Preparation method of ecological grass planting brick and preparation method of ecological protection slope
By preparing ecological grass pavers and combining them with grass seed sowing, the problem of resource utilization of sludge and bird droppings has been solved, improving the durability and ecological properties of slope protection and reducing operating costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410988503.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
AI Technical Summary
The sludge and bird droppings produced by existing livestock wastewater treatment plants are difficult to utilize as resources, and traditional slope protection materials lack durability and ecological properties, resulting in high operating costs and serious environmental pollution.
An ecological grass-planting brick preparation method is adopted, in which sludge and bird droppings are mixed with cement, coarse sand, gravel and other materials to prepare hollow concrete brick blanks, which are then spliced on the slope surface. Combined with the sowing of grass seeds and fine soil, an ecological slope protection is formed.
This approach enables the resource utilization of sludge and bird droppings, improves the durability and erosion resistance of ecological slope protection, and reduces operating costs and environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN121374828A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention mainly relates to the fields of livestock wastewater treatment and ecological slope protection by planting grass, and particularly to a method for preparing ecological grass bricks and a method for preparing ecological slope protection. Background Technology
[0002] my country's existing livestock wastewater treatment plants generate a large amount of sludge with high organic matter content. Struvite, as a resource-based product of nitrogen and phosphorus treatment in livestock wastewater plants, faces challenges due to the high cost of building its own resource-based production line and unstable sales channels. Furthermore, the cost of transporting and disposing of both sludge and struvite externally can significantly increase the operating costs for the operating units.
[0003] Specifically, sludge and struvite are rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients, and can be used as slow-release fertilizers for plants. This can effectively utilize resources to avoid environmental pollution and reduce the operational pressure on sewage treatment plants.
[0004] In addition, most current slope protection methods for mountains or riverbanks use rigid materials such as masonry, rubble masonry, cast-in-place or precast concrete. While these methods are durable, they neglect the organic connection with the environment and ecosystem, which contradicts green development. However, using only grass for slope protection results in poor erosion resistance, serious soil erosion, and cannot effectively solve the problem of durability. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a method for preparing ecological grass pavers and an ecological slope protection method, which can fully utilize sludge and bird droppings. The prepared ecological grass pavers have a strong structure, which can improve the durability of ecological slope protection.
[0006] Specifically, this invention proposes a method for preparing ecological grass pavers, comprising the following steps:
[0007] S1, mix the mixture evenly, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture is 20% to 30% cement, 10% to 20% coarse sand, 5% to 10% crushed stone, 40% to 60% sludge, and 1% to 5% struvite;
[0008] S2, pour the mixture into a mold to form a concrete brick blank with a hollow structure, and remove the concrete brick blank from the mold after it has hardened;
[0009] S3, the concrete brick blank is cured, the curing temperature is controlled within the set temperature, and the curing time is the set time, to obtain ecological grass pavers.
[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the sludge has a moisture content of 30-50%.
[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the struvite is generated by a crystallization reaction in wastewater treatment.
[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, a curing agent is added during the mixing process of the mixture to enhance the bonding strength of the mixture.
[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the set temperature is 20℃±5℃.
[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the set duration is 28 to 32 days.
[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ecological grass brick is a hollow frame structure, including a frame and ribs connecting the frame, and hollow spaces are formed between the ribs and between the ribs and the frame.
[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the ecological grass brick is any one of square, rhombus, triangle, circle or pentagon.
[0017] This invention also provides a method for preparing ecological slope protection, comprising the following steps:
[0018] T1, On the slope of a mountain or river embankment, multiple of the aforementioned ecological grass bricks are spliced on the surface of the slope according to the shape of the slope to form a base;
[0019] T2, a mixture of grass seeds and fine soil, is sown into the hollow structure of the eco-friendly grass pavers on the substrate;
[0020] T3, nurture the grass seeds to grow so that the interior of the substrate is filled with plant roots.
[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step T3, during the maintenance of the grass seed growth, water mist is sprayed onto the substrate to promote the germination of the grass seed.
[0022] The present invention provides a method for preparing ecological grass pavers and an ecological slope protection method, which can fully utilize sludge and bird droppings. The prepared ecological grass pavers have a strong structure and can provide nutrients needed for plant growth, thereby improving the durability of ecological slope protection.
[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description of the invention are exemplary and illustrative, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as described in the claims. Attached Figure Description
[0024] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention. They are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with this specification, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
[0025] In the attached image:
[0026] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for preparing an ecological grass paver according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological grass-planting brick according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0028] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for preparing an ecological slope protection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0029] Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of an ecological slope protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological grass-planting brick that forms part of an ecological slope protection.
[0031] The above figures include the following reference numerals:
[0032] Eco-friendly grass pavers 200
[0033] Border 201
[0034] Rib 202
[0035] Hollowed-out 203
[0036] 204 arc-shaped protrusions
[0037] Ecological slope protection 400 Detailed Implementation
[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.
[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0041] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.
[0042] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.
[0043] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.
[0044] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terminology used in this application is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this application's specification may have been chosen by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Moreover, this application should be understood not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.
[0045] In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples with the terms "approximately," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise stated, "approximately," "approximately," or "generally" indicates that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may be changed depending on the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should take into account specified significant digits and employ a general method of digit reservation. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to confirm their breadth of scope in some embodiments of this application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such values are set as precisely as feasible.
[0046] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for preparing an ecological grass paver according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown, a method for preparing an ecological grass paver includes the following steps:
[0047] S1. Mix the mixture evenly. The mass ratio of the mixture is 20% to 30% cement, 10% to 20% coarse sand, 5% to 10% crushed stone, 40% to 60% sludge, and 1% to 5% struvite.
[0048] S2, pour the mixture into a mold to form a concrete brick blank with a hollow structure, and remove the concrete brick blank from the mold after it has hardened;
[0049] S3 involves curing the concrete brick blanks at a set temperature for a set duration to obtain ecological grass pavers.
[0050] This invention provides a method for preparing ecological grass pavers, primarily using sludge and struvite as raw materials. Since sludge and struvite are rich in organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus, they can provide nutrients for plant growth. When the prepared ecological grass pavers are placed on the slopes of mountains or riverbanks, the nutrients from the pavers are released into the slope soil through diffusion and absorbed by the plants. This preparation method provides a rational resource utilization method for sludge and struvite, and effectively reduces the amount of fertilizer used during slope planting, saving planting costs.
[0051] Preferably, in step S1, the sludge moisture content is 30-50%. Specifically, the sludge used in the preparation method comes from a livestock wastewater treatment plant. Utilizing the moisture content of the sludge itself in the mixing process of step S1 reduces water consumption in brick making, thus saving costs. Simultaneously, it can consume the large amount of sludge solid waste generated during livestock wastewater treatment, effectively reducing operating costs. This method has excellent practicality and application prospects for livestock wastewater treatment plants.
[0052] Preferably, in step S1, struvite is generated through a crystallization reaction in wastewater treatment. The chemical formula of struvite is Mg(NH4)PO4·6H2O, and this struvite originates from the struvite crystallization reaction in livestock wastewater treatment plants. The struvite crystallization reaction is a chemical process. This process is mainly used in wastewater treatment, where the formation of struvite helps remove pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. The basic conditions for the struvite crystallization reaction are the simultaneous presence of magnesium ions (Mg2+), ammonia ions (NH4+), and phosphate ions (PO4+) in the solution. 3-When the concentration product of these ions exceeds the solubility product constant of struvite in water, struvite crystals spontaneously form. This reaction has significant application value in wastewater treatment because it not only helps remove nutrients from wastewater, but struvite itself, as a high-quality slow-release fertilizer, also enables phosphorus recovery. Furthermore, the specific conditions for the struvite crystallization reaction include a suitable pH value (typically between 7.3 and 8.2) and adjusting the ion ratio in the solution by adding appropriate chemical reagents (such as basic magnesium carbonate and ammonium chloride) to promote struvite formation. This process not only helps purify wastewater but also allows for the reuse of phosphorus resources in wastewater through struvite recovery, offering the dual benefits of environmental friendliness and resource recovery.
[0053] Preferably, in step S1, during the mixing process of the mixture, an appropriate amount of curing agent is added to enhance the bonding strength of the mixture.
[0054] Preferably, in step S2, the temperature is set to 20℃±5℃.
[0055] Preferably, in step S2, the duration is set to 28 to 32 days.
[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological grass-planting brick according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the ecological grass paver 200 has a hollow frame structure, including a frame 201 and ribs 202 connecting the frame 201. The ribs 202 form openings 203 between each other and between the ribs 202 and the frame 201. It should be noted that the ribs 202 can be of various shapes. In this embodiment, the ecological grass paver 200 is square, and the ribs 202 are straight or curved. The curved ribs 202 in the middle are connected end to end, forming a central circular opening 203. The straight ribs 202 connecting the frame 201, the curved ribs 202, and the frame 201 form irregularly shaped openings 203. The openings 203 of the ecological grass paver 200 serve as a growing space for plants. The four corners of the ecological grass paver 200 frame structure form inward-curving arc-shaped protrusions 204 to reinforce the entire frame structure.
[0057] Preferably, the concrete brick blank is any one of square, rhombus, triangle, circle or pentagon.
[0058] Example 1, step S1: The mixture is formulated with the following components per 100 tons: 20 tons of cement, 20 tons of coarse sand, 10 tons of crushed stone, 48 tons of sludge, and 2 tons of struvite. An appropriate amount of curing agent can be added during the mixing process to enhance the bonding strength of the materials, and the mixture is stirred until homogeneous.
[0059] Step S2: The mixture is poured into a mold, pressed into concrete brick blanks, and demolded after hardening.
[0060] Step S3: The curing temperature of the concrete brick blanks is controlled at 20℃~23℃, and the curing time is 30 days, resulting in ecological grass pavers. (Reference) Figure 2 The obtained ecological grass pavers 200 are square, with a border 201 that is 300mm long and 50mm thick, ribs that are 20mm thick, and arc-shaped protrusions 204 that have a radius of 20mm.
[0061] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for preparing an ecological slope protection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of an ecological slope protection method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological grass-planting brick constituting an ecological slope protection element. This invention also provides a method for preparing ecological slope protection, which includes the following steps:
[0062] T1 involves piecing together multiple of the aforementioned eco-friendly grass pavers on the surface of a mountain or riverbank slope, according to the slope's shape, to form a base. (Reference) Figure 4 and Figure 5 The ecological grass pavers 200 selected for the ecological slope protection 400 are square in shape. Multiple ecological grass pavers 200 are suitable for splicing and arranging together to cover the slope surface to form a stable overall structure. It should be noted that the slope surface can be cleaned and leveled before laying, which facilitates the laying of ecological grass pavers 200, ensures neat splicing, and results in a stable structure.
[0063] T2, a mixture of grass seeds and fine soil, is sown into the hollow structure of the 200mm ecological grass pavers at the base. Covering the grass seeds with fine soil is crucial when planting. This not only keeps the slope soil moist but also promotes seed germination. The thickness of the covering soil should be adjusted according to the grass seed variety and the specific conditions of the planting area, generally controlled between 1-2 cm. This covering layer helps regulate slope soil moisture, prevents excessive evaporation, and also promotes close contact between the grass seeds and the soil, providing a favorable growing environment for the grass seeds.
[0064] T3, by nurturing grass seed growth to fill the substrate with plant roots, creates an ecological slope protection system. The ecological grass pavers that make up the ecological slope protection provide the nutrients needed for plant growth, and the paver structure enhances the structural stability and erosion resistance of the slope, effectively preventing soil erosion. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in the hollow structure of the ecological grass brick 200 that constitutes the ecological slope protection 400, the central arc-shaped rib 202 forms a circular hollow 203 located in the center. The straight rib 202 connecting the frame 201, together with the arc-shaped rib 202 and the frame 201, forms an irregular hollow 203. The hollow 203 is filled with plants.
[0065] Preferably, in step T3, during the seed cultivation period, the substrate is sprayed with water mist to promote seed germination. Specifically, seed cultivation also includes regular water misting, which is key to keeping the soil moist, but care should be taken to avoid overwatering to prevent waterlogging. In addition, appropriate application of organic fertilizer can provide the nutrients needed for seed growth and promote its healthy development. In the early stages of seed growth, special attention should be paid to preventing weed invasion, as weeds compete with the seeds for nutrients and sunlight, affecting their normal growth.
[0066] Example 2, step T1: On the slope of a mountain or river embankment, multiple ecological grass pavers 200 are continuously laid on the surface of the slope according to the shape of the slope to form a base covering the slope surface.
[0067] Step T2: Mix grass seeds and fine soil, and evenly spread them on the hollow structure of the ecological grass pavers 200 on the base.
[0068] Step T3 involves spraying water mist in the early stage to promote the germination of grass seeds, and regular maintenance in the later stage to ensure that the vegetation covers the base, that is, the entire slope surface, forming an ecological slope protection 400.
[0069] The method for preparing ecological grass pavers and ecological slope protection provided by this invention has the following characteristics:
[0070] 1. Ecological grass pavers are beneficial to vegetation growth. Because sludge and guano contain organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other substances necessary for plant growth, they provide a good nutritional environment for plant growth. Compared to the traditional method of directly spreading fertilizer on slopes, this invention fixes nutrients in ecological grass pavers, achieving good fixation and slow-release effects. This realizes the resource utilization of sludge and guano, and provides a grass paver that can provide nutrients.
[0071] 2. Ecological grass pavers have a hollow structure, providing space for vegetation growth. The stable structure of the pavers enhances the erosion resistance of ecological slope protection and reduces soil erosion.
[0072] 3. Livestock wastewater treatment plants have abundant sludge and struvite raw materials, which are inexpensive and have low energy consumption in the preparation process, effectively reducing costs;
[0073] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the exemplary embodiments described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that this invention cover modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick, comprising the following steps: S1, mix the mixture evenly, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture is 20% to 30% cement, 10% to 20% coarse sand, 5% to 10% crushed stone, 40% to 60% sludge, and 1% to 5% struvite; S2, pour the mixture into a mold to form a concrete brick blank with a hollow structure, and remove the concrete brick blank from the mold after it has hardened; S3, the concrete brick blank is cured, the curing temperature is controlled within the set temperature, and the curing time is the set time, to obtain ecological grass pavers.
2. The method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the sludge has a moisture content of 30-50%.
3. The method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the struvite is generated through a crystallization reaction during wastewater treatment.
4. The method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, a curing agent is added during the mixing process of the mixture to enhance the bonding strength of the mixture.
5. The method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the set temperature is 20℃±5℃.
6. The method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the set duration is 28 to 32 days.
7. The method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological grass pavers have a hollow frame structure, including a frame and ribs connecting the frame, with open spaces formed between the ribs and between the ribs and the frame.
8. The method for preparing an ecological grass-planting brick as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the ecological grass brick can be any one of square, rhombus, triangle, circle or pentagon.
9. A method for preparing an ecological slope protection structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: T1, On the slope of a mountain or river embankment, multiple ecological grass bricks as described in any one of claims 1-8 are spliced on the surface of the slope according to the shape of the slope to form a base; T2, a mixture of grass seeds and fine soil, is sown into the hollow structure of the eco-friendly grass pavers on the substrate; T3, nurture the grass seeds to grow so that the interior of the substrate is filled with plant roots.
10. The method for preparing an ecological slope protection structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In step T3, during the maintenance of the grass seed growth, water mist is sprayed onto the substrate to promote the germination of the grass seed.