl ester.

[0103] According to the embodiments, the other insecticide b) is flonicamid.

[0104] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 100:1 to 1:100, 50:1 to 1:50, 25:1 to 1:25, 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 2:1 to 1:2.

[0105] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 2:1 to 1:2.

[0106] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 10:1 to 1:10.

[0107] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 5:1 to 1:5.

[0108] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 2:1 to 1:2.

[0109] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 100:1, 50:1, 25:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:25, 1:50, 1:100.

[0110] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 10:1, 7:1, 5:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, 1:10.

[0111] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 10:1, 5:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1:10.

[0112] According to an example, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 10:1.

[0113] According to an example, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 1:10.

[0114] According to an example, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 5:1.

[0115] According to an example, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 1:5.

[0116] According to an example, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 2:1.

[0117] According to an example, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 1:2.

[0118] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to another insecticide b) is 1:1.

[0119] According to the embodiments, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof has a weight ratio of 1:2, more preferably 1:1, to azadirachtin.

[0120] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to λ-cyhalothrin is 1:1, more preferably 2:1, and most preferably 1:2.

[0121] According to the embodiments, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof has a weight ratio of 1:5, more preferably 1:2, and most preferably 1:1.

[0122] According to the examples, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof has a weight ratio of 10:1 to fipronil, most preferably 1:1.

[0123] According to the examples, the weight ratio of the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to acetamiprid is 1:10, most preferably 1:1.

[0124] According to the embodiments, the weight ratio of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to spirotetramat is 1:2, more preferably 1:1, and most preferably 2:1.

[0125] According to the embodiments, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof has a weight ratio of acetamiprid to 1:1, more preferably 1:10, and most preferably 10:1.

[0126] According to the examples, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof has a weight ratio of 1:10 to flufenoxuron, most preferably 10:1.

[0127] According to the examples, the weight ratio of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to τ-flumethrin is 1:2.

[0128] According to the examples, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is in a weight ratio of 1:5 to butyl ether urea.

[0129] According to the examples, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is in a weight ratio of 1:100 to diproterenol.

[0130] According to the examples, the bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is in a weight ratio of 2:1 to diproterenol.

[0131] According to the embodiments, the amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is 0.01% to 99% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0132] According to the embodiments, the amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is 0.1% to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0133] According to the embodiments, the amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is 1% to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0134] According to the embodiments, the amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is 1% to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0135] According to the embodiments, the amount of the additional insecticide b) is 0.01% to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0136] According to the embodiments, the amount of the additional insecticide b) is 0.1% to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0137] According to the embodiments, the amount of the additional insecticide b) is 1% to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0138] According to the embodiments, the amount of the additional insecticide b) is 10% to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0139] According to the embodiments, the amount of the additional insecticide b) is 30% to 70% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0140] According to the embodiments, the amount of the additional insecticide b) is 40% to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0141] According to the embodiments, the amount of the additional insecticide b) is 5% to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0142] In yet another embodiment, the insecticide mixture can be applied in various mixtures or combinations. For example, in the form of a premixed concentrate, in a single "ready-to-use" form, or in a combined mixture (consisting of individual formulations of a single pesticide), such as a "bucket mix".

[0143] In this embodiment, the insecticide mixture is applied as a "ready-to-use" formulation comprising a bioactive agent (a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, and an additional insecticide (b). This formulation can be obtained by combining an effective amount of the insecticide with an agriculturally acceptable carrier, surfactant, or other application-promoting adjuvant commonly used in formulation techniques.

[0144] In an embodiment, the insecticide mixture is applied as a premixed concentrate formulation comprising a bioactive agent (a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, and an additional insecticide (b). This formulation can be obtained by combining an effective amount of the insecticide with an agriculturally acceptable carrier, surfactant, or other application-promoting adjuvant commonly used in formulation techniques.

[0145] According to an embodiment, the insecticidal mixture is formulated as a solid preparation selected from the group consisting of: powder (DP), granules (GR), pellets (PS), wettable powder (WP), water-dispersible granules (WG), water-dispersible tablets (WT), water-soluble granules (WSG), water-soluble powder (WSP), bait (B), granular bait (GB), microcapsules (M), and tablets.

[0146] According to embodiments, the insecticidal mixture can be provided as a common liquid formulation selected from, but not limited to, the following: water-dispersible granules (WDG), soluble powders (SP), suspension concentrates (SC), soluble concentrates (SL), suspension emulsions (SE), oil-in-water emulsions (EW), concentrated emulsions (EC), microencapsulated formulations, dispersible concentrates (DC), oil dispersions (OD), ULV (ultra-low volume) liquid formulations, and gels. These formulation types can be prepared according to procedures known in the art.

[0147] According to embodiments, the insecticidal mixture can be provided as a common liquid formulation selected from, but not limited to, the following: suspension concentrate (SC), suspension emulsion (SE), oil-in-water emulsion (EW), concentrated emulsion (EC), and microencapsulated formulations. These formulation types can be prepared according to procedures known in the art.

[0148] According to an embodiment, the insecticidal mixture contains at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of surfactants, solid diluents, and liquid diluents, and mixtures thereof.

[0149] According to an embodiment, the total amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and additional insecticide b) in the insecticidal mixture is 0.1 to 99 wt.%, 0.1 to 95 wt.%, or 0.1 to 90 wt.% based on the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0150] According to an embodiment, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is 1 to 70 wt.% based on the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0151] According to an embodiment, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is 1 to 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0152] According to an embodiment, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is 1 to 40 wt.% based on the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0153] According to an embodiment, the total amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, and additional insecticide b) in the insecticidal mixture is 1 to 30 wt.% based on the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0154] According to an embodiment, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is 1 to 20 wt.% based on the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0155] According to an embodiment, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is 1 to 10 wt.% based on the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0156] According to the embodiments, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is based on 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10% to 90%, 93%, 95%, 98%, 99% of the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0157] According to the embodiments, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is based on 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% of the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0158] According to the embodiments, the total amount of bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and additional insecticides b) in the insecticidal mixture is 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of the total weight of the insecticidal mixture. The remaining components in the formulation are, for example, carriers and additives.

[0159] According to embodiments, the insecticidal mixture of the present invention may contain other crop protectants, such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, molluscicides, growth regulators, biological agents, fertilizers, or mixtures thereof.

[0160] According to an embodiment, the insecticidal mixture of the present invention is diluted in sufficient water before application.

[0161] According to an embodiment, the insecticidal mixture of the present invention is diluted in sufficient water before application, and the pH of the aqueous solution is stabilized between 5 and 8, more preferably between 5.5 and 7, and most preferably between 6 and 6.5.

[0162] Another aspect of the invention includes a method for controlling pests, the method comprising treating infected crops with an effective amount of the insecticidal mixture of the invention.

[0163] According to embodiments, the crops treated with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention for controlling pests are selected from the group consisting of: alfalfa, almonds, apples, avocados, barley, beans, beets, berries, blackberries, rapeseed, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, cherries, peppers, clover, chickpea seeds, coffee, corn, cotton, cucumbers, gourds, grapefruits, kiwifruit, lemons, lettuce, limes, corn, melons, mushrooms, rapeseed, olives, onions, oranges, ornamental plants (such as roses), forage grasses, peaches, peanuts, pears, peas, peppers, mint, pineapples, plums, pome and stone fruits, potatoes, squash, rice, sorghum, soybeans, spinach, sugarcane, sunflowers, sweet potatoes, table grapes and wine grapes, tobacco, tomatoes, nuts, walnuts, watermelons, wheat, and yucca.

[0164] According to an embodiment, the infected crop treated with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention to control pests is selected from vegetables.

[0165] According to an embodiment, the infested crops treated with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention for controlling pests are from the group consisting of pepper, cotton, soybean and corn.

[0166] According to an embodiment, the crop treated with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention to control pests is pepper.

[0167] According to an embodiment, cotton is an infected crop that is treated with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention to control pests.

[0168] According to an embodiment, the crop treated with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention to control pests is soybean.

[0169] According to an embodiment, the infected crop treated with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention to control pests is grapes.

[0170] Another aspect of the invention includes a method for protecting crops from pest infestation, the method comprising treating the crop with an effective amount of the insecticide mixture of the invention in the absence of insecticidal pressure on the crop.

[0171] According to embodiments, crops protected with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention in the absence of insecticidal pressure are selected from the group consisting of: alfalfa, almonds, apples, avocados, barley, beans, beets, berries, blackberries, rapeseed, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, cherries, peppers, clover, chickpea seeds, coffee, corn, cotton, cucumbers, gourds, grapefruits, kiwifruit, lemons, lettuce, limes, corn, melons, mushrooms, rapeseed, olives, onions, oranges, ornamental plants (such as roses), forage grasses, peaches, peanuts, pears, peas, peppers, mint, pineapples, plums, pome and stone fruits, potatoes, squash, rice, sorghum, soybeans, spinach, sugarcane, sunflowers, sweet potatoes, table grapes and wine grapes, tobacco, tomatoes, nuts, walnuts, watermelons, wheat, and yucca.

[0172] According to an embodiment, the crop protected by the insecticidal mixture of the present invention in the absence of insecticidal pressure is selected from vegetables.

[0173] According to an embodiment, crops protected with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention in the absence of insecticidal pressure are selected from the group consisting of pepper, cotton, soybean and corn.

[0174] According to an example, pepper is a crop protected with an insecticidal mixture in the absence of insecticidal pressure.

[0175] According to an example, cotton is a crop protected with an insecticide mixture in the absence of insecticidal pressure.

[0176] According to an embodiment, soybeans are a crop protected with the insecticidal mixture of the present invention in the absence of insecticidal pressure.

[0177] According to an embodiment, the crop protected by the insecticidal mixture of the present invention in the absence of insecticidal pressure is grapes.

[0178] The present invention also relates to a method for controlling pests by contacting the pest or its food supply, habitat, breeding area, or location with a synergistically effective amount of a mixture according to the invention.

[0179] The present invention provides a method for controlling pests by bringing the pest or its food supply, habitat, breeding area or place of origin into contact with an effective amount of an insecticidal mixture according to the invention, thereby controlling the insect.

[0180] The present invention provides a method for protecting plants from attack or infection by pests, the method comprising contacting the plant, or the soil or water in which the plant grows, with an effective amount of an insecticidal mixture according to the present invention, thereby protecting the plant from attack or infection by said pests.

[0181] According to the embodiments, the target pests are selected from the group including: ants, aphids, armyworms, beetles, caterpillars, wheat bugs, grasshoppers, fruit borers, leafhoppers, leaf miners, leafrollers, inchworms, maggots, mealybugs, mites, nematodes, psyllids, rust flies, sawflies, scale insects, slugs, thrips, tube worms, whiteflies, grubs, wireworms, web-weaving worms, and weevils.

[0182] According to the embodiments, the target pests are selected from Coleoptera, such as species of the genera *Acanthoscelides* spp. (bean weevils), *Acanthoscelides obtectus* (common soybean weevils), *Agrilus planipennis* (green ash borer), species of the genera *Anoplophora* (wireworms), *Anoplophora glabripennis* (Asian longhorned beetle), species of the genera *Anoplophora* (flower weevils), *Anoplophora spp.* (cotton boll weevils), species of the genera *Aphids*, species of the genera *Anoplophora* (beetles), species of the genera *Agkistrodon* (cane grubs), *Ataenius spretulus* (Black Turgrass Ataenius), *Atomaria linearis* (pygmy mangold beetle), and species of the genus *Aulacophore* (leaf beetle). spp.), beet weevil (Bothynoderes punctiventris) (beet root weevil), bean weevil species (bean weevil), pea weevil (pea weevil), Cacoesia spp. (Hemiptera), four-striped bean weevil (southern cow pea weevil), Carpophilus hemipteras (dried fruit exposed tail beetle), beet beetle (Cassida vittata), Cerosterna spp., Cerotoma spp. (chrysomeids), bean leaf beetle (Cerotomatrifurcata) (bean leaf beetle), Ceutorhynchus spp. (beet weevil), cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis) (cabbage seed weevil), Ceutorhynchus napi (cabbage weevil), flea beetle species (leaf beetle), Colaspis spp.Soil beetles, wireworms (Conoderus scalaris), wireworms (Conoderus stigmosus), spherical weevils (Conotrachelus nenuphar), green June beetles (Cotinus nitidis), asparagus leaf beetles (Criocerisasparagi), rustygrain beetles (Cryptolestes ferrugineus), flat grain beetles (Cryptolestes pusillus), Turkish grain beetles (Cryptolestes turcicus), weevils (Ctenicera spp.), weevils (Curculio spp.), and square-headed beetles (Cyclocephala). spp. (grubs), *Cylindrocpturus adspersus* (sunflower stem weevil), *Deporaus marginatus* (mango leaf-cutting weevil), *Dermestes lardarius* (larderbeetle), *Dermestes maculates* (hide beetle), *Diabrotica spp.* (chrysolemids), *Epilachna varivestis* (Mexican bean beetle), tobacco borer, *Hylobius pales* (palesweevil), *Hypera spp.* (weevil), *Hypera* (alfalfa weevil). *Perifolia postica* (alfalfa leaf weevil), *Hyperdoes spp.* (Hyperodes weevil), *Hypothenemus hampei* (coffee berry beetle), and species of the genus *Ips* (Ips spp.).(engravers), tobacco beetle (Lasioderma serricorne), potato beetle (Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata), Liogenysfutscus, Liogenys suturalis, rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus), powder beetle species (Lyctus spp.), Maecolaspis joliveti, Megascelis spp., Melanotos communis, rapeseed beetle species (Meligethes spp.), rapeseed beetle (Meligethes aeneus), European scarab beetle (Melolontha), Oberea brevis, Oberea linearis, Oryctes rhinoceros (date palm beetle), Oryzaephilus mercator (merchant grain beetle), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (sawtoothed grain beetle), Otiorhynchus spp. (weevil), Oulema melanopus (cereal leaf beetle), Oulema oryzae, Pantomorus spp. (weevil), Phyllotreta spp. (May / June beetle), Phyllotreta cuyabana, Phyllotreta spp. (leaf beetle), Phylnchites spp., Popillia japonica (Japanese beetle), Prostephanus truncates (larger grain borer), Rhizopertha dominica (lesser grain borer), Rhizotrogus spp.(European scarab beetle), *Rhynchophorus* spp. (weevils), *Scolytus* spp. (wood beetles), *Shenophorus* spp. (grain weevils), *Sitona lineatus* (pea leaf weevil), *Sitophilus* spp. (grain weevils), *Sitophilus granaries* (grain weevils), *Sitophilus oryzae* (rice weevil), *Stegobium paniceum* (drugstore beetle), *Tribolium* spp. (flourbeetles), *Tribolium castaneum* (red flour beetle), *Tribolium confusum* (confused flour beetle). The text lists several ground beetles, including the *Trogoderma variabile* (warehouse beetle) and the *Zabrus tenebioides*.

[0183] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from Diptera species, such as *Aedes* spp. (mosquitoes), *Agromyza frontella* (alfalfa leafminer), *Agromyza* spp. (leaf miner flies), *Anastrepha* spp. (fruit flies), *Anastrepha suspensa* (Caribbean fruit fly), *Anopheles* spp. (mosquitoes), *Batrocera* spp. (fruit flies), *Bactrocera cucurbitae* (melon flies), *Bactrocera dorsalis* (oriental fruit fly), and *Ceratitis* (small striped fruit fly). spp. (fruit fly), Ceratitiscapitata (Mediterranea fruit fly), Chrysops spp. (deer flies), Cocliliomyia spp. (screwworm larvae), Contarinia spp. (gal midge), Culex spp. (mosquito), Dasineura spp. (gal midge), Dasineura brassicae (cabbagegall midge), Delia spp., Delia platura (seedcorn maggot), Drosophila spp. (vinegar fly) flies), species of the genus *Fannia* (toilet fly).(Housefly (filth flies)), (Fannia canicularis) (littlehouse fly)), (Fannia scalaris) (latrine fly)), (Gasterophilus intestinalis) (horse bot fly)), (Gracillia perseae), (Haematobia irritans) (horn fly), (Hylemyia spp.) (rootmaggot)), (Hypoderma lineatum) (common cattle grub)), (Liriomyza spp.) (leafminer flies)), (Liriomyza brassica) (serpentine leafminer)), (Melophagus ovinus) (sheep tick)), (Musca spp.) spp. (housefly), *Musca autumnalis* (face fly), *Musca domestica* (house fly), *Oestrus ovis* (sheep bot fly), *Oscinella frit* (grass fly), *Pegomyia betae* (beet leafminer), *Phorbia spp.*, *Psila rosae* (carrot rust fly), *Rhagoletis cerasi* (cherry fruit fly), *Rhagoletis pomonella* (apple maggot), *Sitodiplosis mosellana* (orange wheat blossommidge), *Stomoxys* calcitrans (stable fly), Tabanus spp. (horse flies), and Tipula spp. (mosquitoes).(Large mosquitoes (crane flies)).

[0184] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from the order Hemiptera, such as *Acrosternum hilare* (green stink bug), *Blissus leucopterus* (chinch bug), *Calocoris norvegicus* (potato mirid), *Cimexhemipterus* (tropical bed bug), *Cimex lectularius* (bed bug), *Dagbertus fasciatus*, *Dichelops furcatus*, *Dysdercus suturellus* (cotton stainer), *Edessa meditabunda*, *Eurygaster maura* (cereal bug), *Euschistus heros*, and *Euschistus* (brown stink bug). *Helopeltis antonii*, *Helopeltis theivora* (tea blight plantbug), *Lagynotomus spp.* (stink bug), *Leptocorisa oratorius*, *Leptocorisa varicornis*, *Lygus spp.* (plant bug), *Lygushesperus* (western tarnished plant bug), *Maconellicoccus hirsutus*, *Neurocolpus longirostris*, *Nezara viridula* (southern green stink bug), *Paratrioza* *Cockerelli* and *Phytocoris* spp.(Mirid bug), California plant mirid bug (Phytocoris californicus), related plant mirid bug (Phytocoris relativus), Piezodorus guildingi, four-lined plant bug (Poecilocapsuslineatus), blueberry mirid bug (Psallus vaccinicola), avocado lace bug (Pseudacysta perseae), chestnut bug (Scaptocoris castanea), and species of the genus Triatomaspp. (bloodsucking conenose bug / kissing bug).

[0185] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from the order Hemiptera, such as the pea aphid (Acrythosiphon pisum), adelgid species (Adelges spp.), cabbage whitefly (Aleurodes proletella), spiral whitefly (Aleurodicus disperses), woolly whitefly (Aleurothrixus floccosus), white-scaled scale (Aluacaspis spp.), leafhopper (Amrasca bigutella), leafhopper (Aphrophoras spp.), California red scale (Aonidiella aurantii), aphid species (Aphis spp.), and cotton aphid (Aphis spp.). gossypii (cottonaphid), Aphis pomi (apple aphid), Aulacorthumsolani (foxglove aphid), species of the genus *Bemisia* (whiteflies), *Bemisia argentifolii*, *Bemisia tabaci* (sweetpotato whitefly), *Brachycolus noxius* (Russian aphid), *Brachycorynella asparagi* (asparagus aphid), *Brevennia rehi*, *Brevicoryne brassicae* (cabbage aphid), species of the genus *Ceroplastes* spp. (scale), Ceroplastes rubens (red wax scale), Chionaspis spp. (scale), Chrysomphalus spp. (scale), Coccus spp. (scale).(Scale insects), Dysaphis plantaginea (rosy appleaphid), Empoasca spp. (leafhopper), Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly apple aphid), Icerya purchasi (cottony cushionscale), Idioscopus nitidulus (mango leafhopper), Laodelphax striatellus (smaller brown planthopper), Lepidosaphes spp., Macrosiphum spp., Macrosiphumeuphorbiae (potato aphid), Macrosiphum granarium (English grain aphid) The following aphids are listed: *Macrosiphum rosae* (rose aphid), *Macrosteles quadrilineatus* (aster leafhopper), *Mahanarva frimbiolata*, *Metopolophium dirhodum* (rosegrain aphid), *Mictis longicornis*, *Myzus persicae* (greenpeach aphid), *Nephotettix spp.* (leafhopper), *Nephotettix cinctipes* (green leafhopper), *Nilaparvata lugens* (brown planthopper), *Parlatoria pergandii* (chaff scale), and *Parlatoria* (black scale). ziziphi (ebony scale), corn planthopper (Peregrinus maidis) (corn delphacid), and species of the genus Philaenus spp.(Spittlebug), Phylloxera vitifoliae (grape phylloxera), Phylsokermespiceae (spruce bud scale), Planococcus spp. (mealybug), Pseudococcus spp. (mealybug), Pseudococcus brevipes (pine apple mealybug), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (San Jose scale), Rhapalosiphum spp. (aphid), Rhapalosiphum maida (corn leaf aphid), Rhapalosiphum padi (oat bird-cherry aphid), Saissetiaspp. (scale aphid), Saissetia oleae (black scale aphid), Schizaphisgraminum (greenbug aphid), Sitobion avenae (Englishgrain aphid), Sogatella furcifera (white-backed planthopper), Therioaphis spp. (aphid), Toumeyella spp. (scale aphid), Toxoptera spp. (aphid), Trialeurodes spp. (whitefly), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (greenhouse whitefly) The whitefly (Trialeurodes abutiloneus), the bandedwing whitefly, species of the genus Unaspis spp. (scale insects), the citrus arrowhead scale (Unaspis yanonensis), and Zulia entreriana.

[0186] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from Lepidoptera, such as *Achoea janata*, *Adoxophyes spp.*, *Adoxophyes orana*, *Agrotis spp.* (cutworm), *Agrotis ipsilon* (black cutworm), *Alabama argillacea* (cotton leafworm), *Amorbiacuneana*, *Amyelosis transitella* (navel orangeworm), *Anacamptodes defectaria*, *Anarsia lineatella* (peach twigborer), *Anomis sabulifera* (jute looper), and *Anticarsia*. *Gemmatalis* (velvetbean caterpillar), *Archipsargyrospila* (fruittree leafroller), *Archips rosana* (rose leaf roller), *Argyrotaenia* spp. (tortricidmoths), *Argyrotaenia citrana* (orange tortrix), *Autographa gamma*, *Bonagota cranaodes*, *Borbo cinnara* (rice leaf folder), *Bucculatrix thurberiella* (cotton leafminer), *Caloptilia* spp. (leaf moth) The species include the tobacco leafminer (Capuareticulana), the peach fruit borer (Carposina niponensis), and the grass moth (Chilo spp.).The following species are listed: *Chlumetia transversa* (mangoshoot borer), *Choristoneura rosaceana* (oblique-banded leafroller), *Chrysodeixis spp.*, *Cnaphalocerus medinalis* (grass leafroller), *Colias spp.*, *Conpomorpha cramerella*, *Cossus* (carpenter moth), *Crambus spp.* (soil webworms), *Cydia funebrana* (plum fruit moth), and *Cydia molesta* (oriental fruit moth). ), pea pod borer (Cydia nignicana), codling moth (Cydiapomonella), Darna diducta, stem borer (Diaphaniaspp.), stalk borer (Diatraea spp.), sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis), southwest corn borer (Diatraeagraniosella), and Earias spp.(Bollworm), Egyptian Bollworm (Earias insulata), Rough Northern Bollworm (Earias vitella), Ecdytopopha aurantianum, Lesser Cornstalk Borer (Elasmopalpus lignosellus), Light Brown Apple Moth (Epiphysias postruttana), Flour Moth (Ephestia spp.), Almond Moth (Ephestia cautella), Tobacco Moth (Ephestia elutella), Mediterranean Flour Moth (Ephestia Species of the genus *Epinotia* (Mediterranean flour moth), *Epimeces*, *Epinotia aporema*, *Erionotathrax* (banana skipper), *Eupoecilia ambiguella* (grape berry moth), *Euxoa auxiliaris* (army cutworm), *Feltia* (root cutter), *Gortyna* (stem borer), *Grapholita molesta* (oriental fruit moth), *Hedyleptaindicata* (bean leaf webber), and *Helicoverpa* (noctuid moth). The species include *Helicoverpa armigera* (cotton bollworm), *Helicoverpa zea* (bollworm / corn earworm), and *Heliothis* spp.(Noctus moth), Tobacco bud moth (Heliothis virescens) (tobacco budworm larva), Cabbage webworm (Hellula undalis), Root borer (Indarbela species), Tomato pinworm (Keiferia lycopersicella), Eggplant fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), Leucoptera malifoliella, Grape fruit moth (Lithocollectis spp.), Grape fruit moth (Lobesia botrana), Noctus moth (Loxagrotis species), Western bean cutworm (Loxagrotis albicosta), Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) The following species are listed: *Lyonetia clerkella* (apple leaf miner), *Mahasena corbetti* (oil palm bagworm), and *Malacosoma spp.*(Tent caterpillar), Cabbage armyworm (Mamestra brassicae), Bean pod borer (Marucatestulalis), Bagworm (Metisa plana), True armyworm (Mythimna unipuncta), Small tomato borer (Neoleucinodeselegantalis), Rice caseworm (Nymphula depunctalis), Winter geometrid moth (Operophthera brumata), European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), Oxydiavesulia, Pandemis * *Cerasana* (common currant tortrix), *Pandemis heparana* (brown apple tortrix), *Papilio demodocus* (African swallowtail butterfly), *Pectinophora gossypiella* (pinkbollworm), *Peridroma spp.* (root cutter), *Peridroma saucia* (variegated cutworm), *Perileucoptera coffeella* (white coffee leafminer), *Phthorimaea operculella* (potato tuber moth), *Phyllocnisitis citrella*, and *Phyllonorycterspp.*(Leaf miner), cabbage white butterfly (Pieris rapae), imported cabbageworm, green armyworm (Plathypena scabra), Indian mealmoth (Plodia interpunctella), diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), grape berry moth (Polychrosis viteana), citrus leafroller (Praysendocarpa), olive leafroller (Prays oleae), armyworm species (Pseudaletia spp.), armyworm (Pseudaletia unipunctata), soybean looper (Pseudoplusia includens), sunflower inchworm (Rachiplusia), rice stem borer (Scirpophaga) Species of the genera *Incertulas*, *Sesamia* spp. (stem borer), *Sesamia inferens* (pink rice stem borer), *Sesamianonagrioides*, *Setora nitens*, *Sitotroga cerealella* (Angoumois grain moth), *Sparganothis pilleriana*, *Spodoptera* spp. (armyworm), *Spodoptera exigua* (beetarmyworm), *Spodoptera fugiperda* (fall armyworm), *Spodoptera oridania* (southern armyworm), and *Synanthedon* spp.(Root borer), *Thecla basilide*, *Thermisia gemmatalis*, *Tineolabisselliella* (webbing clothes moth), *Trichoplusia ni* (cabbage looper), *Tuta absoluta*, *Yponomeuta spp.*, *Zeuzera coffeae* (red branch borer), and *Zeuzerapyrina* (leopard moth).

[0187] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from the order Orthoptera, such as Anabrussimplex (Mormon cricket), Gryllotalpidae (mole cricket), Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus spp. (grasshopper), Microcentrum retinerve (angularwinged katydid), Pterophylla (katydid), Chistocerca gregaria, Scudderiafurcata (forktailed bush katydid), and Valanganigricorni.

[0188] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from the order Thysanura, such as *Frankliniella fusca* (tobacco thrip), *Frankliniella occidentalis* (western flower thrip), *Frankliniella shultzei*, *Frankliniella williamsi* (corn thrip), *Heliothripshaemorrhaidalis* (greenhouse thrip), *Riphiphorothripscruentatus*, species of the genus *Scirtothrips* spp., *Scirtothrips citri* (citrus thrip), *Scirtothrips dorsalis* (yellow tea thrip), and *Taeniothrips*. rhopalantennalis and species of the genus Thrips (Thrips spp.).

[0189] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from the order Acari, such as Tetranychidae, Tarsonemidae, and Eriophyidae.

[0190] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from nematodes, such as Aphelenchoides (foliar nematodes), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Ditylenchus, Globodera (potato cyst nematodes), Heterodera (soybean cyst nematodes), Longidorus, Meloidogyne (root-knot nematodes), Nacobbus, Pratylenchus (lesion nematodes), Trichodorus, and Xiphinema (dagger nematodes).

[0191] According to the embodiments, the target insect pests are selected from cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), thrips, mites and leafhoppers (Cicadidae).

[0192] According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for controlling cotton aphids in cotton.

[0193] According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for controlling cotton aphids in pepper.

[0194] According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for protecting cotton crops from cotton aphids using an insecticidal mixture.

[0195] According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for protecting pepper crops from cotton aphids.

[0196] According to embodiments, the application rate of the insecticidal mixture according to the invention is from 1 g / ha to 1000 g / ha, more preferably from 1 g / ha to 100 g / ha, and most preferably from 10 g / ha to 50 g / ha.

[0197] According to an embodiment, the application rate of the insecticidal mixture according to the present invention is 1000 g / ha.

[0198] According to an embodiment, the application rate of the insecticidal mixture according to the present invention is 500 g / ha.

[0199] According to an embodiment, the application rate of the insecticidal mixture according to the present invention is 100 g / ha.

[0200] According to an embodiment, the application rate of the insecticidal mixture according to the invention is 50 g / ha.

[0201] According to an embodiment, the application rate of the insecticidal mixture according to the present invention is 30 g / ha.

[0202] According to an embodiment, the mixture according to the invention is preferably applied in the early part of the day or during sunset, when there is low heat and solar radiation.

[0203] In another embodiment, the insecticide mixture of the present invention can be applied before or after sowing, before emergence, or early after emergence. The insecticide mixture can be applied to the crop growing area via furrow spraying, foliar application, broadcasting, basal application, soil fertilization, soil incorporation, or soil injection.

[0204] The invention also includes the use of the insecticidal mixture according to the invention, wherein a synergistic mixture of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and an additional insecticide b) is applied to a crop or the site where the crop grows.

[0205] According to embodiments, the insecticidal mixture according to the present invention establishes a synergistic effect.

[0206] For the purposes of this invention, synergy refers to a condition in which the total activity of an insecticide mixture comprising a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and an additional insecticide b) is greater than the sum of the activities of the individual insecticides.

[0207] According to embodiments, when bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof and additional insecticides b) are used in synergistically effective amounts, the insecticide mixture of the present invention exhibits a synergistic effect.

[0208] According to an embodiment, if a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and a certain amount of another insecticide b) are applied together, it is more effective than applying the same amount of the same bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and the same amount of insecticide b) alone.

[0209] According to an example, if a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof in a ratio between 10:1 and 1:10 is applied together with a certain amount of another insecticide b), it is more effective than applying the same amount of the same bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and the same amount of another insecticide b) alone.

[0210] According to an example, if a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof in a ratio between 5:1 and 1:5 and a certain amount of another insecticide b) are applied together, it is more effective than applying the same amount of the same bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and the same amount of another insecticide b) alone.

[0211] According to an example, if a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof in a ratio between 2:1 and 1:2 is applied together with a certain amount of another insecticide b), it is more effective than applying the same amount of the same bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and the same amount of another insecticide b) alone.

[0212] According to an embodiment, if a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof in a ratio of 10:1, 5:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, and 1:10 is applied together with a certain amount of another insecticide b), it is more effective than applying the same amount of the same bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and the same amount of another insecticide b) alone.

[0213] According to the embodiments, the insecticide mixture is an improved combination because, when not applied in combination with a certain amount of another insecticide b), the other insecticide b) effectively increases the insect's sensitivity to a certain amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, compared to the insect's sensitivity to a certain amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof.

[0214] According to an embodiment, the insecticide mixture is an improved combination because, compared to applying alone a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof and a certain amount of another insecticide b), the insecticide mixture prolongs the period of protection against insect infection and / or the period of control of insect infection.

[0215] According to an embodiment, the amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof required to achieve a certain level of insect control is reduced in the presence of an additional insecticide b) compared to the amount of bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof applied alone.

[0216] According to an embodiment, the insecticidal mixture according to the invention is an improved combination because, compared with the application of a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and a certain amount of another insecticide b), the insecticidal mixture reduces the amount of time required to achieve a certain level of insect control.

[0217] According to an example, the insecticidal mixture of garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) and azadirachtin in a 1:2 ratio is synergistic.

[0218] According to an example, the insecticidal mixture of garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) and azadirachtin in a 1:1 ratio is synergistic.

[0219] According to an example, the insecticidal mixture of garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) and λ-cyhalothrin in a 1:2 ratio is synergistic.

[0220] According to the examples, the insecticidal mixture of garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) and λ-cyhalothrin in a 1:1 ratio is synergistic.

[0221] According to an example, the insecticidal mixture of garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) and λ-cyhalothrin in a 2:1 ratio is synergistic.

[0222] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and their mixtures a) in a 1:5 ratio and a mixture of pyrimethanil are synergistic in their insecticidal effects.

[0223] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) in a 1:1 ratio and a mixture of pyrimethanil for killing insects are synergistic.

[0224] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and their mixture a) in a 5:1 ratio and a mixture of pyrimethanil are synergistic in their insecticidal effects.

[0225] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) and fipronil in a 1:1 ratio are synergistic in their insecticidal properties.

[0226] According to the examples, the insecticidal mixture of garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof in a 1:1 ratio (a) and acetamiprid is synergistic.

[0227] According to an example, the insecticidal mixture of garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) and spirotetramat in a 2:1 ratio is synergistic.

[0228] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) at a ratio of 1:10 and an insecticidal mixture of acetamiprid are synergistic.

[0229] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) in a 10:1 ratio and acetamiprid are synergistic insecticidal mixtures.

[0230] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) at a ratio of 1:10 and a mixture of fipronil for killing insects are synergistic.

[0231] According to an example, garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof (a) in a 10:1 ratio and a mixture of fipronil for killing insects are synergistic.

[0232] Another aspect of the invention includes the use of the insecticidal mixture according to the invention for improving plant health.

[0233] The present invention provides a method for improving plant health by enhancing plant growth, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention and / or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or their propagation material.

[0234] The present invention provides a method for improving plant health by enhancing crop plant development and / or enhancing crop plant vigor and / or improving plant potential yield, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or their propagation material.

[0235] The present invention provides a method for improving plant health by enhancing plant development, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any of the insecticidal mixture according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or their propagation material, so as to thereby enhance plant development.

[0236] The present invention provides a method for improving plant health by enhancing bud lineage, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any one of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or propagation material thereof, so as to thereby enhance bud lineage.

[0237] The present invention provides a method for improving plant health by enhancing floral patterns, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or their propagation material, thereby enhancing floral patterns.

[0238] The present invention provides a method for improving plant health by enhancing plant vitality, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any one of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or their propagation material, so as to thereby enhance plant vitality.

[0239] The present invention provides a method for improving plant health by enhancing knockdown activity and / or prolonging control, the method comprising contacting a plant, or the soil or water in which the plant grows, with an effective amount of any of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein, so as to thereby enhance knockdown activity and / or prolong control.

[0240] According to an embodiment, the insecticidal mixture according to the invention is applied as a knockdown treatment agent.

[0241] According to an embodiment, the insecticidal mixture according to the invention is applied to provide prolonged insecticidal control.

[0242] The present invention provides a method for regulating plant growth, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any one of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or their propagation material, thereby regulating plant growth.

[0243] The present invention provides a method for improving the potential yield of plants, the method comprising applying an effective amount of any one of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein to one or more plants, their sites or their propagation material, thereby improving the potential yield of plants.

[0244] According to embodiments, the use of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein increases crop yield by at least 5%.

[0245] According to embodiments, the use of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein increases crop yield by at least 10%.

[0246] According to embodiments, the use of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein increases crop yield by at least 20%.

[0247] According to embodiments, the use of the insecticidal mixtures according to the invention or the compositions disclosed herein increases crop yield by at least 25%.

[0248] In some embodiments, the insecticidal mixture according to the invention is an improved combination in which a certain amount of a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and another insecticide b) is effective in treating plants or fields to resist fungal infections.

[0249] In another embodiment, a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and an additional insecticide b) may be applied simultaneously (i.e., together or separately) or sequentially, and in the case of separate application, the order generally has no effect on the outcome of the control measure.

[0250] That is, bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, and additional insecticides b) can be applied together or continuously. In the examples, bioactive agents a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof, and additional insecticides b) can be prepared as separate formulations, and the separate formulations are applied as is or diluted to a predetermined concentration.

[0251] In another embodiment, a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and an additional insecticide b) can be prepared as separate formulations, and the separate formulations can be mixed together when diluted to a predetermined concentration.

[0252] In another embodiment, a bioactive agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof and an additional insecticide b) may be formulated together, and the formulation may be applied as is or diluted to a predetermined concentration.

[0253] Experimental section:

[0254] The following examples illustrate the practice of the invention in some of its embodiments, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on consideration of the specification and examples. The specification (including examples) is intended to be exemplary only and does not limit the scope and spirit of the invention.

[0255] Example 1 - The efficacy of garlic extract and a mixture of different insecticides against cotton aphids on pepper plants.

[0256] Target:

[0257] To evaluate the synergistic or antagonistic effects of garlic extract and other insecticides on cotton aphids in pepper crops.

[0258] Description of field trials (research procedures):

[0259] Plants and insects

[0260] Pepper plants of Makko F1 cv obtained from seed were grown in a growth chamber under completely controlled conditions. Healthy, untreated pepper plants were used at least two months after sowing to obtain leaf discs suitable for exposure to adult cotton aphids.

[0261] Adult aphids were obtained through large-scale rearing; aphids were reared on cucumber and zucchini plants under controlled environmental conditions.

[0262] method

[0263] Suitable leaves were collected from pepper plants. Leaf discs were prepared together with a culture dish containing a layer of water agar at the bottom. Eight leaf discs were obtained from the collected leaves for each treatment, and 20 adults were inoculated into each dish.

[0264] Apply the appropriate insecticide mixture to each petri dish using an electric low-pressure manual sprayer. Add Tween 80 surfactant at a ratio of 0.05% to each treatment mixture.

[0265] The untreated control was sprayed with distilled water along with 0.05% of Tween 80 surfactant.

[0266] The culture dishes were kept in the growth chamber under controlled climatic conditions: 21°C (±0.5°C), 60% Rh, and a 16:8 light: dark photocycle scheme. Mortality (as a percentage of dead adults + offspring) was assessed based on the characteristics of each active ingredient.

[0267] First, calibrate garlic extract a) and another biocidal agent b) to obtain dose-response curves and lethal dose (ppm) values; based on the calibration, obtain a mixing scheme with an appropriate mixing ratio.

[0268] All statistical procedures were performed using ARM 2020.0 software [Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK), dose response analysis (Probit, 95% confidence level), Anova, and other computational analyses].

[0269] Synergistic / antagonistic effect assessment

[0270] The synergistic or antagonistic effects of the two active ingredients were evaluated using the Colby formula described above:

[0271]

[0272] Where E represents the expected percentage of insecticidal control of the combination of two insecticides at a defined dose, A is the percentage of insecticidal control observed by compound (I) at a defined dose (e.g., a), and B is the percentage of insecticidal control observed by compound (II) at a defined dose (e.g., b). The effect is synergistic when the ratio between the percentage of insecticidal control observed by the combination of two insecticides at a defined dose and the expected percentage of insecticidal control of the combination of two insecticides at a defined dose is greater than 1.15.

[0273] Material:

[0274] Table 1. Insecticides used in this experiment.

[0275]

[0276] Table 2. Summary of the evaluation of the synergistic effect (synergistic / antagonistic effect) of garlic extract insecticidal mixture against cotton aphids. (Active materials appearing in the table are used as shown in Table 1.)

[0277]

[0278] Synergistic effect assessment – ​​the ratio between the percentage of insecticidal control observed at a defined dose of the combination of two insecticides and the expected percentage of insecticidal control at a defined dose of the combination of two insecticides.

[0279] Results and discussion:

[0280] Field trials showed that the mortality rate of adult cotton aphids on pepper plants varied depending on the mixtures they were exposed to. The tested garlic extract mixtures exhibited synergistic and antagonistic effects at different levels. The highest synergistic effect of 2.26 was obtained for a mixture of garlic extract and azadirachtin at a 1:1 ratio. The azadirachtin mixture also resulted in a high synergistic effect of 1.79 at a 1:2 ratio. Interestingly, when the ratio was changed to 2:1, the synergistic effect reversed, and the mixture resulted in an antagonistic effect of 0.58. Relatively high synergistic effects of 1.98 and 2.08 were observed for mixtures of garlic extract and acetamiprid at ratios of 1:10 and 10:1, respectively. High synergistic effects of 1.82 and 1.85 were also observed for mixtures of garlic extract and lambda-cyhalothrin at ratios of 1:2 and 2:1, respectively. Mixtures of garlic extract with λ-cyhalothrin and garlic extract with pyrimethanil showed synergistic effects at all tested ratios. A mixture of garlic extract with fipronil also showed moderate synergistic effects of approximately 1.40 and 1.86 at ratios of 1:10 and 10:1, respectively. Antagonistic effects ranging from 1.0 to 1.12 were observed in mixtures of garlic extract with acetamiprid at a ratio of 1:10 and with spirotetramat at ratios of 1:2 and 1:1, as well as in mixtures of garlic extract with τ-cyhalothrin at a ratio of 2:1, with difenoconazole at a ratio of 1:12, with tebufenozide at a ratio of 1:100, and with flonicamid at a ratio of 2:1.

[0281] in conclusion:

[0282] The application of garlic extract mixtures to cotton aphids on pepper resulted in a reduction in adult cotton aphid populations. Surprisingly, the mixtures acted synergistically when applied at certain ratios. The potential of these mixtures in different untested ratios, with other insects, and in combinations with other insecticides and garlic extracts, leading to even higher synergistic effects, can be highlighted. These experimental results demonstrate new opportunities for reducing the use of synthetic insecticides and increasing the use of natural insecticides.

[0283] Supported data:

[0284] Table 3. Mortality results and evaluation of synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and acetamiprid insecticide mixture.

[0285]

[0286] Table 4. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and bispyribac-based insecticide mixture.

[0287]

[0288] Table 5. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of the mixture of garlic extract and azadirachtin.

[0289]

[0290] Table 6. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and pyrimethanil insecticide mixture.

[0291]

[0292] Table 7. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and buprofen insecticide mixture.

[0293]

[0294] Table 8. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and fipronil insecticide mixture.

[0295]

[0296] Table 9. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and flupyradifurone insecticide mixture.

[0297]

[0298] Table 10. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide mixture.

[0299]

[0300] Table 11. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and flufenoxuron insecticide mixture.

[0301]

[0302] Table 12. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and spirotetramat insecticide mixture.

[0303]

[0304] Table 13. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and τ-flumethrin insecticide mixture.

[0305]

[0306] Table 14. Mortality results and synergistic / antagonistic effects of garlic extract and acetamiprid insecticide mixture.

[0307] .

Claims

1. An insecticidal mixture comprising a) a biologically active agent selected from the group consisting of garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof; and b) an additional insecticidal agent selected from the group consisting of neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, pyrolleines, diamides, benzoylureas, METI acaricides and insecticides, mesoionic compounds, pyridyl azomethine derivatives, tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives, phenylpyrazoles, flonicamid, nitenpyram, sulfoxaflor, and mixtures thereof.

2. The insecticidal mixture of claim 1, wherein, said biologically active agent a) selected from the group consisting of garlic extract, garlic oil, and mixtures thereof comprises at least one compound c) selected from the group consisting of diallylthiosulfonate (allicin), allyl methyl sulfide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), diallyl tetrasulfide, E / Z-ajoene, S-allyl-cysteine (SAC), S-allyl-cysteine sulfoxide (alliacide), propionaldehyde, dipropyl disulfide.

3. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, said additional insecticidal agent b) is a neonicotinoid selected from the group consisting of acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, and mixtures thereof.

4. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein, said additional insecticidal agent b) is a pyrethroid selected from the group consisting of acrinathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans allethrin, d-trans allethrin, bifenthrin, bioallethrin, s-cyclopropane isomers, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, halfenprox, imiprothrin, kadethrin, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, resmethrin, sumithrin, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, tefluthrin, allethrin, amitraz, and mixtures thereof.

5. The insecticidal mixture of claim 4, wherein, said additional insecticidal agent b) is a pyrethroid selected from the group consisting of bifenthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, tau-fluvalinate, and mixtures thereof.

6. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, said additional insecticidal agent b) is a diamide selected from the group consisting of chinomethionat, cyantraniliprol, cyhalofop-butyl, flubendiamide, tetraniliprole, and mixtures thereof.

7. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, said additional insecticidal agent b) is a benzoylurea selected from the group consisting of bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, flufenoxuron, hydroprene, methoxyfenozide, and mixtures thereof.

8. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, said additional insecticidal agent b) is a METI acaricide or METI insecticide selected from the group consisting of acequinocyl, clofentezine, pyridaben, pyriminostine, rogor, tolfenpyrad, and mixtures thereof.

9. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The further insecticide b) is a tetronic or tetramic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, methyopyroxzole, spirotetramat and mixtures thereof.

10. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The further insecticide b) is a tetronic or tetramic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, methyopyroxzole, spirotetramat and mixtures thereof.

11. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The further insecticide b) is a tetronic or tetramic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, methyopyroxzole, spirotetramat and mixtures thereof.

12. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein, The further insecticide b) is a tetronic or tetramic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, methyopyroxzole, spirotetramat and mixtures thereof.

13. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, The further insecticide b) is selected from the group consisting of acetoprole, dinotefuran, azadirachtin, propargite, tolfenpyrad, diafenthiuron, flufenoxuron, flupyradifurone, spirotetramat, sulfoxaflor, lambda-cyhalothrin, tau-fluvalinate and mixtures thereof.

14. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claim 13, wherein, The further insecticide b) is tau-fluvalinate.

15. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The weight ratio of the biologically active agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof to the further insecticide b) is from 100 : 1 to 1 :

100.

16. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, The amount of the biologically active agent a) selected from garlic extract, garlic oil and mixtures thereof is from 0.01 % to 99.0 % by weight based on the weight of the total mixture.

17. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, The amount of the further insecticide b) is from 0.01 % to 70.0 % by weight based on the weight of the total mixture.

18. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 17, which induces a synergistic effect.

19. The insecticidal mixture of claim 18, wherein, The further insecticide b) is tau-fluvalinate.

20. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 19, which is formulated as a solid formulation selected from the group consisting of dustable powder (DP), granules (GR), pellets (PS), wettable powder (WP), water-dispersible granules (WG), water- dispersible tablets (WT), water-soluble granules (WSG), water-soluble powders (WSP), granular baits (GB).

21. The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 19, which is formulated as a liquid formulation selected from the group consisting of suspension concentrate (SC), soluble concentrate (SL), suspoemulsion (SE), emulsion (EW), emulsion concentrate (EC), microencapsulations, dispersible concentrate (DC), oil dispersion (OD), ULV formulations.

22. A method for controlling pests, which comprises treating the infested crop with an effective amount of the insecticidal mixture according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 21.

23. The method for controlling a pest according to claim 22, wherein, The crop is alfalfa, almond, apple, avocado, barley, beans, beet, berry, blackberry, brassica, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, cherry, chili, clover, chickpea seed, coffee, corn, cotton, cucumber, gourd, grapefruit, kiwifruit, lemon, lettuce, lime, maize, melon, mushroom, mustard, olive, onion, orange, ornamental plants such as roses, pasture grass, peach, peanut, pear, pea, pepper, peppermint, pineapple, plum, pome and stone fruit, potato, pumpkin, rice, sorghum, soybean, spinach, sugar cane, sunflower, sweet potato, table and wine grape, tobacco, tomato, nuts, walnut, watermelon, wheat, and yucca.

24. The method for controlling a pest according to any one of claims 22-23, wherein, The crop is brassica, cotton, gourd, pepper, pineapple, grape, and tomato.

25. The method for controlling a pest according to any one of claims 22-24, wherein, The harmful organism is at least one of ants, aphids, armyworms, beetles, caterpillars, chinch bugs, cicadas, curculios, leafhoppers, leaf miners, leaf rollers, loopers, maggots, mealybugs, mites, nematodes, phylloxeras, rust flies, sawflies, scales, slugs, thrips, tube worms, whiteflies, grubs, wireworms, webworms, and weevils.

26. The method for controlling a pest according to any one of claims 22-25, wherein, The harmful organism is at least one of cotton aphids, peach aphids, tobacco thrips, western flower thrips, tea green leafhoppers, two-spotted spider mites, and whiteflies.

27. A method for protecting a crop from infestation by a harmful organism, the method comprising treating the crop with an effective amount of the insecticidal mixture according to any one of the preceding claims 1-21.

28. The method for protecting a crop according to claim 27, wherein, The crop is alfalfa, almond, apple, avocado, barley, beans, beet, berry, blackberry, brassica, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, cherry, chili, clover, chickpea seed, coffee, corn, cotton, cucumber, gourd, grapefruit, kiwifruit, lemon, lettuce, lime, maize, melon, mushroom, mustard, olive, onion, orange, ornamental plants such as roses, pasture grass, peach, peanut, pear, pea, pepper, peppermint, pineapple, plum, pome and stone fruit, potato, pumpkin, rice, sorghum, soybean, spinach, sugar cane, sunflower, sweet potato, table and wine grape, tobacco, tomato, nuts, walnut, watermelon, wheat, and yucca.

29. The method for controlling a pest according to claim 28, wherein, The crop is brassica, cotton, gourd, pepper, pineapple, grape, and tomato.

30. The method for protecting a crop according to any one of claims 27-29, wherein, The harmful organism is at least one of ants, aphids, armyworms, beetles, caterpillars, chinch bugs, cicadas, curculios, leafhoppers, leaf miners, leaf rollers, loopers, maggots, mealybugs, mites, nematodes, phylloxeras, rust flies, sawflies, scales, slugs, thrips, tube worms, whiteflies, grubs, wireworms, webworms, and weevils.

31. The method for protecting a crop according to any one of claims 27-30, wherein, The harmful organism is at least one of cotton aphids, peach aphids, tobacco thrips, western flower thrips, tea green leafhoppers, two-spotted spider mites, and whiteflies.

32. The method of any one of claims 22-31, wherein, The application rate of the insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-21 is 10 g / ha to 1000 g / ha.

33. The method of any one of claims 22-32, wherein, The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-21 is applied to the crop or to the soil in which the crop is growing.

34. The method of any one of claims 22-33, wherein, The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-21 enhances the health of the plant.

35. The use of any one of claims 22-34, wherein, The insecticidal mixture according to any one of claims 1-21 is synergistic.

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