Autonomous fire extinguishing material, preparation method and application

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fireproof flame-retardant materials, in particular to a self-extinguishing material, a preparation method and application. The self-extinguishing material is prepared by the preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a fire extinguishing slurry; uniformly coating the fire extinguishing slurry on a porous flame-retardant foam material to obtain a fire extinguishing functional layer; wrapping a flame-retardant packaging layer, an elastic buffer layer and a corrosion and moisture prevention layer from inside to outside on the outer side of the fire extinguishing functional layer to obtain the self-extinguishing material. The application comprises the application of the self-extinguishing material in building fire prevention, new energy battery thermal runaway protection, electrical equipment fire prevention and / or closed space fire extinguishing. The self-extinguishing material prepared by the application can capture and consume combustion free radicals, and the self-extinguishing function is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire-retardant materials technology, and in particular to an autonomous fire extinguishing material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of batteries, battery thermal runaway fires pose a serious challenge. Unlike ordinary solid fires, thermal runaway fires exhibit three unique characteristics: 1) internal electrochemical reactions generate continuous heat, leading to a rapid temperature rise and subsequent combustion; 2) the risk of reignition and explosion is extremely high; and 3) the release of acidic and toxic gases such as HF. Based on these unique characteristics, researchers need to investigate how to rapidly cool down, chemically inhibit, and absorb acidic and toxic gases in thermal runaway scenarios.

[0003] In existing technologies, aerogel materials have been used for fireproofing and thermal insulation of batteries, electrical equipment, and energy storage systems. This approach typically uses silica aerogel, alumina aerogel, or composite aerogel as the main material, fabricating aerogel sheets, aerogel mats, aerogel pads, or thermal insulation coatings, which are then placed between battery cells, battery modules, electrical cabinets, energy storage cabinets, and high-temperature protection areas. Aerogel materials possess characteristics such as low density, high porosity, low thermal conductivity, and high-temperature resistance. When equipment overheats, burns, or experiences thermal runaway, the aerogel can reduce the rate of heat transfer through its porous insulation structure, delaying the spread of flames and high temperatures to surrounding areas, thereby providing thermal insulation, flame retardancy, and delaying heat spread. This approach is suitable for thermal runaway isolation and passive fire protection, but its primary function is thermal insulation and delaying fire spread; it typically lacks the ability to actively release extinguishing agents, rapidly reduce the concentration of flame free radicals, or directly extinguish open flames. Furthermore, aerogel materials may also have drawbacks such as high brittleness, decreased thermal insulation performance under pressure, high installation and fitting requirements, and high cost.

[0004] In existing technologies, there are also schemes that use perfluorohexanone microcapsules to prepare fire extinguishing patches or rings. This scheme typically encapsulates liquid perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent inside microcapsules, then combines it with a polymer matrix to form a solid sheet or ring material, which is then installed in localized areas such as electrical cabinets, terminal blocks, battery modules, and power storage spaces. When a short circuit, overheating, or early combustion occurs, the local temperature rises to the trigger temperature of the microcapsule material. The microcapsule shell softens, ruptures, or decomposes upon heating, releasing and vaporizing the internal perfluorohexanone. The vaporized perfluorohexanone diffuses within the localized space, suppressing or extinguishing the fire source by absorbing heat, cooling the temperature, and inhibiting the chain reaction of combustion free radicals. Existing perfluorohexanone microcapsule fire extinguishing materials mainly rely on the release of perfluorohexanone after the microcapsules rupture upon heating to achieve localized gas-phase fire extinguishing. While this approach offers advantages such as passive triggering and ease of installation, its perfluorohexanone loading capacity is limited by microcapsule particle size, shell thickness, microcapsule content, and material thickness, resulting in a limited total amount of extinguishing agent that can be released per unit area. In cases of battery thermal runaway, sustained high temperatures, or continuous release of flammable gases, relying solely on microcapsules to release perfluorohexanone is insufficient to sustainably suppress rapid temperature increases, posing a risk of reignition or secondary combustion. Furthermore, this approach primarily utilizes gas-phase extinguishing, lacking functions such as solid-phase free radical capture, catalytic combustion suppression, acid gas adsorption, and surface carbonization for heat insulation. It struggles to form a stable insulating film or carbonized protective layer on the surface of the protected object, limiting its long-term protection against deep-seated fire sources and continuous heat sources. Moreover, the microcapsule manufacturing process is complex, requiring sophisticated equipment and process control, leading to high production costs. Additionally, some preparation processes may generate waste liquids, waste gases, or residual additives, hindering low-cost, large-scale application.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an autonomous fire extinguishing material, preparation method, and application to address the problem that existing aerogel flame retardant materials mainly passively delay combustion and cannot extinguish fire autonomously; to solve the problem that existing perfluorohexanone microcapsule flame retardant materials rely solely on the release of perfluorohexanone from microcapsules, which is difficult to continuously suppress rapid temperature rise and poses a risk of reignition or secondary combustion, as well as the problem that they cannot adsorb acidic toxic gases. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an autonomous fire extinguishing material, its preparation method, and its application. The specific technical solution is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an autonomous fire extinguishing material comprising the following raw material components: an oxidant, perfluorohexanone, an adhesive, and an emulsifier; wherein the oxidant comprises nano-sized cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium oxide.

[0007] Optionally, the oxidant is in the form of 10-25 parts by mass, the perfluorohexanone is in the form of 65-89 parts by mass, the adhesive is in the form of 2-15 parts by mass, and the emulsifier is in the form of 1-5 parts by mass; in the oxidant, the mass ratio of cerium oxide to lanthanum oxide is 1:1-15.

[0008] Optionally, the particle size of the cerium oxide is not greater than 950 nm; the particle size of the lanthanum cerium oxide is not greater than 950 nm.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an autonomous fire extinguishing material, comprising: Step S1: Mix the required mass parts of the oxidant, perfluorohexanone, adhesive, and emulsifier to obtain the fire extinguishing slurry; Step S2: The fire extinguishing slurry is evenly coated onto the porous flame-retardant foam material to obtain a fire extinguishing functional layer; Step S3: From the inside to the outside, a flame-retardant encapsulation layer, an elastic buffer layer, and an anti-corrosion and moisture-proof layer are sequentially wrapped around the outside of the fire extinguishing functional layer to obtain the self-extinguishing material.

[0010] Optionally, the porous flame-retardant foam material has a porosity of 50% to 98% and a density of 5 to 50 kg / m³. 3 The thickness is 0.5~50mm; The coating temperature is controlled at ≤30℃, and the coating speed is controlled at 1~20m / min.

[0011] Optionally, the porous flame-retardant foam material includes at least one of melamine foam, polyurethane flame-retardant foam, silicone rubber foam, phenolic foam, ceramicized foam, aramid fiber foam, and glass fiber reinforced foam.

[0012] Optionally, the flame-retardant encapsulation layer includes at least one of aluminum-plastic composite film, silicone rubber film, fluororubber film, polyimide film, fiberglass cloth composite film, and ceramicized silicone rubber film; The elastic buffer layer includes at least one of natural rubber, fluororubber, silicone rubber and EPDM rubber; The anti-corrosion and moisture-proof layer includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene.

[0013] Optionally, the adhesive may include polyvinyl alcohol.

[0014] Optionally, the emulsifier includes at least one of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0015] Optionally, the preparation method of the autonomous fire extinguishing material further includes an additive; the additive includes at least one of nano-sized lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, and copper oxide; the mass ratio of the oxidant to the additive is less than or equal to 9:1.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the aforementioned autonomous fire extinguishing material in building fire protection, thermal runaway protection of new energy batteries, fire protection of electrical equipment, and / or fire extinguishing in confined spaces.

[0017] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The autonomous fire extinguishing material provided by this invention can capture and consume combustion free radicals to achieve autonomous fire extinguishing function; the autonomous fire extinguishing material can also capture and consume acidic toxic gases such as HF during the autonomous fire extinguishing process. The specific principle is as follows: A. In terms of capturing and consuming combustion free radicals, perfluorohexanone and oxidants can synergistically capture and consume combustion free radicals. Specifically, during thermal runaway of lithium batteries, the electrolyte, separator, binder, and plastic parts undergo thermal decomposition, generating a combustion chain reaction that produces combustion free radicals such as H·, O·, and OH·. Perfluorohexanone attached to porous flame-retardant foam materials, on the one hand, absorbs heat and vaporizes, lowering the temperature of the thermal runaway region and reducing the generation rate of combustion free radicals; on the other hand, perfluorohexanone absorbs heat and decomposes into fluorine-containing free radical fragments, which react and consume combustion free radicals, achieving a self-extinguishing function. Oxidants attached to porous flame-retardant foam materials can continue to consume residual combustion free radicals, synergistically achieving a self-extinguishing function: La in lanthanum and cerium oxide. 3+ It can regulate the formation of oxygen vacancies in the cerium oxide lattice to create more adsorption sites for combustion radicals, fully adsorbing residual combustion radicals and binding Ce in cerium oxide. 3+ / Ce 4+ Redox pairs can react combustion free radicals OH· and H· to form water, while oxygen or O· can promote the reaction of Ce in cerium oxide. 3+ / Ce 4+ The redox pair dynamic equilibrium ensures the continuous reaction of combustion radicals OH· and H· into water; the combustion radical O· captured by oxygen vacancies can react with H· to form water; in addition, the endothermic cooling of perfluorohexanone helps to prevent the deactivation of lanthanum oxide by high-temperature sintering; La in lanthanum oxide... 3+ It can also improve the high-temperature stability of cerium oxide; under oxygen-containing high-temperature conditions, lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide can synergistically promote the further conversion of some harmful or flammable gases such as CO and H2 into CO2 and H2O, thereby reducing the concentration of flammable gases, slowing down the development of fire, and reducing the risk of secondary combustion or deflagration.

[0018] B. In terms of capturing and consuming acidic toxic gases such as HF, the cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide used in this invention are nano-inorganic oxides with a large number of unsaturated metal sites, oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl sites on their surfaces. They can enrich acidic toxic gases such as HF on their surfaces through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, polar interaction and surface coordination. The oxygen sites on the surface of cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide are alkaline and can undergo acid-base neutralization reactions with acidic toxic gases such as HF, thereby consuming acidic toxic gases such as HF.

[0019] (2) The fire extinguishing slurry used in this invention is uniformly impregnated on the surface and inside the pores of the porous flame-retardant foam material. The porous flame-retardant foam material serves as the main load-bearing structure. Under high temperature or flame action, it forms a char layer together with the materials in the fire extinguishing slurry, further enhancing the self-extinguishing effect. The reaction basis for the formation of the char layer is that the adhesive, emulsifier, and porous flame-retardant foam material all contain functional groups that can undergo dehydration, bond breaking, cross-linking, condensation, or aromatization at high temperatures. The surfaces of cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide have Ce and La metal active sites, surface hydroxyl groups, lattice oxygen, and oxygen vacancies, which can coordinate, polarize, adsorb, and catalyze the above functional groups, thereby promoting the organic components to shift from the volatilization and cracking path to the solid-phase carbonization path, thus forming a char layer. Specifically, when the adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol, its molecular chain contains a large number of –OH hydroxyl groups. At high temperatures, the –OH groups on adjacent carbon atoms can undergo a dehydration reaction with β-H, generating H2O and –C=C–C=C– conjugated polyene structures. The reason this reaction can occur is that –OH groups have a tendency to dehydrate at high temperatures, and the Ce on the surface of cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide... 4+ La 3+ Lewis acid sites can coordinate with oxygen atoms in the –OH group, polarizing the C–O bond and reducing the energy required for dehydration. Simultaneously, surface oxygen sites and vacancies facilitate hydrogen transfer, thus promoting the dehydration reaction. The conjugated polyene structure formed during dehydration further generates carbon radicals C· at high temperatures, and undergoes cross-linking, condensation, and aromatization through C·-C· coupling, ultimately forming carbonaceous residues. Ce in cerium oxide... 3+ / Ce 4+Reversible valence state transitions can participate in electron transfer and dehydrogenation processes, making it easier for organic segments to form free radicals and further crosslink into char. When melamine foam is used in porous flame-retardant foam materials, its nitrogen-containing structures such as triazine rings (C3N3), –NH–, and –NH2) can undergo deammoniation, condensation, and crosslinking reactions at high temperatures. Due to the high thermal stability of triazine rings and the strong char-forming and flame-retardant tendency of nitrogen-containing structures, they can be retained at high temperatures and participate in the formation of nitrogen-containing char layers. The metal sites on the surfaces of cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide can adsorb and fix the above-mentioned nitrogen-containing structures, promoting their local condensation and crosslinking, thereby improving the continuity of the char layer. When polyurethane flame-retardant foam is used in porous flame-retardant foam materials, its –NH–CO–O–urethane bonds can break at high temperatures to generate intermediate groups such as –NCO and –OH. Because the –NCO isocyanate group has strong electrophilicity, it can further undergo addition and cross-linking reactions with –OH, –NH2, or –NH– to generate urethane bonds, urea bonds, or isocyanurate ring structures, and further form nitrogen-containing cross-linked char residues. The Ce and La sites on the surface of cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide can adsorb the above-mentioned intermediate groups, making it easier for them to cross-link and carbonize near the foam pore walls. When the emulsifier is dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, it contains aromatic rings, ether bonds, and terminal hydroxyl groups. At high temperatures, the –C–O–C– ether bonds are easily broken, generating oxygen-containing small molecule pyrolysis products. Its aromatic ring structure has high thermal stability and can couple and condense with carbon free radicals generated by the pyrolysis of polyvinyl alcohol or porous flame-retardant foam materials, participating in the formation of aromatic char layers. The dodecyl chain in sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is easily cleaved at high temperatures, while the benzene ring structure can be retained and participate in the construction of the aromatic carbon layer. Its –SO3Na sulfonate group can form inorganic salt residues such as Na2SO4, Na2SO3, and Na2CO3 at high temperatures. These inorganic salt residues can co-fill the pores of the carbon layer with cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide particles, improving the density of the carbon layer. Furthermore, cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide mainly play a catalytic role in carbon formation and carbon layer stabilization during this process, and their surface Ce... 4+ La 3+ Lewis acid sites can coordinate and adsorb with polar functional groups such as –OH, –NH2, –NH–, –NCO, and –SO3⁻, causing these functional groups to become polarized and more readily undergo dehydration, dehydrogenation, crosslinking, and condensation reactions; cerium oxide's Ce 3+ / Ce 4+Reversible redox sites can participate in high-temperature electron transfer processes, promoting the formation of free radicals from organic segments and further cross-linking into char. Oxygen vacancies and surface oxygen species can participate in hydrogen transfer and fragment fixation, allowing more organic components to remain as a solid char layer rather than being completely decomposed into combustible volatiles. Simultaneously, cerium oxide and lanthanum oxide nanoparticles serve as an inorganic framework embedded in the char layer, forming a char layer together with organic char residues and inorganic salt residues. This char layer can block the continued transfer of heat, oxygen, and combustible volatiles, reducing the risk of flame thermal feedback and reignition, thereby improving the material's sustained flame retardant and thermal insulation properties.

[0020] (3) The flame-retardant encapsulation layer used in this invention is used to limit the volatilization of perfluorohexanone at room temperature and to form a release channel under high temperature conditions, so that the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is released to the fire source area.

[0021] (4) Considering the relatively low vaporization temperature of perfluorohexanone (around 48°C), the elastic buffer layer used in this invention provides a closed buffer space for the endothermic vaporization of perfluorohexanone, preventing it from escaping during the relatively low-temperature stage. Furthermore, to ensure the autonomous fire extinguishing function of perfluorohexanone during endothermic vaporization, the elastic buffer layer used in this invention is made of rubber material, which will be thermally eroded under thermal runaway conditions such as those of lithium batteries to form release channels, promoting the endothermic vaporization and escape of perfluorohexanone, thus achieving the autonomous fire extinguishing function.

[0022] (5) Among the auxiliary components used in this invention, lanthanum oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide can work together with oxidants to adsorb and fix acidic gases such as HF; zirconium oxide and yttrium oxide can enhance the heat resistance stability of the carbon layer; iron oxide, manganese oxide and copper oxide can provide redox catalytic sites to promote the further conversion of some harmful or combustible gases such as CO and H2 into CO2 and H2O.

[0023] (6) The self-extinguishing fire material prepared by the present invention can achieve the self-extinguishing effect in the application of building fire prevention, thermal runaway protection of new energy batteries, fire prevention of electrical equipment and / or fire extinguishing in confined spaces.

[0024] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the autonomous fire extinguishing material prepared in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front view of the self-extinguishing fire material prepared in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 3 The image shows a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the carbon layer formed after the autonomous fire extinguishing material prepared in Example 1 has extinguished the fire autonomously.

[0029] Figure 4 The image shows a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the carbon layer formed after the autonomous fire extinguishing material prepared in Example 2 has extinguished the fire.

[0030] The following are the symbols and their meanings: 1. Porous flame-retardant foam material; 2. Flame-retardant encapsulation layer; 3. Elastic buffer layer; 4. Anti-corrosion and moisture-proof layer. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] See Figures 1-2 A method for preparing an autonomous fire extinguishing material, comprising: Step S1: Mix 10-25 (specifically 15) parts by weight of oxidant, 65-89 (specifically 70) parts by weight of perfluorohexanone, 2-15 (specifically 5) parts by weight of adhesive, and 1-5 (specifically 1.5) parts by weight of emulsifier to obtain a fire extinguishing slurry; the oxidant is nano-sized cerium oxide (specifically, cerium oxide product with model number HR-CS-JC-080 produced by Hunan Huirui Materials Technology Co., Ltd.) and lanthanum cerium oxide (specifically, lanthanum cerium oxide product with model number HR-LS-JC-080 produced by Hunan Huirui Materials Technology Co., Ltd.), and the mass ratio of the two is 1:1.5; Step S2: The fire extinguishing slurry is uniformly coated onto the porous flame-retardant foam material to obtain a fire extinguishing functional layer; wherein, the coating temperature is controlled to be ≤30℃ and the coating speed is controlled to be 6m / min. Step S3: On the outside of the fire extinguishing functional layer, from the inside to the outside, a flame-retardant encapsulation layer 2, an elastic buffer layer 3, and an anti-corrosion and moisture-proof layer 4 are sequentially wrapped (specifically, a conventional wrapping) to obtain the self-extinguishing material.

[0034] The particle size of the cerium oxide is no greater than 950 (specifically 100) nm; the particle size of the lanthanum cerium oxide is no greater than 950 (specifically 200) nm.

[0035] The porous flame-retardant foam material 1 has a porosity of 50%~98% (specifically 95%) and a density of 5~50 (specifically 8.5) kg / m³. 3 The thickness is 0.5~50 (specifically 2) mm.

[0036] The porous flame-retardant foam material 1 includes at least one of melamine foam, polyurethane flame-retardant foam, silicone rubber foam, phenolic foam, ceramicized foam, aramid fiber foam, and glass fiber reinforced foam, with melamine foam being the specific material selected.

[0037] The flame-retardant encapsulation layer 2 includes at least one of aluminum-plastic composite film, silicone rubber film, fluororubber film, polyimide film, fiberglass cloth composite film, and ceramicized silicone rubber film, with aluminum-plastic composite film being the most specific choice. The elastic buffer layer 3 includes at least one of natural rubber, fluororubber, silicone rubber and EPDM rubber, specifically fluororubber; The anti-corrosion and moisture-proof layer 4 includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, specifically polypropylene, which has the functions of impact resistance, corrosion resistance, moisture resistance and waterproofing.

[0038] The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol; The emulsifier includes at least one of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, specifically sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] Unlike Example 1, an auxiliary agent was also used, which included at least one of nano-sized lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, and copper oxide, specifically zinc oxide; the mass ratio of the oxidant to the auxiliary agent was less than or equal to 9:1 (the specific mass ratio was 5:1).

[0041] Comparative Example 1: Unlike Example 1, the oxidant was in the form of 11 parts by mass (the mass ratio of cerium oxide to lanthanum oxide was 1:1.5), and the perfluorohexanone was in the form of 35 parts by mass.

[0042] Comparative Example 2: Unlike Example 1, the oxidant had a mass fraction of 0 parts and the perfluorohexanone had a mass fraction of 35 parts.

[0043] Comparative Example 3: Unlike Example 1, the oxidant and perfluorohexanone were present in 0 parts by mass.

[0044] The self-extinguishing materials prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were cut into samples with dimensions of 165mm × 190mm × 3.5mm, and then installed on the inner wall of a lithium battery box. The test space was a closed space; the overcharge load test conditions were 48 volts and 20A; the observation time was 2 hours. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1 Test Results

[0046] As shown in Table 1, compared to Comparative Examples 2-3, the self-extinguishing fire-fighting materials prepared in Examples 1-2 of this invention not only do not ignite, but also significantly prolong the smoke emission time. The reason for this is: The autonomous fire extinguishing materials prepared in Examples 1 and 2 all incorporated appropriate amounts of perfluorohexanone and an oxidizer. These two components synergistically capture and consume combustion free radicals, achieving autonomous fire extinguishing. Under overcharge conditions, they not only did not ignite but also significantly prolonged the smoke emission time. In Comparative Example 2, no oxidizer was used, and in Comparative Example 3, neither perfluorohexanone nor an oxidizer was used. The autonomous fire extinguishing materials prepared from these two components ignited, and the ignition time was very short. This indicates that incorporating appropriate amounts of perfluorohexanone and an oxidizer is crucial for achieving autonomous fire extinguishing.

[0047] Compared to Comparative Example 1, the self-extinguishing fire-fighting materials prepared in Examples 1-2 of this invention can significantly prolong the smoke emission time. The reason is as follows: The autonomous fire extinguishing materials prepared in Examples 1 and 2 all incorporated appropriate amounts of perfluorohexanone and an oxidizer. These two components synergistically capture and consume combustion free radicals, achieving autonomous fire extinguishing functionality. Under overcharge conditions, they significantly prolonged the smoke emission time. However, the autonomous fire extinguishing material prepared in Comparative Example 1 used too low a dosage of perfluorohexanone, resulting in a decrease in its synergistic ability with the oxidizer to capture and consume combustion free radicals, thus reducing its autonomous fire extinguishing function and significantly shortening the smoke emission time under overcharge conditions.

[0048] Depend on Figures 3-4 It is known that the self-extinguishing materials prepared by Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention can form a char layer after self-extinguishing.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an autonomous fire extinguishing material, characterized in that, The self-extinguishing material comprises the following raw material components: oxidant, perfluorohexanone, adhesive, and emulsifier; the oxidant includes nano-sized cerium oxide and lanthanum cerium oxide. The oxidant is present in a mass fraction of 10-25 parts, the perfluorohexanone in a mass fraction of 65-89 parts, the adhesive in a mass fraction of 2-15 parts, and the emulsifier in a mass fraction of 1-5 parts; in the oxidant, the mass ratio of cerium oxide to lanthanum oxide is 1:1-15. The particle size of the cerium oxide is no greater than 950 nm; The particle size of the lanthanum oxide cerium oxide is no greater than 950 nm; The preparation method of the autonomous fire extinguishing material includes: Step S1: Mix the required mass parts of the oxidant, perfluorohexanone, adhesive, and emulsifier to obtain the fire extinguishing slurry; Step S2: The fire extinguishing slurry is evenly coated onto the porous flame-retardant foam material to obtain a fire extinguishing functional layer; Step S3: From the inside to the outside, a flame-retardant encapsulation layer, an elastic buffer layer, and an anti-corrosion and moisture-proof layer are sequentially wrapped around the outside of the fire extinguishing functional layer to obtain the self-extinguishing material.

2. The method for preparing the autonomous fire extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The porous flame-retardant foam material has a porosity of 50%~98% and a density of 5~50 kg / m³. 3 The thickness is 0.5~50mm; The coating temperature is controlled at ≤30℃, and the coating speed is controlled at 1~20m / min.

3. The method for preparing the autonomous fire extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The porous flame-retardant foam material includes at least one of melamine foam, polyurethane flame-retardant foam, silicone rubber foam, phenolic foam, ceramicized foam, aramid fiber foam, and glass fiber reinforced foam.

4. The method for preparing the autonomous fire extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flame-retardant encapsulation layer includes at least one of aluminum-plastic composite film, silicone rubber film, fluororubber film, polyimide film, fiberglass cloth composite film, and ceramicized silicone rubber film; The elastic buffer layer includes at least one of natural rubber, fluororubber, silicone rubber and EPDM rubber; The anti-corrosion and moisture-proof layer includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene.

5. The method for preparing the autonomous fire extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive includes polyvinyl alcohol; The emulsifier includes at least one of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

6. The method for preparing the autonomous fire extinguishing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes additives; the additives include at least one of nano-sized lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, and copper oxide; the mass ratio of the oxidant to the additive is less than or equal to 9:1.

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