A scratch tester for high temperature vacuum environmental testing of coating adhesion

Abstract

The present application provides a scratch tester for testing the coating adhesion in high-temperature vacuum environment, which can realize the scratch test in high-temperature vacuum environment, ensure that the coating of the test piece is not oxidized at high temperature, and observe the scratch morphology on the test piece after the test. The scratch tester comprises a whole machine box and a vacuum module, a heating module, a loading module and an observation module installed on the whole machine box; the vacuum module is used for providing the required vacuum environment for the test; the heating module is used for heating the test piece to the required temperature for the test; the loading module is used for applying the required load for the test to the test piece at the loading position; and the observation module is used for observing the scratch morphology on the surface of the test piece after the scratch test at the observation position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a scratch detection and observation device, specifically to an instrument for detecting and observing the bonding strength of a workpiece surface coating under high temperature and vacuum conditions, belonging to the field of surface coating bonding strength detection technology. Background Technology

[0002] Coating adhesion strength is a core indicator for evaluating the reliability of protective, functional, and decorative coating systems. In aerospace, nuclear power equipment, and semiconductor devices, coatings often operate in extreme high-temperature and vacuum coupled environments. Under these conditions, the coating / substrate interface is prone to adhesion failure due to thermal stress mismatch and interfacial diffusion. Accurately quantifying coating adhesion strength in high-temperature vacuum environments is of great engineering significance for material life prediction and failure prevention.

[0003] Scratch testing is widely recognized as a standard method for characterizing coating adhesion due to its intuitive principle and high degree of quantification. It involves using a rigid indenter to scratch the coating surface with a constant or increasing load, monitoring abrupt changes in the coefficient of friction, acoustic emission signals, or morphological characteristics, and using a critical load Lc to characterize the adhesion strength.

[0004] However, conventional scratch testing equipment is only suitable for ambient temperature and pressure environments. During high-temperature testing, the open structure can cause coating oxidation during the heating process, reducing the bonding strength with the substrate, especially for metallic coatings, as illustrated in CN116973205A's "A High-Temperature Scratch Instrument for Long Strokes." Furthermore, insufficient vacuum exacerbates gas adsorption, reducing interfacial energy and causing the measured critical load Lc value to deviate significantly from actual operating conditions. Therefore, to accurately test the bonding strength of the coating / substrate interface in a high-temperature and vacuum coupled environment, a scratch detection and observation device capable of conducting scratch tests under high-temperature and vacuum conditions needs to be designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a scratch tester for testing the adhesion of coatings in a high-temperature vacuum environment, which can perform scratch tests in a high-temperature vacuum environment, ensuring that the coating of the specimen will not oxidize at high temperature, and observe the scratch morphology on the specimen after the test.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a scratch tester for testing the adhesion of coatings in a high-temperature vacuum environment, comprising: a complete machine housing and a vacuum module, a heating module, a loading module and an observation module installed on the complete machine housing;

[0007] The vacuum module is used to provide the vacuum environment required for the test, so that the scratch test and observation are carried out in a vacuum.

[0008] The heating module is used to heat the specimen to the temperature required for the test.

[0009] The loading module is used to apply the load required for the test to the specimen at the loading position;

[0010] The observation module is used to observe the surface scratch morphology of the specimen after the scratch test is performed at the observation location;

[0011] The heating module includes a high-temperature chamber, which comprises a left high-temperature chamber and a right high-temperature chamber. The right high-temperature chamber is opened and closed under the drive of a right high-temperature chamber drive platform. The specimen is installed inside the left high-temperature chamber, which moves between the observation position and the loading position under the drive of the left high-temperature chamber drive platform.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the vacuum module includes: a vacuum pumping system and a vacuum chamber;

[0013] The vacuum chamber includes a main vacuum chamber, a loading component chamber, and an observation component chamber; the vacuum pumping system is used to pump the vacuum chamber, so that the main vacuum chamber, the loading component chamber, and the observation component chamber are all in a vacuum state during the test;

[0014] The loading component chamber and the observation component chamber are arranged side by side on one side of the main vacuum chamber. The loading component chamber is connected to the main vacuum chamber by a loading hole, which is used for the loading rod of the loading module to extend into for scratch testing. The observation component chamber is connected to the main vacuum chamber by an observation hole, which is used for the observer of the observation module to extend into for observing the scratch morphology on the surface of the specimen after the scratch test.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the heating module is disposed in the main vacuum chamber and includes: a high-temperature chamber, a heating wire assembly, a fixed thermocouple, an adjustable thermocouple, a specimen clamp, and a specimen driving platform;

[0016] The left and right halves of the high-temperature chamber are joined together to form the high-temperature chamber body.

[0017] The heating wire assembly includes several heating wires arranged on the inner wall of the right half of the high-temperature chamber;

[0018] The specimen clamp for holding the specimen is installed on the specimen driving platform; the specimen driving platform is installed in the left half of the high temperature chamber, and the specimen driving platform is used to drive the specimen clamp to move up and down in the high temperature chamber to realize the movement of the specimen in the scratch direction for scratch testing.

[0019] The fixed thermocouple is used to monitor the temperature inside the high-temperature chamber, and the adjustable thermocouple is used to monitor the surface temperature of the test piece.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat insulation protective cover for the test specimen driving platform is provided around the test specimen driving platform.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the loading module is disposed in the loading component cavity and includes: a loading rod, a scribing needle, a rigid heat insulation mechanism, and a loading component driving platform;

[0022] The loading rod is horizontally positioned and includes a front loading rod and a rear loading rod; the front loading rod and the rear loading rod are connected by a rigid heat insulation mechanism.

[0023] The scribe line is mounted on the front loading rod; the rear loading rod is connected to the normal force sensor via a connecting flange; the normal force sensor is hinged to the hinge support, which is mounted on the loading assembly drive platform. The loading assembly drive platform drives the loading rod to move horizontally, extending the loading rod through the loading hole to complete the loading of the specimen.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the rigid heat insulation mechanism includes an alloy ring, an alloy block, and a spring sheet;

[0025] The two alloy rings are respectively connected to the rear end of the front loading rod and the front end of the rear loading rod; the spring plate is disposed between the two alloy rings;

[0026] Several alloy blocks are arranged circumferentially between the alloy ring at the front end and the spring plate, and between the alloy ring at the rear end and the spring plate.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the loading module further includes a loading rod straightening device;

[0028] The loading rod straightening device includes: a loading rod hanging ring, a guide seat, a guide beam, a left support seat for the guide beam, and a right support seat for the guide beam support beam;

[0029] The loading rod hanging ring is sleeved on the outside of the rigid heat insulation mechanism and locked; the left support seat of the guide beam and the right support seat of the guide beam are vertically installed opposite each other in the loading component cavity, the front loading rod passes through the round hole in the middle of the left support seat of the guide beam, and the rear loading rod passes through the round hole in the middle of the right support seat of the guide beam;

[0030] The guide beam is installed on the upper part between the left support seat of the guide beam and the right support seat of the guide beam; the guide seat is supported on the guide beam and slides with the guide beam.

[0031] A tangential force sensor is installed in the guide seat. The hook on the upper part of the loading rod ring extends into and is limited in the guide seat. At the same time, the upper surface of the loading rod ring hook contacts the tangential force sensor to measure the tangential force when scratching. The lower surface of the loading rod ring is fastened to the guide seat to balance the weight of the loading rod itself.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the observation module is disposed in the observation component chamber and includes: an observer, an observer support base and an observation component drive platform;

[0033] The observer is mounted on an observer support, which is mounted on the observation component drive platform. When the observer is mounted on the observation support, the observation component drive platform drives the observer to move horizontally so that the lens can be inserted into the main vacuum chamber through the observation hole to collect the surface scratch morphology of the specimen.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a cooling module, which includes a circulating water cooling system and a cooling water flow channel;

[0035] Both the left and right high-temperature chambers are equipped with cooling water channels. The outlet of the circulating water cooling system is connected to the cooling water inlet on the left and right high-temperature chambers, respectively, and the inlet of the circulating water cooling system is connected to the cooling water outlet on the left and right high-temperature chambers, respectively.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, thermocouples for temperature monitoring in the corresponding chambers are provided in the main vacuum chamber, the loading component chamber, and the observation component chamber.

[0037] Beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) The scratch tester for testing coating adhesion in a high-temperature vacuum environment of the present invention can perform scratch tests in a high-temperature vacuum environment, ensuring that the coating of the test piece will not oxidize at high temperature.

[0039] (2) The present invention integrates an observation module for scratch morphology observation; after the scratch test is completed and cooled in a vacuum environment, the sample is moved to the observation position in the vacuum chamber and the sample is observed by an observer (such as an optical microscope) to realize the collection of scratch morphology in a vacuum environment and ensure the authenticity of the original scratch morphology observation.

[0040] (3) The present invention has a cooling water channel in the high temperature chamber. Through the circulating water cooling system, the heat loss inside the high temperature chamber can be effectively reduced, ensuring that the key components in the vacuum chamber work within a safe temperature range. The cooling module can also quickly cool the high temperature chamber after the test, so as to facilitate the subsequent observation of the surface scratch morphology of the specimen.

[0041] (4) The present invention has a rigid heat insulation mechanism in the loading rod, which can block the heat in the high temperature chamber from being transferred to other components through the loading rod, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of other loading components.

[0042] (5) In this invention, the specimen and the specimen driving platform are arranged vertically, and the loading rod is arranged horizontally. During the scratch test, the loading rod applies the load in a horizontal manner, and the specimen moves from bottom to top with the driving platform. During the scratching process, when the coating on the surface of the specimen is scratched by the scratching needle, the generated debris falls off due to its own gravity and will not affect the subsequent scratching. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the scratch instrument of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the scratch instrument of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating module in the scratch instrument of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heating module exploding.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the loading component in the scratch instrument of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 A diagram illustrating another perspective of the loaded component;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the observation module in the scratch instrument of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing another perspective of the observation module;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rigid heat insulation mechanism in the scratch instrument of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drive platform for the left half of the high-temperature chamber;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the drive platform for the right half of the high-temperature chamber;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the specimen driving platform in the scratch instrument of the present invention.

[0055] Wherein: 1-Complete enclosure, 101-Left door of enclosure, 102-Observation window of left door, 103-Observation component chamber, 104-Main vacuum chamber, 105-Loading component chamber, 106-Main vacuum chamber sealing bellows mounting position, 107-Motor mounting position of left half high temperature chamber drive platform, 108-Motor mounting position of right half high temperature chamber drive platform, 109-Motor mounting position of right half high temperature chamber drive platform, 110-Motor mounting position of loading component chamber sealing bellows, 111-Motor mounting position of loading component drive platform, 112-Motor mounting position of observation chamber sealing bellows, 113-Motor mounting position of observation component drive platform, 114-Observation window of right door, 115-Right door of enclosure, 116-Control cabinet support frame;

[0056] 2-Thermocouple of the main vacuum chamber; 3-Thermocouple of the observation chamber;

[0057] 4-Heating module; 401-Left half high-temperature chamber; 402-Right half high-temperature chamber; 403-Left half high-temperature chamber outlet; 404-Left half high-temperature chamber inlet; 405-Right half high-temperature chamber inlet; 406-Right half high-temperature chamber outlet; 407-Heat insulation cover on drive platform; 408-Front heat insulation plate on drive platform; 409-Lower heat insulation cover on drive platform; 410-Lower heating wire; 411-Fixed thermocouple; 412-Specimen; 413-Front heating wire; 414-Rear heating wire; 415-Adjustable thermocouple; 416-Clamping body; 417-Specimen locking bolt; 418-Upper heating wire; 419-Rear heat insulation plate on drive platform;

[0058] 5-Loading cavity thermocouple;

[0059] 6-Left half high temperature chamber drive platform, 601-First motor, 602-First coupling, 603-First lower bearing, 604-First slider, 605-First lead screw nut, 606-First moving table, 607-First slide rail, 608-First lead screw, 609-First upper bearing, 610-First bearing support seat;

[0060] 7-Specimen drive platform, 701-Second motor, 702-Second coupling, 703-Second lower bearing, 704-Second lead screw, 705-Second slider, 706-Second lead screw nut, 707-Second moving table, 708-Second slide rail, 709-Second upper bearing, 710-Second bearing support seat;

[0061] 8-Thermocouple under the main vacuum chamber; 9-Sealed bellows of the main vacuum chamber; 10-Vacuum pumping system; 11-Circulating water cooling system;

[0062] 12-Right half high temperature chamber drive platform, 1201-Third slider, 1202-Third slide rail, 1203-Third lead screw nut, 1204-Third lead screw, 1205-Left lead screw bearing, 1206-Right lead screw bearing, 1207-Third coupling, 1208-Third motor;

[0063] 13-Right half high temperature chamber sealing bellows;

[0064] 14-Loading component drive platform, 1401-Fourth slide rail, 1402-Fourth slider, 1403-Fourth moving stage, 1404-Fourth lead screw, 1405-Fourth bearing, 1406-Fourth coupling, 1407-Fourth motor;

[0065] 15-Loading component chamber sealing bellows;

[0066] 16-Loading assembly, 1601-Loading rod fixing hinge support, 1602-Hinge pin, 1603-Loading rod fixing hinge, 1604-Normal force sensor, 1605-Connecting flange, 1606-Rear loading rod, 1607-Front loading rod, 1608-Scibing needle, 1609-Scibing needle locking bolt;

[0067] 17-Rigid thermal insulation mechanism, 1701-Spring sheet, 1702-Alloy block, 1703-Alloy ring;

[0068] 18-Straightening component, 1801-Hanging ring, 1802-Tangential force sensor, 1803-Guide seat, 1804-Guide beam, 1805-Left support seat of guide beam, 1806-Loading rod locking bolt, 1807-Right support seat of cylindrical guide beam;

[0069] 19-Observation component drive platform, 1901-Screw support seat, 1902-Fifth slide rail, 1903-Fifth slider, 1904-Fifth moving stage, 1905-Fifth screw, 1906-Fifth bearing, 1907-Fifth coupling, 1908-Fifth motor;

[0070] 20 - Sealed bellows for observation chamber; 21 - Observation module; 2101 - Observer support base; 2102 - Observer;

[0071] 22-Control cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0073] This embodiment provides a scratch tester for testing the adhesion of coatings in a high-temperature vacuum environment. This scratch tester combines the actual needs of high-temperature and vacuum environment adhesion testing, integrates high-temperature and vacuum systems, and adds an observation device. It can conduct scratch tests in a high-temperature vacuum environment and observe and collect scratch morphology data.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, the scratch instrument includes: a main body 1, a heating module 4, an observation module 21, a vacuum system 10, a cooling module, a loading module, a left half high-temperature chamber drive platform 6, a right half high-temperature chamber drive platform 12, a specimen drive platform 7, a loading component drive platform 14, an observation component drive platform 19, and a control cabinet 22.

[0075] The main housing 1 provides the vacuum chamber and supports the various components; such as Figure 2 As shown, the main housing 1 includes: a main vacuum chamber 104, a loading component chamber 105, and an observation component chamber 103 (these three chambers are collectively referred to as vacuum chambers). The main vacuum chamber 104, the loading component chamber 105, and the observation component chamber 103 are all in a vacuum state during the test.

[0076] The loading component chamber 105 houses the loading component 16. An opening (loading hole) is formed between the loading component chamber 105 and the main vacuum chamber 104, allowing the loading rod of the loading component 16 to extend into the main vacuum chamber 105 for scratch testing. The observation component chamber 103 houses the observation module 21. An opening (observation hole) is formed between the observation component chamber 103 and the main vacuum chamber 104, allowing the lens of the observation module 21 to extend into the main vacuum chamber 105 for scratch morphology observation. After the loading component 16 and the observation module 21 are installed, the loading component chamber 105 and the observation component chamber 103 are sealed with a front cover plate.

[0077] The upper part of the main vacuum chamber 104 is equipped with a main vacuum chamber thermocouple 2 and the lower part of the main vacuum chamber thermocouple 8, respectively, for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the main vacuum chamber 104; the loading component chamber 105 is equipped with a loading chamber thermocouple 5, for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the loading component chamber 105; the observation component chamber 103 is equipped with an observation chamber thermocouple 3, for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the observation component chamber 103; to prevent the internal temperature of the chamber from being too high and damaging the component.

[0078] As an example, the overall enclosure 1 is divided into upper and lower layers, with the upper layer further divided into left and right spaces. The left side of the upper layer is the main vacuum chamber 104, which is closed by the left door 101 (which is also the main vacuum chamber door). The left door 101 has a left observation window 102. The right side of the upper layer houses the loading component chamber 105 and the observation component chamber 103, respectively. The right side of the upper layer of the overall enclosure 1 is closed by the right door 115, which has a right observation window 114. In this example, the loading component chamber 105 and the observation component chamber 103 are integrally cast with the main vacuum chamber 105 on its left side (i.e., the loading component chamber 105 and the observation component chamber 103 are integrally cast on the outer surface of the right end of the main vacuum chamber 105). Considering that these two chambers are in a cantilevered state, support frames are provided below both the loading component chamber 105 and the observation component chamber 103.

[0079] To allow the lead screws of each drive platform to pass through, drive holes are provided at corresponding positions on the housing. These drive holes are all sealed using vacuum bellows. Specifically, as shown below... Figure 2 As shown, the main vacuum chamber 104 has a main vacuum chamber sealing bellows mounting position 106 and a left half high temperature chamber drive platform motor mounting position 107 on its lower side; the loading component chamber 105 has a right half high temperature chamber drive platform sealing bellows mounting position 108 and a right half high temperature chamber drive platform motor mounting position 109 on its lower side; the loading component chamber 105 has a loading component chamber sealing bellows mounting position 110 and a loading component drive platform motor mounting position 111 on its right side; and the observation component chamber 103 has an observation chamber sealing bellows mounting position 112 and an observation component drive platform motor mounting position 113 on its right side.

[0080] Heating module 4 is located inside the main vacuum chamber 104 and is used to heat the specimen to the required test temperature. The heating module includes a high-temperature chamber, heating wire, thermocouple, specimen clamp, specimen driving platform, and a heat insulation protective cover for the specimen driving platform. The high-temperature chamber is equipped with cooling water channels to reduce heat leakage (i.e., reduce heat leakage from the high-temperature chamber to the vacuum chamber) and for cooling after the test. The heating wire is responsible for radiant heating of the specimen clamped in the specimen clamp. The thermocouple is used to detect the temperature inside the high-temperature chamber and the surface temperature of the specimen. The specimen clamp is installed on the specimen driving platform and moves along the scratch direction with the specimen driving platform to complete the scratch test. The heat insulation protective cover for the specimen driving platform is used to protect the components of the specimen driving platform from the high temperature of the test.

[0081] As an example, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the heating module 4 includes: a left half high-temperature chamber 401, a right half high-temperature chamber 402, a specimen driving platform 7, a heat insulation protective cover for the specimen driving platform, a specimen clamp, a heating wire assembly, and a thermocouple assembly. The heating wire assembly includes: an upper heating wire 418, a lower heating wire 410, a front heating wire 413, and a rear heating wire 414; the thermocouple assembly includes: a fixed thermocouple 411 and an adjustable thermocouple 415.

[0082] The left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 and the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 are joined together to form a high-temperature chamber body; cooling water channels are provided on the walls of both the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 and the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402, and cooling water inlets are respectively provided in the lower part of the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 and the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 (e.g., Figure 3 The left half of the high-temperature tank has a water inlet 404, and the right half has a water inlet 405. Cooling water outlets (e.g., ...) are located at the top of each tank. Figure 3 The high-temperature chamber 402 has a left half outlet 403 and a right half outlet 406. The left half outlet 404 is connected to the left half outlet 403 via a cooling water channel, and the right half outlet 405 is connected to the right outlet 406 via a cooling water channel. The right half outlet 402 has a hole for inserting a loading rod into the high-temperature chamber for scratch testing.

[0083] The four heating wires in the heating wire assembly (upper heating wire 418, lower heating wire 410, front heating wire 413 and rear heating wire 414) are respectively installed on the upper and lower, and front and rear sides of the inner wall of the right half of the high temperature chamber 402.

[0084] A specimen driving platform 7 is installed inside the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401, and a specimen clamp is installed on the right end face of the moving stage 707 of the specimen driving platform 7. Thus, after the specimen is installed on the specimen clamp and the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 and the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 are connected, the specimen is located inside the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402. The specimen is heated by heating wires arranged on the inner wall of the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 surrounding the specimen.

[0085] As an example, the specimen fixture includes a fixture body 416 and a locking bolt 417. The fixture body 416 is used to hold the specimen, and the locking bolt 417 is used to lock the specimen onto the fixture body 416. Figure 4 As shown, the lower end of the clamping body 416 has a lower limit boss for limiting the lower end face of the specimen, and the upper end face of the specimen is abutted by the locking bolt 417.

[0086] An adjustable thermocouple 415 and a fixed thermocouple 411 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the clamping body 416; the fixed thermocouple 411 is used to monitor the temperature inside the high-temperature chamber, and the adjustable thermocouple 415 is used to monitor the surface temperature of the test specimen. The adjustable thermocouple 415 means that its monitoring position is adjustable, such as by using a telescopic or flexible type, so that the position of its end can be adjusted to monitor the temperature at different locations on the test specimen.

[0087] The test specimen driving platform 7 is covered by a heat insulation protective cover. As an example, the heat insulation protective cover includes: a heat insulation protective sleeve 407 on the driving platform, a front heat insulation protective plate 408 on the driving platform, a lower heat insulation protective sleeve 409 on the driving platform, and a rear heat insulation protective plate 419 on the driving platform. The heat insulation protective sleeve 407 on the driving platform and the lower heat insulation protective sleeve 409 on the driving platform are stacked and retractable. The heat insulation protective sleeve 407 on the driving platform is installed on the upper part of the test specimen driving platform 7, with its upper end (small end) connected to the left half of the high-temperature chamber and its lower end (large end) installed on the clamping body 416. The lower heat insulation protective sleeve 409 on the driving platform is installed on the lower part of the test specimen driving platform 7, with its lower end (small end) connected to the left half of the high-temperature chamber and its upper end (large end) installed on the clamping body 416. The front and rear sides of the specimen driving platform 7 are respectively provided with a front heat insulation plate 408 and a rear heat insulation plate 419. The upper ends of the front heat insulation plate 408 and the rear heat insulation plate 419 are respectively connected to the heat insulation protective sleeve 407 on the driving platform, and the lower ends are respectively connected to the lower heat insulation protective sleeve 409 on the driving platform. At the same time, the middle part of the front heat insulation plate 408 and the rear heat insulation plate 419 is connected to the second moving stage 707 of the specimen driving platform 7. Thus, a complete heat insulation protective cover for the specimen driving platform is formed to protect the components in the specimen driving platform 7.

[0088] The loading module is located within the loading assembly chamber 105 and is used to apply the load required for the test to the specimen. The loading module includes a loading assembly 16, a straightening assembly 18, and a loading assembly drive platform 14. The loading assembly 16 provides a loading rod with a rigid heat insulation mechanism in the middle to prevent the high temperature of the test from being transmitted to components such as sensors through the loading rod. One end of the loading rod is connected to the loading assembly drive platform 14 via a fixed hinge, and the other end is fitted with a scribing needle. The loading rod is moved by the loading assembly drive platform 14 to apply the loading force. The straightening assembly 18 is responsible for straightening the loading rod and balancing its own weight.

[0089] Specifically, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the loading module includes: a loading component 16, a loading component drive platform 14, a rigid heat insulation mechanism 17, and a straightening component 18. The loading component 16 includes: a scribing needle 1608, a front loading rod 1607, a rear loading rod 1606, a connecting flange 1605, a normal force sensor 1603, a tangential force sensor 1802, a loading rod fixing hinge 1602, and a loading rod fixing hinge support 1601; that is, in this example, the loading rod includes a front loading rod 1607 and a rear loading rod 1606; the front loading rod 1607 and the rear loading rod 1606 are connected by the rigid heat insulation mechanism 17. The scribing needle 1608 is mounted on the front end of the front loading rod 1607 via a locking bolt 1609. The rear end of the rear loading rod 1606 is connected to the normal force sensor 1604 via a connecting flange 1605. The normal force sensor 1604 is connected to the hinge support 1601 via a loading rod fixing hinge 1603 (i.e., the loading rod fixing hinge 1603 is connected to the hinge support 1601 via a hinge pin 1602). The hinge support 1601 is mounted on the moving stage 1403 of the loading assembly drive platform 14. The loading rod is moved left and right by the loading assembly drive platform 14 to apply load to the specimen. The normal force sensor 1604 is responsible for collecting the magnitude of the normal force during the loading process.

[0090] like Figure 9 As shown, the rigid heat insulation mechanism 17 is disposed between the front loading rod 1607 and the rear loading rod 1606, and includes: two alloy rings 1703, eight alloy blocks 1702, and two spring plates 1701; the two alloy rings 1703 are respectively connected to the rear end of the front loading rod 1607 and the front end of the rear loading rod 1606; the two spring plates 1701 are connected together to form a spring plate group, which is disposed between the two alloy rings 1703; four alloy blocks 1702 are disposed between the front alloy ring 1703 and the spring plate group and between the rear alloy ring 1703 and the spring plate group, and the four alloy blocks 1702 are evenly spaced circumferentially. Finally, the spring plates 1701, alloy blocks 1702, and alloy rings 1703 are connected and locked together by eight bolts; the alloy rings 1703, alloy blocks 1702, and spring plates 1701 separate the front loading rod 1607 and the rear loading rod 1606, thereby achieving the effect of heat insulation.

[0091] The straightening assembly 18 includes: a loading rod hanging ring 1801, a locking bolt 1806, a guide seat 1803, a guide beam 1804, a left support seat for the guide beam 1805, and a right support seat for the guide beam support beam 1807; wherein the loading rod hanging ring 1801 is fitted onto the alloy ring 1703 at the right end of the rigid heat insulation mechanism 17 and locked with the locking bolt 1806; the left support seat for the guide beam 1805 and the right support seat for the guide beam support beam 1807 are vertically installed opposite each other in the loading assembly cavity, the front loading rod 1607 passes through the round hole in the middle of the left support seat for the guide beam 1805 (the two are in a sliding fit), and the rear loading rod 1606 passes through the round hole in the middle of the right support seat for the guide beam support beam 1807 (the two are in a sliding fit). The guide beam 1804 is installed on the upper part between the left support seat 1805 and the right support seat 1807 of the guide beam; the guide seat 1803 is supported on the guide beam 1804 and slides with the guide beam 1804; the tangential force sensor 1802 is installed in the guide seat 1803; the hook on the upper part of the loading rod hanging ring 1801 extends into and is limited in the guide seat 1803; at the same time, the upper surface of the hook of the loading rod hanging ring 1801 contacts the tangential force sensor 1802 to measure the tangential force when scratching; the lower surface of the hook is fastened to the guide seat 1803 to balance the weight of the loading rod itself.

[0092] The loading component driving platform 14 is used to drive the loading component 16 to move left and right; as an example, the loading component driving platform 14 adopts a motor-driven screw transmission mechanism to convert the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion, thereby driving the loading component 16 to move. Figure 5As shown, the loading component drive platform 14 includes: a fourth motor 1407, a fourth slide rail 1401, a fourth slider 1402, a fourth lead screw 1404, and a fourth moving stage 1403; wherein the fourth motor 1407 is located outside the loading component chamber 105, and the rest are located inside the loading component chamber 105. The fourth motor 1407 is mounted on the motor mounting position 111 of the loading component drive platform; the fourth lead screw 1404 is located inside the loading component chamber 105, with one end passing through the loading component chamber 105 (supported by a fourth bearing 1405 at the point of passage) and connected to the power output shaft of the fourth motor 1407 via a fourth coupling 1406, for driving the fourth lead screw 1404 to rotate around its own axis. The loading component chamber sealing bellows mounting position 110 is equipped with a loading component chamber sealing bellows 15, which is sleeved on the outside of the connection between the power output shaft of the fourth motor 1407 and the fourth lead screw 1404. One end is connected to the motor base of the fourth motor 1407, and the other end is connected to the right wall of the loading component chamber 105. The fourth slider 1402 is threadedly engaged with the fourth lead screw 1404 through a threaded hole to form a lead screw and nut drive. The fourth slider 1402 is also slidably engaged with the fourth slide rail 1401. The fourth moving platform 1403 is mounted on the upper surface of the fourth slider 1402. The loading rod fixing hinge support 1601 in the loading component 16 is mounted on the fourth moving platform 1403. Thus, when the fourth motor 1407 rotates, the lead screw and nut drive is converted into linear motion of the fourth slider 1402 along the fourth slide rail 1401, which in turn drives the loading rod to move linearly through the fourth moving platform 1403, realizing loading or unloading.

[0093] It is understandable that the loading component driving platform 14 can also adopt other linear driving structures that can drive the loading component 16 to move linearly left and right.

[0094] The observation module 21 is used to observe the morphology of the scratches on the surface of the specimen after the scratch test. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the observation module 21 is located within the observation component chamber 103 and includes: an observer 2102, an observer support 2101, and an observation component drive platform 19. The observer 2102 is mounted on the observer support 2101. During installation, the observer lens is first removed and then inserted into the observer support 2101, and then the observer lens is reattached. The observer support 2101 is mounted on the observation component drive platform 19, which is used to drive the observer support 2101 and the observer 2102 to move left and right. During observation, the observation component drive platform 19 drives the observer 2102 to extend its lens into the main vacuum chamber 104 to collect the surface scratch morphology of the specimen.

[0095] As an example, the observation component drive platform 19 adopts the same driving method as the loading component drive platform 14 described above. That is, the observation component drive platform 19 also uses a motor-driven screw transmission mechanism to convert the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion, driving the observer 2102 to move. For example... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the observation component drive platform 19 includes: a fifth motor 1908, a fifth slide rail 1902, a fifth slider 1903, a fifth lead screw 1905, and a fifth moving stage 1904; wherein the fifth motor 1908 is located outside the observation component chamber 103, and the rest are located inside the observation component chamber 103. The fifth motor 1908 is mounted on the motor mounting position 113 of the observation component drive platform; the fifth lead screw 1905 is located inside the observation component chamber 103, with one end passing through the observation component chamber 103 (supported by a fifth bearing 1906 at the point of passage) and connected to the power output shaft of the fifth motor 1908 via a fifth coupling 1907, for driving the fifth lead screw 1905 to rotate around its own axis. The observation chamber sealing bellows mounting position 112 is equipped with an observation chamber sealing bellows 20, which is fitted onto the outside of the connection between the power output shaft of the fifth motor 1908 and the fifth lead screw 1905. One end is connected to the motor base of the fifth motor 1908, and the other end is connected to the right wall of the observation component chamber 103. The fifth slider 1903 is threadedly engaged with the fifth lead screw 1905 through a threaded hole, forming a lead screw and nut drive. The fifth slider 1903 is also slidably engaged with the fifth slide rail 1902. The fifth moving stage 1904 is mounted on the upper surface of the fifth slider 1903, and the observer support 2101 in the loading module 21 is mounted on the fifth moving stage 1904. Thus, when the fifth motor 1908 rotates, the lead screw and nut drive is converted into linear motion of the fifth slider 1903 along the fifth slide rail 1902, which in turn drives the observer support 2101 to move linearly through the fifth moving stage 1904, realizing the extension or retraction of the observer 2102.

[0096] It is understandable that the observation component drive platform 19 can also adopt other linear drive structures that can drive the observer 2102 to move in a linear manner.

[0097] The specimen driving platform 7 is used to drive the specimen fixture to move up and down inside the high-temperature chamber, thereby enabling the specimen to move in the scratch direction and complete the scratch test.

[0098] As an example, the specimen driving platform 7 also employs a motor-driven screw transmission mechanism to convert the motor's rotary motion into linear motion, driving the specimen fixture to move up and down. Figure 4 and Figure 12As shown, the specimen driving platform 7 includes: a second motor 701, a second lead screw 704, a second slider 705, a second lead screw nut 706, a second moving stage 707, and a second slide rail 708. The second motor 701 is located outside the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401, while the rest are located inside the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401. The power output end of the second motor 701 is vertically positioned, and its upper end is connected to the lower end of the vertically positioned second lead screw 704 via a second coupling 702, for driving the second lead screw 704 to rotate around its own axis. The position of the second lead screw 704 extending out of the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 is supported by a second lower bearing 703. The upper end of the second lead screw 704 is supported on a second bearing support seat 710 via a second upper bearing 709. The second lead screw nut 706 is threadedly engaged with the second lead screw 704, forming a lead screw nut drive. The second moving stage 707 is connected to the second lead screw nut 706. Simultaneously, vertical second slide rails 708 are respectively provided on both sides of the second lead screw 704, and each second slide rail 708 is provided with two second sliders 705 that slide with it. The second moving stage 707 is connected to the four second sliders 705. The specimen is clamped on the specimen fixture, which is mounted on the second moving stage 707 of the specimen drive platform 7. The second motor 701 drives the second lead screw 704 to rotate, and the rotation of the lead screw drives the second lead screw nut 706 and the connected second moving stage 707 to move vertically, thereby realizing the movement of the specimen in the scratch direction and completing the scratch test.

[0099] It is understandable that the specimen driving platform 7 can also adopt other linear drive structures, as long as they can drive the specimen fixture to move up and down in a linear manner.

[0100] The left-half high-temperature chamber drive platform 6 is used to drive the left-half high-temperature chamber 401 to move between the observation position (the position corresponding to the observation component chamber 103) and the scratch position (the position corresponding to the loading component chamber 105) within the main vacuum chamber 104. It can be understood that the component directly driven by the left-half high-temperature chamber drive platform 6 is the left-half high-temperature chamber 401, but it drives the entire high-temperature chamber to move up and down within the main vacuum chamber 104.

[0101] As an example, the left high-temperature chamber drive platform 6 also uses a motor-driven screw transmission mechanism to convert the motor's rotary motion into linear motion, driving the left high-temperature chamber 401 to move up and down. Figure 1 and Figure 10As shown, the left half high-temperature chamber drive platform 6 includes: a first motor 601, a first lead screw 608, a first slider 604, a first lead screw nut 605, a first moving stage 606, and a first slide rail 607. The first motor 601 is located outside the main vacuum chamber 104, while the rest are located inside the main vacuum chamber 104. The first motor 601 is mounted on the motor mounting position 107 of the left half high-temperature chamber drive platform. The first lead screw 608 is located inside the main vacuum chamber 104 and is vertically arranged. Its lower end passes through the main vacuum chamber 104 (supported by a first lower bearing 603 at the point of penetration) and is connected to the power output shaft of the first motor 601 via a first coupling 602. The first motor 601 drives the first lead screw 608 to rotate around its own axis. The upper end of the first lead screw 608 is supported on a first bearing support seat 610 via a first upper bearing 609. The first lead screw nut 605 is threadedly engaged with the first lead screw 608, forming a lead screw and nut transmission. The first moving stage 606 is connected to the first lead screw nut 605. Simultaneously, vertical first slide rails 607 are respectively provided on both sides of the first lead screw 608, and two first sliders 604 are provided on each first slide rail 607 for sliding engagement. The first moving stage 606 is connected to the four first sliders 604. The left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 is mounted on the first moving stage 606, thereby driving the first lead screw 608 to rotate via the first motor 601. The rotation of the lead screw then drives the first lead screw nut 605 and the connected first moving stage 606 to move vertically, thus realizing the movement of the left half of the high-temperature chamber between the observation position and the scratch position within the main vacuum chamber 104.

[0102] A main vacuum chamber sealing bellows 9 is provided at the main vacuum chamber sealing bellows installation position 106. That is, the main vacuum chamber sealing bellows 9 is fitted outside the connection between the power output shaft of the first motor 601 and the first lead screw 608. One end is connected to the motor base of the first motor 601, and the other end is connected to the lower wall of the main vacuum chamber 104.

[0103] It is understandable that the left half high-temperature chamber drive platform 6 can also adopt other linear drive structures, as long as they can drive the left half high-temperature chamber 401 to move up and down in a linear manner.

[0104] The right half high temperature chamber drive platform 12 is used to realize the opening and closing of the right half high temperature chamber 402 relative to the left half high temperature chamber 401.

[0105] As an example, the right half of the high-temperature chamber drive platform 12 also uses a motor-driven screw transmission mechanism to convert the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion, driving the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 to move left and right. Figure 11As shown, the right half of the high-temperature chamber drive platform includes a third slider 1201, a third slide rail 1202, a third lead screw nut 1203, a third lead screw 1204, and a third motor 1208. The third motor 1208 is located outside the main vacuum chamber 104, while the rest are located inside the main vacuum chamber 104. The third motor 1208 is mounted on the motor mounting position 109 of the right half of the high-temperature chamber drive platform. The third lead screw 1204 is located inside the main vacuum chamber 104 and is horizontally positioned. Its right end passes through the main vacuum chamber 104 (supported by a right lead screw bearing 1206 at the point of penetration) and is connected to the power output shaft of the third motor 1208 via a third coupling 1207. The third motor 1208 drives the third lead screw 1204 to rotate around its own axis. The middle part of the third lead screw 1204 is supported by a left lead screw bearing 1205. The third lead screw nut 1203 is threadedly engaged with the third lead screw 1204, forming a lead screw and nut drive. The lower end face of the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 is connected to the third lead screw nut 1203. Simultaneously, third slide rails 1202 are respectively provided on the lateral sides of the third lead screw 1204 and the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402. The right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 slides with the third slide rails 1202 via third sliders 1201 positioned at corresponding positions. Thus, the third motor 1208 drives the third lead screw 1204 to rotate, and the rotation of the lead screw drives the third lead screw nut 1203 and the connected right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 to move left and right, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402.

[0106] A right half high temperature chamber sealing bellows 13 is provided at the right half high temperature chamber drive platform sealing bellows installation position 108. That is, the right half high temperature chamber sealing bellows 13 is fitted outside the connection between the power output shaft of the third motor 1208 and the third lead screw 1204. One end is connected to the motor base of the third motor 1208, and the other end is connected to the right wall of the main vacuum chamber 104.

[0107] It is understandable that the right half high temperature chamber drive platform 12 can also adopt other linear drive structures, as long as they can drive the right half high temperature chamber 402 to move linearly from left to right.

[0108] The aforementioned left half high-temperature chamber drive platform and right half high-temperature chamber drive platform together form the high-temperature chamber drive platform.

[0109] The vacuum system 10 and the circulating water cooling system 11 are installed on the lower layer of the main unit housing 1. The vacuum system 10 is used to remove air from the vacuum chamber (including the main vacuum chamber 104, the loading component chamber 105, and the observation component chamber 103) to create the vacuum environment required for the experiment. The vacuum system 10 and the vacuum chamber together constitute a vacuum module. The vacuum module provides the vacuum environment required for the experiment, allowing the scratch test and observation to be carried out in a vacuum. The circulating water cooling system 11 is connected to the cooling water inlet through an inlet pipe and to the cooling water outlet through an outlet pipe. The circulating water cooling system 11, together with the cooling water channels located in the left and right high-temperature chambers, constitutes a cooling module.

[0110] The control cabinet 22 is placed on the control cabinet support frame 116 on the upper right side of the main unit 1.

[0111] In the overall structure of this scratch tester: the left half high-temperature chamber drive platform 6 is vertically installed in the main vacuum chamber 104, and the left half high-temperature chamber 401 is installed on the moving platform of the left half high-temperature chamber drive platform 6; the right half high-temperature chamber drive platform 12, the loading component drive platform 14, and the observation component drive platform 19 are all horizontally installed on the right side of the main vacuum chamber 104; the specimen drive platform 7 is vertically installed on the inner wall of the left half high-temperature chamber 401. The specimen drive platform 7 is vertically arranged, and the loading rod is horizontally arranged; during the scratch test, the loading rod applies the load horizontally, and the specimen moves from bottom to top with the specimen drive platform 7. During the scratching process, when the surface coating of the specimen is scratched by the scratch needle 1608, the generated debris falls off due to its own gravity and will not affect the subsequent scratching.

[0112] The specific experimental procedure for this scratch instrument is described below:

[0113] After the specimen is installed, the vacuum module starts working, and the vacuum system 10 removes the air from the vacuum chamber to form the vacuum environment required for the test; after the scratch test is completed and the scratch morphology is observed, the vacuum module stops working.

[0114] Before the scratch test begins, the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 is positioned at the specimen installation location (also the scratch morphology observation location). Specimen 412 is placed on the fixture 416 and secured with locking bolts 417. An adjustable thermocouple 415 mounted on the fixture 416 is placed on the surface of specimen 412 to monitor the surface coating temperature data of specimen 412. A fixed thermocouple 411 mounted on the fixture 416 is used to monitor the temperature data inside the high-temperature chamber. After specimen 412 is installed, the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 moves downward to the scratch test position under the drive of the left half of the high-temperature chamber drive platform 6. Subsequently, the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402 moves to the left and closes with the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 under the drive of the right half of the high-temperature chamber drive platform 12. Four heating wires mounted on the inner wall of the right half of the high-temperature chamber radiate heat to specimen 412, providing the high-temperature environment required for the test.

[0115] In the loading assembly, the scribing needle 1608 is mounted on the front loading rod 1607 and locked with the locking bolt 1609. Driven by the loading assembly drive platform 14, the loading rod presses the scribing needle 1608 against the coating surface of the specimen 412. At the start of the scratch test, the specimen drive platform 7 drives the specimen 412 to move upwards at the required speed for the scratch test. During the scratch test, the scribing needle 1608 applies the required test load to the specimen 412. During the test, the normal force sensor 1603 monitors and collects normal force data, and the tangential force sensor monitors and collects tangential force data. The loading rod straightening device 18 keeps the loading rod in a horizontal position and balances its own weight.

[0116] During the above process, while the heating wire begins heating, the circulating water cooling system 11 introduces cooling water into the cooling water inlet at the bottom of the high-temperature chamber. After flowing through the cooling water channels inside the high-temperature chamber, the water flows out from the cooling water outlet at the top of the high-temperature chamber, thus cooling the high-temperature chamber and reducing heat loss from inside the chamber. After the scratch test, the circulating water cooling system 11 continues to operate, completing the cooling of the high-temperature chamber and the test piece.

[0117] After the scratching process is completed and the specimen has cooled, the right half of the high-temperature chamber 402, driven by the right half of the high-temperature chamber drive platform 12, separates from the left half of the high-temperature chamber. Driven by the left half of the high-temperature chamber drive platform 6, the left half of the high-temperature chamber 401 moves from the scratch test position to the observation position. Driven by the observation component drive platform 19, the observer 2102 extends its observation lens into the main vacuum chamber 104 and approaches the surface of the specimen to complete the observation and acquisition of the scratch morphology on the surface of the specimen.

[0118] Thermocouples are installed in the main vacuum chamber 104, the loading component chamber 105, and the observation component chamber 103 to monitor the temperature changes in each chamber during the test, and to prevent the temperature of each chamber from becoming too high, which would affect the safety and reliability of the operation of each component.

[0119] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A scratch tester for testing the bond strength of a high temperature vacuum environmental test coating, characterized by, include: The main unit housing (1) and the vacuum module, heating module (4), loading module and observation module (21) installed on the main unit housing (1); The vacuum module is used to provide the vacuum environment required for the test, so that the scratch test and observation are carried out in a vacuum. The heating module (4) is used to heat the specimen to the temperature required for the test; The loading module is used to apply the load required for the test to the specimen at the loading position; The observation module (21) is used to observe the surface scratch morphology of the specimen after the scratch test is performed at the observation position; the heating module (4) includes a high temperature chamber, which includes a left half high temperature chamber (401) and a right half high temperature chamber (402); the right half high temperature chamber (402) is opened and closed under the drive of the right half high temperature chamber drive platform (12); the specimen is installed in the left half high temperature chamber (401), and the left half high temperature chamber (401) is moved between the observation position and the loading position under the drive of the left half high temperature chamber drive platform (6).

2. The high temperature vacuum environmental test coating bond strength scratch tester of claim 1, wherein, The vacuum module includes: a vacuum pumping system (10) and a vacuum chamber; The vacuum chamber includes a main vacuum chamber (104), a loading component chamber (105), and an observation component chamber (103); the vacuum pumping system (10) is used to pump the vacuum chamber so that the main vacuum chamber (104), the loading component chamber (105), and the observation component chamber (103) are all in a vacuum state during the test; The loading component chamber (105) and the observation component chamber (103) are arranged side by side on one side of the main vacuum chamber (104). The loading component chamber (105) and the main vacuum chamber (104) are connected by a loading hole, which is used for the loading rod of the loading module to extend into for scratch testing. The observation component chamber (103) and the main vacuum chamber (104) are connected by an observation hole, which is used for the observer of the observation module (21) to extend into for observing the scratch morphology on the surface of the specimen after the scratch test.

3. The high temperature vacuum environmental test coating bond strength scratch tester of claim 2, wherein, The heating module (4) is located in the main vacuum chamber (104) and includes: a high-temperature chamber, a heating wire assembly, a fixed thermocouple (411), an adjustable thermocouple (415), a specimen clamp, and a specimen driving platform (7). The left half high-temperature chamber (401) and the right half high-temperature chamber (402) are joined together to form a high-temperature chamber body; The heating wire assembly includes several heating wires arranged on the inner wall of the right half of the high-temperature chamber (402); The specimen clamp for holding the specimen is installed on the specimen driving platform (7); the specimen driving platform (7) is installed in the left half of the high temperature chamber (401), and the specimen driving platform (7) is used to drive the specimen clamp to move up and down in the high temperature chamber to realize the movement of the specimen in the scratch direction for scratch testing. The fixed thermocouple (411) is used to monitor the temperature inside the high-temperature chamber, and the adjustable thermocouple (415) is used to monitor the surface temperature of the test piece.

4. The scratch tester for high temperature vacuum environmental test coating bond strength as recited in claim 3, wherein, The test specimen driving platform (7) is surrounded by a heat insulation protective cover.

5. The scratch tester for testing coating adhesion in a high-temperature vacuum environment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The loading module is disposed in the loading component chamber (105) and includes: a loading rod, a scribing needle (1608), a rigid heat insulation mechanism (17), and a loading component drive platform (14); The loading rod is horizontally arranged and includes a front loading rod (1607) and a rear loading rod (1606); the front loading rod (1607) and the rear loading rod (1606) are connected by a rigid heat insulation mechanism (17); The scribing needle (1608) is mounted on the front loading rod (1607); the rear loading rod (1606) is connected to the normal force sensor (1604) via the connecting flange (1605); the normal force sensor (1603) is hinged to the hinge support (1601), which is mounted on the loading component drive platform (14). The loading rod is driven horizontally by the loading component drive platform (14) to extend the loading rod through the loading hole to complete the loading of the specimen.

6. The high temperature vacuum environment test coating bond strength scratch tester of claim 5, wherein, The rigid heat insulation mechanism (17) includes an alloy ring (1703), an alloy block (1702), and a spring sheet (1701); The two alloy rings (1703) are respectively connected to the rear end of the front loading rod (1607) and the front end of the rear loading rod (1606); the spring plate (1701) is disposed between the two alloy rings (1703); Several alloy blocks (1702) are provided circumferentially between the front alloy ring (1703) and the spring plate, and between the rear alloy ring (1703) and the spring plate.

7. The high temperature vacuum environmental test coating bond strength scratch tester of claim 6, wherein, The loading module also includes a loading rod straightening device (18); The loading rod straightening device (18) includes: a loading rod hanging ring (1801), a guide seat (1803), a guide beam (1804), a guide beam left support seat (1805), and a guide beam support beam right support seat (1807); The loading rod hanging ring (1801) is sleeved on the outside of the rigid heat insulation mechanism (17) and locked; the left support seat (1805) of the guide beam and the right support seat (1807) of the guide beam support beam are vertically installed opposite each other in the loading component chamber (105); the front loading rod (1607) passes through the round hole in the middle of the left support seat (1805) of the guide beam, and the rear loading rod (1606) passes through the round hole in the middle of the right support seat (1807) of the guide beam support beam. The guide beam (1804) is installed on the upper part between the left support seat (1805) of the guide beam and the right support seat (1807) of the guide beam; the guide seat (1803) is supported on the guide beam (1804) and slides with the guide beam (1804); A tangential force sensor (1802) is installed in the guide seat (1803). The hook on the upper part of the loading rod hanging ring (1801) extends into and is limited in the guide seat (1803). At the same time, the upper surface of the hook of the loading rod hanging ring (1801) contacts the tangential force sensor (1802) for measuring the tangential force when scratching. The lower surface of the loading rod hanging ring (1801) is fastened to the guide seat (1803) to balance the weight of the loading rod itself.

8. The scratch tester for high temperature vacuum environmental test coating bond strength as defined in claim 2 wherein, The observation module (21) is located in the observation component chamber (103) and includes: an observer (2102), an observer support base (2101) and an observation component drive platform (19); The observer (2102) is mounted on the observer support (2101), which is mounted on the observation component drive platform (19). When the observer support (2101) is in place, the observation component drive platform (19) drives the observer (2102) to move horizontally and extend the lens through the observation hole into the main vacuum chamber (104) to collect the surface scratch morphology of the specimen.

9. The scratch tester for high temperature vacuum environmental test coating bond strength as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, It also includes a cooling module, which includes: a circulating water cooling system (10) and a cooling water flow channel; Cooling water channels are provided in both the left half high-temperature chamber (401) and the right half high-temperature chamber (402). The outlet of the circulating water cooling system (10) is connected to the cooling water inlet on the left half high-temperature chamber (401) and the right half high-temperature chamber (402), respectively. The inlet of the circulating water cooling system (10) is connected to the cooling water outlet on the left half high-temperature chamber (401) and the right half high-temperature chamber (402), respectively.

10. The scratch tester for high temperature vacuum environmental test coating bond strength as defined in claim 2 wherein, The main vacuum chamber (104), the loading component chamber (105), and the observation component chamber (103) are all equipped with thermocouples for monitoring the temperature inside their respective chambers.

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