Construction formwork and construction method for rammed earth wall
By designing a rammed earth wall construction formwork with staggered main and secondary beams, the problems of low efficiency and transportation difficulties of existing formwork were solved, achieving efficient construction and uniform stress distribution of the rammed earth wall, and improving construction quality and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511898591.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
In existing rammed earth wall construction, the on-site fabrication of loosely assembled formwork is inefficient and lacks universality, while fully prefabricated steel formwork is heavy and difficult to transport, resulting in slow construction progress and waste of resources.
Design a rammed earth wall construction formwork, including a clamping component and a pressure component. The clamping component consists of two panels, and the pressure component consists of a main beam, a secondary beam, and a tie structure. The pressure is evenly distributed by the staggered main beam and secondary beam, and the tie structure is used to fasten the panels to the rammed earth wall. The formwork can be quickly transferred after construction.
It improves the compaction quality and construction efficiency of rammed earth walls, ensures balanced stress on the panels, reduces the hassle of disassembling and transferring formwork, and improves construction progress and resource utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN121700958A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the field of building technology, in particular to a rammed earth wall construction template and a construction method. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the existing rammed earth wall construction process, one is to make full scattered splicing templates on site to assist construction, which not only takes time and effort in the production process, but also needs to repeat all processes when installing and disassembling each time in actual construction, and the construction efficiency is also low, which seriously slows down the construction progress, and the full scattered splicing template also does not have universality, and can often be used only in the construction process of single rammed earth wall, which is a serious waste problem; and the other is to use full prefabricated steel templates to assist construction, but the full prefabricated steel template has a large self-weight, which is difficult to transport and transfer in the construction process, and is very unfavorable for the construction environment of pure manual operation. SUMMARY
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to reduce the construction difficulty and improve the construction efficiency, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a rammed earth wall construction template, which has a first direction, a second direction and a third direction perpendicular to each other, characterized in that it comprises a clamping assembly and a pressing assembly. The clamping assembly comprises two face plates oppositely arranged along the second direction, and the two face plates are arranged on the two sides of the rammed earth wall and are attached to the rammed earth wall. The pressing assembly comprises a main beam, a secondary beam and a counter-pulling structure, the main beam and the secondary beam are arranged corresponding to the face plate, the main beam is arranged extending along the third direction, the secondary beam is arranged extending along the first direction, and the counter-pulling structure is arranged extending along the second direction; the secondary beam is arranged between the face plate and the main beam, and the two ends of the counter-pulling structure are connected to two main beams respectively.
[0004] Preferably, a plurality of main beams are arranged along the first direction; and a plurality of secondary beams are arranged along the third direction.
[0005] Preferably, the counter-pulling structure comprises a counter-pulling screw rod and a fastener, the fastener is fixedly arranged on the side of the main beam away from the face plate, the counter-pulling screw rod is arranged extending along the second direction, and the two ends of the counter-pulling screw rod are threadedly connected to two corresponding fasteners.
[0006] Preferably, a plurality of counter-pulling structures are arranged along the third direction, and at least one counter-pulling screw rod penetrates through two face plates.
[0007] Preferably, the pair of pulling structures further comprises a limiting device fixedly arranged at one end of the main beam away from the panel along the third direction; the limiting device is arranged extending along the second direction and fixedly connected with the end of the other main beam, and the limiting device is used for limiting the distance between the top ends of the two main beams.
[0008] Preferably, the hoisting hole bolt is fixedly arranged with a hoisting steel bar inside, the hoisting steel bar is arranged extending along the second direction, and the other end of the hoisting steel bar is fixedly connected with the hoisting hole bolt at the end of the other secondary beam.
[0009] Preferably, the secondary beam is fixedly connected with the panel by means of bolts.
[0010] The application further provides a construction method of the rammed earth wall. S1, two panels are attached and installed on two sides of the rammed earth wall to be constructed; S2, a plurality of secondary beams are installed along the third direction on the side of the two panels away from the rammed earth wall, and a plurality of main beams are installed along the first direction, and a pair of pulling structures are installed between the two main beams arranged oppositely along the second direction; S3, the two panels arranged oppositely are pulled tightly by the pair of pulling structures, and then the ramming work of the rammed earth wall is performed; S4, after the ramming work is completed, the pair of pulling structures are loosened, the panels are separated from the rammed earth wall, then the secondary beams are lifted to directly transfer the panels, the main beams and the secondary beams to the next construction section, and then the step S3 is repeated.
[0011] Preferably, in the step S2, a plurality of fasteners are installed on the main beam along the third direction, a pair of pulling screws are installed between the two fasteners arranged oppositely along the second direction, the pulling screws are preliminarily pulled tightly to preliminarily fasten the two panels, and a limiting device is installed at the end of the main beam away from the panel to ensure that the distance between the two main beams is consistent at the two ends.
[0012] Preferably, in the step S4, the limiting device is disassembled, the connection between the pulling screws and the fasteners is loosened, the pulling screws in the lower layer are pulled out from the rammed earth wall, then the secondary beams are lifted by the hoisting steel bars, the panels, the secondary beams and the main beams are moved to the next construction section, the pulling screws in the lower layer pass through the rammed earth wall, the ends of all the pulling screws are fixedly connected with the fasteners, then the limiting device is installed, and finally the pulling screws and the fasteners are fastened to fasten the panels and the rammed earth wall.
[0013] The construction template and the construction method of the rammed earth wall provided in the embodiments of the application have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: In this invention, by using multiple staggered main beams and secondary beams, the compressive force applied by the main beams is evenly distributed to different areas of the panel through the secondary beams, thereby providing a more balanced pressure to the panel, improving the stability of the entire template structure, and making the pressure on the rammed earth wall more balanced during construction, thus improving the compaction quality of the rammed earth wall. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Fig. 1 This is a top view of the present invention; Fig. 2 This is a side view of the present invention; Fig. 3 This is a front view of the present invention.
[0015] In the diagram: 1. Clamping assembly; 11. Panel; 2. Pressurization assembly; 21. Main beam; 22. Secondary beam; 23. Tie structure; 231. Tie rod; 232. Fastener; 233. Limiting device; 24. Lifting bolt; 25. Lifting reinforcement bar; 3. Rammed earth wall; X, first direction; Y, second direction; Z, third direction. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0017] like Figs. 1 to 3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a rammed earth wall construction template, which has a first direction X, a second direction Y and a third direction Z that are perpendicular to each other, and includes a clamping component 1 and a pressurizing component 2; The clamping assembly 1 includes two panels 11 arranged opposite each other along the second direction Y. The two panels 11 are respectively arranged on both sides of the rammed earth wall 3 and are attached to the rammed earth wall 3. The pressurization assembly 2 includes a main beam 21, a secondary beam 22, and a tie structure 23. The main beam 21 and the secondary beam 22 are arranged corresponding to the panel 11. The main beam 21 extends along a third direction Z, the secondary beam 22 extends along a first direction X, and the tie structure 23 extends along a second direction Y. The secondary beam 22 is arranged between the panel 11 and the main beam 21, and the two ends of the tie structure 23 are respectively connected to the two main beams 21.
[0018] Specifically, multiple main beams 21 extend along the third direction Z and multiple secondary beams 22 extend along the first direction X. The secondary beams 22 are positioned between the main beams 21. A tie structure 23 is also provided between the main beams 21 positioned opposite each other along the second direction Y. During actual construction, the tie structure 23 causes the two opposing main beams 21 to tend to move towards each other, thereby compressing the secondary beams 22 and the panel 11. This causes the two panels 11 to also tend to move towards each other. The compression of the two panels 11 restricts the rammed earth wall 3, thus providing a suitable environment for the subsequent compaction of the rammed earth wall 3. The staggered arrangement of the secondary beams 22 and main beams 21 better distributes the force applied by the tie structure 23 to different areas of the panel 11, allowing the panel 11 to more comprehensively and evenly bear the compressive force from the soil layer during the compaction of the rammed earth wall 3, thereby improving the compaction quality of the rammed earth wall 3.
[0019] In some embodiments, multiple main beams 21 are arranged along a first direction X; multiple secondary beams 22 are arranged along a third direction Z. In one specific embodiment, three main beams 21 are evenly arranged along the first direction X on one side, and a total of six main beams 21 are arranged on both sides of the rammed earth wall 3. Four secondary beams 22 are evenly arranged along the third direction Z, and a total of eight secondary beams 22 are arranged on both sides of the rammed earth wall 3. The main beams 21 and secondary beams 22 are preferably made of wood, which is lightweight and easy to process. In other embodiments, I-beams or similar structures can also be used.
[0020] In some embodiments, the tie structure 23 includes tie rods 231 and fasteners 232. The fasteners 232 are fixedly disposed on the side of the main beam 21 away from the panel 11. The tie rods 231 extend along the second direction Y, and two corresponding fasteners 232 are threaded to both ends of the tie rods 231. In actual use, the fasteners 232 include locking nuts. By rotating the locking nuts located at both ends of the tie rods 231, the main beams 21 located on both sides of the rammed earth wall 3 are driven to move towards each other, thereby pressurizing the panel 11 and allowing the panel 11 to fit more tightly against the rammed earth wall 3, providing a stable construction environment for subsequent ramming work.
[0021] Furthermore, multiple tie rods 23 are provided along the third direction Z, and at least one tie rod 231 passes through two panels 11. Specifically, in actual construction, in order to further ensure the stress balance at all points of the panel 11, in addition to providing multiple tie rods 231 along the first direction X following the main beam 21, multiple tie rods 231 are also provided along the third direction Z, thereby ensuring the stress balance on the upper and lower sides of the panel 11 along the third direction Z, and avoiding problems such as bending of the panel 11 during the compaction of the rammed earth wall 3, which would lead to the failure of ramming. In the preferred embodiment, two tie rods 23 are provided on a single main beam 21 along the third direction Z. The upper tie rod 231 does not pass through the panel 11, while the lower tie rod 231 needs to pass through the panel 11, the rammed earth wall 3 and the panel 11 in sequence, thereby providing a more stable and reliable limit for the panel 11 and preventing the panel 11 from bending during the ramming process. In other alternative embodiments, the single main beam 21 can be connected to three tie rods 231 along the third direction Z. Too many tie rods 231 will also affect and damage the quality of the rammed earth wall 3.
[0022] In some embodiments, the tie structure 23 further includes a limiting device 233, which is fixedly disposed at the end of the main beam 21 away from the panel 11 along the third direction Z; the limiting device 233 extends along the second direction Y and is fixedly connected to the end of another main beam 21, and the limiting device 233 is used to limit the distance between the top ends of the two main beams 21.
[0023] Specifically, during the actual rammed earth construction process, as the rammed earth wall 3 is gradually compacted, the thrust received by the lower plate of the main beam 21 gradually increases. The thrust received by the upper and lower ends of the main beam 21 along the third direction Z is different, and the main beam 21 is prone to tilting. The top ends of the main beam 21 are close to each other, while the bottom ends are far apart. Therefore, in this embodiment, a limiting device 233 is set at the end of the main beam 21 away from the panel 11. The limiting device 233 can limit the distance between the ends of the main beam 21, avoid the tilting problem of the main beam 21, and ensure that the limiting of the panel 11 is more uniform and stable. In one specific embodiment, the limiting device 233 is a wooden strip, which is customized according to the planned dimensions of the rammed earth wall 3. In other embodiments, the limiting device 233 can be a structure of limiting rod and pin, with multiple pin holes corresponding to the pins on the limiting rod and insertion holes on the main beam 21 corresponding to the limiting rod. The use of the pin and the limiting rod together can adapt to the different distances between the two main beams 21 in different construction processes. In other embodiments, the limiting device 233 can also include a threaded telescopic rod structure to adapt to different size requirements of the rammed earth wall 3.
[0024] In some embodiments, at least two secondary beams 22 are provided with lifting bolts 24 at both ends along the first direction X, and lifting bars 25 are fixedly provided in the lifting bolts 24. The lifting bars 25 extend along the second direction Y, and the other end of the lifting bars 25 is fixedly connected to the lifting bolts 24 at the end of another secondary beam 22.
[0025] Specifically, the lifting steel bar 25 is installed at the end of the secondary beam 22 via lifting bolts 24. After the rammed earth wall 3 at one end is completed, it is necessary to quickly and conveniently transfer the panel 11, secondary beam 22, and main beam 21 to the next construction section. At this time, the lifting steel bar 25 can be used to apply a third-direction Z force to the secondary beam 22, lifting the secondary beam 22, panel 11, and main beam 21 and transferring them to the next construction section. This facilitates the transfer of the entire formwork structure and avoids the troublesome process of disassembling, transferring, and reassembling the entire formwork as in traditional solutions, greatly improving construction efficiency. The main beam 21 can be fixedly connected to the secondary beam 22, allowing for the simultaneous transfer of the secondary beam 22 and the main beam 21, or the main beam 21 can be transferred to the next construction section separately.
[0026] In some embodiments, the secondary beam 22 is bolted to the panel 11. Bolting the secondary beam 22 to the panel 11 improves the strength and stability of the connection between the panel 11 and the secondary beam 22, reducing the likelihood of the panel 11 detaching from the secondary beam 22 during the rammed earth wall 3 construction process. The secondary beam 22 also maintains a stable connection with the panel 11 during the rammed earth wall 3 construction. In a secondary embodiment, the secondary beam 22 and the panel 11 can also be connected using adhesive.
[0027] The present invention also provides a method for constructing a rammed earth wall 3, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the two panels 11 together on both sides of the rammed earth wall 3 to be constructed; S2. Install multiple secondary beams 22 along the third direction Z on the side of the two panels 11 away from the rammed earth wall 3, and install multiple main beams 21 along the first direction X. At the same time, install a tie structure 23 between the two main beams 21 that are set opposite each other along the second direction Y. S3. The two oppositely arranged panels 11 are tightened by the tie structure 23, and then the rammed earth wall 3 is compacted. S4. After the compaction work is completed, loosen the tie structure 23 to separate the panel 11 from the rammed earth wall 3. Then lift the secondary beam 22 and transfer the panel 11, main beam 21 and secondary beam 22 directly to the next construction section. Then repeat step S3.
[0028] Further, step S2 includes: installing multiple fasteners 232 on the main beam 21 along the third direction Z, and installing tie rods 231 between two fasteners 232 that are arranged opposite each other along the second direction Y, then pre-tightening the tie rods 231 to achieve initial fastening of the two panels 11, and installing a limiting device 233 at the end of the main beam 21 away from the panel 11 to ensure that the distance between the two main beams 21 remains consistent at both ends.
[0029] Furthermore, step S4 includes: disassembling the limiting device 233, loosening the connection between the tie rod 231 and the fastener 232, and pulling out the lower tie rod 231 located in the rammed earth wall 3. Then, the secondary beam 22 is lifted by the lifting steel bar 25, and the panel 11, the secondary beam 22 and the main beam 21 are moved to the next construction section so that the lower tie rod 231 passes through the rammed earth wall 3, and the ends of all tie rods 231 are connected and fixed to the fastener 232. Then, the limiting device 233 is installed, and finally the tie rod 231 and the fastener 232 are tightened to achieve the fastening between the panel 11 and the rammed earth wall 3.
[0030] Before actual construction, the panel 11, secondary beams 22, and main beams 21 need to be assembled. The panel 11 is then placed on both sides of the rammed earth wall 3 to be constructed. Tie rods 231 are then installed between the two opposing main beams 21, and lifting steel bars 25 are installed between the two opposing secondary beams 22. The tie rods 231 are initially adjusted and pre-tightened. During the formal construction phase, the tie rods 231 are tightened by rotating the locking nuts, forming a complete rammed earth wall 3 formwork. This facilitates the compaction of the rammed earth wall 3. After the rammed earth wall 3 is compacted, the tie rods 231 are loosened and pulled out. Then, the secondary beam 22 and the panel 11 are lifted by the lifting steel bars 25, and the secondary beam 22, the panel 11 and the main beam 21 are transferred to the next construction section. Then, the panel 11, the secondary beam 22 and the main beam 21 are lowered, and the tie rods 231 are reinstalled and tightened to limit the relative position of the two panels 11, thereby providing a working environment for the subsequent compaction operation.
[0031] In summary, this invention provides a rammed earth wall 3 construction template and construction method. By using multiple staggered main beams 21 and secondary beams 22, the stress balance of the panel 11 during the compaction operation is improved, avoiding the problem of bending due to excessive local stress on the panel 11. The setting of multiple tie rods 231 further ensures the stress balance of the main beams 21, secondary beams 22 and panel 11, ensuring the smooth progress of the compaction operation. The setting of lifting steel bars 25 enables the template to be quickly transferred to the desired construction section after the compaction operation is completed, without having to disassemble the template before transfer, which greatly improves the transfer efficiency of the template and thus improves the construction efficiency of the rammed earth wall 3.
[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and substitutions without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rammed earth wall construction formwork, having two perpendicular directions—a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction—characterized by: include: A clamping assembly, comprising two panels disposed opposite each other along the second direction, the two panels being respectively disposed on both sides of the rammed earth wall and fitting against the rammed earth wall; A pressurizing assembly includes a main beam, a secondary beam, and a tie structure. The main beam and the secondary beam are disposed corresponding to the panel. The main beam extends along a third direction, the secondary beam extends along a first direction, and the tie structure extends along a second direction. The secondary beam is disposed between the panel and the main beam, and the two ends of the tie structure are respectively connected to the two main beams.
2. The rammed earth wall construction formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple main beams are arranged along the first direction; multiple secondary beams are arranged along the third direction.
3. The rammed earth wall construction formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tie structure includes tie rods and fasteners. The fasteners are fixedly disposed on the side of the main beam away from the panel. The tie rods extend along the second direction, and the two ends of the tie rods are threadedly connected to two corresponding fasteners.
4. The rammed earth wall construction formwork according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple pull structures are provided along the third direction, and at least one of the pull screws passes through two of the panels.
5. The rammed earth wall construction formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tie structure also includes a limiting device, which is fixedly disposed at the end of the main beam away from the panel along the third direction; the limiting device extends along the second direction and is fixedly connected to the end of the other main beam, and the limiting device is used to limit the distance between the top ends of the two main beams.
6. The rammed earth wall construction formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two of the secondary beams are provided with lifting bolt holes at both ends along the first direction. Lifting reinforcing bars are fixedly installed inside the lifting bolt holes. The lifting reinforcing bars extend along the second direction, and the other end of the lifting reinforcing bars is fixedly connected to the lifting bolt hole at the end of another secondary beam.
7. The rammed earth wall construction formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary beam is bolted to the panel.
8. A method for constructing a rammed earth wall, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Mount the two panels together on both sides of the rammed earth wall to be constructed. S2. Install multiple secondary beams along a third direction on the side of the two panels away from the rammed earth wall, and install multiple main beams along the first direction. At the same time, install a tie structure between two oppositely arranged main beams along the second direction. S3. The two oppositely arranged panels are tightened by the tie structure, and then the rammed earth wall is compacted. S4. After the compaction work is completed, loosen the tie structure to separate the panel from the rammed earth wall. Then lift the secondary beam and transfer the panel, main beam and secondary beam directly to the next construction section. Then repeat step S3.
9. The rammed earth wall construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: installing multiple fasteners on the main beam along a third direction, and installing tie rods between two fasteners arranged opposite each other along a second direction. Then, pre-tightening the tie rods to achieve initial fastening of the two panels, and installing a limiting device at the end of the main beam away from the panel to ensure that the distance between the two main beams remains consistent at both ends.
10. The rammed earth wall construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: disassembling the limiting device, loosening the connection between the tie rod and the fastener, and pulling out the lower tie rod located in the rammed earth wall. Then, the secondary beam is lifted by lifting steel bars, and the panel, secondary beam and main beam are moved to the next construction section so that the lower tie rod passes through the rammed earth wall and the ends of all tie rods are connected and fixed to the fasteners. Then, the limiting device is installed, and finally the tie rod and fastener are tightened to achieve the fastening between the panel and the rammed earth wall.