Mine positioning card and charging protection method

Abstract

This invention relates to a mining positioning card and its charging protection method, belonging to the field of mining positioning card charging safety technology. The positioning card includes a charging detection module, a power management module, a battery pack unit, a main controller unit, and other functional units. The charging detection module receives power input from the charger, supplies power to the power management module, and detects the charging current and voltage. Based on the charging status, it outputs a first logic level signal to the power management module. The main controller unit performs protocol matching with the charger and outputs a second logic level signal to the power management module based on the protocol matching result. The power management module combines the first and second logic level signals to determine whether the battery pack unit is charging. This invention can protect the positioning card's mainboard components from damage caused by high voltage and high current, avoid affecting battery performance and lifespan, and ensure the positioning card operates normally, stably, and reliably underground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of charging safety technology for mining positioning cards, and relates to a mining positioning card and a charging protection method. Background Technology

[0002] Mining positioning cards are used to locate miners underground, ensuring their safety. According to the national standard "GB / T 3836.4-2021", intrinsically safe devices can be equipped with connectors intended only for non-hazardous locations, such as data download and battery charging connectors. Such connectors should be protected to ensure that the rated values ​​of the components within the intrinsically safe device meet usage requirements. Furthermore, the circuitry of the intrinsically safe device should include measures to prevent the transfer of ignition-inducing energy from hazardous locations to connectors in safe locations. In addition, the national standard AQ1119-2023, "General Technical Conditions for Personnel Positioning Systems in Coal Mines," requires that positioning cards using rechargeable batteries should guarantee a continuous working time of no less than 7 days per charge. This necessitates the inclusion of enhanced safety protection circuits in the design and charging process of mining positioning cards to ensure that the positioning card and battery are not damaged due to improper charging methods or incorrect charger use, and that the battery is charged correctly to meet the standard's specified continuous underground usage time.

[0003] However, mining positioning cards are generally managed and charged by the workers themselves. There are many types of chargers on the market with varying quality. At the same time, miners lack professional knowledge of equipment use and maintenance. Incorrect use of chargers may cause the positioning card components to operate beyond their rated values, resulting in safety hazards when used underground.

[0004] The following problems exist when workers charge the mining positioning cards themselves: (1) If the output voltage of the charger is higher than the design range of the positioning card, it will damage the positioning card and affect the safety of the underground workers. (2) Excessive output current of the charger may intensify the internal chemical reaction of the positioning card battery, generate more heat and side reactions, accelerate the aging process of the battery, and cause the battery capacity to gradually decrease and the battery life to be shortened. (3) The charger is not equipped with protection output, which causes the positioning card components to work beyond the rated value, which will damage the positioning card components and affect the normal operation of the positioning card; (4) If the positioning card battery is overcharged for a long time, the internal temperature of the battery will rise, the battery plates will be damaged, the active material of the plates will fall off more quickly, and the battery performance and lifespan will be affected.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a charging protection method for mining positioning cards to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mining positioning card and a charging protection method, which solves the problems of overcharging and exceeding the rated value that currently exist when charging mining positioning cards, thus affecting the performance and lifespan of the mining positioning cards.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a mining positioning card, which includes a charging detection module, a power management module, a battery pack unit, a main controller unit, and other functional units.

[0008] The charging detection module receives the power input from the charger when the mining positioning card is charging, supplies power to the power management module, and detects the charging current and charging voltage; at the same time, it outputs a first logic level signal to the power management module according to the charging current and charging voltage status. The main controller unit performs protocol matching with the charger through the communication interface of the mining positioning card, and outputs a second logic level signal to the power management module according to the protocol matching result and the working voltage and current of the battery pack unit. The power management module supplies power to the main controller unit and other functional units respectively, and determines whether to charge the battery pack unit by combining the first logic level signal and the second logic level signal. Other functional units are connected to the main controller unit to implement other functions of the mining positioning card, including positioning and communication.

[0009] Furthermore, the charging detection module includes an overcurrent detection unit and an overvoltage detection unit connected in sequence, with the overvoltage detection unit connected to the power management module. The overcurrent detection unit is used to determine whether the charging current of the mining positioning card exceeds the preset current range. The overvoltage detection unit is used to determine whether the charging voltage of the mining positioning card exceeds the preset voltage range, and outputs a first logic level signal to the power management module based on the determination result.

[0010] Furthermore, the power management module includes a power gating unit, a battery charging control unit, and a power management unit; the power gating unit is connected to the charging detection module and supplies power to the battery charging control unit and the power management unit respectively; the battery charging control unit is connected to the battery pack unit, receives a first logic level signal and a second logic level signal, and combines them to determine whether to charge the battery pack unit; the power management unit is used to supply power to the main controller unit and other functional units.

[0011] Furthermore, when the charging voltage detected by the charging detection module does not exceed the preset voltage range, the first logic level signal is high; when no charger is connected and no current flows through the charging detection module, the first logic level signal is low. When the main controller unit successfully matches the charger protocol, the second logic level signal is low; otherwise, it is high. If the main controller unit detects that the operating voltage and current of the battery pack unit meet the requirements of a fully charged state, the main controller unit will only output a high-level second logic level signal.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention provides a charging protection method for the mining positioning card described in the first aspect, the method comprising: The charging detection module detects whether the charging current and charging voltage are within the preset range. If either the charging current or the charging voltage is outside the preset range, the output of the charging detection module is turned off. If both the charging current and the charging voltage are within the preset range, the charging detection module supplies power to the power selection unit and sends a high-level first logic level signal to the battery charging control unit. The main controller unit performs protocol matching with the charger through the communication interface of the mining positioning card. If the matching is successful, it sends a low-level second logic level signal to the battery charging control unit. If the matching fails, it sends a high-level second logic level signal to the battery charging control unit. If the main controller unit detects that the working voltage and current of the battery pack unit meet the requirements of a fully charged state, the main controller unit only outputs a high-level second logic level signal. The battery charging control unit performs a NAND operation on the first logic level signal and the second logic level signal, and determines whether to charge the battery pack unit based on the operation result.

[0013] Specifically, when the first logic level signal is high, if the second logic level signal is high, the battery charging control unit will not charge the battery pack unit; if the second logic level signal is low, the battery charging control unit will charge the battery pack unit.

[0014] When the first logic level signal is low, the battery charging control unit controls the battery pack unit to supply power to the mining positioning card in any state of the second logic level signal.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention solves the problem of damage to the positioning card caused by the random use of chargers. It is not affected by the charger's current output on the battery capacity and the flight time after a single full charge. Moreover, after the positioning card battery is fully charged, it can automatically identify and stop charging the battery, protecting the battery's performance and lifespan. In addition, this invention can identify chargers without the configured protocol, ensuring that the components in the positioning card operate within the rated value range.

[0016] (2) This invention uses an overcurrent detection circuit to limit the battery charging current, ensuring that the battery is charged within the design range and that excessive current does not accelerate battery aging or affect the battery's runtime after a single full charge. An overvoltage detection circuit automatically shuts off power to the power control module when the charging voltage exceeds the limit, preventing damage to the mainboard components caused by using a charger with a different output voltage specification. Furthermore, this invention uses overcurrent and overvoltage detection circuits to monitor the battery charging status in real time. When the battery is fully charged, the voltage increases and the current decreases. The main controller unit then uses the battery charging control circuit to shut off the charger from charging the battery, protecting it from overcharging.

[0017] (3) Protocol matching is required between the charger and the positioning card. When the charger is connected to the positioning card, the main controller unit performs protocol matching with the charger through the communication interface. If the communication is successful, the main controller unit controls the battery charging control circuit to start charging the battery, thus preventing the unprotected charger from charging the positioning card.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mining positioning card. Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the hardware protection principle of a mining positioning card; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protocol matching process between the charger and the mining positioning card. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0021] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0022] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] This invention proposes a mining positioning card and its charging protection method, which realizes safety protection for the mining positioning card during charging through both hardware and charging strategy.

[0024] Hardware protection includes: By using an overcurrent detection circuit, the size of the battery charging current is limited to ensure that the battery is charged within the design range, and that excessive current will not accelerate battery aging and affect the battery life after a single full charge. The overvoltage detection circuit automatically shuts off the power supply to the charging motherboard when the charging voltage exceeds the limit, thus preventing damage to the positioning motherboard components caused by using a charger with a different output voltage specification. The battery charging status is monitored in real time by overcurrent detection circuit and overvoltage detection circuit. When the battery is fully charged, the voltage will increase and the current will decrease. The main controller will shut down the charger to charge the battery through the battery charging control circuit to protect the battery from overcharging.

[0025] The charging strategy protection includes: a pre-set handshake protocol between the charger and the mining positioning card. When the mining positioning card is charging, handshake protocol matching is required. After the charger is connected to the positioning card, the main controller performs protocol matching with the charger's communication interface 1 through communication interface 2. If the communication is successful, the main controller controls the battery charging control circuit to start charging the battery, thus preventing the charger without a handshake protocol from charging the mining positioning card.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the mining positioning card includes: Overcurrent detection unit: used to detect the magnitude of charging current. When excessive charging current is detected, protection is activated and the output is automatically shut off. Overvoltage detection unit: Used to detect the charging voltage. When the charging voltage is detected to be too high, the protection is activated and the output is automatically shut off. Power selection unit: used to cut off battery power supply when the charger is plugged in, and select the external charger power supply to power the main controller unit and other functional units; Battery pack unit: Used to power the main controller unit and other functional units; Battery charging control unit: Used to control the selection of external charger power supply for battery charging; Power Management Unit: Used to convert the power from the external charger into a low voltage to power the main controller unit and other functional units; Communication interface 2: Connects to charger communication interface 1 and is used for handshake protocol matching; Main controller unit: controls the functional circuits of other units through embedded software; Other functional units: used to enable other functions of the mine positioning card, such as positioning, communication, personnel posture detection, buzzer, motor, indicator light prompts, LCD display of escape information, etc.

[0027] Based on the above structure, the hardware protection for preventing accidental charging of the mining positioning card is specifically implemented as follows: Figure 2 As shown: When the mining positioning card is connected to an external charger, it first passes through the overcurrent detection unit. If the charging current is within the preset current range, the control switch built into the overcurrent detection unit is turned on to supply power to the downstream load; if it exceeds the preset current range, the output is turned off to protect the downstream circuit from being affected. After passing through the overcurrent detection unit, the overvoltage detection unit will detect the charging voltage. If the charging voltage is within the preset voltage range, the control switch built into the overvoltage detection unit will be turned on to supply power to the downstream load. If the voltage exceeds the preset voltage range, the output will be turned off to protect the downstream circuit from being affected. When both the charging current and charging voltage are normal, the power selection unit divides the current into two paths: one path enters the power management unit, where the voltage is converted to a low voltage to power other functional units and the main controller unit; the other path enters the battery charging control unit, where the main controller unit controls the battery charging control unit to charge the battery pack after the communication interface charging protocol is successfully matched.

[0028] Specifically, when the overvoltage detection unit detects that the charging voltage is within the preset voltage range, the overvoltage detection unit outputs signal S1 at a high level. When the main controller unit detects that the protocol matching between communication interface 2 and communication interface 1 fails, the main controller outputs signal S2 at a high level. The battery charging control unit receives logic level signals S1 and S2 and performs a NAND operation. Based on the operation result, the battery charging control unit is turned off at this time, and the charger cannot charge the positioning card battery. When the main controller unit detects that the charging protocol matching between communication interface 2 and communication interface 1 is successful, the output signal S2 is at a low level. At this time, the battery charging control unit is turned on, and the charger charges the positioning card battery normally.

[0029] When the charger is unplugged, the output signal S1 is at a low level. At this time, regardless of whether S2 is at a high or low level, the battery charging control unit is in the on state, and the battery pack unit supplies power to the load.

[0030] When the main controller unit detects the battery pack unit operating voltage U d and operating current I d When the battery is fully charged, even if the protocol matching is successful, the main controller will still set the output signal S2 to a high level to shut down the charger from charging the battery pack. The truth table of the battery charging control unit control logic is shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0031] The protocol matching process between communication interface 1 and communication interface 2 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the details are as follows: First, after power-on, the charger sends a handshake request message to communication interface 2 through communication interface 1 to initiate the handshake protocol; After receiving the handshake request frame, the mining positioning card verifies the information and sends a response frame; after receiving the response frame, the charger requests charging services and loads and outputs information such as charging voltage, charging current, and charger protection level (ia or ib); After receiving the charger parameter information, the mining positioning card starts detecting the current voltage and current status of the battery pack unit. If the detection indicates that charging is required, and the parameters such as charging voltage, charging current, and charger protection level (ia or ib) match the mining positioning card, the mining positioning card sends a protocol matching confirmation frame to the charger and simultaneously enables the S2 low-level output to charge the battery pack.

[0032] In summary, this invention provides a mining positioning card and its charging protection method. It prevents damage to the positioning card's mainboard components from excessively high voltage or current output from the charger during charging, thus ensuring normal, stable, and reliable operation underground. Simultaneously, it avoids the positioning card battery from being overcharged for extended periods due to inadequate management, which could affect battery performance and lifespan. Furthermore, it can identify the charger's charging voltage, charging current, and safety protection level, preventing the positioning card's mainboard components from operating outside their rated range due to charger incompatibility.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning card for mining, characterized in that, It includes a charging detection module, a power management module, a battery pack unit, a main controller unit, and other functional units; The charging detection module receives the power input from the charger when the mining positioning card is charging, supplies power to the power management module, and detects the charging current and charging voltage; at the same time, it outputs a first logic level signal to the power management module according to the charging current and charging voltage status. The main controller unit performs protocol matching with the charger through the communication interface of the mining positioning card, and outputs a second logic level signal to the power management module according to the protocol matching result and the working voltage and current of the battery pack unit. The power management module supplies power to the main controller unit and other functional units respectively, and determines whether to charge the battery pack unit by combining the first logic level signal and the second logic level signal. Other functional units are connected to the main controller unit to implement other functions of the mining positioning card, including positioning and communication.

2. The mining positioning card according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging detection module includes an overcurrent detection unit and an overvoltage detection unit connected in sequence. The overvoltage detection unit is connected to the power management module. The overcurrent detection unit is used to determine whether the charging current of the mining positioning card exceeds the preset current range. The overvoltage detection unit is used to determine whether the charging voltage of the mining positioning card exceeds the preset voltage range, and outputs the first logic level signal to the power management module according to the judgment result.

3. The mining positioning card according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes a power selection unit, a battery charging control unit, and a power management unit. The power selection unit is connected to the charging detection module and supplies power to the battery charging control unit and the power management unit, respectively. The battery charging control unit is connected to the battery pack unit, receives a first logic level signal and a second logic level signal, and determines whether to charge the battery pack unit. The power management unit supplies power to the main controller unit and other functional units.

4. The mining positioning card according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the charging voltage detected by the charging detection module does not exceed the preset voltage range, the first logic level signal is high; when no charger is connected and no current flows through the charging detection module, the first logic level signal is low. When the main controller unit successfully matches the charger protocol, the second logic level signal is low; otherwise, it is high. If the main controller unit detects that the operating voltage and current of the battery pack unit meet the requirements of a fully charged state, the main controller unit will only output a high-level second logic level signal.

5. A charging protection method applied to the mining positioning card according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method includes: The charging detection module detects whether the charging current and charging voltage are within the preset range. If either the charging current or the charging voltage is outside the preset range, the output of the charging detection module is turned off. If both the charging current and the charging voltage are within the preset range, the charging detection module supplies power to the power selection unit and sends a high-level first logic level signal to the battery charging control unit. The main controller unit performs protocol matching with the charger through the communication interface of the mining positioning card. If the matching is successful, it sends a low-level second logic level signal to the battery charging control unit. If the matching fails, it sends a high-level second logic level signal to the battery charging control unit. If the main controller unit detects that the working voltage and current of the battery pack unit meet the requirements of a fully charged state, the main controller unit only outputs a high-level second logic level signal. The battery charging control unit performs a NAND operation on the first logic level signal and the second logic level signal, and determines whether to charge the battery pack unit based on the operation result.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the first logic level signal is high, if the second logic level signal is high, the battery charging control unit will not charge the battery pack unit; if the second logic level signal is low, the battery charging control unit will charge the battery pack unit.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the first logic level signal is low, the battery charging control unit controls the battery pack unit to supply power to the mining positioning card in any state of the second logic level signal.

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