Tunneling control method and advanced geological prediction seismic source tooling matched with TBM

Abstract

This invention discloses an advanced geological prediction seismic source fixture adapted to TBM and a tunnel excavation control method, including a mounting frame and a guide rail assembly, a slide rail platform, and a propulsion drive device installed inside the mounting frame. The mounting frame comprises multiple protective plates connected in sequence to form a shell structure, with TBM connecting components fixedly mounted on the outer side of the protective plates. The guide rail assembly is fixedly mounted inside the mounting frame, and the slide rail platform for fixing the mechanical seismic source is movably mounted on the guide rail assembly. The propulsion drive device is driven to drive the slide rail platform. This invention uses a slide rail platform to support the mechanical seismic source, utilizes the movement of the mechanical seismic source on the guide rail assembly to drive the mechanical seismic source to translate, and coordinates with the propulsion drive device to directly drive the slide rail platform carrying the mechanical seismic source to translate. This enables adjustment of the seismic source position while improving the load-bearing stability of the mechanical seismic source, ensuring stable contact between the mechanical seismic source and the tunnel wall, and improving the reliability of advanced geological prediction data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, and in particular to an advanced geological prediction seismic source tool adapted to TBM and a tunnel boring machine control method using the advanced geological prediction seismic source tool adapted to TBM. Background Technology

[0002] A full-face hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) is used in tunnel excavation. Advanced geological forecasting is often employed to identify unfavorable geological formations ahead of the tunnel, ensuring construction safety. Currently, the main methods used in tunnel excavation for advanced geological forecasting include seismic wave methods and electromagnetic wave methods. The seismic source excitation device is independent of the TBM and is typically installed on the cutterhead or shield area of ​​the TBM via a seismic source mounting device.

[0003] The main problems with mounting seismic source excitation devices on TBMs are as follows: 1. Some seismic source mounting devices need to be customized for specific TBM models, requiring permanent modifications such as welding or bolting to the main structure of the TBM. These modifications are costly, complex, and difficult to remove and reuse after modification. 2. Externally mounted seismic source devices have a loose structure, requiring extensive pre-construction preparation work in the narrow and harsh construction environment of tunnels, which consumes construction cycle time and has low deployment efficiency. 3. The position of the seismic source depends on manual adjustment, which has low accuracy and efficiency. Exposed components are easily damaged by rock debris impacts, affecting the continuity and accuracy of forecast data. 4. The seismic source mounting devices have poor versatility, cannot be quickly adapted to different models or projects of TBMs, and have a low reuse rate.

[0004] Patent application CN106772565A discloses a mounting device and method for a TBM seismic wave advance prediction instrument. The mounting device includes a seismic wave exciter mounting device and a seismic wave detector mounting device. The seismic wave exciter mounting device includes a base mounted on a slide rail arranged along the tunnel axis. The base is connected to a first driving mechanism, which drives the base to move along the slide rail. The first driving mechanism is connected to a controller. The exciter is mounted at the end of a robotic arm, the other end of which is mounted on the base. The base moves along the slide rail under the drive of the first driving mechanism, enabling the exciter to excite at different cross-sections. The robotic arm is connected to a second driving mechanism, which adjusts the angle between the exciter and the tunnel wall to ensure the excitation effect. Both the first and second driving mechanisms are connected to the controller. The technical solution of this invention mainly uses a robotic arm to install the vibration exciter, and the movement of the base on the slide rail drives the robotic arm with the vibration exciter installed to move. When the robotic arm moves the vibration exciter, it moves in multiple directions. Therefore, the vibration exciter itself has the problem of being fixed and unstable. In addition, the vibration of the vibration exciter itself and the tunneling work of the TBM will exert a strong force on the robotic arm, which may damage the robotic arm that needs to move freely, and further affect the stability of the vibration exciter. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an advanced geological prediction seismic source tooling that is adapted to TBM and can improve the stability of mechanical seismic sources mounted on TBMs.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: an advanced geological prediction seismic source fixture adapted to TBM, including a mounting frame and a guide rail assembly, a slide rail platform, and a propulsion drive device installed inside the mounting frame; the mounting frame includes multiple protective plates connected in sequence to form a shell structure, and a TBM connecting component is fixedly installed on the outside of the protective plates; the guide rail assembly is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame, and the slide rail platform for fixing the mechanical seismic source is movably installed on the guide rail assembly, and the propulsion drive device is driven to drive the slide rail platform. This invention uses a slide rail platform to support the mechanical seismic source, utilizes the movement of the mechanical seismic source on the guide rail assembly to drive the mechanical seismic source to move horizontally, and coordinates with the propulsion drive device to directly drive the slide rail platform carrying the mechanical seismic source to move horizontally, which can achieve adjustment of the seismic source position while improving the load-bearing stability of the mechanical seismic source, ensuring the stable contact state between the mechanical seismic source and the tunnel wall, and improving the reliability of advanced geological prediction data; this invention forms an integral protective shell for the mechanical seismic source through the mounting frame, so that the mechanical seismic source is embedded in the mounting frame, achieving full protection of the mechanical seismic source, solving the problem that traditional external seismic sources are susceptible to tunnel rockfalls, This invention addresses the problem of damage caused by rock debris collisions, effectively extending the service life of the equipment. Through TBM connecting components mounted on the mounting frame, the entire tooling can be directly assembled at different positions on the TBM. By using different types of TBM connecting components, it eliminates the need for direct modification of the TBM's main structure, enabling compatibility with various TBM models and reducing equipment modification and usage costs. Furthermore, this invention integrates the guide rail assembly, slide rail platform, and propulsion drive equipment within the mounting frame, resulting in a compact overall structure that allows for complete disassembly, assembly, and transport, thereby reducing on-site assembly procedures and improving pre-construction deployment efficiency.

[0007] As an improvement to the above solution: the guide rail assembly includes two guide rails respectively disposed on both sides of the slide rail platform. Each guide rail has a limiting groove with its opening horizontally facing the slide rail platform. A main roller adapted to the limiting groove is disposed at the bottom of the slide rail platform. The limiting groove forms a limiting engagement with the main roller from the outside, above, and below. This invention, through the engagement of the limiting groove of the guide rail with the main roller on the slide rail platform, achieves multi-directional limiting of the main roller, thereby constraining the vertical and lateral displacement of the slide rail platform, preventing swaying or deviation during movement, and ensuring smooth linear movement of the slide rail platform along the guide rail, thus significantly improving the accuracy of the movement trajectory. This invention, through the engagement of the limiting groove of the guide rail with the main roller of the slide rail platform, also serves a guiding and load-bearing function, ensuring uniform force distribution, reducing wear on the rollers and guide rails, and improving the overall operational stability and service life of the tooling. This invention ensures that the mechanical seismic source maintains its posture during movement, always accurately aligning with the detection position, further improving the continuity and accuracy of advanced geological prediction data.

[0008] As an improvement to the above solution, it also includes auxiliary rollers installed on the slide rail platform, which form a limiting engagement with the guide rail from the outside. This invention, by setting up a dual limiting system with the main rollers, strengthens the lateral limiting constraint effect on the slide rail platform, effectively preventing lateral movement. Even under complex working conditions such as tunnel vibration and uneven rock stress, this invention can still ensure the accurate running trajectory of the slide rail platform, adapting to the harsh working environment of tunnel excavation sites. By using auxiliary rollers to share the lateral force of the main rollers, this invention improves the roller stress conditions, reduces the occurrence of jamming, abnormal noise, and other faults, thereby improving the smoothness of equipment operation.

[0009] As an improvement to the above solution: the guide rail assembly further includes a guide rail connecting plate detachably connected between the mounting frame and the guide rail, with one guide rail connecting plate at each end of the guide rail; the guide rail connecting plate consists of a connecting part and limiting parts located at both ends of the connecting part, the limiting parts being formed by bending the ends of the connecting part; the connecting part is detachably connected to the mounting frame and the guide rail by fasteners, and the limiting parts form a limiting fit with the guide rail from the outside. This invention, through the limiting parts at both ends of the guide rail connecting plate, limits the guide rail from the outside, preventing the guide rail from shifting under the influence of mechanical vibration force and tunneling working force, effectively improving the robustness of the guide rail assembly; this invention, by setting the guide rail connecting plate, achieves modular disassembly and assembly of the guide rail assembly, facilitating individual inspection and replacement of components, and reducing the difficulty of later maintenance.

[0010] As an improvement to the above solution: a front support seat and a rear mounting baffle are fixedly installed on the slide rail platform; the front support seat is equipped with a clamping structure, which supports and clamps the front end of the mechanical vibrating source; the rear mounting baffle includes a mounting plate located behind the mechanical vibrating source and limiting baffles located on both sides of the mechanical vibrating source, which fixes the rear end of the mechanical vibrating source and forms a limiting fit with the mechanical vibrating source from the rear and sides. This invention, through the cooperation of the front support seat and the rear mounting baffle, forms limiting and zoned fixation for the front and rear ends of the mechanical vibrating source, effectively improving installation stability while effectively buffering the vibration impact generated during tunnel excavation, protecting the mechanical vibrating source body and its connecting structure; the cooperation of the front support seat and the rear mounting baffle in this invention achieves an integrated design of positioning and clamping, making positioning simple and disassembly convenient during mechanical vibrating source installation and fixing, and balancing the fixing strength of the mechanical vibrating source with on-site operation efficiency.

[0011] As an improvement to the above solution: the propulsion drive device is a propulsion cylinder; a propulsion lug is fixedly installed on the slide rail platform, and a cylinder lug is fixedly installed on the mounting frame; the output end of the propulsion cylinder is detachably connected to the propulsion lug, and the fixed end of the propulsion cylinder is detachably connected to the cylinder lug. In this invention, the propulsion drive device can adopt an electric linear module, a hydraulic motor, and a screw mechanism, with the propulsion cylinder being the preferred option. This is because the propulsion cylinder has the advantages of large driving force and stable operation, and can accurately control the extension stroke and thrust, stably adjusting the contact pressure between the mechanical vibration source and the tunnel wall. This invention achieves the drive connection between the propulsion cylinder and the slide rail platform, and the fixation of the propulsion cylinder on the mounting frame by setting the propulsion lug and cylinder lug, which facilitates the rapid assembly and disassembly of the propulsion cylinder, improves the convenience of equipment operation and maintenance, and ensures that the connection points between the propulsion cylinder, the slide rail platform, and the mounting frame are reasonably stressed and reliably transmitted, meeting the needs of long-term continuous tunneling and exploration operations.

[0012] As an improvement to the above solution: the mounting frame further includes reinforcing ribs that are sequentially and fixedly connected to the multiple protective plates constituting the mounting frame; lifting lugs are also fixedly installed on the mounting frame. This invention improves the overall structural strength and rigidity of the mounting frame by providing reinforcing ribs, effectively resisting external impacts within the tunnel, preventing deformation of the mounting frame, and ensuring the assembly accuracy and operational safety of the internal components. The lifting lugs also meet the needs of overall hoisting, transportation, and disassembly displacement of the tooling, solving the problem of difficult manual handling and improving the convenience of tooling assembly, disassembly, and transportation.

[0013] This invention also discloses a tunnel excavation control method using the above-mentioned advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Fix the tooling to the TBM's support shoe, link the propulsion drive equipment, mechanical vibrator and TBM's body control system, read the support shoe position and tunnel wall contour data, calibrate the initial positioning of the mechanical vibrator, make the vibrator center coincide with the detection baseline, calibrate the movement trajectory of the slide rail platform, correct the guide deviation of the slide rail platform, and take the forward and backward movement direction of the mechanical vibrator as the target direction. Step 2: Combine the TBM's preset tunneling speed and surrounding rock type, the preset propulsion rate of the propulsion drive equipment, and the excitation frequency and amplitude of the mechanical vibration source, and store the preset parameters in the collaborative control host as the basis for regulation. Step 3: Receive the tunneling speed signal of the TBM in real time. When the TBM is tunneling normally, the mechanical vibration source retracts to the preset position. When the TBM stops, the mechanical vibration source continues to vibrate at the preset frequency. After completing the advanced geological prediction, it immediately returns to the original position. Step 4: Use tilt sensors and displacement sensors installed on the mounting frame to capture the overall attitude of the tooling and the offset of the slide rail platform in real time. Combine this with the TBM's body attitude adjustment signal to fine-tune the drive displacement of the propulsion drive equipment and correct the offset of the slide rail platform in different directions. Step 5: Simultaneously collect the working parameters of the mechanical vibration source, the attitude data of the tooling, and the tunneling parameters of the TBM, and transmit them to the background processing module for fusion calculation. Based on the analysis results, optimize the control parameters and generate an adaptive control model that is adapted to different tooling. Step 6: The processed geological forecast data is fed back to the TBM's machine control system in real time. The operator uses the processed data as a basis to adjust the tunneling speed and formulate support plans, store historical data and optimization parameters, and build a working condition parameter library.

[0014] This invention, through a preliminary positioning and calibration step, corrects the guiding deviation of the slide rail platform, unifies the mechanical seismic source detection benchmark, and eliminates positioning errors caused by equipment operation, ensuring detection accuracy from the source. It presets working parameters based on tunneling speed and surrounding rock type, achieving accurate matching between detection parameters and tunneling conditions, avoiding detection failures caused by parameter rigidity, and adapting to different geological conditions. This invention automatically switches the working state of the mechanical seismic source by distinguishing between tunneling and shutdown conditions, retracting for protection during tunneling and conducting detection during shutdown, ensuring that tunneling and geological prediction do not interfere with each other, improving overall construction efficiency. This invention uses tilt and displacement sensors to monitor the tooling posture in real time, dynamically correcting offsets and achieving adaptive adjustment of the operating posture, capable of coping with TBM posture changes and surrounding rock deformation during tunneling. This invention feeds back geological data to the TBM control system in real time, guiding adjustments to tunneling speed and support schemes, achieving advanced prediction to guide on-site construction, fully leveraging the foresight and practical value of geological prediction, and simultaneously constructing a working condition parameter database to provide data reference for subsequent similar tunnel construction.

[0015] As an improvement to the above solution: when abnormal conditions occur during tunneling, coordinated emergency handling shall be carried out; if the abnormal condition is due to equipment malfunction, the power supply of the mechanical vibration source shall be cut off, a warning signal shall be sent to the control system and a shutdown shall be recommended, and the mechanical vibration source shall be retracted into the mounting frame by the propulsion drive equipment; if the abnormal condition is due to geological anomalies, after receiving the emergency shutdown signal from the TBM, the mechanical vibration source shall be retracted into the mounting frame by the propulsion drive equipment and the slide rail platform shall be locked. After the geological anomalies are eliminated, the calibration procedure shall be re-executed, and the operation shall be resumed only after the parameters are confirmed to be correct.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention uses a sliding rail platform to support the mechanical seismic source. The movement of the mechanical seismic source on the guide rail assembly drives its translation. Furthermore, a propulsion drive device directly drives the sliding rail platform carrying the mechanical seismic source for translation. This allows for adjustment of the seismic source's position while improving the load-bearing stability of the mechanical seismic source, ensuring stable contact between the mechanical seismic source and the tunnel wall, and enhancing the reliability of advanced geological prediction data. This invention uses standardized, detachable mounting frames and connecting components, eliminating the need to modify the TBM main body and allowing for rapid adaptation to different TBM models, significantly reducing equipment investment and modification costs. This invention integrates the tooling and mechanical seismic source into a single unit, effectively reducing on-site handling and assembly steps, enabling rapid disassembly and deployment in the confined space of a tunnel, and improving operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM and the mechanical source after assembly; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM and the mechanical source after assembly. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail assembly. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slide rail platform.

[0018] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 100-Mounting frame, 110-Protective plate, 120-TBM connecting component, 130-Cylinder lug, 140-Reinforcing rib, 150-Lifting lug, 200-Guide rail assembly, 210-Guide rail, 220-Guide rail connecting plate, 300-Slide rail platform, 310-Main roller, 320-Auxiliary roller, 330-Front support seat, 340-Rear mounting baffle, 350-Propulsion lug, 400-Propulsion drive equipment, 500-Mechanical vibration source. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "inner", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the advanced geological prediction source fixture adapted to TBM disclosed in this invention includes a mounting frame 100, a guide rail assembly 200, a slide rail platform 300, and a propulsion drive device 400. The guide rail assembly 200, the slide rail platform 300, and the propulsion drive device 400 are all installed inside the mounting frame 100. The slide rail platform 300 is used to support the mechanical source 500. The slide rail platform 300 can move on the guide rail assembly 200 to drive the mechanical source 500 it supports to move synchronously. The propulsion drive device 400 is used to drive the slide rail platform 300 to move.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the mounting frame 100 is a shell structure composed of multiple protective plates 110. The protective plates 110 are welded together sequentially, forming a protective shell outside the mechanical vibration source 500. A TBM connecting component 120 is installed and fixed on the outside of the protective plates 110, allowing the entire mounting frame 100 to be fixedly connected to the TBM. The TBM connecting component 120 is fixed to the protective plates 110 of the mounting frame 100 using bolt connections and can be connected to different parts of the TBM via bolt connections. This enables modular, rapid assembly and disassembly of the entire tooling structure and allows for multi-position adaptation, quickly adapting to different TBM models without modifying the main structure of the TBM. In addition to bolt connections, the TBM connecting component 120 can also use snap-fit ​​connections, magnetic fixing connections, or hydraulic clamping methods. Bolt connections are preferred due to their simplicity and ease of assembly and disassembly.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, reinforcing ribs 140 and lifting lugs 150 can also be added to the mounting frame 100. The reinforcing ribs 140 are sequentially and fixedly connected to the multiple protective plates 110 that make up the mounting frame 100, and the reinforcing ribs 140 are welded and fixed to the front and rear ends of the protective plates 110. The lifting lugs 150 are welded and fixed to the protective plate 110 located at the top of the mounting frame 100.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the guide rail assembly 200 includes two guide rails 210, which are fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 100. The two guide rails 210 are spaced apart so that they are located on both sides of the slide rail platform 300. Limiting grooves are provided on the opposite surfaces of the guide rails 210, with the openings of the limiting grooves facing horizontally towards the slide rail platform 300. Main rollers 310 are installed at the bottom of the slide rail platform 300, and the main rollers 310 are adapted to the limiting grooves of the guide rails 210, providing a rolling track for the main rollers 310 via the guide rails 210. At least two main rollers 310 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the slide rail platform 300, and the main rollers 310 are embedded in the corresponding limiting grooves of the guide rails 210. The limiting grooves and the main rollers 310 form multiple limiting engagements, ensuring stable movement of the slide rail platform 300 along the guide rails 210 and constraining the vertical movement of the slide rail platform 300. Auxiliary rollers 320 are also provided on the slide rail platform 300, with one auxiliary roller 320 at each of the four corners of the slide rail platform 300. The size of the auxiliary rollers 320 is smaller than that of the main rollers 310. The auxiliary rollers 320 form a limiting engagement with the guide rail 210 from the outside of the guide rail 210 to limit the movement of the slide rail platform 300 in the left and right directions. Through the cooperation of the guide rail 210, the main rollers 310 and the auxiliary rollers 320, the present invention enables the slide rail platform 300 to move stably along the guide rail 210, while ensuring the accuracy of the movement trajectory of the slide rail platform 300, thereby ensuring the accurate and controllable movement trajectory of the mechanical vibration source 500 carried on the slide rail platform 300.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention drives the slide rail platform 300 to move via a propulsion drive device 400. The propulsion drive device 400 is mounted and fixed on the mounting frame 100 and is drivenly connected to the slide rail platform 300. The propulsion drive device 400 in this invention can be an electric linear module, a hydraulic motor, or a lead screw mechanism, with a propulsion cylinder being the preferred option. When assembling the propulsion cylinder, a propulsion lug 350 is fixedly installed on the slide rail platform 300, and a cylinder lug 130 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 100. The output end of the propulsion cylinder is detachably connected to the propulsion lug 350, and the fixed end of the propulsion cylinder is detachably connected to the cylinder lug 130. The propulsion cylinder drives the slide rail platform 300 to move through the extension and retraction of its output end.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in this invention, the guide rail 210 of the guide rail assembly 200 is fixed to the mounting frame 100 via guide rail connecting plates 220. A guide rail connecting plate 220 is connected to each of the front and rear ends of the guide rail 210. The guide rail connecting plate 220 consists of a connecting portion and limiting portions located at both ends of the connecting portion. The connecting portion of the guide rail connecting plate 220 has a strip-shaped structure, and the limiting portions are formed by bending the ends of the connecting portion. The connecting portion is detachably connected to the mounting frame 100 and the guide rail 210 via anti-loosening bolt assemblies. The limiting portions abut against the outer surface of the guide rail 210, forming a limiting fit with the guide rail 210 from the outside.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the slide rail platform 300 of this invention is fixedly equipped with a front support base 330 and a rear mounting baffle 340. The front support base 330 is equipped with a clamping structure, which provides auxiliary support to the front end of the mechanical vibrator 500 and clamps and fixes the front end of the mechanical vibrator 500 through the clamping structure. The rear mounting baffle 340 includes a mounting plate located behind the mechanical vibrator 500 and limiting baffles located on both sides of the mechanical vibrator 500. The rear mounting baffle 340 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the mechanical vibrator 500 through the mounting plate, thereby fixing the mechanical vibrator 500 onto the slide rail platform 300. The rear mounting baffle 340 forms a limiting engagement with the mechanical vibrator 500 from the rear and sides through the limiting baffles.

[0028] When using the aforementioned TBM-compatible advanced geological prediction source fixture equipped with a mechanical seismic source for advanced geological prediction work, the following procedure shall be followed: S1. After fixing the entire tooling mounting frame 100 onto the TBM, check the firmness of the connection, connect the power and control lines, connect the propulsion cylinder and connect it to the control host; debug the equipment to ensure accurate signals and smooth operation of each component, and complete the preparation work.

[0029] S2. Start the control host and propulsion cylinder. The output end of the propulsion cylinder extends and drives the mechanical vibration source 500 fixed on the slide rail platform 300 to approach the tunnel wall. Real-time monitoring of pressure and distance data is performed. After reaching the set value, the propulsion cylinder is locked.

[0030] S3. Start the mechanical seismic source 500 and excite it at the preset frequency. Keep the mechanical seismic source 500 in stable contact with the rock strata of the tunnel wall and start the exploration. Feed back the exploration data to the TBM system to guide the operation until the geological prediction of the preset section is completed.

[0031] S4. Turn off the mechanical vibration source 500 and various sensors. Drive the slide rail platform 300 by pushing the hydraulic cylinder to move and move the mechanical vibration source 500 back into the mounting frame 100. The mounting frame 100 provides protection for the mechanical vibration source 500 to avoid external damage.

[0032] S5. Repeat steps S2 to S4 above until the geological forecasting work is completed.

[0033] The tunnel boring control method disclosed in this invention, which utilizes advanced geological prediction source equipment adapted to TBM as described above, includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the tooling to the support shoe of the TBM, link the propulsion drive device 400, the mechanical vibrating source 500 and the TBM's body control system, read the support shoe position and tunnel wall contour data, calibrate the initial positioning of the mechanical vibrating source 500 so that the center of the vibrating source coincides with the detection baseline, calibrate the movement trajectory of the slide rail platform 300, correct the guiding deviation of the slide rail platform 300, and take the forward and backward movement direction of the mechanical vibrating source 500 as the target direction.

[0034] Step 2: Combine the TBM's preset tunneling speed and surrounding rock type, the preset propulsion rate of the propulsion drive device 400, and the excitation frequency and amplitude of the mechanical vibration source 500, and store the preset parameters in the collaborative control host as the basis for regulation.

[0035] Step 3: Receive the tunneling speed signal of the TBM in real time. When the TBM is tunneling normally, the mechanical vibration source 500 retracts to the preset position. When the TBM stops, the mechanical vibration source 500 continues to vibrate at the preset frequency. After completing the advanced geological prediction, it immediately returns to its original position.

[0036] Step 4: The overall attitude of the tooling and the offset of the slide rail platform 300 are captured in real time by the tilt sensor and displacement sensor set on the mounting frame 100. Combined with the body attitude adjustment signal of the TBM, the drive displacement of the propulsion drive device 400 is finely adjusted to correct the offset of the slide rail platform 300 in different positions.

[0037] Step 5: Simultaneously collect the working parameters of the mechanical seismic source 500, the attitude data of the tooling, and the tunneling parameters of the TBM, and transmit them to the background processing module for fusion calculation. Based on the analysis results, optimize the control parameters and generate an adaptive control model that is adapted to different tooling.

[0038] Step 6: The processed geological forecast data is fed back to the TBM's machine control system in real time. The operator uses the processed data as a basis to adjust the tunneling speed and formulate support plans, store historical data and optimization parameters, and build a working condition parameter library.

[0039] In case of abnormal conditions during tunneling, coordinated emergency handling shall be carried out. If the abnormal condition is due to equipment malfunction, the power supply of the mechanical vibrating source 500 shall be cut off, a warning signal shall be sent to the control system and a shutdown shall be recommended. At the same time, the mechanical vibrating source 500 shall be retracted into the mounting frame 100 by the propulsion drive device 400. If the abnormal condition is due to geological anomalies, after receiving the emergency shutdown signal from the TBM, the mechanical vibrating source 500 shall be retracted into the mounting frame 100 by the propulsion drive device 400 and the slide rail platform 300 shall be locked. After the geological anomalies are eliminated, the calibration procedure shall be re-executed, and the operation shall be resumed only after the parameters are confirmed to be correct.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments; therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention; thus, if these modifications and variations of this invention fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM, characterized in that: The system includes a mounting frame (100) and a guide rail assembly (200), a slide rail platform (300), and a propulsion drive device (400) installed inside the mounting frame (100). The mounting frame (100) includes multiple protective plates (110) connected in sequence to form a shell structure. A TBM connecting component (120) is fixedly installed on the outside of the protective plate (110). The guide rail assembly (200) is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame (100). The slide rail platform (300) for fixing the mechanical vibration source (500) can be translatably installed on the guide rail assembly (200). The propulsion drive device (400) is drivenly connected to the slide rail platform (300).

2. The advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail assembly (200) includes two guide rails (210) respectively disposed on both sides of the slide rail platform (300). The guide rails (210) are provided with limiting grooves with their openings facing the slide rail platform (300) horizontally. The bottom of the slide rail platform (300) is provided with a main roller (310) that is adapted to the limiting groove. The limiting groove forms a limiting fit with the main roller (310) from the outside, above and below.

3. The advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary roller (320) set on the slide rail platform (300), which forms a limiting engagement with the guide rail (210) from the outside of the guide rail (210).

4. The advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rail assembly (200) also includes a guide rail connecting plate (220) detachably connected between the mounting frame (100) and the guide rail (210). A guide rail connecting plate (220) is provided at each end of the guide rail (210). The guide rail connecting plate (220) consists of a connecting part and a limiting part located at both ends of the connecting part. The limiting part is formed by bending the ends of the connecting part. The connecting part is detachably connected to the mounting frame (100) and the guide rail (210) by fasteners. The limiting part forms a limiting fit with the guide rail (210) from the outside of the guide rail (210).

5. The advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail platform (300) is fixedly provided with a front support seat (330) and a rear mounting baffle (340); the front support seat (330) is provided with a clamp structure, and the front support seat (330) is used to support and clamp the front end of the mechanical vibration source (500); The rear mounting baffle (340) includes a mounting plate located behind the mechanical vibrating source (500) and limiting baffles located on both sides of the mechanical vibrating source (500). The rear mounting baffle (340) is used to fix the rear end of the mechanical vibrating source (500) and form a limiting engagement with the mechanical vibrating source (500) from the rear and sides of the mechanical vibrating source (500).

6. The advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The propulsion drive device (400) is a propulsion cylinder; a propulsion ear plate (350) is fixedly installed on the slide rail platform (300), and a cylinder ear plate (130) is fixedly installed on the mounting frame (100); the output end of the propulsion cylinder is detachably connected to the propulsion ear plate (350), and the fixed end of the propulsion cylinder is detachably connected to the cylinder ear plate (130).

7. The advanced geological prediction source tooling adapted to TBM as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (100) also includes reinforcing ribs (140) that are sequentially fixedly connected to a plurality of protective plates (110) that make up the mounting frame (100); and lifting lugs (150) are also fixedly provided on the mounting frame (100).

8. A tunnel excavation control method, employing the advanced geological prediction seismic source tooling adapted to TBM as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the tooling to the support shoe of the TBM, link the propulsion drive device (400), the mechanical vibration source (500) and the TBM body control system, read the support shoe position and tunnel wall contour data, calibrate the initial positioning of the mechanical vibration source (500) so that the center of the vibration source coincides with the detection baseline, calibrate the movement trajectory of the slide rail platform (300), correct the guide deviation of the slide rail platform (300), and take the forward and backward movement direction of the mechanical vibration source (500) as the target direction; Step 2: Combine the TBM's preset tunneling speed and surrounding rock type, preset the propulsion rate of the propulsion drive device (400) and the excitation frequency and amplitude of the mechanical vibration source (500), and store the preset parameters in the collaborative control host as the basis for regulation. Step 3: Receive the tunneling speed signal of the TBM in real time. When the TBM is tunneling normally, the mechanical vibration source (500) retracts to the preset position. When the TBM stops, the mechanical vibration source (500) continues to vibrate at the preset frequency. After completing the advanced geological prediction, it immediately returns to the original position. Step 4: The overall attitude of the tooling and the offset of the slide rail platform (300) are captured in real time by the tilt sensor and displacement sensor set on the mounting frame (100). Combined with the body attitude adjustment signal of the TBM, the drive displacement of the propulsion drive device (400) is finely adjusted to correct the offset of the slide rail platform (300) in different directions. Step 5: Simultaneously collect the working parameters of the mechanical seismic source (500), the attitude data of the tooling, and the tunneling parameters of the TBM, and transmit them to the background processing module for fusion calculation. Based on the analysis results, optimize the control parameters and generate an adaptive control model that is adapted to different tooling. Step 6: The processed geological forecast data is fed back to the TBM's machine control system in real time. The operator uses the processed data as a basis to adjust the tunneling speed and formulate support plans, store historical data and optimization parameters, and build a working condition parameter library.

9. The tunnel excavation control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that: When abnormal conditions occur during tunneling, coordinated emergency handling shall be carried out. If the abnormal condition is equipment abnormality, the power supply of the mechanical vibration source (500) shall be cut off, a warning signal shall be sent to the control system and a shutdown shall be recommended. At the same time, the mechanical vibration source (500) shall be retracted into the mounting frame (100) by the propulsion drive equipment (400). If the abnormal condition is geological abnormality, after receiving the emergency shutdown signal of the TBM, the mechanical vibration source (500) shall be retracted into the mounting frame (100) by the propulsion drive equipment (400) and the slide rail platform (300) shall be locked. After the geological abnormality is eliminated, the calibration procedure shall be re-executed, and the operation shall be resumed after confirming that the parameters are correct.

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