Sunlight greenhouse phase-change material long / short-term energy storage and collaborative energy release system

Abstract

The utility model provides a sunlight greenhouse phase-change material long / short-term energy storage and synergetic energy release system which is characterized in that a phase-change wallboard is used for packaging a non-supercooling phase-change material and is attached to the inner surface of a north wall of a sunlight greenhouse; the heat storage unit is used for containing a supercooled hydrated salt phase change material; the wood ball is used for performing pulse vibration on the heat storage unit to cause solidification and energy release of the supercooled hydrated salt phase change material; the solar radiometer is used for metering solar radiation hourly; the four-wire system PT100 film platinum resistor is used for measuring indoor and outdoor temperatures, the surface temperature of the heat storage unit and the surface temperature of the phase change wallboard; the temperature data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring temperature data measured by the four-wire PT100 film platinum resistor; the hygrometer is used for measuring humidity inside and outside the sunlight greenhouse; the carbon dioxide gas analyzer is used for detecting the carbon dioxide concentration in the sunlight greenhouse; and the computer is used for recording and displaying solar radiation, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural facilities, and particularly relates to a long / short term energy storage and coordinated energy release system of phase change materials in a solar greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] Facility horticulture is an agricultural facility that improves the production and environment of agricultural products through modern agricultural machinery and modern management technology, promotes agricultural production with science and technology, and improves production quality and product output. It is an environmentally controlled agriculture with high yield, high quality and high stability as its goal. It is an agricultural industry that highly combines greenhouse engineering technology, crop planting technology and crop growth environment control technology. At present, there are three main forms of greenhouse facility horticulture. The first is the plastic greenhouse, which has the widest range of use and the highest total area; the second is the solar greenhouse, which is a greenhouse with independent intellectual property rights in my country and is widely used, especially in northern my country; the third is the multi-span greenhouse, and the building area also shows a trend of increasing year by year. Among the three types of greenhouses, the solar greenhouse has been widely used in my country, especially in the northern region, due to its good thermal insulation and heat storage performance. It is conducive to plants to successfully survive the cold winter, and its energy-saving and emission reduction effects are obvious.

[0003] In view of the characteristics of solar energy dispersion, intermittency and instability, energy storage technology is a key means to solve the mismatch between supply and demand. Energy storage technology can make full use of unstable energy, temporarily store excess heat, and release it when needed. It has broad prospects in the fields of solar thermal utilization and waste and waste heat recovery. Energy storage technology can be divided into three types according to the medium: sensible heat storage, chemical heat storage and latent heat storage. The sensible heat storage system is simple, low-cost and mature in technology, but the heat storage equipment is bulky and has certain temperature limitations; chemical heat storage has the advantages of high heat storage density, cleanliness and pollution-free, but the reaction process is complex and the technology is difficult; latent heat storage, also known as phase change storage, has the characteristics of easy material acquisition, high energy storage density, small system size, and constant temperature during energy storage and release, which can better solve the problems of sensible heat storage and chemical heat storage. Phase change materials include non-supercooled phase change materials (organic phase change materials such as paraffin wax) and supercooled phase change materials (inorganic phase change materials such as hydrated salts). Non-supercooled phase change materials can be used for short-term heat storage and release due to their large heat capacity. Supercooled hydrated salt phase change materials have a large degree of supercooling. This property can be used to achieve long-term storage with very little heat loss, which is a favorable condition for achieving cross-seasonal energy storage.

[0004] At present, in ordinary solar greenhouses, the solar radiation is strong during the day, and the air in the solar greenhouse will rise to a higher temperature due to the greenhouse effect, so it is necessary to lower the air temperature in the solar greenhouse. At night, due to the low outdoor air temperature, the air temperature in the solar greenhouse often cannot meet the needs of plant growth, and additional heating measures are required, which increases energy consumption. Therefore, the combination of non-supercooling phase change materials and supercooled hydrated salt phase change materials in the solar greenhouse can play a role in regulating the thermal environment in the solar greenhouse, making the temperature fluctuation in the solar greenhouse more gentle, meeting the overall room temperature requirements at night, and achieving significant energy-saving effects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model combines the long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release of a solar greenhouse and a phase change material. The purpose is that in summer: the supercooled hydrated salt phase change material in the heat storage unit absorbs solar radiation heat energy to melt, and then stores the phase change latent heat in a supercooled liquid state from autumn to winter; in winter: during the day, the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wallboard absorbs solar radiation heat energy to melt, and the heat is stored in the form of phase change latent heat, which reduces the temperature in the solar greenhouse; at night, the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wallboard solidifies and releases latent heat, which increases the temperature in the solar greenhouse; when the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wallboard cannot provide the heat required by the solar greenhouse at night, the wooden ball applies pulse vibration to the surface of the heat storage unit, triggering the hydrated salt phase change material to solidify and release heat, thereby increasing the temperature in the solar greenhouse. The utility model is of great significance for regulating the thermal environment in a solar greenhouse and effectively utilizing solar energy.

[0006] On the one hand, the utility model proposes a solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and coordinated energy release system, including: phase change wall panels, heat storage units, wooden balls, solar radiation meters, four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistors, temperature data acquisition instruments, hygrometers, carbon dioxide gas analyzers, and computers. The phase change wallboard is used to encapsulate non-supercooling phase change material. The utility model selects paraffin (phase change temperature 25°C) as the non-supercooling phase change material and is attached to the inner surface of the north wall of the solar greenhouse; the heat storage unit is used to contain supercooled hydrated salt phase change material. The utility model selects Na2S2O3·5H2O as the supercooled hydrated salt phase change material and is evenly placed on the ground of the solar greenhouse; the wooden ball is used to apply pulse vibration to the heat storage unit to cause the supercooled hydrated salt phase change material to solidify and release energy; the solar radiometer is used to measure solar radiation hour by hour; the four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistor is used to measure indoor and outdoor temperatures, the surface temperature of the heat storage unit and the surface temperature of the phase change wallboard; the temperature data acquisition instrument is used to collect temperature data measured by the four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistor; the hygrometer is used to measure the humidity inside and outside the solar greenhouse; the carbon dioxide gas analyzer is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the solar greenhouse; the computer is used to record and display solar radiation, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration data.

[0007] Preferably, the phase change wall panel is a rectangular aluminum shell.

[0008] Preferably, two temperature measuring points are distributed on the surface of the phase change wallboard.

[0009] Preferably, the wooden ball is a solid ball of Schima superba.

[0010] Preferably, the heat storage unit is a rounded rectangular 304 stainless steel heat storage unit with a nickel black coating on the surface.

[0011] Preferably, six temperature measuring points are distributed on the surface of the heat storage unit, wherein five temperature measuring points are distributed on the back, one at each of the four rounded corners and one in the center; and one temperature measuring point is arranged in the center of the front.

[0012] On the other hand, the utility model proposes a long / short-term energy storage and coordinated energy release system of phase change materials in a solar greenhouse, comprising: in summer: placing a heat storage unit inside the solar greenhouse at an elevated position and tilted at 45°, the supercooled hydrated salt phase change material absorbs solar radiation heat energy and melts, and then the heat storage unit is removed and laid flat on the greenhouse floor to stand to store phase change latent heat in a supercooled liquid state from autumn to winter; in winter: during the day, the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wall panel absorbs solar radiation heat energy and melts, and the heat is stored in the form of phase change latent heat, thereby lowering the temperature in the solar greenhouse; at night, the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wall panel solidifies and releases latent heat, thereby raising the temperature in the solar greenhouse; when the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wall panel cannot provide the heat required by the solar greenhouse at night, a wooden ball is used to freely fall from a height of more than 15 cm to apply pulse vibration to the surface of the heat storage unit, thereby triggering the hydrated salt phase change material to solidify and release heat, thereby raising the temperature in the solar greenhouse.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the long / short energy storage and synergistic energy release of the phase change material of the utility model solves the problem of large temperature fluctuations in the solar greenhouse and too low temperature in the solar greenhouse at night. The system of the utility model has the characteristics of easy availability of non-supercooled phase change materials and supercooled hydrated salt phase change materials, large energy storage density, small system volume, and constant temperature during energy storage and release, which can better solve the problems of sensible heat energy storage and chemical heat energy storage. The system of the utility model couples the solar greenhouse with the long / short energy storage and synergistic energy release of the phase change material, adjusts the thermal environment in the solar greenhouse, makes the temperature fluctuation in the solar greenhouse smoother, meets the overall room temperature requirements at night, and improves the efficiency of solar energy utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of a solar greenhouse;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of ground heat storage units;

[0016] Figure 3 It is the arrangement surface of each measuring point in the solar greenhouse;

[0017] Figure 4 It is the arrangement of measuring points in the section of the solar greenhouse;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of temperature measurement points of the phase change wall panel;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wooden ball pulse vibration device;

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature measurement point distribution on the front and back of the thermal storage unit;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of indoor air temperature in a greenhouse with phase change materials for long / short term energy storage and synergistic release and a common greenhouse in Beijing on January 1;

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a comparison chart of crop canopy temperatures in a phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release greenhouse and a common greenhouse in Beijing on January 1;

[0023] Fig.10 A comparison chart of soil temperature in the phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release greenhouse and an ordinary greenhouse in Beijing on January 1.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Transparent front roof 2. Back slope 3. North wall 4. Insulation layer 5. Phase change wall panels 6. Thermal storage unit 7. Wood balls DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] The utility model provides a solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system, which includes a phase change wallboard, a heat storage unit, a wooden ball, a solar radiometer, a four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistor, a temperature data acquisition instrument, a hygrometer, a carbon dioxide gas analyzer, and a computer.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a solar greenhouse, including a transparent front roof 1, a rear slope 2, a north wall 3, an insulation layer 4, a phase change wallboard 5, and a heat storage unit 6. The phase change wallboard preferably adopts a rectangular aluminum shell, which is attached to the inner surface of the north wall of the solar greenhouse. The thickness is 50mm, the weight is light, and the corrosion resistance is good. The non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wallboard is preferably paraffin (phase change temperature 25°C).

[0028] The heat storage unit is preferably a rounded rectangular heat storage unit, such as Figure 6As shown. The preferred size of the rounded rectangular heat storage unit is 600mm×400mm×20mm, the radius of the rounded corner is 10mm, and the wall material is 304 stainless steel, which has good durability under pulse vibration. The hydrated salt phase change material in the rounded rectangular heat storage unit is preferably Na2S2O3·5H2O. The heat storage unit is placed horizontally on the greenhouse floor, and the arrangement is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0029] Various measuring points are distributed in the solar greenhouse. It is preferred that the solar radiation measuring point is arranged with a solar radiometer to measure the solar radiation hourly; the temperature measuring point is arranged with a four-wire PT100 thin-film platinum resistor to measure the indoor temperature; the humidity measuring point is arranged with a hygrometer to measure the humidity inside and outside the solar greenhouse; the carbon dioxide concentration measuring point is arranged with a carbon dioxide gas analyzer to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the solar greenhouse. It is preferred that there are eight temperature and humidity measuring points, one carbon dioxide concentration measuring point and one solar radiation measuring point in the solar greenhouse. The arrangement of measuring points, such as Figure 3 As shown. The temperature measurement points on the surface of the phase change wallboard are arranged. The four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistor is used to measure the indoor temperature. It is preferred that there are two temperature measurement points on the surface of the phase change wallboard. The arrangement of the temperature measurement points is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0030] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the wooden ball pulse vibration device is shown in FIG. 6 , which includes a heat storage unit 6 and a wooden ball 7. The wooden ball is preferably a solid ball of Schima superba with a diameter of 60 mm.

[0031] The surface of the rounded thermal storage unit is distributed with temperature measuring points. It is preferred that the temperature measuring points are arranged with a four-wire PT100 thin-film platinum resistor for measuring temperature. It is preferred that six temperature measuring points are distributed on the surface of the rounded thermal storage unit. The arrangement of the temperature measuring points is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, preferably, five temperature measuring points are distributed on the back of the rounded corner thermal storage unit, with one at each of the four rounded corners and one in the center, and one temperature measuring point is arranged in the center of the front side of the rounded corner thermal storage unit.

[0032] Preferably, a computer is used to record and display solar radiation, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration data.

[0033] In the summer, the system places the heat storage unit 6 in a high and tilted position inside the solar greenhouse, and the supercooled hydrated salt phase change material absorbs the solar radiation heat and melts. Then the heat storage unit 6 is removed and laid flat on the greenhouse floor to remain stationary to store the phase change latent heat in a supercooled liquid state from autumn to winter. In the winter, during the day, solar radiation irradiates the surface of the phase change wallboard 5 through the transparent front roof 1, and the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wallboard 5 absorbs the solar radiation heat and melts. The heat is stored in the form of latent heat, which lowers the temperature in the solar greenhouse. At night, the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wallboard 5 solidifies and releases latent heat, which increases the temperature in the solar greenhouse. When the non-supercooled phase change material in the phase change wallboard 5 cannot provide the heat required by the solar greenhouse at night, the wooden ball 7 is used to apply pulse vibration from a free fall at a height of more than 15 cm to the surface of the heat storage unit 6, triggering the hydrated salt phase change material to solidify and release heat, thereby increasing the temperature in the solar greenhouse. Figure 7 As shown, under the meteorological conditions in Beijing on January 1, two heat storage units were triggered simultaneously and twice, and the temperature changes of the air, crop canopy and soil in the solar greenhouse occurred.

[0034] The utility model utilizes the characteristics of phase change materials, such as high energy storage density, small system volume, and constant temperature during energy storage and release. The solar greenhouse is coupled with phase change materials for long-term / short-term energy storage and synergistic energy release to adjust the thermal environment in the solar greenhouse, making the temperature fluctuation in the solar greenhouse smoother, meeting the overall room temperature requirements at night, and improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

[0035] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system, include: Phase change wallboard, heat storage unit, wooden ball, solar radiometer, four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistor, temperature data acquisition instrument, hygrometer, carbon dioxide gas analyzer, computer, characterized in that the phase change wallboard is used to encapsulate non-supercooled phase change material and is attached to the inner surface of the north wall of the solar greenhouse; the heat storage unit is used to contain supercooled hydrated salt phase change material; the wooden ball is used to apply pulse vibration to the thermal storage unit from a certain height of free fall, causing the supercooled hydrated salt phase change material to solidify and release energy; the solar radiometer is used to measure solar radiation hour by hour; the four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistor is used to measure indoor and outdoor temperature, surface temperature of the heat storage unit and surface temperature of the phase change wallboard; the temperature data acquisition instrument is used to collect temperature data measured by the four-wire PT100 thin film platinum resistor; the hygrometer is used to measure the humidity inside and outside the solar greenhouse; the carbon dioxide gas analyzer is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the solar greenhouse; the computer is used to record and display solar radiation, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration data.

2. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 1, Features: The phase change wall panel is a rectangular aluminum shell with a thickness of 50 mm and is attached to the north wall of the solar greenhouse.

3. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 1, Features: The non-supercooling phase change material is paraffin, and its phase change temperature is 25°C.

4. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 1, Features: The heat storage unit is a rounded rectangular heat storage unit made of 304 stainless steel, with a size of 600mm×400mm×20mm, a fillet radius of 10mm, a nickel black coating on the surface and temperature measuring points arranged on the surface.

5. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 1, Features: The supercooled hydrated salt phase change material is Na 2 S 2 O 3 ·5H 2 O.

6. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 1, Features: The wooden ball is a solid ball of safflower wood with a diameter of 60 mm and a free fall height of more than 15 cm.

7. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 1, Features: There are eight temperature and humidity measuring points, one carbon dioxide concentration measuring point and one solar radiation measuring point in the solar greenhouse.

8. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 2, Features: There are two temperature measuring points distributed on the surface of the phase change wall panel.

9. A solar greenhouse phase change material long / short term energy storage and synergistic energy release system according to claim 4, Features: Six temperature measuring points are distributed on the surface of the rounded rectangular heat storage unit, wherein five temperature measuring points are distributed on the back, one at each of the four rounded corners and one in the center; and one temperature measuring point is arranged in the center of the front.

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