High wear-resistant high-color jade porcelain glaze, glaze surface and preparation process

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of architectural ceramic glaze technology, specifically relating to a high-wear-resistant and high-color-rendering jade-porcelain stone glaze, glaze surface, and preparation process. By combining nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder with a rationally proportioned ratio of high-alumina clay, calcined zinc, and other raw materials, and utilizing the dispersion strengthening effect and high transparency of the nano-sized composite powder, along with the synergistic effect of the various raw materials, a glaze surface with high wear resistance, high color rendering, a warm jade-like texture, and a distinct multi-layered porcelain feel is achieved. Simultaneously, the chemical stability of the glaze surface is improved, and glaze defects are reduced. The preparation process of this invention optimizes the glazing sequence and adds a constant-temperature pre-firing step, combined with reasonable ball milling and firing process parameters. Constant-temperature pre-firing allows the jade-porcelain stone glaze to initially set, avoiding glaze flow and mixing phenomena during subsequent glazing, further strengthening the multi-layered structure and texture of the glaze surface, and achieving the effect of improving the bonding strength between the glaze surface and the body, ensuring stable product performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of architectural ceramic glaze technology, specifically relating to a high wear-resistant and high color rendering jade porcelain stone glaze, glaze surface and preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the building ceramics industry, consumers have put forward higher requirements for the surface texture, decorative effect and durability of ceramic products, especially porcelain tiles that combine jade-like texture, bright color and high wear resistance, which are widely used in home decoration, commercial spaces and other scenarios.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream ceramic polished glaze products on the market use conventional polishing formulas and processes, which have the following core defects: First, their wear resistance is relatively low, and after long-term use, scratches and wear are easily found on the surface, affecting their appearance and service life; second, the surface texture is hard and lacks the warm and delicate texture of natural jade, resulting in poor comfort; third, their color development performance is weak, with insufficient glaze transparency and uneven color development, making it difficult to present a bright and full decorative effect, and unable to form a multi-layered porcelain feel, resulting in a lack of decorative depth.

[0004] In existing technologies, the relevant jade porcelain glazes and preparation processes mostly focus on improving texture or optimizing color, failing to achieve a balance between wear resistance, color effect, and jade-like texture. For example, increasing the feldspar content can improve the transparency of the glaze, but this leads to a further decrease in wear resistance; adding colorants can improve color, but this destroys the warm and lustrous feel of the glaze, and the processes are complex, costly, and impractical. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a jade-ceramic glaze with high wear resistance and high color rendering, a glaze surface, and a preparation process.

[0006] The technical content of this invention is as follows: This invention provides a jade porcelain stone glaze with high wear resistance and high color rendering. The components of the jade porcelain stone glaze include albite, high alumina clay, calcined zinc, dolomite, talc, nano-grade alumina-zirconia composite powder, fine quartz, wollastonite, barium carbonate, and calcined clay. By mass fraction, the composition is as follows: albite 28%~32%, high-alumina clay 15%~18%, calcined zinc 4%~6%, dolomite 8%~10%, talc 5%~7%, nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder 6%~8%, fine quartz 12%~15%, wollastonite 3%~5%, barium carbonate 2%~4%, and calcined clay 3%~5%. The nano-scale alumina-zirconia composite powder is prepared as follows: a) Precursor mixing: Select alumina (Al2O3) and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) powders with a purity ≥99.5% and a particle size ≤1μm as raw materials, mix them evenly at a mass ratio of 7:3, add about 30%~35% of deionized water and 0.1~0.2% of polyethylene glycol dispersant by mass of the raw materials, stir for 25 minutes to prepare a uniformly dispersed precursor slurry; b) Plasma synthesis: The precursor slurry is ultrasonically atomized (atomization pressure 0.4~0.6MPa, atomization temperature 180~200℃) and then fed into a plasma reactor, with the vacuum level controlled at 10. -3 A mixed protective gas of Pa, Ar / H2 (volume ratio 8:2), plasma power of 30~40kW, reaction temperature of 1800~2000℃, and reaction time controlled at 15~20s are used to rapidly evaporate and crystallize the slurry droplets to form nanoscale composite powder. c) Post-processing and molding: The reacted composite powder is rapidly cooled to room temperature, filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove impurities, and then vacuum dried at 120~150℃ for 2~3h to remove residual moisture, thus obtaining nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder with a particle size of 30~40nm, purity ≥99.2%, and uniform dispersion.

[0007] This invention also provides a preparation process for a jade-like porcelain glaze with high wear resistance and high color rendering, comprising the following steps: 1) Raw material pretreatment Sodium feldspar, high-alumina clay, calcined zinc, dolomite, talc, nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder, fine quartz, wollastonite, barium carbonate, and calcined clay are pulverized separately to remove impurities and ensure that the purity of each raw material is ≥98%. Among them, the nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder needs to be dried (drying temperature 120-150℃, drying time 2-3h) to avoid moisture affecting the dispersibility of the glaze. 2) Ball mill Weigh the pretreated raw materials according to the above-mentioned mass percentages, put them into a ball mill, add 35%-40% of the total mass of the raw materials in deionized water, and 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the raw materials in dispersant (sodium polycarboxylate), and ball mill; ball milling parameters: ball-to-material ratio 3:1, ball milling speed 300-350 r / min, ball milling time 8-10 h, ball mill until the fineness of the glaze slurry is ≤0.3% on a 200 mesh sieve, to obtain a uniform and fine jade porcelain stone glaze slurry; 3) Sieve and age. The ball-milled glaze slurry is filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove unground impurities and large particles, ensuring the slurry is uniform. The filtered slurry is then placed in an aging tank and aged at room temperature and in the dark for 24-36 hours to fully mature the glaze slurry, improve its suspension and glazing performance, and avoid defects such as glaze running and pinholes during glazing. 4) Apply glaze (base glaze) Select qualified porcelain tile blanks (moisture content ≤0.5%), apply a base glaze to the surface of the blanks using a spray glazing method, and control the thickness of the base glaze to 0.2-0.3mm; after glazing, place the blanks in a drying kiln and dry them at 100-120℃ for 30-40 minutes to remove the moisture in the base glaze and avoid bubbles and cracks during subsequent firing. 5) Inkjet The dried blank is fed into an inkjet printer and decorated with inkjet printing according to the design pattern. The inkjet printing pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa and the inkjet printing speed is 3-5m / min. After inkjet printing, it is allowed to air dry naturally for 5-10 minutes to allow the ink to adhere evenly to the surface of the base glaze and avoid ink bleeding during subsequent glazing. 6) Glazing (jade porcelain stone glaze) and constant temperature pre-firing The jade porcelain glaze slurry is applied to the surface of the inkjet-printed body using a glazing method. The glaze thickness is controlled at 0.3-0.4mm (thin coating) to ensure that the glaze evenly covers the inkjet pattern. After glazing, the body is sent to a pre-firing kiln for constant temperature pre-firing at 600-650℃ for 15-20 minutes to allow the jade porcelain glaze to initially set. 7) Apply glaze again (jade porcelain glaze) After the pre-fired body is removed and cooled to room temperature, the jade porcelain glaze is applied again by pouring glaze (the jade porcelain glaze uses an existing conventional formula, the main function of which is to enhance the jade texture of the glaze surface). The glaze thickness is controlled at 0.3-0.5mm (thick coating) to ensure that the glaze surface is uniform, flat, and free from missed areas or drips. 8) Firing The glazed body is then placed into a firing kiln and fired using a gradient heating method. The specific heating curve is as follows: heat up to 300℃ at 5℃ / min and hold for 10 min, then heat up to 600℃ at 4℃ / min and hold for 15 min, then heat up to 1180-1220℃ at 3℃ / min and hold for 25-30 min, and finally cool down to room temperature at 6℃ / min. During the firing process, the atmosphere inside the kiln is controlled to be an oxidizing atmosphere with an oxygen content of 5%-8% to ensure that the glaze is fully melted and crystallized, forming a multi-layered microcrystalline structure, thereby improving the glaze's performance and texture. 9) Polishing After firing, the porcelain tiles are removed and cooled to room temperature. They are then placed in a polishing machine for polishing at a speed of 1500-1800 r / min, a pressure of 0.2-0.3 MPa, and a time of 5-8 min. After polishing, the tile surface is rinsed with clean water to remove polishing dust. After drying, the jade-glazed porcelain tiles are obtained.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The high wear-resistant and high color rendering jade porcelain glaze of the present invention uses nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder combined with a reasonable ratio of high alumina clay, calcined zinc and other raw materials. By utilizing the dispersion strengthening effect and high transparency of the nano-composite powder, combined with the synergistic effect of each raw material, the glaze achieves the effect of high wear resistance, high color rendering, and a warm jade texture and obvious multi-layer porcelain feel. At the same time, it improves the chemical stability of the glaze and reduces glaze defects.

[0009] The preparation process of this invention optimizes the glazing sequence and adds a constant-temperature pre-firing step. Combined with reasonable process parameters such as ball milling and firing, the constant-temperature pre-firing allows the jade porcelain glaze to be initially shaped, avoiding glaze flow and mixing phenomena in subsequent glazing. This further strengthens the multi-layer structure and texture of the glaze surface, achieving the effect of improving the bonding strength between the glaze surface and the body and ensuring stable product performance. Moreover, the process is simple, requires no additional complex equipment, and has controllable costs, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific implementation examples. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0011] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials and reagents used in this invention are from the conventional market.

[0012] Example 1 A preparation process for a high wear-resistant and high color rendering jade porcelain stone glaze 1) Raw material pretreatment Sodium feldspar, high-alumina clay, calcined zinc, dolomite, talc, nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder, fine quartz, wollastonite, barium carbonate, and calcined clay are pulverized separately to remove impurities and ensure that the purity of each raw material is ≥98%. Among them, the nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder needs to be dried (drying temperature 120-150℃, drying time 2-3h) to avoid moisture affecting the dispersibility of the glaze. The nano-scale alumina-zirconia composite powder is prepared as follows: a) Precursor mixing: Select alumina (Al2O3) and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) powders with a purity ≥99.5% and a particle size ≤1μm as raw materials, add 32% of the total mass of deionized water and 0.15% of polyethylene glycol dispersant, stir for 25 min, and prepare a uniformly dispersed precursor slurry. b) Plasma synthesis: The precursor slurry is ultrasonically atomized (atomization pressure 0.5 MPa, atomization temperature 190℃) and then fed into a plasma reactor, with the vacuum level inside the furnace controlled at 10. -3Using a mixed protective gas of Pa, Ar / H2 (volume ratio 8:2), plasma power of 35kW, reaction temperature of 1900℃, and reaction time controlled at 18s, the slurry droplets rapidly evaporate and crystallize to form nanoscale composite powder. c) Post-processing and molding: The reacted composite powder is rapidly cooled to room temperature, filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove impurities, and then vacuum dried at 135℃ for 2.5h to remove residual moisture, thus obtaining nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder with a particle size of 30~40nm, purity ≥99.2%, and uniform dispersion. 2) Ball mill Take 30% albite, 16% high-alumina clay, 5% calcined zinc, 9% dolomite, 6% talc, 7% nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder, 13% fine quartz, 4% wollastonite, 3% barium carbonate, and 4% calcined clay, and put them into a ball mill. Add 38% of the total mass of the raw materials in deionized water and 0.15% of sodium polycarboxylate dispersant, and ball mill: ball-to-material ratio 3:1, rotation speed 320 r / min, ball milling time 9h, and ball mill until the fineness of the glaze slurry is ≤0.3% on a 200-mesh sieve, to obtain a uniform and fine jade porcelain stone glaze slurry; 3) Sieve and age. The ball-milled glaze slurry was filtered through a 200-mesh sieve and aged at room temperature in the dark for 30 hours. 4) Apply glaze (base glaze) Select qualified porcelain tile blanks (moisture content ≤0.5%), apply a base glaze to the surface of the blanks using a spray glazing method, and control the thickness of the base glaze to 0.2-0.3mm; after glazing, place the blanks in a drying kiln and dry at 110℃ for 35 minutes to remove the moisture in the base glaze and avoid bubbles and cracks during subsequent firing. 5) Inkjet The dried blank is fed into an inkjet printer and decorated with inkjet printing according to the design pattern. The inkjet printing pressure is controlled at 0.4MPa and the inkjet printing speed is 4 m / min. After inkjet printing, it is naturally dried for 8 minutes to allow the ink to adhere evenly to the surface of the base glaze and avoid ink bleeding during subsequent glazing. 6) Glazing (jade porcelain stone glaze) and constant temperature pre-firing The jade porcelain glaze slurry is applied to the surface of the inkjet-printed body using a glazing method. The glaze thickness is controlled at 0.35mm (thin coating) to ensure that the glaze evenly covers the inkjet pattern. After glazing, the body is sent to a pre-firing kiln for constant temperature pre-firing at 620℃ for 18 minutes to allow the jade porcelain glaze to initially set. 7) Apply glaze again (jade porcelain glaze) After the pre-fired body is removed and cooled to room temperature, the jade porcelain glaze is applied again by glazing (the jade porcelain glaze uses an existing conventional formula, the main function of which is to enhance the jade texture of the glaze surface). The glaze thickness is controlled at 0.4mm (thick coating) to ensure that the glaze surface is uniform, flat, and free from missed coating or dripping. 8) Firing The glazed body is then placed into a firing kiln and fired using a gradient heating method. The specific heating curve is as follows: heat to 300℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min, hold for 10 min, then heat to 600℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min, hold for 15 min, then heat to 1200℃ at a rate of 3℃ / min, hold for 28 min, and finally cool to room temperature at a rate of 6℃ / min. During the firing process, the atmosphere inside the kiln is controlled to be an oxidizing atmosphere with an oxygen content of 6%. 9) Polishing After firing, the porcelain tiles are removed and cooled to room temperature. They are then polished in a polishing machine at a speed of 1600 r / min and a pressure of 0.25 MPa for 6 minutes. After polishing, the tile surface is rinsed with clean water to remove polishing dust. After drying, the resulting jade-glazed porcelain tiles are free of pinholes, bubbles, and cracks. They exhibit a distinct multi-layered porcelain feel, a warm and smooth jade-like texture, and a comfortable touch.

[0013] Example 2 A preparation process for a high wear-resistant and high color rendering jade porcelain stone glaze The process steps are the same as in Example 1, and the similarities will not be repeated here.

[0014] 1) Glaze formula: 28% albite, 18% high-alumina clay, 4% calcined zinc, 10% dolomite, 5% talc, 8% nano-grade alumina-zirconia composite powder, 12% fine quartz, 3% wollastonite, 4% barium carbonate, and 3% calcined clay; The nano-scale alumina-zirconia composite powder is prepared as follows: a) Precursor mixing: Alumina and zirconium oxide are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 7:3. 30% of the total mass of raw materials is added to deionized water and 0.1% of polyethylene glycol dispersant. The mixture is stirred for 25 minutes to prepare a uniformly dispersed precursor slurry. b) Plasma synthesis: The precursor slurry is ultrasonically atomized (atomization pressure 0.4MPa, atomization temperature 180℃) and then fed into a plasma reactor. The plasma power is 30kW, the reaction temperature is 1800℃, and the reaction time is controlled at 20s. c) Post-processing and molding: The reacted composite powder is rapidly cooled to room temperature, filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove impurities, and then vacuum dried at 120℃ for 3 hours to remove residual moisture, thus obtaining nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder with a particle size of 30~40nm, purity ≥99.2%, and uniform dispersion. 2) Ball milling: Weigh the raw materials, add 35% deionized water and 0.1% sodium polycarboxylate dispersant, ball ratio 3:1, speed 300 r / min, ball mill for 10 h, to obtain a slurry with 0.25% residue on a 200 mesh sieve; 3) Sieving and aging: After filtration through a 200-mesh sieve, age at room temperature in the dark for 36 hours; 4) Glazing (base glaze): Spray glaze, 0.2mm thick, dry at 100℃ for 40 minutes; 5) Inkjet printing: Pressure 0.3MPa, speed 3m / min, drying time 10min; 6) Glazing (jade porcelain stone glaze) and constant temperature pre-firing: glaze thickness 0.3mm, constant temperature pre-firing at 600℃ for 20min; 7) Glazing (jade porcelain glaze): Glaze thickness 0.3mm; 8) Firing: Gradual heating, maximum firing temperature 1180℃, hold for 30 minutes, oxidizing atmosphere (oxygen content 5%). 9) Polishing: 1500 r / min, 0.2 MPa pressure, polish for 8 minutes, rinse and dry to obtain the product. There are no pinholes, bubbles, or cracks. The multi-layer porcelain feel is obvious. The jade texture is warm and smooth and comfortable to the touch.

[0015] Example 3 A preparation process for a high wear-resistant and high color rendering jade porcelain stone glaze 1) Glaze formula: 32% albite, 15% high-alumina clay, 6% calcined zinc, 8% dolomite, 7% talc, 6% nano-grade alumina-zirconia composite powder, 15% fine quartz, 5% wollastonite, 2% barium carbonate, and 5% calcined clay; The nano-scale alumina-zirconia composite powder is prepared as follows: a) Precursor mixing: Alumina and zirconium oxide are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 7:3. 35% of the total mass of the raw materials is added to deionized water and 0.2% of polyethylene glycol dispersant. The mixture is stirred for 25 minutes to prepare a uniformly dispersed precursor slurry. b) Plasma synthesis: The precursor slurry is ultrasonically atomized (atomization pressure 0.6MPa, atomization temperature 200℃) and then fed into a plasma reactor. The plasma power is 40kW, the reaction temperature is 2000℃, and the reaction time is controlled at 15s. c) Post-processing and molding: The reacted composite powder is rapidly cooled to room temperature, filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove impurities, and then vacuum dried at 150℃ for 2 hours to remove residual moisture, thus obtaining nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder with a particle size of 30~40nm, purity ≥99.2%, and uniform dispersion. 2) Ball milling: Weigh the raw materials, add 40% deionized water and 0.2% sodium polycarboxylate dispersant, ball ratio 3:1, speed 350 r / min, ball mill for 8 hours to obtain a slurry with 0.3% residue on a 200 mesh sieve; 3) Sieving and aging: After filtration through a 200-mesh sieve, age at room temperature in the dark for 24 hours; 4) Glazing (base glaze): Spray glaze, 0.3mm thick, dry at 120℃ for 30 minutes; 5) Inkjet printing: Pressure 0.5MPa, speed 5m / min, drying time 5min; 6) Glazing (jade porcelain stone glaze) and constant temperature pre-firing: glaze thickness 0.4mm, constant temperature pre-firing at 650℃ for 15min; 7) Glazing (jade porcelain glaze): Glaze thickness 0.5mm; 8) Firing: Gradual heating, maximum firing temperature 1220℃, hold for 25 minutes, oxidizing atmosphere (oxygen content 8%). 9) Polishing: 1800 r / min, 0.3 MPa pressure, polish for 5 min, rinse and dry to obtain the product. There are no pinholes, bubbles, or cracks. The multi-layer porcelain feel is obvious. The jade texture is warm and smooth and comfortable to the touch.

[0016] Comparative Example 1 As a control group for Example 1, in the preparation of the jade porcelain glaze in Comparative Example 1, ultrafine calcined alumina was used instead of nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder, and nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder was not prepared. Everything else remained the same.

[0017] The resulting jade porcelain glaze has no obvious pinholes or bubbles, no multi-layered porcelain feel, and the glaze texture is hard and rough to the touch.

[0018] Comparative Example 2 As a control group for Example 1, in the preparation of the jade porcelain stone glaze in Comparative Example 1, the constant temperature pre-firing step in step 6 was omitted. After applying the jade porcelain stone glaze, the jade porcelain glaze was applied directly, without the 600-650℃ constant temperature pre-firing process. Everything else remained the same.

[0019] The resulting jade porcelain glaze exhibits slight glaze flow and mixing, with an indistinct multi-layered porcelain feel, and the jade texture is average, though the feel is acceptable.

[0020] The jade porcelain stones prepared in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention were subjected to relevant performance tests, including tests on Mohs hardness, abrasion resistance, color brightness, and glaze gloss. 1. Mohs Hardness Testing: A Mohs hardness tester (hardness range 1-10) is used, referring to GB / T 16534-2009 "Test Method for Hardness of Fine Ceramics - Mohs Hardness". Three different test points are selected on the glazed surface of the finished porcelain tile (avoiding edges, scratches, and defects). The Mohs hardness tester is used to scratch the surface sequentially from low hardness (level 1) to high hardness (level 10). The highest hardness level without obvious scratches is recorded, and the average of the three test points is taken as the final Mohs hardness value.

[0021] 2. Abrasion Resistance Test (g / 1000 rpm): The test was conducted using a ceramic abrasion testing machine, strictly following the standard GB / T3810.7-2016 "Test Methods for Ceramic Tiles Part 7: Determination of Abrasion Resistance". A 50mm × 50mm finished glazed sample was selected, dried to constant weight, placed on the testing machine, and subjected to a 1000g load with a diamond grinding head. The rotation speed was set to 1000 rpm. After abrasion was completed, the sample surface was rinsed with clean water to remove abrasion debris, dried to constant weight, and the abrasion resistance was calculated. The average value of three parallel samples was taken as the final abrasion resistance value.

[0022] 3. Color Vividness Test (%): A colorimeter was used for testing. Using the color of the finished glaze from Example 1 as a benchmark (with a benchmark vividness set at 100%), the color difference parameters (L) of the finished glazes from each example and comparative example were measured. a b The colorimeter's built-in calculation system calculates the relative percentage of color vibrancy between each sample and the reference sample, and takes the average value of three different detection points as the final color vibrancy value; the closer the value is to 100%, the more vibrant and uniform the color is.

[0023] 4. Glaze gloss test (°): A gloss meter was used for testing, referring to GB / T 13891-2008 "Method for Determination of Specular Gloss of Building Facing Materials". Five different test points were selected on the finished glaze surface (evenly distributed, avoiding defective areas). After adjusting the gloss meter to the calibrated state, the gloss value of each test point was measured in sequence. The average value of the five test points was taken as the final glaze gloss value. The value range corresponds to the warm and matte texture requirement of the glaze surface of this invention (60-70°).

[0024] Table 1 Performance Test Results As shown in Table 1, in terms of wear resistance, the Mohs hardness of Examples 1-3 is between 6.5 and 7.0, and the wear resistance is ≤0.019g / 1000 rpm, which is significantly better than Comparative Example 1 (Mohs hardness 5.3, wear resistance 0.028g / 1000 rpm) and slightly better than Comparative Example 2 (Mohs hardness 6.7, wear resistance 0.018g / 1000 rpm). This is because the nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder used in this invention has excellent dispersion strengthening effect, which can be uniformly dispersed in the glaze, significantly improving the hardness and wear resistance of the glaze surface. In contrast, Comparative Example 1 uses traditional ultrafine calcined alumina, which has large particle size and poor dispersion, failing to form an effective strengthening structure, resulting in a significant decrease in wear resistance. Comparative Example 2 lacks a constant-temperature pre-firing step, resulting in insufficient bonding between the jade porcelain glaze and the jade porcelain glaze, with a loose local structure, slightly affecting wear resistance.

[0025] In terms of color development performance, the color vibrancy of Examples 1-3 was between 91% and 93%, significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 (73%) and Comparative Example 2 (88%). This is because the nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder has high transparency, which reduces the obstruction of inkjet inks. Combined with the color-promoting effect of zinc calcination, it makes the glaze color more vibrant and uniform. The ultrafine calcined alumina in Comparative Example 1 has poor transparency, obstructing ink color development and resulting in a significant decrease in color vibrancy. Comparative Example 2, due to the lack of constant-temperature pre-firing, experienced localized mixing of the jade porcelain glaze and the jade porcelain glaze, leading to uneven ink color development and a slight decrease in color vibrancy.

[0026] In terms of appearance and texture, Examples 1-3 had no defects, with obvious multi-layered porcelain texture, warm jade texture, and comfortable feel. Comparative Example 1 lacked multi-layered porcelain texture, and the glaze texture was hard and rough. This was mainly because the ultrafine aluminum calcination could not promote the formation of a multi-layered microcrystalline structure in the glaze, and the uneven particle dispersion led to a decrease in the glaze texture. Comparative Example 2 showed local glaze flow and glaze mixing, with an indistinct multi-layered porcelain texture and a generally poor jade texture. The core issue was the lack of a constant temperature pre-firing step, which prevented the jade porcelain glaze from being initially shaped. When the jade porcelain glaze was applied later, some glaze mixing and dripping occurred, which damaged the multi-layered structure and warm texture of the glaze.

Claims

1. A highly wear-resistant and color-developing jade-porcelain glaze, characterized in that, The components of the jade porcelain glaze include albite, high-alumina clay, calcined zinc, dolomite, talc, nano-grade alumina-zirconia composite powder, fine quartz, wollastonite, barium carbonate, and calcined clay.

2. The jade-porcelain glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that, By mass fraction, the albite accounts for 28%~32%, high alumina clay accounts for 15%~18%, calcined zinc accounts for 4%~6%, dolomite accounts for 8%~10%, talc accounts for 5%~7%, nano-grade alumina-zirconia composite powder accounts for 6%~8%, fine quartz accounts for 12%~15%, wollastonite accounts for 3%~5%, barium carbonate accounts for 2%~4%, and calcined clay accounts for 3%~5%.

3. The jade-porcelain glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-scale alumina-zirconia composite powder is prepared as follows: a) Precursor mixing: Select alumina and zirconium oxide powders with a purity ≥99.5% and a particle size ≤1μm as raw materials, mix them evenly at a mass ratio of 7:3, add about 30%~35% of deionized water and 0.1~0.2% of polyethylene glycol dispersant, stir for 25 minutes to prepare a uniformly dispersed precursor slurry; b) Plasma synthesis: The precursor slurry is ultrasonically atomized and then fed into a plasma reactor to form nanoscale composite powder; c) Post-processing and molding: The reacted composite powder is rapidly cooled to room temperature, filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove impurities, and then vacuum dried at 120~150℃ for 2~3h to remove residual moisture, thus obtaining nano-sized alumina-zirconia composite powder with a particle size of 30~40nm, purity ≥99.2%, and uniform dispersion.

4. The jade-porcelain glaze according to claim 3, characterized in that, The atomization pressure in step b) is 0.4~0.6MPa and the temperature is 180~200℃.

5. The jade-porcelain glaze according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plasma reaction in step b) has a power of 30-40kW, a reaction temperature of 1800-2000℃, and a reaction time of 15-20s.

6. A preparation process for a high-wear-resistant and high-color-rendering jade-porcelain glaze as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Raw material pretreatment The albite, high-alumina clay, calcined zinc, dolomite, talc, nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder, fine quartz, wollastonite, barium carbonate, and calcined clay were pulverized separately to remove impurities and ensure that the purity of each raw material was ≥98%. Among them, the nano-alumina-zirconia composite powder needs to be dried. 2) Ball mill Take all raw materials and put them into a ball mill. Add 35%-40% of the total mass of the raw materials with deionized water and 0.1%-0.2% of the total mass of the raw materials with dispersant. Then, ball mill the materials. The ball milling parameters are: ball-to-material ratio 3:1, ball milling speed 300-350 r / min, ball milling time 8-10 h. The glaze slurry is ball milled until the fineness of the glaze slurry is ≤0.3% on a 200-mesh sieve, so as to obtain a uniform and fine jade porcelain stone glaze slurry. 3) Sieve and age. The ball-milled glaze slurry is filtered through a 200-mesh sieve to remove unground impurities and large particles. The filtered slurry is then placed in an aging tank and aged for 24-36 hours at room temperature and in the dark. 4) Glazing Select qualified porcelain tile blanks and apply a base glaze to the surface of the blanks using a spray glazing method. The thickness of the base glaze should be controlled at 0.2-0.3 mm. After glazing, place the blanks in a drying kiln and dry them at 100-120℃ for 30-40 minutes. 5) Inkjet The dried blank is then inkjet printed and air-dried. 6) Glazing and constant temperature pre-firing The jade porcelain glaze slurry is applied to the surface of the inkjet-printed body using a glazing method, with the glaze thickness controlled at 0.3-0.4mm. After glazing, the body is sent to a pre-firing kiln for constant-temperature pre-firing at 600-650℃ for 15-20 minutes to allow the jade porcelain glaze to initially set. 7) Apply glaze again After the pre-fired body is removed and cooled to room temperature, the jade porcelain glaze is applied again by pouring glaze, with the glaze thickness controlled at 0.3-0.5mm. 8) Firing The glazed body is sent into the firing kiln and fired using a gradient heating method; 9) Polishing After firing, the porcelain tiles are removed, cooled to room temperature, and then polished in a polishing machine. After polishing, the tile surface is rinsed with clean water to remove polishing dust, and then dried to obtain jade-glazed porcelain tiles.

7. The preparation process of the high wear-resistant and high color-rendering jade porcelain stone glaze according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 2) The dispersant includes sodium polycarboxylate.

8. The preparation process of the high wear-resistant and high color-rendering jade porcelain stone glaze according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 5) The inkjet pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa and the speed is 3-5m / min.

9. The preparation process of the high wear-resistant and high color-rendering jade porcelain stone glaze according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 8) The firing temperature rise curve is as follows: heat up to 300℃ at 5℃ / min, hold for 10min, then heat up to 600℃ at 4℃ / min, hold for 15min, then heat up to 1180-1220℃ at 3℃ / min, hold for 25-30min, and finally cool down to room temperature at 6℃ / min.

10. The preparation process of the high wear-resistant and high color-rendering jade porcelain stone glaze according to claim 6, characterized in that, The polishing conditions for step 9) are: polishing speed 1500-1800 r / min, polishing pressure 0.2-0.3 MPa, and polishing time 5-8 min.

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