Drilling technique teaching simulation device for orthopedics department

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedics teaching simulation, in particular to an orthopedics drilling technique teaching simulation device which comprises a supporting seat, an operation table arranged above the supporting seat and a model arranged at the top of the operation table, a sleeve is fixedly arranged outside a rotating shaft in a sleeving mode, and a plurality of clamping grooves which are evenly distributed are formed in the outer portion of the sleeve. An angle fixing mechanism and a reset mechanism are arranged in the top end of the supporting seat, and an operation mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat. The simulation device has the advantages that the rotating shaft can be unlocked by stepping on any pedal, and then the operation table can be adjusted at any angle. Therefore, when the medical students carry out drilling technique training in different directions, the medical students do not need to change the positions and rotate the operation table to adjust the angle of the top model, it is ensured that the medical students can completely watch the pictures of the display screen in the simulation training process, and drilling technique training of the medical students is prevented from being affected.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of orthopedic teaching simulation, in particular to a device for teaching and simulating drilling operation in orthopedics. BACKGROUND

[0002] The UBE surgery simulator is a device that uses virtual reality (VR), physical models or a combination of both to provide an orthopedic / spinal surgeon with a safe, repeatable, risk-free platform to practice and master UBE surgical techniques. Orthopedic drilling training is one of the core training modules of the UBE simulator.

[0003] During drilling training, a dedicated model is usually fixed on the top of the operating table, and then medical students operate different types of surgical instruments with sensors, micro cameras, etc. inside the model to perform drilling training. The view inside the model is displayed in real time on the display screen, and the drilling position is accurately located to perform drilling operation training. The operating table in the existing UBE surgery simulator is usually fixed and cannot be adjusted in angle. During drilling training, different direction drilling training can only be achieved by changing the position of the medical students. If the medical students change their positions, the angle of the display screen can be limited, which will affect the medical students' drilling operation training. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a device for teaching and simulating drilling operation in orthopedics to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a device for teaching and simulating drilling operation in orthopedics, comprising a support seat, an operating table arranged above the support seat, and a model arranged on the top of the operating table. The bottom of the operating table is fixedly installed with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the top end of the support seat, the outside of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved with a sleeve, the outside of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed clamping grooves, the inside of the top end of the support seat is provided with an angle fixing mechanism and a reset mechanism, and the bottom of the support seat is provided with an operating mechanism. The angle fixing mechanism comprises a ring-shaped fixing seat one and a plurality of evenly distributed clamping assemblies, the top of the ring-shaped fixing seat one is provided with a ring-shaped plate one, the end of the ring-shaped plate one is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed sliding grooves, the inside of each sliding groove is provided with a limiting rod, and the bottom of each limiting rod is fixedly connected with the ring-shaped fixing seat one.

[0006] Preferably, a mechanical arm is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the support seat, and a display screen is fixedly installed on the top of the mechanical arm.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping assembly comprises a transmission groove one, the transmission groove one is arranged at one end of the annular plate one, the inside of the transmission groove one is provided with a transmission rod one, the bottom of the transmission rod one is fixedly installed with a connecting bracket, the side away from the transmission rod one of the connecting bracket is fixedly installed with a plurality of evenly distributed clamping strips, the plurality of clamping strips are matched with a plurality of clamping grooves, the both ends of the connecting bracket are slidably sleeved with a guide rod one, the side away from the rotating shaft of the two guide rods one is fixedly connected with the annular fixing seat one.

[0008] Preferably, the operating mechanism comprises a base and a transmission assembly, both ends of the inside of the base are fixedly installed with guide rods two, the top of the two guide rods two are fixedly connected with a support seat, the outside of the two guide rods two are commonly slidably sleeved with a transmission round plate, the outside of the bottom of the two guide rods two are sleeved with springs one, the outside of the base is rotatably installed with three evenly distributed footboards, the end close to the base of the three footboards are all above the transmission round plate.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the base is fixedly installed with a plurality of evenly distributed L-shaped limiting frames, the top of the transmission round plate is attached to the bottom of the plurality of L-shaped limiting frames.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a strip-shaped rod and an extension rod, the strip-shaped rod is slidably attached to the end of the support seat, the bottom of the strip-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the transmission round plate, the top of the strip-shaped rod is fixedly installed with a trapezoidal block, the extension rod is fixedly connected with the annular plate one, two springs two are fixedly installed between the side away from the strip-shaped rod of the extension rod and the inner wall of the support seat, the extension rod is matched with the trapezoidal block.

[0011] Preferably, the reset mechanism comprises four evenly distributed positioning rods and an annular fixing seat two, the plurality of positioning rods are slidably installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, the spring three is fixedly installed between the side away from the annular fixing seat two of the plurality of positioning rods and the inner wall of the rotating shaft, the annular fixing seat two is fixedly installed in the inside of the support seat, the inside of the annular fixing seat two is arranged with four evenly distributed positioning grooves, the plurality of positioning grooves are matched with the plurality of positioning rods respectively, the outside of the annular fixing seat two is rotatably sleeved with an annular plate two, the end of the annular plate two is arranged with four evenly distributed transmission grooves two, the inside of the four transmission grooves two is provided with a transmission rod two, the bottom of the four transmission rods two is fixedly installed with a jacking rod, the four jacking rods are slidably installed in the inside of the corresponding positioning grooves respectively, the outside of the annular plate two is fixedly sleeved with a worm gear, the side of the worm gear is engaged with a worm, the one end of the inside of the support seat is rotatably installed with the worm.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: The simulation device can unlock the rotating shaft by stepping on any pedal, and then adjust the operation table at any angle, so that the medical students do not need to change the position when training different drilling methods in different directions, and the top model angle of the operation table is adjusted, which ensures that the medical students can watch the display screen completely during the simulation training, and avoids affecting the drilling method training of the medical students.

[0013] Since the operation angle of each medical student is different, the simulation device is provided with a reset mechanism, so that the medical student can quickly reset the operation table through the reset mechanism after the simulation training is completed, thereby facilitating the next medical student to quickly start. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support seat of the application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the operation table of the application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating shaft of the application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the angle fixing mechanism structure of the application; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the reset mechanism structure of the application; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the operation mechanism structure of the application; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the transmission round plate of the application.

[0015] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows: 1, support seat; 2, operation table; 3, model; 4, mechanical arm; 5, display screen; 6, rotating shaft; 7, sleeve; 8, clamping groove; 9, annular fixing seat one; 10, annular plate one; 11, sliding groove; 12, limiting rod; 13, transmission groove one; 14, transmission rod one; 15, connecting bracket; 16, clamping strip; 17, guide rod one; 18, base; 19, guide rod two; 20, transmission round plate; 21, spring one; 22, pedal; 23, L-shaped limiting frame; 24, strip-shaped rod; 25, trapezoidal block; 26, extension rod; 27, spring two; 28, positioning rod; 29, spring three; 30, annular fixing seat two; 31, positioning groove; 32, annular plate two; 33, transmission groove two; 34, transmission rod two; 35, jacking rod; 36, worm gear; 37, worm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figures 1-9 The device shown is a teaching simulation device for orthopedic drilling techniques, including a support base 1, an operating table 2 set above the support base 1, and a model 3 set on the top of the operating table 2. A rotating shaft 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the operating table 2. The rotating shaft 6 is rotatably installed inside the top of the support base 1. A sleeve 7 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 6. Multiple evenly distributed slots 8 are opened on the outside of the sleeve 7. An angle fixing mechanism and a reset mechanism are set inside the top of the support base 1. An operating mechanism is set at the bottom of the support base 1. The angle fixing mechanism includes an annular fixing seat 9 and multiple evenly distributed clamping components. An annular plate 10 is provided on the top of the annular fixing seat 9. Multiple evenly distributed sliding grooves 11 are provided at the ends of the annular plate 10. Limiting rods 12 are provided inside the multiple sliding grooves 11. The bottoms of the multiple limiting rods 12 are fixedly connected to the annular fixing seat 9.

[0018] A robotic arm 4 is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the support base 1, and a display screen 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the robotic arm 4.

[0019] The locking assembly includes a transmission groove 13, which is located at one end of an annular plate 10. A transmission rod 14 is installed inside the transmission groove 13. A connecting bracket 15 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transmission rod 14. Multiple evenly distributed locking strips 16 are fixedly installed on the side of the connecting bracket 15 away from the transmission rod 14. The multiple locking strips 16 cooperate with multiple locking slots 8. Guide rods 17 are slidably sleeved at both ends of the connecting bracket 15. The side of the two guide rods 17 away from the rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the annular fixed seat 9.

[0020] The operating mechanism includes a base 18 and a transmission assembly. Guide rods 19 are fixedly installed at both ends inside the base 18. The tops of the two guide rods 19 are fixedly connected to the support base 1. A transmission circular plate 20 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two guide rods 19. A spring 21 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the two guide rods 19. Three evenly distributed pedals 22 are rotatably installed on the outside of the base 18. The ends of the three pedals 22 closest to the base 18 are all located above the transmission circular plate 20.

[0021] The end of the base 18 is fixedly provided with a plurality of evenly distributed L-shaped limiting frames 23, and the top of the transmission circular plate 20 is attached to the bottom of the plurality of L-shaped limiting frames 23.

[0022] The transmission assembly comprises a strip-shaped rod 24 and an extension rod 26. The strip-shaped rod 24 is slidably attached to the end of the support base 1, the bottom of the strip-shaped rod 24 is fixedly connected with the transmission circular plate 20, the top of the strip-shaped rod 24 is fixedly provided with a trapezoidal block 25, the extension rod 26 is fixedly connected with the annular plate one 10, two springs two 27 are fixedly arranged between the extension rod 26 away from the strip-shaped rod 24 and the inner wall of the support base 1, and the extension rod 26 cooperates with the trapezoidal block 25.

[0023] The reset mechanism comprises four evenly distributed positioning rods 28 and an annular fixing base two 30. The plurality of positioning rods 28 are slidably arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft 6, springs three 29 are fixedly arranged between the plurality of positioning rods 28 away from the annular fixing base two 30 and the inner wall of the rotating shaft 6, the annular fixing base two 30 is fixedly arranged in the support base 1, four evenly distributed positioning grooves 31 are arranged in the inner portion of the annular fixing base two 30, the plurality of positioning grooves 31 respectively cooperate with the plurality of positioning rods 28, an annular plate two 32 is rotatably arranged outside the annular fixing base two 30, four evenly distributed transmission grooves two 33 are arranged at the end of the annular plate two 32, transmission rods two 34 are arranged in the inner portion of the four transmission grooves two 33, top rods 35 are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the four transmission rods two 34, the four top rods 35 are slidably arranged in the inner portion of the corresponding positioning grooves 31 respectively, a worm wheel 36 is fixedly arranged outside the annular plate two 32, a worm 37 is engaged with one side of the worm wheel 36, and the worm 37 is rotatably arranged at one end in the support base 1.

[0024] Working principle: in use, first, the model 3 used for training is magnetically arranged on the top of the operation table 2, and then medical students operate different types of surgical instruments with sensors and micro cameras in the model 3 to perform drilling training, and the display screen 5 is used to realize real-time synchronization of the field of view in the model 3 to accurately position the drilling and perform drilling skill training. When drilling skill training in different directions is performed, the medical students can step down the corresponding pedal 22, one end of the pedal 22 acts on the transmission circular plate 20, the transmission circular plate 20 stably slides downward along the two guide rods two 19, and the two springs one 21 below the transmission circular plate 20 are extruded, the two springs one 21 are compressed under stress, the strip-shaped rod 24 at one end of the top of the transmission circular plate 20 moves downward synchronously, thereby driving the trapezoidal block 25 to move, the trapezoidal block 25 acts on the corresponding extension rod 26, the extension rod 26 extrudes the two springs two 27, and under the action of the extension rod 26, the annular plate one 10 rotates under the action of the plurality of limiting rods 12 and the plurality of sliding grooves 11. When the annular plate 10 rotates, the plurality of clamping assemblies move synchronously, and the movement process of one of the clamping assemblies is as follows: as the annular plate 10 rotates, the transmission groove 13 moves synchronously, the transmission rod 14 in the transmission groove 13 drives the connecting bracket 15 to move, the connecting bracket 15 stably slides along the two guide rods 17, at this time, the connecting bracket 15 drives the plurality of clamping strips 16 to move away from the sleeve 7, and the plurality of clamping strips 16 are separated from the corresponding clamping grooves 8; the movement processes of the other clamping assemblies are the same as above, at this time, the rotating shaft 6 is unlocked, and the medical student can adjust the operation table 2 at any angle until the operation table 2 is adjusted to a suitable angle, then the medical student no longer steps on the pedal 22, the transmission disc 20, the bar 24 and the trapezoidal block 25 move upward under the action of the two springs 21, the annular plate 10 resets under the action of the two springs 27, the plurality of clamping assemblies reset, the plurality of clamping strips 16 are clamped into the corresponding clamping grooves 8, and then the rotating shaft 6 is re-fixed, and the position of the operation table 2 is fixed. The simulation device can unlock the rotating shaft 6 by stepping on any one of the pedals 22, and then adjust the operation table 2 at any angle, so that the medical student does not need to change the standing position when training the drilling method in different directions, and only needs to adjust the angle of the operation table 2 to adjust the angle of the model 3 on the top of the operation table 2, so that the medical student can completely watch the screen 5 during the simulation training, and the drilling method training of the medical student is not affected; In the above process, the four jacks 35 are all extended outside the corresponding positioning grooves 31, and in the process of rotating the rotating shaft 6, the four positioning rods 28 are driven to move synchronously, at this time, when the four positioning rods 28 touch the corresponding jacks 35, the four positioning rods 28 are pressed against the corresponding springs three 29, so as to stretch and retract. After the medical student completes the simulation training, first, press down a pedal 22 to unlock the operation table 2, and then rotate the worm 37. Under the meshing action of the worm wheel 36 and the worm 37, the worm wheel 36 drives the annular plate two 32 to rotate, thereby driving the plurality of transmission grooves two 33 to rotate synchronously, and the plurality of transmission rods two 34 are correspondingly moved and drive the corresponding jacks 35 to move. At this time, the four jacks 35 are simultaneously retracted into the corresponding positioning grooves 31. At this time, when the operation table 2 and the rotating shaft 6 are rotated again, the four positioning rods 28 move synchronously. When the four positioning rods 28 and the four positioning grooves 31 correspond to each other, the four positioning rods 28 are clamped into the corresponding positioning grooves 31 under the action of the corresponding springs three 29. At this time, the angle of the operation table 2 is no longer offset and is in a reset state. Then, after releasing the pedal 22 and fixing the operation table 2 by the angle fixing mechanism, reverse the worm 37 to reset the four jacks 35, and then the four positioning rods 28 are respectively ejected from the corresponding positioning grooves 31. Since the operation angles suitable for each medical student are different, the reset mechanism is arranged on the simulation device, so that the medical student can quickly reset the operation table 2 by the reset mechanism after completing the simulation training, thereby facilitating the next medical student to quickly start.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the present document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0026] While the embodiments of the application have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulation device for teaching orthopedic drilling techniques, comprising a support base (1), an operating table (2) disposed above the support base (1), and a model (3) disposed on top of the operating table (2), characterized in that: The bottom of the operating table (2) is fixedly installed with a rotating shaft (6), which is rotatably installed inside the top of the support base (1). A sleeve (7) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (6), and multiple evenly distributed slots (8) are opened on the outside of the sleeve (7). An angle fixing mechanism and a reset mechanism are provided inside the top of the support base (1), and an operating mechanism is provided at the bottom of the support base (1). The angle fixing mechanism includes an annular fixing seat (9) and multiple evenly distributed clamping components. The top of the annular fixing seat (9) is provided with an annular plate (10). The ends of the annular plate (10) are provided with multiple evenly distributed sliding grooves (11). Each of the multiple sliding grooves (11) is provided with a limit rod (12). The bottom of each of the multiple limit rods (12) is fixedly connected to the annular fixing seat (9).

2. The teaching simulation device for orthopedic drilling techniques according to claim 1, characterized in that: A robotic arm (4) is fixedly installed on the top of one side of the support base (1), and a display screen (5) is fixedly installed on the top of the robotic arm (4).

3. The teaching simulation device for orthopedic drilling techniques according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a transmission groove (13), which is located at one end of an annular plate (10). A transmission rod (14) is provided inside the transmission groove (13). A connecting bracket (15) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transmission rod (14). Multiple evenly distributed locking strips (16) are fixedly installed on the side of the connecting bracket (15) away from the transmission rod (14). The multiple locking strips (16) cooperate with multiple locking slots (8). Guide rods (17) are slidably sleeved at both ends of the connecting bracket (15). The side of the two guide rods (17) away from the rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the annular fixing seat (9).

4. The teaching simulation device for orthopedic drilling techniques according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating mechanism includes a base (18) and a transmission assembly. Guide rods (19) are fixedly installed at both ends inside the base (18). The tops of the two guide rods (19) are fixedly connected to the support base (1). A transmission circular plate (20) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two guide rods (19). A spring (21) is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the two guide rods (19). Three evenly distributed pedals (22) are rotatably installed on the outside of the base (18). The end of the three pedals (22) near the base (18) is located above the transmission circular plate (20).

5. A teaching simulation device for orthopedic drilling techniques according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (18) has multiple evenly distributed L-shaped limit frames (23) fixedly installed at its end, and the top of the transmission circular plate (20) is in contact with the bottom of the multiple L-shaped limit frames (23).

6. A teaching simulation device for orthopedic drilling techniques according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a bar rod (24) and an extension rod (26). The bar rod (24) is slidably fitted to the end of the support base (1). The bottom of the bar rod (24) is fixedly connected to the transmission circular plate (20). A trapezoidal block (25) is fixedly installed on the top of the bar rod (24). The extension rod (26) is fixedly connected to the annular plate (10). Two springs (27) are fixedly installed between the side of the extension rod (26) away from the bar rod (24) and the inner wall of the support base (1). The extension rod (26) and the trapezoidal block (25) cooperate with each other.

7. The teaching simulation device for orthopedic drilling techniques according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset mechanism includes four evenly distributed positioning rods (28) and an annular fixing seat two (30). Multiple positioning rods (28) are slidably mounted on the bottom of the rotating shaft (6). A spring three (29) is fixedly installed between the side of the multiple positioning rods (28) away from the annular fixing seat two (30) and the inner wall of the rotating shaft (6). The annular fixing seat two (30) is fixedly installed inside the support base (1). The annular fixing seat two (30) has four evenly distributed positioning grooves (31) inside. Each positioning groove (31) cooperates with one of the multiple positioning rods (28). The annular fixing seat two (30)... The outer side of the 0) is fitted with an annular plate 2 (32), and the end of the annular plate 2 (32) is provided with four evenly distributed transmission grooves 2 (33). The four transmission grooves 2 (33) are each provided with a transmission rod 2 (34). The bottom of the four transmission rods 2 (34) is fixedly installed with a top rod (35). The four top rods (35) are respectively slidably installed in the interior of their respective positioning grooves (31). The outer side of the annular plate 2 (32) is fixedly fitted with a worm gear (36). One side of the worm gear (36) is meshed with a worm (37). The worm (37) is rotatably installed at one end inside the support base (1).

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