Treatment device for converter high-temperature vaporization flue boiler outlet gas

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of converter gas treatment, and relates to a converter high-temperature vaporization flue boiler outlet gas treatment device, which comprises a first conveying pipeline, a second conveying pipeline, a cyclone dust collector and a tempering dust collector, an inlet of the first conveying pipeline is used for being connected with a coal gas outlet of a converter vaporization flue boiler, an outlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector, an inlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with an outlet of the cyclone dust collector, and an outlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with an inlet of the tempering dust collector. An outlet of the tempering dust remover is connected with an electrostatic dust remover; the first conveying pipeline is provided with fire extinguishing equipment used for extinguishing sparks in the pipe section, and the second conveying pipeline is provided with at least one fire pipe evaporator arranged in the flowing direction of coal gas. The problem that the fire tube is blocked due to zinc liquid drops, high-temperature molten ash and the like condensed by zinc steam in the coal gas heat and mass recovery process through the fire tube evaporator is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of converter gas treatment, and particularly relates to a device for treating converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of converter oxygen blowing steelmaking, a large amount of CO-containing crude gas with a temperature as high as 1450-1600℃ is generated. In order to protect the subsequent equipment and recover energy, the crude gas is usually cooled by a vaporization flue gas boiler installed above the converter, and the heat thereof is recovered to produce steam. The temperature of the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas is about 1000℃, and a large amount of dust is contained therein, which needs to be cooled and purified by a dust removal process.

[0003] At present, the converter gas treatment mainly adopts a dry dust removal process or a wet dust removal process. In the dry dust removal process, the gas passes through an evaporative cooler and an electrostatic precipitator in sequence, and dust removal is realized by water spraying, gravity settling and electrostatic adsorption. However, the process has the following defects: 1. The sensible heat of the flue gas in the range of 200-1000℃ is directly discarded, resulting in huge energy loss; 2. The water spraying process in the evaporative cooler consumes a large amount of water resources, increasing the energy and resource cost; 3. The water spraying causes the water content of the gas to increase, forming "wet gas", which affects the economy of subsequent utilization. The wet dust removal process further has the problems of large energy consumption, sludge and wastewater treatment, etc., and the sensible heat of the flue gas in the range of 200-1000℃ is also directly discarded, resulting in even more huge energy loss than the dry process.

[0004] In order to realize the recovery of the sensible heat of the flue gas in the range of 200-1000℃, attempts have been made in the prior art to recover part of the heat by a waste heat boiler, but most of these systems adopt a radiant or convection waste heat boiler, which has limited heat transfer efficiency, and the risk of combustion and explosion of the medium-low temperature section gas has not been effectively solved.

[0005] The fire tube evaporator has the significant advantages of high pressure resistance of the heat source gas flow, small wear risk, and being more suitable for high-dust gas heat sources, etc. However, there are also some technical bottlenecks in practical application: the high-temperature molten ash in the converter steelmaking process, such as the molten ash contained in the high-temperature gas itself, and the fact that the use of scrap steel raw materials containing zinc and other elements in steelmaking causes the flue gas to contain a certain concentration of zinc vapor, when the zinc vapor encounters the cold wall surface and condenses into zinc droplets and adsorbs dust on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube of the fire tube evaporator, since the industry standard stipulates that the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube of the fire tube evaporator is not more than 133mm, the heat exchange tube of the fire tube evaporator is easily blocked for a long time, which seriously affects the normal operation of the equipment.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a converter high-temperature vaporization flue boiler outlet gas treatment device with a more stable application of fire tube evaporator. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a converter high-temperature vaporization flue boiler outlet gas treatment device, which solves the problem of blockage of the heat exchange pipe of the fire tube evaporator caused by zinc liquid droplets and high-temperature molten ash due to the existence of zinc vapor condensation in the application of fire tube evaporator for heat and mass recovery of coal gas.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the present application includes:

[0009] The present application provides a converter high-temperature vaporization flue boiler outlet gas treatment device, which includes a first conveying pipeline, a second conveying pipeline, a cyclone dust collector and a conditioning dust collector configured to spray water to the coal gas for conditioning and dust removal; the inlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with the coal gas outlet of the converter vaporization flue boiler, the outlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with the inlet of the cyclone dust collector, the inlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with the outlet of the cyclone dust collector, the outlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with the inlet of the conditioning dust collector, and the outlet of the conditioning dust collector is connected with the electrostatic dust collector; the first conveying pipeline is provided with a fire extinguishing device for extinguishing sparks in the pipeline section, and the second conveying pipeline is provided with at least one fire tube evaporator arranged along the flow direction of the coal gas.

[0010] Optionally, the first conveying pipeline is configured as a vaporization flue structure; and the pipeline part of the second conveying pipeline, except the fire tube evaporator, is configured as a vaporization flue structure.

[0011] Optionally, the first conveying pipeline is configured to reduce the temperature of the coal gas by 100-300 DEG C, and the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline is configured to reduce the temperature of the coal gas by 30-100 DEG C.

[0012] Optionally, the cyclone dust collector includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is located inside the outer cylinder, the side wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a coal gas inlet, the inner cylinder serves as a coal gas outlet passage, and a cyclone dust removal passage of the coal gas is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the wall surface of the outer cylinder is sequentially provided with an outer protective plate, a first outer thermal insulation layer, a first dust removal heat exchange pipe and a first inner thermal insulation layer along the radial direction from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface.

[0013] Optionally, the wall surface of the inner cylinder is sequentially provided with a second outer thermal insulation layer, a second dust removal heat exchange pipe and a second inner thermal insulation layer along the radial direction from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface.

[0014] Optionally, the outer cylinder comprises a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected in sequence from top to bottom; the first dust-removing heat exchange pipe on the cylindrical cylinder is a heat exchange pipe spirally upward around the cylindrical cylinder, or the first dust-removing heat exchange pipe on the cylindrical cylinder is a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the cylindrical cylinder; the first dust-removing heat exchange pipe on the conical cylinder is a heat exchange pipe spirally upward around the conical cylinder, or the first dust-removing heat exchange pipe on the conical cylinder is a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the conical cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the cyclone dust collector is configured to reduce the temperature of the coal gas by 20-100 DEG C.

[0016] Optionally, the fire extinguishing device is a fire extinguishing spraying device for spraying water when a spark is detected in the high-temperature coal gas in the first conveying pipeline.

[0017] Optionally, two fire tube evaporators are arranged on the second conveying pipeline in the direction of the coal gas flow; the cyclone dust collector and the conditioning dust collector are both vertical structures and are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the two fire tube evaporators are both arranged in the up-down direction, with one fire tube evaporator above the cyclone dust collector and the other fire tube evaporator above the conditioning dust collector.

[0018] Optionally, the first conveying pipeline and the second conveying pipeline are both U-shaped with the opening downward, the first conveying pipeline is provided with a first explosion venting valve at the highest position, and the second conveying pipeline is provided with a second explosion venting valve at the highest position.

[0019] Optionally, the treatment device of the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet coal gas further comprises a water-cooled blind plate, a water-cooled channel plate and a third conveying pipeline originally used for conveying the coal gas into the dust removal device of the converter system, the third conveying pipeline is U-shaped with the opening downward and has an upward pipe section for guiding the upward flow of the coal gas and a downward pipe section for guiding the downward flow of the coal gas; the inlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with the upper part of the upward pipe section, and the water-cooled blind plate and the water-cooled channel plate are selectively connected between the first conveying pipeline and the upward pipe section and between the third conveying pipeline and the dust removal device, so as to pass the coal gas outlet by the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler into the treatment device or the dust removal device.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0021] The application provides a converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device, which has the remarkable beneficial effects that: first, the fire extinguishing equipment on the first conveying pipeline and the fire tube evaporator on the second conveying pipeline can extinguish the sparks in the gas in time, and the extinguishing time can be controlled before the gas temperature drops to the combustion and explosion interval according to the pipeline arrangement sequence, so that the risk of CO combustion and explosion is fundamentally eliminated, and the system operation safety is ensured; second, the cyclone dust collector can effectively remove zinc liquid drops and high-temperature molten ash (the high-temperature molten ash is actually high-temperature sparks) in the gas through centrifugal action, specifically, the centrifugal force of the cyclone dust collector can make the zinc vapor condense into zinc liquid drops after contacting the cold cylinder wall, and further remove the liquid drops after the liquid drops are converted into ash particles due to temperature drop, so that the technical bottleneck that the fire tube evaporator is easily blocked by the liquid drops such as zinc vapor condensation and high-temperature molten ash due to the small pipe diameter is solved, the coal gas treatment device applied with the fire tube evaporator can operate more stably, and the efficient recovery of the gas sensible heat and large-particle dust is realized; meanwhile, the conditioning dust collector only needs a small amount of water spraying for the final temperature reduction and dust removal, so that the water content of the gas is reduced, and the calorific value and economy of the gas are preserved. The overall device structure is compact, explosion-proof, anti-blocking and high-efficiency heat recovery, and the dual difficulties of low heat transfer efficiency of the existing waste heat boiler and easy blocking of the fire tube evaporator are broken through. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The application is described by means of the following drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 2 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic view of a cyclone dust collector according to an embodiment of the application;

[0025] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a top view structural schematic view of the cyclone dust collector according to the embodiment of the application;

[0026] Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of a heat exchange pipe in an outer cylinder of the cyclone dust collector according to the embodiment of the application;

[0027] Figure 5 FIG. 7 is a structural schematic view of a cyclone dust collector according to another embodiment of the application;

[0028] Figure 6 FIG. 8 is a structural schematic view of a heat exchange pipe in an outer cylinder of the cyclone dust collector according to the another embodiment of the application;

[0029] Figure 7Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a partial cyclone dust collector according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a device for treating outlet gas of a converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes a drum;

[0031] Figure 9 Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a water-cooled blind plate according to an embodiment of the present application, viewed from a top perspective;

[0032] Figure 10 Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a water-cooled blind plate according to an embodiment of the present application, viewed from a side perspective;

[0033] Figure 11 Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a water-cooled channel plate according to an embodiment of the present application, viewed from a top perspective;

[0034] Figure 12 Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a water-cooled channel plate according to an embodiment of the present application, viewed from a side perspective.

[0035] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] 11: fire extinguishing equipment; 12: first explosion venting valve; 13: first connecting pipe section; 14: first elbow pipe section; 15: second connecting pipe section;

[0037] 21: first fire tube evaporator; 22: second fire tube evaporator; 23: soot blower; 24: second explosion venting valve; 25: second elbow pipe section;

[0038] 3: cyclone dust collector;

[0039] 31: outer cylinder; 32: inner cylinder; 33: gas inlet;

[0040] 311: outer cover plate; 312: first outer heat insulation layer; 313: first dust removal heat exchange pipe; 314: first inner heat insulation layer; 315: water inlet header; 316: water outlet header;

[0041] 4: conditioning dust collector;

[0042] 5: drum;

[0043] 51: circulating pump;

[0044] 6: water-cooled blind plate;

[0045] 61: cover plate; 62: first heat exchange pipe; 63: high-temperature resistant cast layer; 64: first flange;

[0046] 7: water-cooled channel plate;

[0047] 71: second heat exchange tube; 72: second flange;

[0048] 81: upcomer section; 82: downcomer section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a particular order or primary and secondary relationship.

[0051] In the present application, the phrase "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears at various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive or alternative to other embodiments.

[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "attach" should be understood broadly, for example, can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference signs represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings, and the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device are only exemplary and should not constitute any limitation on the present application.

[0055] The "multiple" appearing in the present application refers to two or more, including two.

[0056] The "up", "down" and other directions referred to in the present application are taken as the reference of the orientation. Figure 1

[0057] In the prior art, the heat of the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas is directly recovered, such as using a waste heat boiler to directly recover the heat of the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas, which may cause the risk of low-temperature section gas combustion and explosion. Specifically, the temperature of the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas is about 1000℃, and the final temperature of the gas after heat recovery is about 250℃. However, the gas contains a large amount of CO, and the combustion and explosion temperature range of the gas is generally below 650℃, so when the gas is cooled to the combustion and explosion temperature range by heat exchange, CO combustion and explosion is easily caused, thereby causing a series of problems such as equipment damage, system shutdown, safety risk, etc.

[0058] Three conditions are needed for the combustion and explosion of the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas: 1. The gas temperature is in the gas combustion and explosion temperature range; 2. The concentration of carbon monoxide and oxygen in the gas is in a specific ratio range; 3. There are sparks in the gas.

[0059] Therefore, the present application fully considers the fire tube blockage caused by high-temperature molten ash, zinc vapor condensation into zinc liquid droplets, etc. in the application of fire tube evaporator for gas heat and mass recovery, and the combustion and explosion characteristics of CO in the gas heat exchange process, and proposes a safe and reliable converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device.

[0060] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device, which comprises a first conveying pipeline, a second conveying pipeline, a cyclone dust collector 3 and a conditioning dust collector 4 configured to spray water to the gas for conditioning and dust removal. The inlet of the first conveying pipeline is used to connect with the gas outlet of the converter vaporization flue gas boiler, the outlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with the inlet of the cyclone dust collector 3, the inlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 3, the outlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with the inlet of the conditioning dust collector 4, and the outlet of the conditioning dust collector 4 is used to connect with an electrostatic dust collector. The first conveying pipeline is provided with a fire extinguishing device 11 for extinguishing sparks in high-temperature gas, and the second conveying pipeline is provided with at least one fire tube evaporator arranged along the gas flow direction.​

[0061] The converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device provided by the application has the remarkable beneficial effects that: first, the fire extinguishing device 11 can extinguish sparks in the gas in time, and in combination with the pipeline arrangement sequence, the fire extinguishing time can be controlled before the gas temperature drops to the combustion and explosion interval, thereby fundamentally eliminating the CO combustion and explosion risk and ensuring the system operation safety; second, the cyclone dust collector 3 effectively removes high-temperature molten ash and zinc liquid droplets condensed from zinc vapor in the gas through centrifugal action. Specifically, the cyclone dust collector 3 utilizes centrifugal force to make the zinc vapor condense into zinc liquid droplets on the cold cylinder wall surface, and then remove the molten ash and zinc liquid droplets after further cooling and conversion into low-temperature ash particles, thereby solving the technical bottleneck that the fire tube evaporator is easily blocked by the molten ash and zinc liquid droplets due to the small pipe diameter, enabling the gas treatment device using the fire tube evaporator to operate more stably and realizing efficient recovery of the gas sensible heat; meanwhile, the conditioning dust collector 4 only needs a small amount of water spray for cooling and dust removal, thereby reducing the water content of the gas and preserving the calorific value and economy of the gas. The overall device structure is compact, and explosion prevention, blockage prevention and efficient heat recovery are taken into account, thereby breaking through the dual dilemma of low heat transfer efficiency of the existing waste heat boiler and easy blockage of the fire tube evaporator.

[0062] It should be noted that the traditional waste heat boiler or vaporization flue and other devices adopt a large-channel heat exchange design, so even if the high-temperature molten ash, zinc liquid droplets generated by zinc vapor condensation and the like adhere to the wall surface, they will not cause significant blockage, and therefore the existing technology generally ignores the removal of high-temperature molten ash and zinc liquid droplets. However, this design idea cannot be well adapted to the fire tube evaporator, because the relatively narrow pipe diameter of the fire tube evaporator is easily blocked by molten ash and zinc vapor condensation adsorption dust, resulting in device failure. More importantly, other dust collectors except the cyclone dust collector 3, such as inertial dust collectors and gravity dust collectors, can only remove solid particles and cannot effectively handle gaseous zinc vapor. The application ingeniously combines the fire tube evaporator with the cyclone dust collector 3, and through the unique centrifugal action of the cyclone dust collector 3, the zinc vapor is brought into contact with the cold wall surface to condense into liquid droplets and further cooled and converted into ash particles for removal, thereby fundamentally solving the blockage problem caused by molten ash and zinc liquid droplets and enabling the advantages of the fire tube evaporator to be exerted.

[0063] It should be further noted that the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas treatment device provided by the application is equivalent to replacing the evaporative cooler in the existing dry dust removal process, thereby realizing sensible heat recovery of the converter gas and as much as possible ensuring the calorific value of the gas, and further realizing heat and mass recovery of the gas.

[0064] Specifically, the fire tube evaporator is internally provided with fire tubes arranged in parallel, the outer wall of the fire tube evaporator is provided with a water inlet and a steam outlet which are in communication with the space outside the fire tube, the inside of the fire tube serves as a flow channel for converter gas, and the space between the fire tube and the outer wall of the fire tube evaporator is used for passing water for boiling.

[0065] The device for processing converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas provided by the application can be applied in both new factories and old factories. When applied in a new factory, the system layout has greater flexibility due to less space constraint. At this time, the number of fire tube evaporators is not strictly limited, and three or more fire tube evaporators can be configured according to actual heat recovery requirements to realize gradient heat recovery and efficient utilization. Meanwhile, the first conveying pipeline can be flexibly selected according to process requirements: it can be designed as a conveying pipeline without participating in heat exchange, or it can be designed as a vaporization flue structure with heat exchange function, which works with the fire tube evaporator to build a multi-stage heat exchange system.

[0066] When applied in the old factory reconstruction of a converter, due to the inherent narrow space of the old factory, only two fire tube evaporators are generally allowed to be arranged, and if the first conveying pipeline is designed as an empty flue without participating in heat exchange and all heat recovery loads are concentrated on the fire tube evaporators, the single device will be too large and heavy, which brings great difficulty to hoisting and construction. For example, under the typical working condition of a 120-ton converter with a steam generation pressure of 2.5 MPa, if heat recovery is only relied on the fire tube evaporator, the weight of the single device required will exceed 100 tons, and such a large device cannot be easily and safely hoisted and positioned in the old factory area with limited space.

[0067] Therefore, the first conveying pipeline is designed as a vaporization flue structure, and the pipeline part other than the fire tube evaporator in the second conveying pipeline is also designed as a vaporization flue structure. Through this design, the conveying pipeline itself becomes a heat exchange unit, and the heat load is reasonably distributed. Specifically, the pipeline of the vaporization flue structure not only bears the function of conveying gas, but also preliminarily exchanges heat through its heating surface, which can effectively recover part of the heat, thereby significantly reducing the heat load of the downstream fire tube evaporator. In this distributed heat exchange system, the heat exchange amount required by a single fire tube evaporator is greatly reduced, and thus the volume and weight of the single fire tube evaporator are greatly reduced, which facilitates hoisting in old factory reconstruction.

[0068] The first conveying pipeline is configured as a vaporization flue, which not only solves the installation problem caused by the bulkiness of the fire-tube evaporator, but also has additional technical advantages: on the one hand, the wall temperature of the pipeline of the vaporization flue structure is effectively controlled, compared with the empty flue not participating in heat exchange, the first conveying pipeline reduces the dependence on the thick layer of refractory castable cylinder wall, so that the thickness of the furnace wall of the first conveying pipeline is greatly reduced from the traditional 600 mm or more to about 200 mm, further reducing the self-weight of the pipeline system; on the other hand, the thermal expansion of the entire coal gas treatment device is more uniform, improving the stability and safety of the device operation. Through this integrated design, the application realizes the best balance of efficient heat mass recovery, safe operation and engineering stability in a limited modification space.

[0069] Further preferably, the first conveying pipeline is configured to cool the coal gas by 100-300°C, and the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline is configured to cool the coal gas by 30-100°C; the two fire-tube evaporators arranged on the second conveying pipeline are respectively a first fire-tube evaporator 21 and a second fire-tube evaporator 22 arranged along the flow direction of the coal gas, the first fire-tube evaporator 21 is configured to cool the coal gas by 250-350°C, and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 is configured to cool the coal gas by 100-200°C. In this way, the first conveying pipeline cools the coal gas by 100-300°C, so that the coal gas is first safely reduced to a temperature value greater than 650°C, effectively avoiding the risk zone below 650°C; the vaporization flue structure of the second conveying pipeline continues to cool by 30-100°C, realizing heat recovery and reducing the equipment load of the fire-tube evaporator; through the cascade cooperation of the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22, efficient heat recovery is ensured, and the old plant modification space is fully utilized.

[0070] Preferably, as shown in Figures 2 to 7 The cyclone dust collector 3 includes an outer cylinder 31 and an inner cylinder 32, the inner cylinder 32 is located inside the outer cylinder 31, the side wall of the outer cylinder 31 is provided with a coal gas inlet 33, the inner cylinder 32 serves as an outlet passage of the coal gas, and a cyclone dust removal passage of the coal gas is formed between the outer cylinder 31 and the inner cylinder 32; the wall surface of the outer cylinder 31 is sequentially provided with an outer protective plate 311, an outer heat insulation layer 312, a dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 and an inner heat insulation layer 314 along the radial direction from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface.

[0071] The traditional cyclone dust collector 3 is resistant to coal gas, and the furnace wall needs to be filled with more high-temperature castable, so that the thickness of the furnace wall can reach 600-700mm, resulting in that the cyclone dust collector 3 is large in size and heavy in weight. Through the layered arrangement of the outer protective plate 311, the first outer heat insulation layer 312, the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 and the first inner heat insulation layer 314, the wall surface of the dust collector has the heat exchange function, the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 can effectively recover the waste heat of the coal gas, and the wall surface temperature is maintained at the saturated steam temperature, so that the thickness of the furnace wall can be greatly reduced to about 200mm, which not only reduces the weight and size of the equipment, but also reduces the load of the workshop. At the same time, the integrated design makes the cyclone dust collector 3 itself become a waste heat recovery unit, which can pre-cool the coal gas, further reducing the heat load of the downstream fire tube evaporator, thereby effectively reducing the size and weight of the required fire tube evaporator, which is beneficial to solve the hoisting problem of the fire tube evaporator. In addition, the optimized furnace wall structure cooperates with the heat insulation layer to make the overall thermal expansion of the device more uniform while ensuring the structural strength and thermal efficiency, thereby improving the stability and safety of the device operation.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 in the outer cylinder 31 is a spiral upward heat exchange pipe around the outer cylinder 31. The lower end port of the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 serves as a feed water inlet, and the upper end port of the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 serves as a water-vapor mixture outlet. Figure 4

[0073] Further, the outer cylinder 31 includes a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected in sequence from top to bottom; the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the cylindrical cylinder is a spiral upward heat exchange pipe around the cylindrical cylinder, and the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the conical cylinder is a spiral upward heat exchange pipe around the conical cylinder. In this way, the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the cylindrical cylinder cools and cools the coal gas to recover heat, and the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the conical cylinder not only cools and cools the coal gas for heat recovery, but also cools and cools the deposited dust, recovers the heat of the dust, and provides safety protection for the subsequent dust conveying. The first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the cylindrical cylinder and the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the conical cylinder can be integrally arranged or separately arranged.

[0074] The first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the cylindrical cylinder and the first dust removal heat exchange pipe 313 on the conical cylinder can be a single pipe spiral upward heat exchange pipe or a multi-pipe spiral upward heat exchange pipe.

[0075] ​In some other embodiments, the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 in the outer cylinder 31 are a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction, the plurality of heat exchange pipes are arranged around the outer cylinder 31, the lower end ports of the plurality of heat exchange pipes are in communication with the water inlet header 315, and the upper end ports of the plurality of heat exchange pipes are in communication with the water outlet header 316. The water inlet header 315 and the water outlet header 316 are both annular and are sleeved on the outer cylinder 31.

[0076] Further, the outer cylinder 31 comprises a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected in sequence from top to bottom; the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder are a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the cylindrical cylinder, and the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the conical cylinder are a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the conical cylinder. In this way, the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder cool and lower the temperature of the coal gas to recover heat, and the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the conical cylinder not only cool and lower the temperature of the coal gas for heat recovery, but also cool and lower the temperature of the deposited dust to recover the heat of the dust, thereby providing safety guarantee for the subsequent dust conveying. The first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder and the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the conical cylinder can be integrally arranged or separately arranged.

[0077] Optionally, the outer cylinder 31 comprises a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected in sequence from top to bottom; the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder are spiral upward heat exchange pipes arranged around the cylindrical cylinder, the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the conical cylinder are a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the conical cylinder; or, the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder are a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the cylindrical cylinder, and the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the conical cylinder are spiral upward heat exchange pipes arranged around the conical cylinder. The first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the cylindrical cylinder and the first dust-removing heat exchange pipes 313 on the conical cylinder can be integrally arranged or separately arranged.

[0078] Preferably, the wall surface of the inner cylinder 32 is sequentially provided with a second outer heat insulation layer, a second dust-removing heat exchange pipe and a second inner heat insulation layer from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface in the radial direction. In this way, the heat recovery capacity of the cyclone dust collector 3 for the coal gas is further improved. The second outer heat insulation layer and the second inner heat insulation layer are both made of wear-resistant material.

[0079] Preferably, the cyclone dust collector 3 is configured to lower the temperature of the coal gas by 20-100°C.

[0080] Preferably, the fire extinguishing device 11 is a fire extinguishing spraying device for spraying water when the existence of sparks in the first conveying pipe is detected. It should be noted that the fire extinguishing spraying device only sprays water when the existence of sparks in the first conveying pipe is detected, and does not spray water at other times. The water spraying amount of the fire extinguishing spraying device is very small and will not significantly affect the heat recovery and heat value of the coal gas.

[0081] Further preferably, a soot blower 23 is arranged on each of the fire-tube evaporators for cleaning the tube wall of the heat exchange tube. In this way, the attachment of the dust on the tube plate surface above the fire-tube evaporator can be reduced by the soot blower 23, and the heat exchange efficiency and the operation stability of the device are improved.

[0082] Preferably, a first explosion relief valve 12 is arranged at the highest position of the first conveying pipeline, and a second explosion relief valve 24 is arranged at the highest position of the second conveying pipeline. In this way, even if a combustion explosion occurs in the first conveying pipeline or the second conveying pipeline, the first explosion relief valve 12 and the second explosion relief valve 24 can be quickly opened to release the pressure and then quickly reset, thereby protecting the system and the device and further improving the safety of the coal gas treatment device.

[0083] Preferably, the cyclone dust collector 3 and the conditioning dust collector 4 are both vertical structures and are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 are both vertically arranged in the up-down direction. In this way, the coal gas treatment device has a compact structure and is conducive to the falling of dust, and can adapt to the modification space of an existing plant.

[0084] Specifically, in some embodiments, the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 are both vertically placed. Of course, the first fire-tube evaporator 21 and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 can also be placed in the up-down direction according to the requirement of the angle of repose.

[0085] Further, in some embodiments, the first conveying pipeline has a first connecting pipe section 13, a first elbow pipe section 14, and a second connecting pipe section 15 arranged in the direction of the gas flow, the bottom of the first connecting pipe section 13 is used to connect with the gas outlet of the converter gasification flue boiler, the first end of the first elbow pipe section 14 is connected with the top of the first connecting pipe section 13, and the second end of the first elbow pipe section 14 is connected with the cyclone dust collector 3 through the second connecting pipe section 15; the second conveying pipeline has the first fire-tube evaporator 21, a second elbow pipe section 25, and the second fire-tube evaporator 22 arranged in the direction of the gas flow, the bottom of the first fire-tube evaporator 21 is connected with the top of the cyclone dust collector 3, the first end of the second elbow pipe section 25 is connected with the top of the first fire-tube evaporator 21, and the second end of the second elbow pipe section 25 is connected with the conditioning dust collector 4 through the second fire-tube evaporator 22.

[0086] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing equipment 11 is arranged on the second connecting pipe section 15.

[0087] Specifically, the first explosion relief valve 12 is arranged at the top of the first elbow pipe section 14, and the second explosion relief valve 24 is arranged at the top of the second elbow pipe section 25.

[0088] Specifically, the cyclone dust collector 3 is provided with a gas outlet at the top, a dust recovery port at the bottom, and a gas inlet 33 at the side wall, the second end of the first elbow pipe section 14 is connected with the gas inlet 33 of the cyclone dust collector 3 through the second connecting pipe section 15, and the gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector 3 is connected with the first end of the second elbow pipe section 25 through the first fire tube evaporator 21.

[0089] Specifically, in the embodiment, the top of the conditioning dust collector 4 is connected with the outlet of the second fire tube evaporator 22. The bottom of the conditioning dust collector 4 is provided with a dust recovery port, the lower side wall is provided with a gas outlet, the upper part of the conditioning dust collector 4 is provided with a conditioning spray device, the second end of the second elbow pipe section 25 is connected with the gas inlet of the conditioning dust collector 4 through the second fire tube evaporator 22, and the gas outlet of the conditioning dust collector 4 is used to be connected with the electrostatic dust collector.

[0090] The gas treatment device provided by the application further comprises a steam drum 5, a water supply pipe and a steam pipe, and the efficient recovery and unified management of heat energy are realized through the integrated steam-water circulation system. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the water outlet of the steam drum 5 is connected with the inlet of the water supply pipe, the water supply pipe can be configured as multiple parallel branch pipes, and is connected with the gasification flue structure of the first conveying pipeline, the gasification flue structure of the second conveying pipeline, each fire tube evaporator and the heat exchange structure in the cyclone dust collector 3 respectively, so as to realize distributed water supply to each heat exchange unit. At the same time, the steam inlet of the steam drum 5 is connected with the outlet of the steam pipe, and the steam pipe can also be configured as multiple parallel branch pipes, which are used for centralized recovery of saturated steam generated by the above-mentioned heat exchange units. This parallel pipe layout not only realizes the step-by-step utilization and flexible distribution of heat, but also avoids the cross interference of pipes through rational arrangement, simplifies the system structure and improves the maintenance convenience. After the water-steam mixture generated by each heat exchange unit is separated in the steam drum 5, the saturated steam enters the steam pipe network for production use, and the separated saturated water participates in the circulation heat exchange again through the water supply pipe, forming a closed-loop heat energy recovery system.

[0091] Specifically, a circulating pump 51 is arranged on the water supply pipe.

[0092] In the old factory, the converter system has a dust removal device and a third conveying pipeline for conveying gas into the dust removal device, wherein the dust removal device can be a dry dust removal device or a wet dust removal device. When the gas treatment device provided by the application is applied in the old factory reconstruction, the gas treatment device provided by the application further comprises a water-cooled blind plate 6, a water-cooled channel plate 7 and a third conveying pipeline for conveying gas into the original dust removal device of the converter system, the third conveying pipeline is in the shape of an open downward U-shaped, and has an upward pipe section 81 for guiding the upward flow of gas and a downward pipe section 82 for guiding the downward flow of gas; the inlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with the upper part of the upward pipe section 81, and the water-cooled blind plate 6 and the water-cooled channel plate 7 are selectively connected between the first conveying pipeline and the upward pipe section 81 and between the third conveying pipeline and the dust removal device, so as to pass the converter high-temperature vaporization flue gas boiler outlet gas into the above-mentioned gas treatment device or the dust removal device. The water-cooled blind plate 6 and the water-cooled channel plate 7 are both internally provided with a water-cooled heat exchange structure.

[0093] By introducing the switchable design of the water-cooled blind plate 6 and the water-cooled channel plate 7, firstly, the structure realizes the rapid switching of the gas passage between the heat recovery mode and the traditional dust removal mode, greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system operation, and can cope with different process requirements such as equipment maintenance or process adjustment, to ensure the production continuity; secondly, the water-cooled heat exchange structure effectively controls the working temperature of the blind plate and the channel plate, avoids the thermal deformation or damage of the components caused by high-temperature gas, and significantly enhances the system safety and service life.

[0094] Specifically, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the water-cooled blind plate 6 is in the shape of a round plate, including a blind plate body and a first flange 64 fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the blind plate body, and the blind plate body is sequentially provided with a guard plate 61, a first heat exchange pipe 62 and a high-temperature-resistant pouring layer 63 along the thickness direction of the blind plate body, wherein the high-temperature-resistant pouring layer 63 serves as a working surface directly contacting with the gas; the first heat exchange pipe 62 is coiled and laid on the surface of the guard plate 61 along a serpentine path from the first end of the guard plate 61 to the second end of the guard plate 61. Optionally, the first heat exchange pipe 62 is coiled from the edge of the guard plate 61 to the center of the guard plate 61 along a spiral path, and then reversely coiled from the center of the guard plate 61 to the edge of the guard plate 61 along a spiral path. Further, the serpentine, spiral or other path of the first heat exchange pipe 62 continuously covers the contact area of the high-temperature-resistant pouring layer 63 and the gas. In this way, uniform and efficient cooling of the water-cooled blind plate 6 is realized, and thermal deformation or damage of the components caused by local high temperature is effectively avoided.

[0095] Specifically, as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12 , the water-cooled channel plate 7 includes a second flange 72 in the shape of a ring and a second heat exchange pipe 71 clamped in the second flange 72, and the second heat exchange pipe 71 extends in the shape of a ring along the circumference of the second flange 72.

[0096] Optionally, the cross section of the second heat exchange pipe 71 is semicircular, and the planar side of the second heat exchange pipe 71 is welded with the second flange 72.

[0097] Specifically, the inlet of the first heat exchange pipe 62 can be communicated with a water supply pipe, and the outlet of the first heat exchange pipe 62 can be communicated with a steam pipe; the inlet of the second heat exchange pipe 71 can be communicated with the water supply pipe, and the outlet of the second heat exchange pipe 71 can be communicated with the steam pipe. The water supply pipe supplies circulating water to the first heat exchange pipe 62 and the second heat exchange pipe 71, and the steam generated after absorbing heat is recycled to the steam drum 5 through the steam pipe, so as to realize continuous exchange of heat.

[0098] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for treating converter high-temperature vaporized flue gas at the outlet of a boiler, characterized in that, The first conveying pipeline, the second conveying pipeline, the cyclone dust collector (3) and the quenching and dust collector (4) configured to spray water to quench and dust the coal gas; The inlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with the outlet of the converter gasification flue boiler, the outlet of the first conveying pipeline is connected with the inlet of the cyclone dust collector (3), the inlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with the outlet of the cyclone dust collector (3), the outlet of the second conveying pipeline is connected with the inlet of the quenching and dust collector (4), and the outlet of the quenching and dust collector (4) is connected with the electrostatic dust collector. The first conveying pipeline is provided with a fire extinguishing device (11) for extinguishing sparks in the pipeline section, and the second conveying pipeline is provided with at least one fire tube evaporator arranged along the flow direction of the coal gas.

2. The device for treatment of converter high-temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conveying pipeline is configured as a gasification flue structure; and the pipeline part of the second conveying pipeline, except the fire tube evaporator, is configured as a gasification flue structure.

3. The device for treatment of converter high-temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first conveying pipeline is configured to reduce the temperature of the coal gas by 100-300 DEG C, and the gasification flue structure of the second conveying pipeline is configured to reduce the temperature of the coal gas by 30-100 DEG C.

4. The device for treatment of converter high-temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The cyclone dust collector (3) comprises an outer cylinder (31) and an inner cylinder (32), the inner cylinder (32) is located inside the outer cylinder (31), the side wall of the outer cylinder (31) is provided with a coal gas inlet (33), the inner cylinder (32) serves as an outlet passage of the coal gas, and a cyclone dust removal passage of the coal gas is formed between the outer cylinder (31) and the inner cylinder (32); the wall surface of the outer cylinder (31) is sequentially provided with an outer shield (311), a first outer thermal insulation layer (312), a first dust removal heat exchange pipe (313) and a first inner thermal insulation layer (314) along the radial direction from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface.

5. The converter high-temperature gasification flue gas boiler exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized by, The wall surface of the inner cylinder (32) is sequentially provided with a second outer thermal insulation layer, a second dust removal heat exchange pipe and a second inner thermal insulation layer along the radial direction from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface.

6. The converter high temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (31) comprises a cylindrical cylinder and a conical cylinder connected in sequence from top to bottom; The first dust removal heat exchange pipe (313) on the cylindrical cylinder is a heat exchange pipe spirally upward around the cylindrical cylinder, or the first dust removal heat exchange pipe (313) on the cylindrical cylinder is a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the cylindrical cylinder; The first dust removal heat exchange pipe (313) on the conical cylinder is a heat exchange pipe spirally upward around the conical cylinder, or the first dust removal heat exchange pipe (313) on the conical cylinder is a plurality of heat exchange pipes arranged in the up-down direction and arranged around the conical cylinder.

7. The converter high temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cyclone dust collector (3) is configured to reduce the temperature of the coal gas by 20-100 DEG C.

8. The device for treatment of converter high-temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device (11) is a fire extinguishing spray device for spraying water when detecting the presence of sparks in the first conveying pipeline.

9. The device for treatment of converter high-temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conveying pipeline is provided with two fire tube evaporators arranged along the flow direction of the coal gas; the cyclone dust collector (3) and the quenching and dust collector (4) are both vertical structures and are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the two fire tube evaporators are both arranged in the up-down direction, with one fire tube evaporator above the cyclone dust collector (3) and the other fire tube evaporator above the quenching and dust collector (4).

10. The converter high temperature gasification flue gas boiler outlet coal gas treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first conveying pipe and the second conveying pipe are both in the shape of U with the opening downward, the first relief valve (12) is arranged at the highest position of the first conveying pipe, and the second relief valve (24) is arranged at the highest position of the second conveying pipe.

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