Recycled aluminum sorting apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a recycled aluminum sorting treatment device and method, relates to the technical field of recycling of renewable resources, and aims to solve the problem of designing a more efficient, stable and intelligent recycled aluminum crushing and sorting device. The application comprises a self-adaptive feeding identification unit which is used for identifying and distinguishing light and thin materials and thick and heavy materials; a double-cavity grading crushing unit which comprises a coarse crushing cavity and a fine crushing cavity and corresponds to the light and thin materials and the thick and heavy materials respectively, wherein the light and thin materials enter the fine crushing cavity for crushing, and the thick and heavy materials enter the coarse crushing cavity for crushing; a pulsating airflow grading unit which is communicated with a discharge port of the double-cavity grading crushing unit through an angle conveyor belt; a gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit which is communicated with a discharge port of the pulsating airflow grading unit through the angle conveyor belt; and a variable-frequency eddy current sorting unit which is communicated with a discharge port of the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit through a horizontal conveyor belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of recycling and reuse of renewable resources, and specifically to a recycling aluminum sorting and processing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the recycling of recycled aluminum generally faces the following problems;

[0003] 1. Mixed feed materials, with thin and heavy materials being crushed together, easily lead to over-crushing, resulting in significant aluminum chip loss and low recovery rate.

[0004] 2. Traditional sorting methods often use a single magnetic separation plus eddy current, which is ineffective for sorting fine aluminum particles, heavy impurities, non-metallic inclusions, and coated aluminum, making it difficult to consistently achieve the required aluminum purity.

[0005] 3. The crushing and sorting stages are independent, resulting in frequent material transfers, high dust levels, high energy consumption, and extensive manual intervention.

[0006] 4. The equipment cannot automatically adjust its operating conditions according to the characteristics of the material, resulting in poor adaptability, easy material blockage, rapid wear, and unstable operation.

[0007] In summary, existing technologies cannot simultaneously achieve low aluminum loss, high purity, high automation, and high throughput in the sorting and recycling of recycled aluminum. Therefore, a more efficient, stable, and intelligent recycled aluminum crushing and sorting device is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention aims to solve the problem of designing a more efficient, stable, and intelligent recycled aluminum crushing and sorting device. It proposes a recycled aluminum sorting and processing device, which includes an adaptive feed identification unit for identifying and distinguishing between light and thin materials and heavy materials, so as to automatically allocate the crushing path.

[0009] The dual-chamber grading crushing unit includes a coarse crushing chamber and a fine crushing chamber, which correspond to the light and thin material and the heavy material, respectively. The light and thin material enters the fine crushing chamber for crushing, and the heavy material enters the coarse crushing chamber for crushing.

[0010] The pulsating airflow classification unit is connected to the discharge port of the dual-chamber classification and crushing unit via an upward-angle conveyor belt to blow out light impurities from the material.

[0011] The gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit is connected to the discharge port of the pulsed airflow classification unit through the elevation angle conveyor belt to remove strong magnetic impurities.

[0012] The variable frequency eddy current separation unit is connected to the discharge port of the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit via a horizontal conveyor belt for separating non-ferrous metals.

[0013] A further feature of the present invention is that the adaptive feeding identification unit includes a chain plate feeder, and the chain plate feeder is also equipped with a detection sensor to distinguish between the light and thin material and the heavy material.

[0014] A further provision of the present invention is that the detection sensor includes a thickness sensor and a weight sensor.

[0015] A further configuration of the present invention is as follows: the adaptive feeding identification unit further includes a sorting chamber, the inlet of which is located below the outlet of the chain feeder for receiving the material output by the chain feeder; the sorting chamber includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and a sorting mechanism is also provided in the sorting chamber for sorting the heavy material into the upper cavity; the outlet of the upper cavity is connected to the coarse crushing chamber, and the outlet of the lower cavity is connected to the fine crushing chamber.

[0016] A further provision of the present invention includes an intelligent control unit, wherein the output terminal of the detection sensor is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit, and the output terminal of the intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the sorting mechanism. The intelligent control unit outputs a control signal to the sorting mechanism based on the detection signal of the detection sensor, and the sorting mechanism performs a sorting action based on the control signal.

[0017] A further provision of the present invention is that a vibrating discharge port is provided below the discharge port of the coarse crushing chamber and the discharge port of the fine crushing chamber. The vibrating discharge port is connected to the pulsed airflow classification unit through the cooperation of a horizontal conveyor belt and an upward-angle conveyor belt, so as to convey the material into the pulsed airflow classification unit.

[0018] A further feature of the present invention is that it includes an X-ray sorting unit, which is located downstream of the variable frequency eddy current sorting unit, for performing depth detection and sorting on the sorted materials.

[0019] A method for sorting and processing recycled aluminum includes the following steps: S1: The mixed waste aluminum is fed into the adaptive feeding and identification unit, which identifies the material specifications online and distinguishes them. S2: Based on the identification structure, the material is automatically allocated to the coarse crushing chamber or fine crushing chamber for graded crushing; S3: The crushed material is fed into the pulsed airflow classification unit to remove light impurities; S4: Then the material is fed into the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit to remove strong magnetic impurities from the material; S5: The material is then fed into the variable frequency eddy current separation unit to separate high-purity non-ferrous metals.

[0020] A further provision of the present invention is that, in step S3, the crushed material needs to undergo mechanical screening before being fed into the pulsed airflow classification unit.

[0021] A further provision of the present invention is that the non-ferrous metals separated in step S5 are subjected to X-ray sorting.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by setting up a dual-chamber grading crushing unit, the problem of over-crushing can be significantly reduced, and the aluminum recovery rate can be increased by 3%-6%; through the combination of a pulsed airflow grading unit, a gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit, and a variable frequency eddy current separation unit, light impurities and strong magnetic impurities in the material can be effectively removed, further improving the purity of the finished aluminum to a stable ≥99%; the integrated machine structure can realize adaptive production line control, simplify operation, reduce the transfer process, and at the same time, the integrated machine structure can also realize closed operation, further reducing dust and meeting environmental protection standards, while also effectively increasing the processing capacity by 20%-35%. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the adaptive feed recognition unit and the dual-chamber separation and crushing unit is shown.

[0025] Figure 3 A process flow diagram of the method in Example 2 is shown.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Adaptive feeding identification unit; 11. Chain plate feeder; 12. Detection sensor; 121. Thickness sensor; 122. Weight sensor; 13. Sorting chamber; 131. Upper chamber; 132. Lower chamber; 133. Sorting mechanism; 2. Dual-chamber grading and crushing unit; 21. Coarse crushing chamber; 22. Fine crushing chamber; 23. Vibrating discharge port; 3. Pulsating airflow grading unit; 4. Gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit; 5. Variable frequency eddy current sorting unit; 6. X-ray sorting unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately improve the process parameters to achieve the desired results. It should be particularly noted that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in this invention. The methods and applications of this invention have been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make modifications or appropriate alterations and combinations to the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content, spirit, and scope of this invention to implement and apply the technology of this invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The present invention proposes a recycled aluminum sorting and processing device, including an adaptive feeding identification unit 1, which is used to identify and distinguish between light and thin materials and heavy materials, so as to achieve the purpose of automatically allocating crushing paths.

[0030] The dual-chamber grading crushing unit 2 includes a coarse crushing chamber 21 and a fine crushing chamber 22. Light and thin materials enter the fine crushing chamber 22 for crushing. The fine crushing chamber 22 uses small gaps and high speed to ensure the uniformity of crushing. On the other hand, heavy materials enter the coarse crushing chamber 21 for crushing. The coarse crushing chamber 21 uses large gaps and low speed to avoid crushing into powder and further avoid over-crushing.

[0031] The pulsating airflow classification unit 3 is connected to the discharge port of the dual-chamber classification and crushing unit 2 via an upward-angle conveyor belt. Material from the dual-chamber classification and crushing unit 2 is conveyed into the pulsating airflow classification unit 3 by the upward-angle conveyor belt for airflow separation, thereby blowing out lightweight impurities such as plastics, paper, rubber, and dust. It should be noted that the pulsating airflow classification unit 3 in this application adopts existing technology; its specific structure is referenced in the Chinese patent entitled "Airflow Separation Device for Recycled Aluminum Crushed Material," publication number CN224025700U.

[0032] The gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit 4 is connected to the discharge port of the pulsed airflow classification unit 3 via an upward-angle conveyor belt. The material that has had light impurities removed by the pulsed airflow classification unit can be fed into the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit 4 by the upward-angle conveyor belt. The gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit 4 is also existing, and it is equipped with gradient strong magnets and a vibration unit inside. Through the vibration of the vibration unit, the material can be spread evenly, and then the gradient strong magnets can adsorb strong magnetic impurities in the material, such as iron nails, steel bars, iron filings, etc., to prevent them from entering the subsequent equipment.

[0033] The variable frequency eddy current separation unit 5 is connected to the discharge port of the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit 4 via a horizontal conveyor belt. Material that has had its strongly magnetic impurities removed by the strong magnetic iron removal unit can be fed into the variable frequency eddy current separation unit 5 by the horizontal conveyor belt to separate non-ferrous metals from the material. It should be noted that the variable frequency eddy current separation unit 5 also adopts existing technology; refer to the Chinese patent entitled "Eddy Current Separator for Preventing High-Temperature Demagnetization," publication number CN121534843A.

[0034] It should also be noted that the variable frequency eddy current separation unit 5 in this application adopts variable frequency drive, which can automatically adjust the roller speed according to the aluminum particle size, and further realize the segmented separation of fine aluminum, flake aluminum and block aluminum, thereby improving the non-ferrous metal recovery rate.

[0035] The adaptive recognition unit includes a chain feeder 11, on which a detection sensor 12 is installed to distinguish between thin and heavy materials. The detection sensor 12 includes a thickness sensor 121 and a weight sensor 122. The thickness sensor 121 is a vision sensor mounted on the side frame of the chain feeder 11 to detect the thickness of the material, while the weight sensor 122 is installed below the chain to detect the weight of the material. Based on the thickness and weight, the material is then classified as thin or heavy.

[0036] The adaptive feeding identification unit 1 also includes a sorting chamber 13, the feed port of which is located below the discharge end of the chain feeder 11 to receive the material output by the chain feeder 11. The sorting chamber 13 includes an upper chamber 131 and a lower chamber 132. A sorting mechanism 133 is also installed at the entrance of the sorting chamber 13. The sorting mechanism 133 can be a mechanical kicking structure or a blowing mechanism. In this application, the sorting mechanism 133 is illustrated by the blowing mechanism. The sorting mechanism 133 is a blowing port. When heavy material passes through the blowing port, the blowing port opens to blow the heavy material into the upper chamber 131. When light material passes through the blowing port, the blowing port closes, and the light material falls freely into the lower chamber 132. The discharge port of the upper chamber 131 is connected to the coarse crushing chamber 21, and the discharge port of the lower chamber 132 is connected to the fine crushing chamber 22. Thus, heavy material can enter the coarse crushing chamber 21 along the upper chamber 131, and light material can enter the fine crushing chamber 22 along the lower chamber 132, so as to achieve the purpose of graded crushing.

[0037] It also includes an intelligent control unit, which is a PLC programmable controller. The output terminals of the thickness sensor 121 and the weight sensor 122 are electrically connected to the input terminal of the intelligent control unit to transmit the thickness and weight signals of the material into the intelligent control unit. The output terminal of the intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sorting mechanism 133. That is, the intelligent control unit can output control signals to the sorting mechanism 133 based on the thickness and weight signals, and then the sorting mechanism 133 performs actions based on the control signals, namely, opening and closing the blowing air port.

[0038] It should be noted that a vibrating discharge port 23 is provided below the discharge ports of the coarse crushing chamber 21 and the fine crushing chamber 22. The crushed material can enter the vibrating discharge port 23. The vibrating discharge port 23 is connected to the pulsed airflow sorting and grading unit through the cooperation of the horizontal conveyor belt and the upward conveyor belt. That is, the crushed material will be transported to the pulsed airflow sorting and grading unit for airflow sorting along the horizontal conveyor belt and the upward conveyor belt.

[0039] It also includes an X-ray sorting unit 6, which is located downstream of the frequency conversion eddy current sorting unit 5. That is, the non-ferrous metal outlet of the frequency conversion eddy current sorting unit 5 is equipped with a horizontal conveyor belt. The screened non-ferrous metals are transported out by the horizontal conveyor belt. The X-ray sorting unit 6 is installed on the horizontal conveyor belt. When the non-ferrous metals are transported, the X-rays emitted by the X-ray sorting and purification unit are used to irradiate the non-ferrous metals, thereby achieving further purification of the non-ferrous metals. That is, sorting is carried out according to the different densities of the materials. After the X-rays irradiate the non-ferrous metals, materials of different densities will exhibit different states, thereby achieving differentiation.

[0040] It should also be noted that the material thickness threshold is set to 5mm. Materials thicker than 5mm or heavier are defined as heavy materials and are fed into the coarse crushing chamber 21, where the gap is set to 60-110mm and the rotation speed is 300-500r / min. Materials thinner than 5mm or lighter are defined as light materials and are fed into the fine crushing chamber 22, where the gap is set to 20-40mm and the rotation speed is 800-1200r / min. The crushed material then enters the pulsed airflow classification unit 3, where the air pressure is 2000-4000Pa. After passing through the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit 4, it finally enters the variable frequency eddy current separation unit 5, where the rotation speed is 3000-4500r / min.

[0041] The control terminals of each of the above units are also electrically connected to the intelligent control unit to realize automatic adjustment of parameters, namely, the setting of threshold, the setting of the gap and speed in the coarse crushing chamber 21 and the fine crushing chamber 22, the setting of wind pressure and the speed of the variable frequency eddy current sorting unit 5.

[0042] It should be noted that the input end of the pulsed airflow classification unit 3 is also equipped with a drum screen for preliminary screening of the crushed material.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] refer to Figure 3 This embodiment proposes a method for sorting recycled aluminum, using a recycled aluminum sorting device as disclosed in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0045] S1: The mixed waste aluminum is fed into the adaptive feeding and identification unit 1, which identifies the material specifications online and distinguishes them.

[0046] S2: Based on the identification structure, the material is automatically distributed to the coarse crushing chamber 21 or the fine crushing chamber 22 for graded crushing.

[0047] S3: The crushed material is fed into the pulsed airflow classification unit 3 to remove light impurities.

[0048] S4: Then the material is fed into the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit 4 to remove strong magnetic impurities from the material.

[0049] S5: The material is then fed into the variable frequency eddy current separation unit 5 to separate high-purity non-ferrous metals.

[0050] In step S3, the crushed material needs to undergo mechanical screening before being fed into the pulsed airflow classification unit 3.

[0051] The non-ferrous metals separated in step S5 are X-ray sorted and then stored in an intelligent warehousing system.

[0052] In summary, this invention, by setting up a dual-chamber grading crushing unit 2, can significantly reduce the problem of over-crushing and increase the aluminum recovery rate by 3%-6%. Through the cooperation of the pulsed airflow grading unit 3, the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit 4, and the variable frequency eddy current separation unit 5, it can effectively remove light impurities and strong magnetic impurities from the material, further improving the purity of the finished aluminum to a stable ≥99%. The integrated machine structure enables adaptive production line control, simplifies operation, reduces the transfer process, and also enables closed operation, further reducing dust and meeting environmental standards. At the same time, the processing capacity is also effectively increased by 20%-35%.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recycled aluminum sorting and processing device, characterized in that, Including: An adaptive feed identification unit (1) is used to identify and distinguish between light and thin materials and heavy materials in order to automatically allocate the crushing path; The dual-chamber grading crushing unit (2) includes a coarse crushing chamber (21) and a fine crushing chamber (22), which correspond to the light and thin material and the heavy material, respectively. The light and thin material enters the fine crushing chamber (22) for crushing, and the heavy material enters the coarse crushing chamber (21) for crushing. The pulsating airflow classification unit (3) is connected to the discharge port of the dual-chamber classification and crushing unit (2) via an upward-angle conveyor belt to blow out light impurities from the material. The gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit (4) is connected to the discharge port of the pulsed airflow classification unit (3) through the elevation angle conveyor belt to remove strong magnetic impurities; The variable frequency eddy current separation unit (5) is connected to the discharge port of the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit (4) via a horizontal conveyor belt for separating non-ferrous metals.

2. The recycled aluminum sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive feeding identification unit (1) includes a chain plate feeder (11), and the chain plate feeder (11) is also equipped with a detection sensor (12) to distinguish between the light and thin material and the heavy material.

3. The recycled aluminum sorting and processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection sensor (12) includes a thickness sensor (121) and a weight sensor (122).

4. The recycled aluminum sorting and processing apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The adaptive feeding identification unit (1) further includes a sorting chamber (13). The feed inlet of the sorting chamber (13) is located below the discharge end of the chain feeder (11) to receive the material output by the chain feeder (11). The sorting chamber (13) includes an upper cavity (131) and a lower cavity (132). The sorting chamber (13) is also provided with a sorting mechanism (133) to sort the heavy material into the upper cavity (131). The discharge port of the upper cavity (131) is connected to the coarse crushing chamber (21), and the discharge port of the lower cavity (132) is connected to the fine crushing chamber (22).

5. The recycled aluminum sorting and processing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an intelligent control unit. The output terminal of the detection sensor (12) is electrically connected to the intelligent control unit. The output terminal of the intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the sorting mechanism (133). The intelligent control unit outputs a control signal to the sorting mechanism (133) based on the detection signal of the detection sensor (12). The sorting mechanism (133) performs a sorting action based on the control signal.

6. The recycled aluminum sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the discharge port of the coarse crushing chamber (21) and the discharge port of the fine crushing chamber (22), there is a vibrating discharge port (23). The vibrating discharge port (23) is connected to the pulsating airflow classification unit (3) through the cooperation of a horizontal conveyor belt and an upward conveyor belt, so as to convey the material into the pulsating airflow classification unit (3).

7. The recycled aluminum sorting and processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an X-ray sorting unit (6), which is located downstream of the variable frequency eddy current sorting unit (5) for deep detection and sorting of the sorted materials.

8. A method for sorting and processing recycled aluminum, using the recycled aluminum sorting and processing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: The mixed waste aluminum is fed into the adaptive feeding identification unit (1) to identify the material specifications online and distinguish them; S2: Based on the identification structure, the material is automatically allocated to the coarse crushing chamber (21) or fine crushing chamber (22) for graded crushing; S3: The crushed material is fed into the pulsed airflow classification unit (3) to remove light impurities; S4: Then the material is fed into the gradient strong magnetic iron removal unit (4) to remove strong magnetic impurities in the material; S5: Then send the material into the variable frequency eddy current separation unit (5) to separate high-purity non-ferrous metals.

9. The method for sorting and processing recycled aluminum according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the crushed material needs to be mechanically screened before being fed into the pulsed airflow classification unit (3).

10. The method for sorting and processing recycled aluminum according to claim 8, characterized in that: The non-ferrous metals separated in step S5 are subjected to X-ray sorting.

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