Method, system, medium and equipment for predicting hydrogen in oxygen of alkaline electrolysis system

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, a system, a medium and equipment for predicting hydrogen in oxygen of an alkaline electrolysis system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a total calculation formula for predicting hydrogen in oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system based on the contribution of dissolved hydrogen which is not separated by a gas-liquid separator, gaseous hydrogen which is not separated by the gas-liquid separator, electrolytic bath saturation diffusion and electrolytic bath supersaturation diffusion mechanisms to hydrogen in oxygen of the system; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different alkaline liquid circulation flow working conditions, calibrating a to-be-fitted coefficient; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different system pressure working conditions, calibrating a to-be-fitted coefficient; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different working current working conditions, calibrating a to-be-fitted coefficient; according to experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different temperature working conditions, a to-be-fitted coefficient sum is calibrated; and inputting temperature, pressure, alkali liquor circulation flow and current experiment data of the alkaline electrolysis system, and calculating hydrogen in oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system so as to output system HTO under different operation conditions in real time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrolytic hydrogen production, in particular to an alkali electrolysis system oxygen hydrogen prediction method, system, medium and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Alkaline water electrolysis technology is one of the important ways for large-scale green hydrogen production, especially in renewable energy driven application scenarios such as wind and solar power generation. However, due to the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy, the alkaline electrolysis system often needs to run under the conditions of wide power fluctuation, frequent start-stop and rapid load change, resulting in complex dynamic distribution of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the system, strong coupling changes of temperature and pressure and other multi-physical parameters, and further causing abnormal increase of hydrogen concentration in oxygen (HTO), which may trigger safety accidents in severe cases. At present, the existing methods for predicting hydrogen in oxygen of alkaline electrolysis system still have significant deficiencies: traditional models are mostly only for modeling the local behavior of electrolytic cells, and do not fully consider the comprehensive effect of multiple mechanisms such as unseparated dissolved hydrogen in gas-liquid separator, unseparated gaseous hydrogen, saturation and supersaturation diffusion in electrolytic cell; the existing methods generally ignore the influence of dynamic coupling of system pressure, alkali circulation flow, temperature and working current on HTO generation, resulting in low prediction accuracy and poor adaptability.

[0003] The existing model fails to comprehensively consider the joint contribution of four core mechanisms, i.e., unseparated dissolved hydrogen in gas-liquid separator, unseparated gaseous hydrogen, saturation diffusion and supersaturation diffusion in electrolytic cell, to HTO; lacks a step-by-step and efficient coefficient calibration strategy to realize rapid and accurate identification of model parameters under different operating conditions. It is difficult to meet the urgent needs of safety warning and operation control in engineering practice.

[0004] The above information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of the present application, and therefore can contain information that is not prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an alkali electrolysis system oxygen hydrogen prediction method, system, medium and equipment, which realizes rapid and accurate prediction of HTO concentration by establishing a multi-physical field coupling model of the whole system, a systematic prediction total model integrating the contributions of multiple mechanisms, and a step-by-step coefficient calibration strategy under different operating conditions. The present application not only can accurately quantify the contribution weight of each physical mechanism to HTO, but also has strong operating condition adaptability and real-time performance, providing a reliable basis for safe operation and optimal control of the alkaline electrolysis system.

[0006] An alkali electrolysis system oxygen hydrogen prediction method comprises:

[0007] Step 1: Based on the contributions of dissolved hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, gaseous hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, saturated diffusion in the electrolyzer, and supersaturated diffusion in the electrolyzer to the hydrogen in the oxygen of the system, the general formula for predicting the hydrogen in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system is obtained:

[0008] (6)

[0009] in, This indicates the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system. , , , , The coefficients to be fitted are... This indicates the temperature of the gas-liquid separator. Indicates the temperature of the electrolytic cell. The diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen at Tstack temperature. This is the system operating current. Indicates the system's alkali circulation flow rate. This indicates the total pressure of the gas-liquid separator. Here is the Henry's law constant for hydrogen at Tsep temperature. This indicates the total pressure of the electrolytic cell. Here is the Henry's law constant for hydrogen at Tstack temperature;

[0010] Step 2: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different alkaline solution circulation flow rates, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ;

[0011] Step 3: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different system pressure conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ;

[0012] Step 4: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different operating current conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ;

[0013] Step 5: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different temperature conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. and ;

[0014] Step 6: Input the experimental data of temperature, pressure, alkali circulation flow rate, and current of the alkaline electrolysis system, and calculate the hydrogen content in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system:

[0015] (12)

[0016] To output the system HTO under different operating conditions in real time.

[0017] In the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, step 2 involves stabilizing the system temperature, pressure, and current at the rated operating temperature and pressure, and adjusting the alkaline solution circulation flow rate to the maximum allowable flow rate. After the system stabilizes, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate and system HTO are recorded. The next step involves further adjusting the alkaline solution circulation flow rate to the minimum allowable flow rate. After the system stabilizes, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate and system HTO are recorded again.

[0018] (7)

[0019] Equation (7) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. The system HTO under minimum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. Rated operating current, This is the maximum alkali circulation flow rate. Minimum alkali circulation flow rate, The rated operating pressure of the gas-liquid separator. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. The Henry's law coefficient for hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the gas-liquid separator at the rated operating temperature; the coefficient to be fitted. After obtaining it, use it To express.

[0020] In the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, step 3 involves stabilizing the system temperature at the rated operating temperature, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate at the rated alkaline solution circulation flow rate, and the current at the rated operating current. The system pressure is then adjusted to the maximum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, the system pressure and system HTO are recorded. The next step is to continue adjusting the system pressure to the minimum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, the system pressure and system HTO are recorded again.

[0021] (8)

[0022] Equation (8) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum system pressure conditions. The system HTO under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the pressure of the gas-liquid separator under maximum system pressure conditions. The pressure of the gas-liquid separator under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under maximum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under minimum system pressure conditions. This is the rated alkali solution circulation flow rate. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. This refers to the rated operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. The Henry's law is the coefficient of hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature. The diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature is denoted as _____. The coefficient to be fitted is _____. After obtaining it, use it To express.

[0023] In the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, step 4 involves stabilizing the system temperature, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate, and the pressure at the rated levels. The system operating current is then adjusted to the maximum allowable operating current. After the system stabilizes, the operating current and system HTO are recorded. The next step involves further adjusting the system operating current to the minimum allowable operating current, and again, after the system stabilizes, recording the operating current and system HTO.

[0024] (9)

[0025] Equation (9) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum operating current condition, The system HTO is under minimum operating current condition. The rated working pressure of the electrolytic cell. For maximum operating current, Minimum operating current, coefficients to be fitted After obtaining it, use it To express.

[0026] In the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, step 5 involves stabilizing the system operating current, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate, and the pressure at the rated level. The system temperature is then adjusted to the maximum allowable operating temperature. After the system stabilizes, the temperature and system HTO are recorded. The next step involves further adjusting the system temperature to the minimum allowable operating temperature. Once the system stabilizes, the temperature and system HTO are also recorded.

[0027] (10)

[0028] Equation (10) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, For the system HTO under maximum temperature operating conditions, For the system HTO under minimum temperature operating conditions, This is the maximum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the minimum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the maximum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. The minimum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator, and the coefficients to be fitted. After obtaining it, use it To represent the calibrated coefficients to be fitted. , , , Substituting the experimental data under the maximum temperature condition into formula (6), the coefficients to be fitted are calculated. ,

[0029] (11)

[0030] Equation (11) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. coefficients to be fitted After all calibrations are completed, it will be used for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in alkaline electrolysis systems.

[0031] In the aforementioned method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, the Henry's coefficient for hydrogen is... and dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient The calculation is performed using equations (13 to 14):

[0032] (13)

[0033] (14)

[0034] Equation (13) is used to calculate the Henry coefficient for hydrogen. Equation (14) is used to calculate the dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient. ,in, This represents the mass concentration fraction of the alkali solution. is the gas constant.

[0035] The method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system is calibrated using eight operating conditions: maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum pressure, minimum pressure, maximum current, minimum current, maximum alkali circulation flow rate, and minimum alkali circulation flow rate.

[0036] A system for implementing the method includes:

[0037] The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time measurements of the temperature, pressure, alkaline solution circulation flow rate, operating current, and hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the electrolysis system.

[0038] The calculation module calculates the current HTO concentration based on the input real-time operating parameters;

[0039] The output module outputs the prediction results to the monitoring interface or control system for safety early warning and operation optimization.

[0040] A computer storage medium including computer instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method.

[0041] An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0042] Memory, processor, and computer programs stored in memory and executable on the processor, wherein,

[0043] The processor implements the method when executing the program.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: It proposes a systematic oxygen-hydrogen prediction model, simultaneously quantifying the contributions of four core mechanisms—unseparated gaseous hydrogen and dissolved hydrogen in the gas-liquid separator, and saturated and supersaturated diffusion in the electrolyzer—to HTO, significantly improving prediction accuracy. A step-by-step, efficient coefficient calibration strategy is proposed. By adjusting key operating parameters such as alkaline solution circulation flow rate, system pressure, operating current, and temperature, all coefficients to be fitted can be quickly and accurately identified using operating point data, lowering the application threshold of the model and enhancing its applicability and engineering practicality across the entire operating range. This method possesses real-time prediction capabilities. Once coefficient calibration is completed, the HTO concentration can be quickly calculated based on real-time temperature, pressure, flow rate, and current data of the system, providing a quantitative method for online safety monitoring, risk warning, and operational control of alkaline electrolysis systems. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0046] In the attached diagram:

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the rapid prediction and calibration method for hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system proposed in this invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of an alkaline electrolysis system;

[0049] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a gas-liquid separator that does not separate gaseous hydrogen.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator without the separation of dissolved hydrogen.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the saturated diffusion principle in an electrolytic cell;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the supersaturated diffusion principle in an electrolytic cell;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram comparing the experimental and predicted results of hydrogen concentration in the system oxygen under different operating conditions.

[0054] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0056] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions are preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of this invention is determined by the appended claims.

[0057] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Based on the contributions of dissolved hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, gaseous hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, saturated diffusion in the electrolyzer, and supersaturated diffusion in the electrolyzer to the hydrogen in the oxygen of the system, the general formula for predicting the hydrogen in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system is obtained:

[0060] (6)

[0061] in, This indicates the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system. , , , , The coefficients to be fitted are... This indicates the temperature of the gas-liquid separator. Indicates the temperature of the electrolytic cell. The diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen at Tstack temperature. This is the system operating current. Indicates the system's alkali circulation flow rate. This indicates the total pressure of the gas-liquid separator. Here is the Henry's law constant for hydrogen at Tsep temperature. This indicates the total pressure of the electrolytic cell. Here is the Henry's law coefficient for hydrogen at Tstack temperature.

[0062] Step 2: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different alkaline solution circulation flow rates, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ;

[0063] Step 3: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different system pressure conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ;

[0064] Step 4: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different operating current conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ;

[0065] Step 5: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different temperature conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. and ;

[0066] Step 6: Input the experimental data of temperature, pressure, alkali circulation flow rate, and current of the alkaline electrolysis system, and calculate the hydrogen content in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system:

[0067] (12)

[0068] To output the system HTO under different operating conditions in real time.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, in step 2, the system temperature is stabilized at the rated operating temperature, the pressure is stabilized at the rated operating pressure, and the current is stabilized at the rated operating current. The alkaline solution circulation flow rate is adjusted to the maximum allowable alkaline solution circulation flow rate. After the system stabilizes, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate and the system HTO are recorded. The next step is to continue adjusting the alkaline solution circulation flow rate to the minimum allowable alkaline solution circulation flow rate. After the system stabilizes, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate and the system HTO are recorded.

[0070] (7)

[0071] Equation (7) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. The system HTO under minimum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. Rated operating current, This is the maximum alkali circulation flow rate. Minimum alkali circulation flow rate, The rated operating pressure of the gas-liquid separator. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. The Henry's law coefficient for hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the gas-liquid separator at the rated operating temperature; the coefficient to be fitted. After obtaining it, use it To express.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment of the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, in step 3, the system temperature is stabilized at the rated operating temperature, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate is stabilized at the rated alkaline solution circulation flow rate, and the current is stabilized at the rated operating current. The system pressure is adjusted to the maximum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, the system pressure and system HTO are recorded. The next step is to continue adjusting the system pressure to the minimum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, the system pressure and system HTO are recorded.

[0073] (8)

[0074] Equation (8) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum system pressure conditions. The system HTO under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the pressure of the gas-liquid separator under maximum system pressure conditions. The pressure of the gas-liquid separator under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under maximum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under minimum system pressure conditions. This is the rated alkali solution circulation flow rate. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. This refers to the rated operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. The Henry's law is the coefficient of hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature. The diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature is denoted as _____. The coefficient to be fitted is _____. After obtaining it, use it To express.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment of the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, in step 4, the system temperature is stabilized at the rated operating temperature, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate is stabilized at the rated alkaline solution circulation flow rate, and the pressure is stabilized at the rated pressure. The system operating current is adjusted to the maximum allowable operating current. After the system stabilizes, the operating current and the system HTO are recorded. The next step is to continue adjusting the system operating current to the minimum allowable operating current. After the system stabilizes, the operating current and the system HTO are recorded again.

[0076] (9)

[0077] Equation (9) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum operating current condition, The system HTO is under minimum operating current condition. The rated working pressure of the electrolytic cell. For maximum operating current, Minimum operating current, coefficients to be fitted After obtaining it, use it To express.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment of the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, in step 5, the system operating current is stabilized at the rated operating current, the alkaline solution circulation flow rate is stabilized at the rated alkaline solution circulation flow rate, and the pressure is stabilized at the rated pressure. The system temperature is adjusted to the maximum allowable operating temperature. After the system stabilizes, the temperature and system HTO are recorded. The next step is to continue adjusting the system temperature to the minimum allowable operating temperature. After the system stabilizes, the temperature and system HTO are recorded.

[0079] (10)

[0080] Equation (10) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, For the system HTO under maximum temperature operating conditions, For the system HTO under minimum temperature operating conditions, This is the maximum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the minimum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the maximum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. The minimum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator, and the coefficients to be fitted. After obtaining it, use it To represent the calibrated coefficients to be fitted. , , , Substituting the experimental data under the maximum temperature condition into formula (6), the coefficients to be fitted are calculated. ,

[0081] (11)

[0082] Equation (11) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. coefficients to be fitted After all calibrations are completed, it will be used for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in alkaline electrolysis systems.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment of the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, the Henry's coefficient for hydrogen is... and dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient The calculation is performed using equations (13 to 14):

[0084] (13)

[0085] (14)

[0086] Equation (13) is used to calculate the Henry coefficient for hydrogen. Equation (14) is used to calculate the dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient. ,in, This represents the mass concentration fraction of the alkali solution. Let be the gas constant, and equations (13 to 14) are all formulas obtained by fitting experimental data.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment of the method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, calibration is performed using eight operating conditions: maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum pressure, minimum pressure, maximum current, minimum current, maximum alkali circulation flow rate, and minimum alkali circulation flow rate.

[0088] A system for implementing the method includes:

[0089] The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time measurements of the temperature, pressure, alkaline solution circulation flow rate, operating current, and hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the electrolysis system.

[0090] The calculation module calculates the current HTO concentration based on the input real-time operating parameters;

[0091] The output module outputs the prediction results to the monitoring interface or control system for safety early warning and operation optimization.

[0092] A computer storage medium including computer instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method.

[0093] An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0094] Memory, processor, and computer programs stored in memory and executable on the processor, wherein,

[0095] The processor implements the method when executing the program.

[0096] In one embodiment, using any two temperature operating points, any two pressure operating points, any two current operating points, and any two alkali circulation flow rate operating points—a total of eight operating points—can also achieve rapid calibration of hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system. The operating points used in the rapid calibration method for hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system are only to ensure a wider applicability of the prediction method. The experimental data under the maximum temperature condition is used to calibrate the coefficients to be fitted in the rapid calibration method for hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system. However, the desired fitting coefficients can also be obtained using experimental data from any of the following operating conditions: maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum pressure, minimum pressure, maximum current, minimum current, maximum alkali circulation flow rate, and minimum alkali circulation flow rate. Rapid calibration.

[0097] Because predicting the hydrogen concentration in oxygen in alkaline electrolysis systems involves the strong coupling of multiple physicochemical mechanisms such as gas-liquid separation, dissolved gas release, multiphase flow transport, and electrochemical processes, directly using high-fidelity multiphysics simulation models for calculation presents problems such as complex modeling, high computational costs, and difficulty in achieving real-time engineering applications. Existing simplified models for predicting hydrogen concentration in oxygen in alkaline electrolysis systems have the following limitations: traditional methods often focus on the static performance modeling of the electrolyzer itself, neglecting the dynamic separation efficiency of the gas-liquid separator, the coupling changes in system pressure and temperature, and the significant impact of fluctuations in alkaline solution circulation flow on the amount of dissolved hydrogen carried; they also fail to establish a systematic framework to distinguish and quantify the contribution weights of the four types of hydrogen generation mechanisms in oxygen—unseparated gaseous hydrogen, unseparated dissolved hydrogen, saturated diffusion, and supersaturated diffusion—under different operating conditions, resulting in unclear prediction mechanisms and insufficient adaptability.

[0098] In summary, high-precision numerical simulation methods are insufficient to meet the needs of rapid analysis and control in engineering, while existing empirical or semi-empirical models do not fully consider the dynamic coupling of multiple components in the entire system and the differentiated contributions of various generation mechanisms. Based on an in-depth analysis of the various generation mechanisms of hydrogen in oxygen, this invention proposes a rapid prediction and calibration method for hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system.

[0099] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0100] A specific example is a 5 MW alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production system, and its data is shown in Table 1:

[0101] Table 1. Relevant experimental data for the alkaline electrolysis system

[0102]

[0103] A method for rapid prediction and calibration of hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, the steps of which include:

[0104] Step 1: A general formula for rapid prediction of hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system is proposed, considering the contributions of dissolved hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, gaseous hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, saturated diffusion in the electrolyzer, and supersaturated diffusion mechanisms in the electrolyzer to hydrogen (HTO) in the system's oxygen. The principles of each HTO formation mechanism are as follows: Figures 3 to 6 As shown.

[0105] (1)

[0106] Equation (1) can be used to calculate the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system. Wherein, This indicates the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system. The contribution of the gas-liquid separator's failure to separate gaseous hydrogen to HTO. The contribution of the supersaturated diffusion mechanism in the electrolyzer to HTO, The contribution of the gas-liquid separator's failure to separate dissolved hydrogen to HTO. The contribution of the saturated diffusion mechanism of the electrolyzer to HTO.

[0107] (2)

[0108] Equation (2) can be used to calculate the contribution of the gas-liquid separator's failure to separate gaseous hydrogen to HTO. Wherein, and The coefficients to be fitted are... This indicates the temperature of the gas-liquid separator.

[0109] (3)

[0110] Equation (3) can be used to calculate the contribution of the supersaturated diffusion mechanism of the electrolyzer to HTO. Wherein, The coefficients to be fitted are... Indicates the temperature of the electrolytic cell. The diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen at Tstack temperature is temperature-dependent and characterizes the diffusion rate of dissolved hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer.

[0111] (4)

[0112] Equation (4) can be used to calculate the contribution of the unseparated dissolved hydrogen mechanism in the gas-liquid separator to HTO. Among them, The coefficients to be fitted are... Indicates the system's alkali circulation flow rate. This indicates the total pressure of the gas-liquid separator. This is the system operating current. is the Henry's law coefficient for hydrogen at Tsep temperature, which is temperature-dependent and characterizes the solubility of hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the gas-liquid separator.

[0113] (5)

[0114] Equation (5) can be used to calculate the contribution of the electrolyzer's saturated diffusion mechanism to HTO. Wherein, The coefficients to be fitted are... This indicates the total pressure of the electrolytic cell. The Henry's coefficient for hydrogen at Tstack temperature is temperature-dependent and characterizes the solubility of hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer. (Henry coefficient for hydrogen) and dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient The calculation is performed using equations (6 to 7):

[0115] (6)

[0116] (7)

[0117] Equation (6) can be used to calculate the Henry coefficient for hydrogen. Equation (7) can be used to calculate the dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient. .in, This represents the mass concentration fraction of the alkali solution, taken as 30%. The gas constant is 8.314 J / (mol·K).

[0118] (8)

[0119] Substituting formulas (2 to 5) into formula (1), we can obtain formula (8) for the rapid prediction of hydrogen in oxygen in alkaline electrolysis systems.

[0120] Step 2: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different alkaline solution circulation flow rates, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. .

[0121] Stabilize the system temperature, pressure, and current to the rated operating temperature and pressure. Adjust the system's alkali circulation flow rate to the maximum allowable flow rate. After the system stabilizes, record the alkali circulation flow rate and the system HTO. Next, continue adjusting the system's alkali circulation flow rate to the minimum allowable flow rate. After the system stabilizes, record the alkali circulation flow rate and the system HTO.

[0122] (9)

[0123] Equation (9) can be used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. .in, The system HTO under maximum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. The system HTO under minimum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. Rated operating current, This is the maximum alkali circulation flow rate. Minimum alkali circulation flow rate, The rated operating pressure of the gas-liquid separator. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. The Henry's law coefficient for hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the gas-liquid separator at the rated operating temperature.

[0124] coefficients to be fitted Once obtained, these coefficients can be used to calibrate other coefficients to be fitted in subsequent steps. In subsequent steps, to reflect the coefficients to be fitted... It has been calibrated and will be used The calculated value is 50.96.

[0125] Step 3: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different system pressure conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. .

[0126] Stabilize the system temperature to the rated operating temperature, the alkali circulation flow rate to the rated alkali circulation flow rate, and the current to the rated operating current. Adjust the system pressure to the maximum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, record the system pressure and system HTO at this point. Next, continue adjusting the system pressure to the minimum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, record the system pressure and system HTO at this point.

[0127] (10)

[0128] Equation (10) can be used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. .in, The system HTO under maximum system pressure conditions. The system HTO under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the pressure of the gas-liquid separator under maximum system pressure conditions. The pressure of the gas-liquid separator under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under maximum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under minimum system pressure conditions. This is the rated alkali solution circulation flow rate. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. This refers to the rated operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. The Henry's law is the coefficient of hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature. It is the diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature.

[0129] coefficients to be fitted Once obtained, these coefficients can be used to calibrate other coefficients to be fitted in subsequent steps. In subsequent steps, to reflect the coefficients to be fitted... It has been calibrated and will be used The calculated value is 1.31 × 10⁻⁶. 11 .

[0130] Step 4: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different operating current conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. .

[0131] Stabilize the system temperature, alkali circulation flow rate, and pressure to the rated operating temperature and pressure. Adjust the system operating current to the maximum allowable operating current. After the system stabilizes, record the operating current and system HTO at this point. Next, continue adjusting the system operating current to the minimum allowable operating current. After the system stabilizes, record the operating current and system HTO at this point.

[0132] (11)

[0133] Equation (11) can be used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. .in, The system HTO under maximum operating current condition, The system HTO is under minimum operating current condition. The rated working pressure of the electrolytic cell. For maximum operating current, This is the minimum operating current.

[0134] coefficients to be fitted Once obtained, these coefficients can be used to calibrate other coefficients to be fitted in subsequent steps. In subsequent steps, to reflect the coefficients to be fitted... It has been calibrated and will be used The calculated value is 3.57 × 10⁻⁶. 9 .

[0135] Step 5: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different temperature conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. and .

[0136] Stabilize the system operating current, alkali circulation flow rate, and pressure to the rated operating current and pressure. Adjust the system temperature to the maximum allowable operating temperature. After the system stabilizes, record the temperature and system HTO at this point. Next, continue adjusting the system temperature to the minimum allowable operating temperature. After the system stabilizes, record the temperature and system HTO at this point.

[0137] (12)

[0138] Equation (12) can be used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. .in, For the system HTO under maximum temperature operating conditions, For the system HTO under minimum temperature operating conditions, This is the maximum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the minimum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the maximum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. This is the minimum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator.

[0139] coefficients to be fitted Once obtained, it can be used as the coefficients to be fitted. The calibration. In subsequent steps, to reflect the coefficients to be fitted... It has been calibrated and will be used The calculated value is -0.001799. The calibrated coefficients to be fitted are... , , , Substituting the experimental data under the maximum temperature condition into formula (8), the coefficients to be fitted can be calculated. .

[0140] (13)

[0141] Equation (13) can be used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. Calculated value The coefficient to be fitted is 0.4651. After all calibrations are completed, it can be used for rapid prediction of hydrogen in oxygen in alkaline electrolysis systems in the following steps.

[0142] Step 6: Input the experimental data of temperature, pressure, alkaline solution circulation flow rate and current of the alkaline electrolysis system, and realize the rapid prediction of hydrogen in oxygen in the alkaline electrolysis system through calculation formula (14).

[0143] (14)

[0144] Based on the above calculation formula, the system HTO under different operating conditions can be output in real time, providing a quantitative basis for system optimization control and safety early warning.

[0145] like Figure 7 As shown, the method of this invention exhibits excellent predictive performance for hydrogen concentration in oxygen under different current conditions, and the predicted curves are in high agreement with experimental measurements. With increasing operating current, the hydrogen concentration in oxygen shows a significant decreasing trend. This method accurately captures this key change, verifying its adaptability and accuracy under different operating loads. These results fully demonstrate its effectiveness and engineering application value in the safety monitoring and operation optimization of alkaline electrolysis systems.

[0146] Furthermore, this invention constructs a systematic prediction model integrating four core mechanisms: unseparated gaseous hydrogen in the gas-liquid separator, unseparated dissolved hydrogen, saturated diffusion in the electrolyzer, and supersaturated diffusion. This comprehensively quantifies the generation mechanism of hydrogen in oxygen (HTO) under different physical pathways, significantly improving the prediction accuracy and physical interpretability of HTO concentration changes under complex operating conditions. Addressing the issues of bubble entrainment and dissolved hydrogen release in the gas-liquid separator, the model effectively characterizes the contribution of decreased separation efficiency and dissolved hydrogen carryover to HTO by incorporating key parameters such as temperature, alkali circulation flow rate, operating current, and system pressure. For hydrogen permeation behavior inside the electrolyzer, the model distinguishes between steady-state saturated diffusion and supersaturated diffusion under dynamic load conditions, enhancing its adaptability to renewable energy fluctuation scenarios. Simultaneously, the physical properties of hydrogen solubility and diffusion capacity changing with temperature are reasonably incorporated into the model, enabling online estimation of key physical property parameters and improving the model's self-consistency and practicality. To address the complexity of model parameter calibration, a step-by-step, univariate adjustment-based, highly efficient calibration strategy is proposed. By sequentially adjusting the alkaline flow rate, system pressure, operating current, and temperature under specific steady-state conditions, each coefficient to be fitted can be independently identified with only a small amount of experimental data, significantly reducing calibration difficulty and engineering implementation costs. After calibration, the model can rapidly calculate HTO concentration based on real-time acquired operating parameters, exhibiting millisecond-level response capability to meet online safety monitoring and early warning requirements. This method not only accurately captures the trend of HTO changes with operating conditions but can also be used for fault tracing, operational optimization, and proactive safety control, significantly improving the operational safety and intelligence level of alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production systems.

[0147] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and application fields described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of this specification and without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, and all of these are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the contributions of dissolved hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, gaseous hydrogen not separated by the gas-liquid separator, saturated diffusion in the electrolyzer, and supersaturated diffusion in the electrolyzer to the hydrogen in the oxygen of the system, the general formula for predicting the hydrogen in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system is obtained: (6) in, This indicates the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system. , , , , The coefficients to be fitted are... This indicates the temperature of the gas-liquid separator. Indicates the temperature of the electrolytic cell. The diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen at Tstack temperature. This is the system operating current. Indicates the system's alkali circulation flow rate. This indicates the total pressure of the gas-liquid separator. Here is the Henry's law constant for hydrogen at Tsep temperature. This indicates the total pressure of the electrolytic cell. Here is the Henry's law constant for hydrogen at Tstack temperature; Step 2: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different alkaline solution circulation flow rates, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ; Step 3: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different system pressure conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ; Step 4: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different operating current conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. ; Step 5: Based on the experimental data of the alkaline electrolysis system under different temperature conditions, calibrate the coefficients to be fitted. and ; Step 6: Input the experimental data of temperature, pressure, alkali circulation flow rate, and current of the alkaline electrolysis system, and calculate the hydrogen content in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolysis system: (12) To output the system HTO under different operating conditions in real time.

2. The method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Preferably, in step 2, the system temperature is stabilized at the rated operating temperature, the pressure is stabilized at the rated operating pressure, and the current is stabilized at the rated operating current. The system alkali circulation flow rate is adjusted to the maximum allowable alkali circulation flow rate. After the system stabilizes, the alkali circulation flow rate and the system HTO are recorded at this time. The next step is to continue adjusting the system alkali circulation flow rate to the minimum allowable alkali circulation flow rate. After the system stabilizes, the alkali circulation flow rate and the system HTO are recorded at this time. (7) Equation (7) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. The system HTO under minimum alkali circulation flow rate conditions. Rated operating current, This is the maximum alkali circulation flow rate. Minimum alkali circulation flow rate, The rated operating pressure of the gas-liquid separator. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. The Henry's law coefficient for hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the gas-liquid separator at the rated operating temperature; the coefficient to be fitted. After obtaining it, use it To express.

3. The method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, stabilize the system temperature at the rated operating temperature, the alkali circulation flow rate at the rated alkali circulation flow rate, and the current at the rated operating current. Adjust the system pressure to the maximum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, record the system pressure and system HTO at this point. The next step is to continue adjusting the system pressure to the minimum allowable pressure. After the system stabilizes, record the system pressure and system HTO at this point. (8) Equation (8) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum system pressure conditions. The system HTO under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the pressure of the gas-liquid separator under maximum system pressure conditions. The pressure of the gas-liquid separator under minimum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under maximum system pressure conditions. This refers to the electrolytic cell pressure under minimum system pressure conditions. This is the rated alkali solution circulation flow rate. The rated operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. This refers to the rated operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. The Henry's law is the coefficient of hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature. The diffusion coefficient of dissolved hydrogen in the alkaline solution of the electrolyzer at the rated operating temperature is denoted as _____. The coefficient to be fitted is _____. After obtaining it, use it To express.

4. The method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4, stabilize the system temperature at the rated operating temperature, the alkali circulation flow rate at the rated alkali circulation flow rate, and the pressure at the rated pressure. Adjust the system operating current to the maximum allowable operating current. After the system stabilizes, record the operating current and system HTO at this point. The next step is to continue adjusting the system operating current to the minimum allowable operating current. After the system stabilizes, record the operating current and system HTO at this point. (9) Equation (9) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, The system HTO under maximum operating current condition, The system HTO is under minimum operating current condition. The rated working pressure of the electrolytic cell. For maximum operating current, Minimum operating current, coefficients to be fitted After obtaining it, use it To express.

5. The method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5, stabilize the system operating current, alkali circulation flow rate, and pressure at the rated levels. Adjust the system temperature to the maximum allowable operating temperature. After the system stabilizes, record the temperature and system HTO at this point. The next step is to continue adjusting the system temperature to the minimum allowable operating temperature. After the system stabilizes, record the temperature and system HTO at this point. (10) Equation (10) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. ,in, For the system HTO under maximum temperature operating conditions, For the system HTO under minimum temperature operating conditions, This is the maximum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the minimum operating temperature of the electrolytic cell. This is the maximum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator. The minimum operating temperature of the gas-liquid separator, and the coefficients to be fitted. After obtaining it, use it To represent the calibrated coefficients to be fitted. , , , Substituting the experimental data under the maximum temperature condition into formula (6), the coefficients to be fitted are calculated. , (11) Equation (11) is used to calculate the coefficients to be fitted. coefficients to be fitted After all calibrations are completed, it will be used for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in alkaline electrolysis systems.

6. The method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Henry coefficient of hydrogen and dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient The calculation is performed using equations (13 to 14): (13) (14) Equation (13) is used to calculate the Henry coefficient for hydrogen. Equation (14) is used to calculate the dissolved hydrogen diffusion coefficient. ,in, This represents the mass concentration fraction of the alkali solution. is the gas constant.

7. The method for predicting hydrogen in oxygen in an alkaline electrolysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration was performed using eight operating conditions: maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum pressure, minimum pressure, maximum current, minimum current, maximum alkali circulation flow rate, and minimum alkali circulation flow rate.

8. A system for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time measurements of the temperature, pressure, alkaline solution circulation flow rate, operating current, and hydrogen concentration in oxygen of the electrolysis system. The calculation module calculates the current HTO concentration based on the input real-time operating parameters; The output module outputs the prediction results to the monitoring interface or control system for safety early warning and operation optimization.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium includes computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, processor, and computer programs stored in memory and executable on the processor, wherein, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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