Multi-connected crown blade vibration test device, test system and test method

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration test device and a test method. The vibration test device comprises a force bearing frame which is used for being connected with a plane where a test is located; the torque loading device is used for being connected with the top of the multi-connected shrouded blade, and the torque loading device can move in the circumferential direction of the multi-connected shrouded blade; the mounting base is used for being connected with the bottom of the multi-connected shrouded blade, and the mounting base can move in the radial direction of the multi-connected shrouded blade; wherein the mounting base is used for receiving centrifugal force loading, and the blade body part of the multi-connected shrouded blade is used for receiving vibration loading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a multi-unit crowned blade vibration testing device, testing system, and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] As turbine blades in high-bypass turbofan engines become increasingly slender and thin, high-cycle fatigue becomes more pronounced under high-temperature and high-speed conditions, making blade vibration reduction design particularly important. For low-pressure turbine blades, which have slender and weak blade structures, dry friction pairs are typically designed at the blade crown to reduce vibration response. The design of blade crown parameters is crucial, as different torsion angles, blade crown compressive stresses, and contact areas all affect the vibration reduction effect. To obtain optimal vibration reduction performance while controlling verification costs, static vibration testing is usually used for experimental verification. Therefore, static loading design is essential for simulating real operating conditions and obtaining effective experimental data.

[0003] Vibration tests of crowned blades often involve excitation tests on single blades, which cannot simulate the effect of centrifugal force on vibration characteristics. At the same time, with the crown in a free state, it is also impossible to simulate the effect of pre-torsion of adjacent blades on torsional stiffness in the assembled state. Therefore, the test modal results differ significantly from those of the installed blades, and it is also difficult to verify the effect of crown dry friction damping on vibration reduction performance.

[0004] If rotational vibration tests are to be conducted on components, the cost and time required are high due to the large number of crowned blades in a single rotation.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need in this field for a new testing device and testing method to simulate as closely as possible the effects of blade centrifugal force and blade crown compression on blade vibration characteristics under real working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One object of this application is to provide a vibration testing apparatus.

[0007] One object of this application is to provide a vibration testing system.

[0008] One object of this application is to provide a vibration testing method.

[0009] According to one aspect of this application, a vibration testing apparatus is provided for conducting vibration tests on a crowned blade, wherein the crowned blade is a multi-unit crowned blade. The testing apparatus includes: a load-bearing frame for connection to the test plane; a torque loading device for connection to the top of the multi-unit crowned blade, the torque loading device being movable circumferentially along the multi-unit crowned blade; and a mounting base for connection to the bottom of the multi-unit crowned blade, the mounting base being movable radially along the multi-unit crowned blade; wherein the mounting base is used to receive centrifugal force loading, and the blade body portion of the multi-unit crowned blade is used to receive vibration loading.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, the load-bearing frame includes a first part and a second part. The first part is fixedly connected to the plane where the test is conducted, and the second part is the top of the load-bearing frame, which is provided with a circumferential sliding part that can slide relative to the torque loading device in the circumferential direction.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, the circumferential sliding portion includes a top and a bottom, the top of the circumferential sliding portion being used to connect with the load-bearing frame, and the bottom of the circumferential sliding portion providing installation space for a torque loading device.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, the loading assembly includes a ratchet loading device and a gear assembly including a central main gear and two side gears respectively meshing with the main gear. The torque transmission path of the loading assembly is configured such that the ratchet of the ratchet loading device receives externally input torque, transmits it to the central main gear, and transmits it to the two side gears to rotate in the same direction, so that the extrusion force is synchronously loaded onto the blade crowns on both sides through torque transmission.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, both sides of the gears have a loading block structure at the top, through which the torque load of the two sides of the gears is transmitted to the blade crown.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, the torque transmission path of the loading block structure for transmitting the torque load of the gears on both sides to the blade crown is configured as follows: the loading block structure applies the torque load to the blade crown friction and extrusion surfaces of the multi-section crowned blades located on both sides respectively, and the blade located in the middle of the multi-section crowned blades is pre-torsional assembled with the blades on both sides to receive the torsional load transmitted by the blades on both sides.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing device, the two side gears are respectively provided with their own rotating shafts, the two side gears rotate around their respective rotating shafts, and the top of the rotating shafts is fixedly connected to the circumferential sliding part.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing device, the main gear and the two side gears of the gear assembly are all hollow structures with hinge pins provided in the hollow channels. The bottom of the pins is connected to the blade crown, and the top of the pins is fixedly connected to the circumferential sliding part.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing device, a ratchet mounting groove is provided at the bottom of the circumferential sliding part. The ratchet can rotate in the ratchet mounting groove, and the ratchet pawl is mounted on the circumferential sliding part through a rotating shaft. The transmission path of centrifugal force is configured as follows: when the multi-section crowned blade is subjected to centrifugal load, the load is transmitted to the ratchet through the pin, and the ratchet transmits the load to the axial sliding part through the contact surface at the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, a mounting base is connected to base support devices on both sides, the mounting base being capable of radial movement relative to the base support devices along the multi-section crowned blades, and the base support devices being fixedly connected to the mounting platform.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, the mounting base is connected to a force sensor at its bottom, and the force sensor is connected to a force-applying component that applies the centrifugal force.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, a steel cable is further included, with both ends of the steel cable connected to the force sensor and the mounting platform respectively via tightening components, and radial simulated centrifugal force is applied by tightening the steel cable.

[0021] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, during the application of radial simulated centrifugal force loading by tightening the steel cable, the mounting base is capable of radial movement relative to the base support device along the multi-section crowned blades, and the mounting base and the base support device are in a horizontal clearance fit.

[0022] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, the top of the mounting base is provided with a tenon groove, which engages with the tenon at the bottom of the multi-section crowned blade.

[0023] In one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus, the torque loading device slides circumferentially along the multi-section crowned blade via a slide rail; the mounting base slides radially along the multi-section crowned blade via a slide rail.

[0024] According to another aspect of this application, a vibration testing system includes the vibration testing apparatus as described above, and a multi-unit crowned blade, the multi-unit crowned blade being mounted on the mounting base and the torque loading device.

[0025] According to another aspect of the vibration test method of this application, a vibration test is conducted by using the vibration test device as described above to apply centrifugal force to the multi-section crowned blade and / or apply torque to the test blade by adjacent blades, while simultaneously applying vibration excitation.

[0026] In one or more embodiments of the vibration test method, the number of the multi-column crowned blades is three circumferentially adjacent blades, and the test blade is the middle blade of the three blades in the circumferential direction.

[0027] In one or more embodiments of the vibration test method, the middle blade of the multi-column crowned blade can be replaced with a middle blade of a different crown to obtain vibration test results corresponding to the crown parameters of different crowns.

[0028] The improvements made by this application include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of the following:

[0029] 1. A multi-blade clamping device is designed based on the blade tenon. Both ends of the clamping device are connected to the supporting bases at both ends via radial slide rails. During stress, the tenon clamping device can slide freely radially. The bottom of the tenon clamping device is connected to the base via a loading cable and a force sensor. Different loads are applied via the loading cable to simulate the centrifugal force on the blade. The top of the blade crown is connected to the top supporting steel frame via a hinge structure. Therefore, the radial load design can simulate the centrifugal force loading of multiple blades, while the top hinge structure ensures that the radial load does not interfere with the blade's own torsion, providing a design channel for subsequent blade crown torque loading. This overcomes the problem in existing technologies where the complex blade crown structure in static tests often makes it difficult to simulate the influence of centrifugal loads.

[0030] 2. A three-gear transmission mechanism is used to simulate the effect of different torsional states of connected blades on the extrusion pressure on the friction surface. The traditional gear mechanism consists of one driving large gear and two driven small gears. The driving large gear is connected to a ratchet device to accurately apply torque and lock the device after loading. The torque is synchronously transmitted through the two small gears and applies extrusion pressure to the friction surface of the blade crowns on both sides. The magnitude of the extrusion pressure can be calculated based on the traditional gear torque, achieving precise control and adjustment of the extrusion pressure. This design adjusts the blade crown stiffness by adjusting the extrusion pressure at the blade crown boundary through different loading torques. At the same time, the loading device does not affect the dry friction of the extrusion surface, realizing the verification of damping and vibration reduction effects while conducting vibration testing. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The above and other features, properties and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration testing device according to one or more embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the blade crown torque loading device for one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus of this application.

[0034] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the blade crown torque loading device structure of one or more embodiments of the vibration testing apparatus of this application.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blade crown torque loading device and blade assembly for a vibration testing apparatus according to one or more embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal load loading device at the bottom of the vibration testing apparatus according to one or more embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 6A , Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the cross-sectional area AA of a vibration testing apparatus according to one or more embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 1. Load-bearing frame; 2. Circumferential sliding part; 3. Torque loading device; 4. Triple crowned blades; 5. Mounting base; 6. Base support device; 7. Force gauge; 8. Ground mounting platform; 9. Vibrator; Z, Radial direction indicator arrow;

[0040] 21. Bottom of the circumferential sliding part; 22. Top of the circumferential sliding part

[0041] 31. Ratchet mounting slot; 32. Ratchet loading device; 33. Torque wrench mounting slot; 34. Left torque transmission gear; 35. Middle torque transmission main gear; 36. Right torque transmission gear; 37. Hinge pin;

[0042] 321. Ratchet gear; 322. Ratchet pawl; 323. Ratchet pawl rotating shaft; 324. Bottom contact surface of ratchet mounting slot; 341. Left torque transmission gear loading block; 342. Left torque transmission gear rotating shaft; 351. Hollow hole of torque transmission main gear; 361. Right torque transmission gear loading block; 362. Right torque transmission gear rotating shaft; 371-372-373. Hinge pins;

[0043] 41-42-43, Leaf blades;

[0044] 411. Left blade extrusion surface; 431. Right blade extrusion surface;

[0045] 51. Install the base tenon joint;

[0046] 61. Bolt holes for base support device; 62. Guide rail slider; 63. Linear guide rail;

[0047] 71. Force gauge connecting steel cable; 72. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following discloses various implementation methods or embodiments of the described subject matter technical solutions. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of the various elements and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0050] As attached Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the vibration testing apparatus of this application includes a load-bearing frame 1, a torque loading device 3, and a mounting base 5. Specifically, refer to... Figure 1 As shown, the steel frame is a load-bearing frame used to connect to the plane where the test is conducted (e.g., fixed connection to the ground as shown in the figure). In some embodiments, the load-bearing frame 1 includes a first part and a second part. The first part is used to fix the test plane, and the second part is the top of the load-bearing frame 1, which is provided with a circumferential sliding part 2. The circumferential sliding part can slide relative to the torque loading device in the circumferential direction. For example, as shown in the figure, the load-bearing frame 1 is similar to the structure of the gantry frame of a gantry crane. A circumferential slide rail structure is installed on the top of the steel frame, and a torque loading device 3 is designed that can slide circumferentially along the guide rail in the circumferential sliding part 2.

[0051] A torque loading device 3 is used to connect to the top of the multi-unit crowned blades, and the torque loading device 3 is movable circumferentially along the multi-unit crowned blades. A mounting base 5 is used to connect to the bottom of the multi-unit crowned blades, and the mounting base 5 is movable radially along the multi-unit crowned blades. For example... Figure 1As shown, the multi-section crowned blade is a triple crowned turbine blade 4. The top of the triple crowned turbine blade 4 is assembled with the torque loading device 3 to load torque. The bottom of the blade is designed with a tenon mounting base 5 according to the tenon structure. The mounting base 5 is connected to the base support device 6 through a radial slide rail. The mounting base 5 is used to receive centrifugal force loading, while the blade body of the multi-section crowned blade is used to receive vibration loading. Specifically, the loading structure can be such that the bottom of the mounting base 5 is connected to the force sensor 7 via a steel cable loading system, facilitating precise loading of centrifugal force. Both the centrifugal force loading steel cable and the base support device are fixed on the ground mounting platform 8. Furthermore, during vibration testing, vibration loading is performed by connecting the top rod of the vibrator 9 to the test blade 4. Specifically, the top rod of the vibrator 9 can be connected to the middle blade 42 of the multi-section crowned blade 4. The vibration testing device will be further described in detail below through the introduction of some embodiments.

[0052] As attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the installation relationship between the torque loading device 3 and the circumferential sliding part 2 can be such that the circumferential sliding part 2 includes a top 22 and a bottom 21. The top 22 of the circumferential sliding part 2 is used to connect with the load-bearing frame 1, and the bottom 21 of the circumferential sliding part 2 provides installation space for mounting the loading components. The circumferential slide rail structure 2 is fixed to... Figure 1 On the load-bearing frame, the specific structure can be such that the top 22 has a circumferential sliding track designed inside the slide rail for hoisting the bottom 21 and facilitating circumferential adjustment of the bottom 21 within the track. That is, the torque loading device 3 slides circumferentially along the multi-section crowned blades 4 via the slide rail. A ratchet mounting groove 31 is provided at the bottom of the bottom 21 for mounting the torque loading device 3. The loading assembly of the torque loading device 3 mainly consists of a ratchet loading device 32 and a gear assembly. The gear assembly includes a central torque transmission main gear 35 and two side torque transmission gears, namely a left torque transmission gear 34 and a right torque transmission gear 36. A square hole can be provided at the top 33 of the ratchet for installing a torque wrench to apply the loading torque. When the entire test device is assembled, the torque wrench applies torque to the ratchet, causing the main gear 35 to rotate. The main gear, through gear transmission, drives the two side gears to rotate in the same direction, facilitating the synchronous application of the extrusion force to the crowns of the two side blades via torque transmission.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the torque loading device 3 may have a specific structure in which a ratchet 321 and a ratchet stop pawl 322 are engaged, so that the ratchet can only rotate instantaneously in the direction of the arrow in the figure when under load, and the pawl 322 locks the ratchet when loading is complete. The main gear 35 rotates synchronously with the ratchet to transmit the load to the gears on both sides. The left torque transmission gear 34 and the right torque transmission gear 36 are respectively provided with loading block structures 341 and 361 on the top to facilitate the transmission of load to the blade crown when the gears transmit torque. Reference Figure 4 As shown in some embodiments, in the schematic diagram of the blade crown torque loading device 3 and blade assembly in this application, from left to right are blades 41, 42, and 43. The gear loading block structures 341 and 361 on both sides respectively cooperate with the blade crowns of blades 41 and 43. When a torque wrench is used for loading, the ratchet 321 drives the main gear 35 to rotate clockwise as shown in the figure. Under the transmission action of the main gear, the gears on both sides rotate counterclockwise, synchronously driving the loading block structures 341 and 361 to load the blade crown friction extrusion surfaces 411 and 431. The middle blade 42 receives the torsional load from the blades 41 and 43 on both sides under the original interference pre-torsion assembly. By adjusting the loading torque through this design, the extrusion of the outer blades on the three-section blades is simulated, thereby accurately simulating the installation relationship of the blades in the machine mounting state. The torque transmission path thus formed can be as follows: the loading block structure transmits the torque load from the gears on both sides to the blade crown. The torque transmission path is configured such that the loading block structures 341 and 361 respectively apply the torque load to the blade crown friction and extrusion surfaces of the blades 41 and 43 on both sides of the three-section crowned blade 4. The blade 42 in the middle of the three-section crowned blade 4 is pre-torsively assembled with the blades 41 and 43 on both sides to receive the torsional load transmitted by the blades 41 and 43 on both sides. Both gears can rotate along their respective rotation axes 342 and 362, and the top of the rotation axis is fixed to the bottom 21 of the circumferential sliding part. In some embodiments, the three gears of the entire torque transmission device are hollow 351, and hinge pins 37 are designed in the hollow channels. The bottom of the pin is installed with the blade crown, and the top is fixed to the bottom 21 of the circumferential sliding part. This can prevent interference with the centrifugal force loading of the blades during torsional loading. Specifically, refer to Figure 6A As shown, in some embodiments, in the cross-sectional view AA of the test device in this application, to further illustrate the installation relationship of the top torque-applying device, the loading device is viewed in section AA. In section AA, the top of the three blades is connected to the bottom 21 via hinge pins 371, 372, and 373 to transmit the simulated centrifugal force applied from the tenon. Simultaneously, the connecting pins themselves have no torsional constraint, so they do not interfere with the radial loading when the blades rotate under torque load. The ratchet 321 is installed in the mounting groove 31 and can rotate within the groove. The ratchet pawl 322 is fixed to the bottom 21 via a rotating shaft 323. When the blade 42 is subjected to centrifugal load, the load is transmitted to the ratchet 321 via the hinge pin 372, and the ratchet 321 transmits the load to the bottom 21 via the contact surface 324 at the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the mounting base 5 is connected to base support devices 6 on both sides. The mounting base 5 can move radially relative to the base support devices 6 along the three-section crowned blade 4. The base support devices 6 are fixedly connected to the mounting platform 8. Specifically, the structure may involve a tenon mounting base 5 designed with the blade tenon position based on the mortise 51, and base support devices 6 symmetrically designed on both sides of the base 5. Linear guide rails 63 are radially mounted and fixed on both support devices 6. Guide rail sliders 62 connect the guide rails to the base 5, and the support devices are fixed to the ground mounting platform 8 with bolts at bolt holes 61. In some embodiments, a force sensor 7 is connected to the bottom of the mounting base 5. The force sensor 7 is connected to a force-applying component that applies the centrifugal force. For example... Figure 5 As shown, a force sensor 7 is fixed to the bottom of the base 5 by a pin. The centrifugal force application component includes a steel cable 71 and a pin 72. The force sensor 7 is connected to the connecting steel cable 71. By tightening the bolts, a radial simulated centrifugal force is applied to the steel cable, thereby precisely controlling the base 5 to drive the blades 4 to apply a simulated centrifugal force. The magnitude of the centrifugal force is precisely controlled by the force sensor. Figure 6B As shown, the two ends of the steel cable 71 are connected to the force sensor 7 and the mounting platform 8 respectively via tightening components (i.e., pins 72). Tightening the steel cable 71 applies a radial simulated centrifugal force. Specifically... Figure 6B As shown, the top of the force sensor 7 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 5 by a pin, and the bottom of the force sensor 7 is connected to the connecting steel cable 71 by a hinge pin 72. The steel cable 71 is fixedly connected to the ground mounting platform 8 by the pin 72. When applying simulated centrifugal force, the simulated force is applied by continuously tightening the steel cable 71 and combining the reading of the force sensor. The simulated force is transmitted to the blade through the tenon mounting base 5, thereby simulating the loading of centrifugal force. During the loading process, the mounting base 5 can slide freely in the radial direction on the linear guide rail 63 through the guide rail slider 62. At the same time, the linear guide rail 63 can slide horizontally with a certain degree of elasticity through clearance fit, without interfering with the radial centrifugal force loading.

[0055] As described above, this application also provides a vibration testing system, including the vibration testing device as described in the above embodiments, and a multi-section crowned blade (e.g., the triple crowned blade 4 shown in the figure), the multi-section crowned blade being mounted on the mounting base 5 and the torque loading device 3.

[0056] As described above, this application also provides a vibration testing method. Using the vibration testing apparatus described in the above embodiments, a vibration excitation is performed simultaneously on a multi-section crowned blade subjected to centrifugal force loading and / or torque loading from adjacent blades onto the test blade, to conduct a vibration test. In some embodiments, the number of multi-section crowned blades is three circumferentially adjacent blades, i.e., a three-section crowned blade 4, and the test blade is the middle blade 42 of the three blades 41, 42, and 43 in the circumferential direction. In some embodiments, the middle blade of the multi-section crowned blade can be replaced with a middle blade of a different crown, obtaining vibration test results corresponding to the crown parameters of different crowns, thus more efficiently testing the middle blades of different crowns and facilitating the obtaining of preferred crown parameters.

[0057] In this implementation scheme, different simulated centrifugal forces can be applied using a force gauge to simulate the centrifugal force of the blade in a rotating state, and different torques can be applied simultaneously based on the multi-blade assembly relationship. A normal force is then applied to the blade crown friction surface using torque transfer conversion relationships to simulate the assembly relationship of outsourced blades to a three-blade assembly in the installed state. Simultaneously, the influence of different extrusion forces on blade vibration is tested using a vibration excitation device, thereby verifying the blade crown damping vibration reduction effect. The radial and torsional loading designs of the loading device ensure accurate loading direction and uniform force distribution, improving the accuracy and adjustability of the crown blade vibration test simulation. The entire test scheme eliminates the need for rotational excitation testing, resulting in low test cost, high reliability, and controllable test cycle.

[0058] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above embodiments include, but are not limited to:

[0059] 1. A multi-blade clamping device is designed based on the blade tenon. Both ends of the clamping device are connected to the supporting bases at both ends via radial slide rails. During stress, the tenon clamping device can slide freely radially. The bottom of the tenon clamping device is connected to the base via a loading cable and a force sensor. Different loads are applied via the loading cable to simulate the centrifugal force on the blade. The top of the blade crown is connected to the top supporting steel frame via a hinge structure. Therefore, the radial load design can simulate the centrifugal force loading of multiple blades, while the top hinge structure ensures that the radial load does not interfere with the blade's own torsion, providing a design channel for subsequent blade crown torque loading. This overcomes the problem in existing technologies where the complex blade crown structure in static tests often makes it difficult to simulate the influence of centrifugal loads.

[0060] 2. A three-gear transmission mechanism is used to simulate the effect of different torsional states of connected blades on the extrusion pressure on the friction surface. The traditional gear mechanism consists of one driving large gear and two driven small gears. The driving large gear is connected to a ratchet device to accurately apply torque and lock the device after loading. The torque is synchronously transmitted through the two small gears and applies extrusion pressure to the friction surface of the blade crowns on both sides. The magnitude of the extrusion pressure can be calculated based on the traditional gear torque, achieving precise control and adjustment of the extrusion pressure. This design adjusts the blade crown stiffness by adjusting the extrusion pressure at the blade crown boundary through different loading torques. At the same time, the loading device does not affect the dry friction of the extrusion surface, realizing the verification of damping and vibration reduction effects while conducting vibration testing.

[0061] While this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Any changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application, without departing from the content of the technical solution of this application, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A vibration testing apparatus, characterized by comprising: A vibration test device for carrying out vibration test of a shrouded blade, the shrouded blade being a multi-serial shrouded blade, the test device comprising: a force bearing frame for connecting with a plane where the test is carried out; a torque loading device for connecting with a top of the multi-serial shrouded blade, the torque loading device being movable along a circumferential direction of the multi-serial shrouded blade; a mounting base for connecting with a bottom of the multi-serial shrouded blade, the mounting base being movable along a radial direction of the multi-serial shrouded blade; wherein the mounting base is used for receiving a centrifugal force loading, and a blade body part of the multi-serial shrouded blade is used for receiving a vibration loading.

2. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein The force bearing frame comprises a first part and a second part, the first part is used for fixedly connecting with the plane where the test is carried out, and the second part is a top of the force bearing frame and is provided with a circumferential sliding part, the circumferential sliding part is capable of relatively sliding with the torque loading device in the circumferential direction.

3. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 2, wherein The circumferential sliding part comprises a top and a bottom, the top of the circumferential sliding part is used for connecting with the force bearing frame, and the bottom of the circumferential sliding part provides a mounting space for the torque loading device.

4. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 3, wherein The loading assembly of the torque loading device comprises a ratchet loading device and a gear assembly, the gear assembly comprises a middle main gear and two side gears which are respectively engaged with the main gear, and a torque transmission path of the loading assembly is configured as follows: the ratchet of the ratchet loading device receives an external input torque, the torque is transmitted to the middle main gear, and the torque is transmitted to the two side gears to rotate in the same direction, so that the extrusion force is synchronously loaded to the shrouds of the two side blades through torque transmission.

5. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein The two side gears are respectively provided with a loading block structure at the top, and the torque load of the two side gears is transmitted to the shrouds through the loading block structure.

6. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 5, wherein The torque transmission path of the loading block structure for transmitting the torque load of the two side gears to the shrouds is configured as follows: the loading block structure respectively loads the torque load to the shroud friction extrusion surfaces of the blades located at the two sides of the multi-serial shrouded blade, the blade located in the middle of the multi-serial shrouded blade is pre-torqued with the blades located at the two sides, and the blade located in the middle receives the torsional load transmitted by the blades located at the two sides.

7. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein The two side gears are respectively provided with a rotating shaft corresponding to each other, the two side gears rotate around the rotating shafts respectively, and the top of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the circumferential sliding part.

8. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein The main gear and the two side gears of the gear assembly are all hollow structures, and a hinge pin is arranged in the hollow channel, the bottom of the pin is connected with the shroud, and the top of the pin is fixedly connected with the circumferential sliding part.

9. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 8, wherein The bottom of the circumferential sliding part is provided with a ratchet mounting groove, the ratchet can rotate in the ratchet mounting groove, and the ratchet pawl is installed on the circumferential sliding part through a rotating shaft, and a centrifugal force transmission path is configured as follows: when the multi-serial shrouded blade is subjected to a centrifugal load, the load is transmitted to the ratchet through the pin, and the ratchet transmits the load to the axial sliding part through a mounting groove bottom contact surface.

10. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The mounting base is connected with a base support device at the two sides, the mounting base is movable along the radial direction of the multi-serial shrouded blade relative to the base support device, and the base support device is fixedly connected with a mounting table.

11. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 10, wherein The mounting base is connected with a force sensor at the bottom, and the force sensor is connected with a force applying assembly for applying the centrifugal force.

12. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 11, wherein The steel cable is connected with the force sensor and the mounting base through the tightening member.

13. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 12, wherein The mounting base can move along the radial direction of the multi-connection crown vane relative to the base support device, and the mounting base and the base support device are in clearance fit in the horizontal direction.

14. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The exciter is connected to the middle vane of the multi-connection crown vane.

15. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The top of the mounting base is provided with a tenon groove matched with the tenon at the bottom of the multi-connection crown vane.

16. The vibration testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The torque loading device slides along the circumferential direction of the multi-connection crown vane through the slide rail, and the mounting base slides along the radial direction of the multi-connection crown vane through the slide rail.

17. A vibration test system, characterized by, The vibration test device comprises the mounting base and the torque loading device, and the multi-connection crown vane is installed on the mounting base and the torque loading device.

18. A vibration test method characterized by comprising: The vibration test device is used for centrifugal force loading and / or adjacent vane torque loading on the test vane of the multi-connection crown vane, and vibration excitation is performed at the same time to perform vibration test.

19. The vibration test method according to Claim 18, wherein The number of the multi-connection crown vane is three circumferentially adjacent vanes, and the test vane is the middle vane of the three vanes.

20. The vibration test method according to Claim 19, wherein The middle vane of the multi-connection crown vane can be replaced by the middle vanes of different vane crowns to obtain vibration test results corresponding to vane crown parameters of different vane crowns.

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