Automatic ash discharge device of dry quenching primary dust removal and secondary dust removal system, control method and activated carbon preparation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dry quenching dust removal, in particular to an automatic ash discharge device of a dry quenching primary dust removal and secondary dust removal system, a use method and an activated carbon preparation method, the device comprises a primary dust removal system, a primary dust removal buffer bin, an activation furnace, a secondary dust removal system and a controller; the output end of the primary dust removal system is communicated with the input end of the primary dust removal buffer bin, the output end of the primary dust removal buffer bin is communicated with the activation furnace through a double-layer valve, and the output end of the primary dust removal buffer bin is further provided with a second material level detector; the output end of the secondary dust removal system is communicated with the input end of the primary dust removal buffer bin through a pipe body, a valve is arranged on the pipe body, and a first material level detector is arranged at the output end of the secondary dust removal system; and the controller is respectively connected with the first material level detector, the second material level detector, the valve and the double-layer valve. The dedusting ash of the primary dedusting system and the secondary dedusting system is activated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dry quenching coke dust removal technology, specifically to an automatic ash removal device, control method, and activated carbon preparation method for a primary and secondary dust removal system for dry quenching coke. Background Technology

[0002] Dry quenching is an important energy-saving and environmentally friendly technology in the coking industry. Its core equipment, the primary dust collector, separates large coke particles from the circulating gas using gravity settling, effectively reducing the erosion and wear of the boiler tubes by the coke particles, thus extending the boiler's service life. As a crucial component of the dry quenching system, the dust removal efficiency of the primary dust collector directly affects the operational stability and safety of subsequent equipment. In traditional processes, the circulating gas, cooled by the dry quenching furnace, carries high-temperature coke particles into the primary dust collector. Large coke particles settle and separate under gravity, while the purified gas continues into the boiler system for heat recovery. This process not only affects system energy efficiency but also plays a decisive role in equipment protection.

[0003] Existing primary dust collection systems generally rely on manual ash removal, which has significant operational flaws. Manual operation leads to uneven ash removal frequency, easily resulting in excessive ash removal or emptying, causing problems such as red ash discharge, system overload shutdowns, and damage to equipment like dust collector scrapers. More seriously, uneven ash removal can cause ash agglomeration, leading to abnormal accumulation of coke powder in the circulating gas within the primary dust collection system. This unseparated coke powder enters the boiler and circulating fans with the airflow, causing severe wear on furnace tubes, fan impellers, and casings, creating systemic safety hazards. Furthermore, the temperature of primary dust collector ash reaches as high as 860℃, its inherent heat energy is not recovered, and the fixed carbon content of the ash is as high as 80% to 90%. Current technology only uses it as a low-cost fuel (800 to 1100 yuan / ton), failing to tap its high added value potential. In contrast, activated carbon (3000 to 18000 yuan / ton) can still be used as fuel after use and disposal, highlighting the inadequacy of existing dust collector ash resource utilization technologies. The current system has a significant gap in the value development of primary and secondary dust removal ash, and there is an urgent need to optimize the ash removal method and resource utilization approach. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The aforementioned technical problem arises from the use of manual ash removal in traditional dry quenching primary dust removal systems, leading to uneven ash removal, equipment wear, operational safety hazards, and a significant waste of high-temperature, high-carbon-content dust resources. This invention addresses this issue by providing an automatic ash removal device, control method, and activated carbon preparation method for primary and secondary dust removal systems in dry quenching. The invention utilizes a dust ash resource utilization process, fully leveraging the high temperature (up to 900℃) of primary dust removal ash during heat transfer and carbonization with secondary dust removal ash in a buffer chamber. Furthermore, it utilizes the high fixed carbon content and alkali metal impurities of the dust ash, activating it in an activation furnace to produce activated carbon with higher economic value.

[0005] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an automatic ash removal device for a dry quenching coke primary and secondary dust removal system includes: a primary dust removal system, a primary dust removal buffer bin, an activation furnace, a secondary dust removal system, and a controller; The output end of the primary dust removal system is connected to the input end of the primary dust removal buffer bin. The output end of the primary dust removal buffer bin is connected to the activation furnace through a double-layer valve. The output end of the primary dust removal buffer bin is also equipped with a second material level detector. The output end of the secondary dust removal system is connected to the input end of the primary dust removal buffer bin through a pipe body. The pipe body is equipped with a valve, and the output end of the secondary dust removal system is equipped with a first material level detector. The controller is connected to the first level detector, the second level detector, the valve, and the double-layer valve respectively. The controller receives signals from the first level detector and the second level detector, and controls the opening degree of the valve and the double-layer valve.

[0007] Furthermore, the primary dust removal system and the secondary dust removal system are implemented based on a circulation system, which includes: a circulating fan, a heat pipe heat exchanger, a dry quenching coke oven body, a primary dust removal system, a dry quenching coke boiler, and a secondary dust removal system connected in sequence, wherein the secondary dust removal system is connected to the circulating fan.

[0008] Furthermore, the secondary dust removal system is connected to the primary dust removal buffer chamber via an inclined pipe. The secondary dust removal system is higher than the primary dust removal buffer chamber. A valve is provided in the middle of the inclined pipe. The primary dust removal buffer chamber is a through pipe with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from the connection point with the primary dust removal system.

[0009] Furthermore, the double-layer valve includes a first shut-off valve, a cavity, and a second shut-off valve connected in sequence. The controller is connected to the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve respectively. The first shut-off valve is connected to the sequential dust removal buffer chamber, and the second shut-off valve is connected to the activation furnace.

[0010] Secondly, a control method for an automatic ash discharge device in a dry quenching coke primary and secondary dust removal system, based on the aforementioned automatic ash discharge device, includes the following steps: When the secondary dust enters the secondary dust removal system, the first level detector displays a level signal. After the controller detects the level signal from the first level detector, it controls the valve to open, and the secondary dust is discharged into the primary dust removal buffer bin through the pipeline. When the second level detector shows a level signal, the controller starts timing. After the first preset time, the first shut-off valve is opened. When the second level detector shows no level signal, the first shut-off valve is closed, the second shut-off valve is opened, and the valve is closed after the second preset time. The dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber enters the activation furnace, where the dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber is processed into activated carbon.

[0011] Furthermore, the first preset time is 20~60min, and the second preset time is 10s~300s.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature in the activation furnace is 800~1200℃ and maintained for 30min~3h to prepare activated carbon from the dust.

[0013] Thirdly, an activated carbon preparation method is implemented based on the control method of the automatic ash discharge device of the above-mentioned dry quenching coke primary and secondary dust removal system.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention achieves complete isolation of the air inside the primary dust removal system, the secondary dust removal system, and even the dry quenching system through a sealed automatic dust removal device and a closed circulation system, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as coke powder combustion and caking, ensuring the stable operation of the device and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0015] 2. The present invention does not include a component for cooling the dust in the device to maintain the residual heat of the dust, thereby effectively reducing its heat consumption in the initial stage of activation furnace startup.

[0016] 3. This invention utilizes a specific activation process to fully leverage the characteristics of dry quenching coke dust, such as its high fixed carbon content and the presence of impurities like alkali metals, and successfully activates it to prepare high-value activated carbon. This achieves comprehensive resource utilization and enhances the economic benefits of the equipment.

[0017] Based on the above reasons, this invention can be widely promoted in fields such as dry quenching and dust removal. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic ash removal device of the primary and secondary dust removal system for dry quenching coke according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circulation system of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Primary dust removal system; 2. Secondary dust removal system; 3. First material level detector; 4. Valve; 5. Controller; 6. Primary dust removal buffer bin; 7. Second material level detector; 8. Double-layer valve; 9. Activation furnace; 10. Circulating fan; 11. Heat pipe heat exchanger; 12. Dry quenching furnace body; 13. Dry quenching boiler. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0026] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic ash discharge device for a primary and secondary dust removal system 2 for dry quenching coke, comprising: a primary dust removal system 1, a primary dust removal buffer 6, an activation furnace 9, a secondary dust removal system 2, and a controller 5.

[0028] The output of the primary dust removal system 1 is connected to the input of the primary dust removal buffer bin 6. The output of the primary dust removal buffer bin 6 is connected to the activation furnace 9 through a double-layer valve 8. The output of the primary dust removal buffer bin is also equipped with a second material level detector 7. The second material level detector 7 is located at the bottom of the primary dust removal buffer bin 6 and measures whether there is a material level at that position.

[0029] The primary dust removal buffer chamber 6 is a through pipe with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from the connection point with the primary dust removal system 1, so that the dust in the primary dust removal buffer chamber 6 can more accurately enter the activation furnace 9 through the double-layer valve 8.

[0030] The output of the secondary dust removal system 2 is connected to the input of the primary dust removal buffer bin 6 via a pipe. A valve 4 is installed on the pipe, and a first material level detector 3 is installed at the output of the secondary dust removal system 2. The first material level detector 3 is located at the bottom of the secondary dust removal system and measures whether there is material at that position.

[0031] Specifically, the secondary dust removal system 2 is connected to the primary dust removal buffer chamber 6 via an inclined pipe. The secondary dust removal system 2 is higher than the primary dust removal buffer chamber 6, and a valve 4 is installed in the middle of the inclined pipe. The valve 4 is used to control whether the dust collected by the secondary dust removal system 2 enters the primary dust removal buffer chamber 6.

[0032] Furthermore, the double-layer valve 8 includes a first shut-off valve, a cavity, and a second shut-off valve connected in sequence. The controller 5 is connected to the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve respectively. The first shut-off valve is connected to a dust removal buffer chamber in sequence, and the second shut-off valve is connected to the activation furnace 9.

[0033] The controller 5 is connected to the first material level detector 3, the second material level detector 7, the valve 4, and the double-layer valve 8, respectively.

[0034] The controller 5 receives signals from the first level detector 3 and the second level detector 7 on the one hand, and controls the opening degree of the valve 4 and the double-layer valve 8 on the other hand.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the primary dust removal system 1 and the secondary dust removal system 2 are based on a circulation system. The circulation system includes: a circulating fan 10, a heat pipe heat exchanger 11, a dry quenching coke oven body 12, a primary dust removal system 1, a dry quenching coke boiler 13, and a secondary dust removal system 2 connected in sequence. The secondary dust removal system 2 is connected to the circulating fan 10.

[0036] Specifically, the circulating fan 10 drives inert gas, which is first preheated by the heat pipe heat exchanger 11 and then sent from the bottom into the dry quenching coke oven to cool the red-hot coke. Simultaneously, the gas is heated into high-temperature, dust-laden flue gas. This flue gas then enters the primary dust removal system 1, where large particles of coke dust are removed by gravity settling. The preliminarily purified flue gas then enters the dry quenching boiler 13 to recover heat energy and generate steam, resulting in a significant temperature reduction. The cooled flue gas then enters the secondary dust removal system 2 to remove fine particulate dust. Finally, the deeply purified, low-temperature gas returns to the circulating fan 10, forming a continuously operating closed-loop circulation system integrating coke cooling, waste heat recovery, and dust purification.

[0037] The circulation system adopts a closed-loop design, with all connecting pipes using sealed connections to ensure that there is no air leakage throughout the system, thereby preventing problems such as coke powder combustion and caking. In the automatic ash removal device, the sealed connections of the pipes also prevent air leakage.

[0038] The activation furnace 9 is an integrated furnace. The heat pipe heat exchanger 11 transfers the heat generated by the circulating fan 10 to the dry quenching furnace body 12 and the dust collector ash, increasing the temperature of the dust collector ash and promoting the subsequent activation process. The present invention also includes a control method for an automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system 2 for dry quenching coke, which is based on the above-mentioned automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system 2 for dry quenching coke, and includes the following steps: S1. When the secondary dust enters the secondary dust removal system 2, the first material level detector 3 displays a material level signal. After the controller 5 detects the material level signal from the first material level detector 3, it controls the valve 4 to open, and the secondary dust is discharged into the primary dust removal buffer bin 6 through the pipeline.

[0039] At this point, the secondary dust collector ash and the primary dust collector ash are discharged together into the primary dust collector buffer chamber 6, with the primary dust collector ash falling directly into the primary dust collector buffer chamber. The primary dust collector ash is discharged through the dry quenching furnace body 12, and its temperature can reach 850~1050℃. The temperature of the secondary dust collector ash is lower, at 130~160℃.

[0040] S2. When the second level detector 7 displays a level signal, the controller 5 starts timing, opens the first shut-off valve after the first preset time, and closes the first shut-off valve and opens the second shut-off valve after the second level detector 7 displays no level signal, and closes the second shut-off valve after the second preset time.

[0041] After the first shut-off valve is closed, the dust enters the cavity, is buffered for a certain period of time, and then enters the activation furnace 9.

[0042] S3. The dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber enters the activation furnace 9, and the activation furnace 9 prepares the dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber into activated carbon.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first preset time is 20 to 60 minutes and the second preset time is 10 to 300 seconds, so as to effectively remove alkali metal impurities from the dust.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature in the activation furnace 9 is 800~1200℃ and maintained for 30min~3h to prepare activated carbon from dust removal ash.

[0045] The present invention also includes a method for preparing activated carbon, which is based on the control method of the automatic ash discharge device of the above-mentioned dry quenching primary and secondary dust removal system.

[0046] Example 1 This embodiment provides a control method for the automatic ash discharge device of a primary and secondary dust removal system 2 for dry quenching coke, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. When the secondary dust enters the secondary dust removal system 2, the first material level detector 3 displays a material level signal. After the controller 5 detects the material level signal from the first material level detector 3, it controls the valve 4 to open, and the secondary dust is discharged into the primary dust removal buffer bin 6 through the pipeline.

[0047] S2. When the second level detector 7 displays a level signal, the controller 5 starts timing. After 20 minutes, the first shut-off valve is opened. When the second level detector 7 displays no level signal, the first shut-off valve is closed, the second shut-off valve is opened, and the second shut-off valve is closed after 10 seconds.

[0048] S3. The dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber enters the activation furnace 9, and the activation furnace 9 prepares the dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber into activated carbon.

[0049] S4. The temperature of the activation furnace 9 is set to 800℃ and maintained at this temperature for 30 minutes to prepare activated carbon from the dust.

[0050] Example 2 This embodiment provides a control method for the automatic ash discharge device of a primary and secondary dust removal system 2 for dry quenching coke, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. When the secondary dust enters the secondary dust removal system 2, the first material level detector 3 displays a material level signal. After the controller 5 detects the material level signal from the first material level detector 3, it controls the valve 4 to open, and the secondary dust is discharged into the primary dust removal buffer bin 6 through the pipeline.

[0051] S2. When the second level detector 7 displays a level signal, the controller 5 starts timing. After 60 minutes, the first shut-off valve is opened. When the second level detector 7 displays no level signal, the first shut-off valve is closed, the second shut-off valve is opened, and the second shut-off valve is closed after 300 seconds.

[0052] S3. The dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber enters the activation furnace 9, and the activation furnace 9 prepares the dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber into activated carbon.

[0053] S4. The temperature of the activation furnace 9 is set to 1200℃ and maintained at this temperature for 3 hours to prepare activated carbon from the dust.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic ash removal device for a dry quenching coke primary and secondary dust removal system, characterized in that, include: Primary dust removal system, primary dust removal buffer bin, activation furnace, secondary dust removal system and controller; The output end of the primary dust removal system is connected to the input end of the primary dust removal buffer bin. The output end of the primary dust removal buffer bin is connected to the activation furnace through a double-layer valve. The output end of the primary dust removal buffer bin is also equipped with a second material level detector. The output end of the secondary dust removal system is connected to the input end of the primary dust removal buffer bin through a pipe body. The pipe body is equipped with a valve, and the output end of the secondary dust removal system is equipped with a first material level detector. The controller is connected to the first level detector, the second level detector, the valve, and the double-layer valve respectively. The controller receives signals from the first level detector and the second level detector, and controls the opening degree of the valve and the double-layer valve.

2. The automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system for dry quenching coke as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The primary dust removal system and the secondary dust removal system are based on a circulation system, which includes: a circulating fan, a heat pipe heat exchanger, a dry quenching coke oven body, a primary dust removal system, a dry quenching coke boiler, and a secondary dust removal system connected in sequence. The secondary dust removal system is connected to the circulating fan.

3. The automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system for dry quenching coke as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary dust removal system is connected to the primary dust removal buffer chamber via an inclined pipe. The secondary dust removal system is higher than the primary dust removal buffer chamber. A valve is provided in the middle of the inclined pipe. The primary dust removal buffer chamber is a through pipe with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from the connection point with the primary dust removal system.

4. The automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system for dry quenching coke as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The double-layer valve includes a first shut-off valve, a cavity, and a second shut-off valve connected in sequence. The controller is connected to the first shut-off valve and the second shut-off valve respectively. The first shut-off valve is connected to the sequential dust removal buffer chamber, and the second shut-off valve is connected to the activation furnace.

5. A control method for an automatic ash discharge device in a dry quenching coke primary and secondary dust removal system, implemented based on the automatic ash discharge device in the dry quenching coke primary and secondary dust removal system as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: When the secondary dust enters the secondary dust removal system, the first level detector displays a level signal. After the controller detects the level signal from the first level detector, it controls the valve to open, and the secondary dust is discharged into the primary dust removal buffer bin through the pipeline. When the second level detector shows a level signal, the controller starts timing. After the first preset time, the first shut-off valve is opened. When the second level detector shows no level signal, the first shut-off valve is closed, the second shut-off valve is opened, and the valve is closed after the second preset time. The dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber enters the activation furnace, where the dust output from the first dust removal buffer chamber is processed into activated carbon.

6. The control method for the automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system for dry quenching coke as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first preset time is 20~60min, and the second preset time is 10s~300s.

7. The control method for the automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system for dry quenching coke as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature in the activation furnace is 800~1200℃ and maintained for 30min~3h to prepare activated carbon from dust.

8. A method for preparing activated carbon, implemented based on the control method of the automatic ash discharge device of the primary and secondary dust removal system of the dry quenching coke as described in any one of claims 5-7.

Images