Drying and heat energy conversion integrated equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses drying and heat energy conversion integrated equipment, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and energy. Comprising a material storage system, a conveying system, an air distribution system, a drying machine and a combustion system, a drying cavity of the drying machine is divided into three working cavities through a plurality of groups of upper and lower partition plates which are arranged in a staggered mode, a group of partition plates are arranged between every two adjacent working cavities, and the two partition plates in the group are connected to a top plate and a bottom plate of a shell of the drying cavity respectively. The upper partition plates and the lower partition plates are overlapped in the middles of the working cavities, a zigzag material flowing channel is formed from a feeding port to a discharging port of the drying cavity, hot air forms five vortexes in the three working cavities, and the rotor wing devices and the lower partition plates of the working cavities are installed in a matched mode and arranged at the bottoms of the working cavities respectively to stir materials. Cow dung moves from front to back in the three cavities along with hot air, the cavities are divided, the hot air forms five vortexes in the drying cavity, the standing time of the hot air in the drying machine is prolonged, the heat exchange effect is improved, and heat exchange is sufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and energy, and particularly relates to a drying and heat energy conversion integrated device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of animal husbandry and dairy industry in my country, a large amount of livestock and poultry pollutants have also been produced, leading to increasingly prominent environmental problems. Cow dung contains 10-20% crude protein, 1-3% crude fat, 20-30% nitrogen-free extract, and 15-30% crude fiber. It has high nutrients and is a good biomass resource.

[0003] The main method of treating cow dung in my country is biogas fermentation. While treating cow dung, energy products such as biogas are obtained. However, due to the high concentration of organic matter and difficult-to-degrade cellulose in cow dung, there are problems such as slow startup, long treatment cycle, low gas production, high operating costs, and secondary pollution of biogas slurry and biogas residue. From an energy perspective, cow dung combustion treatment is more advantageous than anaerobic fermentation treatment. However, due to the high ash content in cow dung and the unstable ash content and salt composition, the volatilization and precipitation are slow and not conducive to combustion. Using it as a fuel alone has high requirements for the design of the combustion furnace and poor combustion performance. Although the design and research of biomass combustion technology and burners are relatively mature, the composition of cow dung is different from that of straw and forest biomass, and their combustion characteristics are also different.

[0004] In addition, due to the high water content of cow dung, it is difficult to dry. Wet cow dung is not suitable for direct combustion. The characteristics of wet, sticky and hard lumps of materials that are difficult to dry have always restricted its use as fuel. At present, extrusion dryers, rotary kiln dryers and drum dryers are mostly used. The material is not fully exposed to high-temperature hot air, and the heat exchange efficiency is low. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides an integrated drying and heat energy conversion device.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model discloses an integrated drying and heat energy conversion device, comprising a material storage system, a conveying system, an air distribution system, a dryer and a combustion system. The conveying system is arranged at the bottom of the material storage system, the material discharge port of the material storage system is connected to the dryer, the dryer is connected to the combustion system through the air distribution system, the combustion system is connected to the dryer through a ventilation pipeline, a rotor device is arranged at the bottom of a drying chamber of the dryer, the dryer is divided into three working chambers by a plurality of groups of staggered upper and lower partitions in the drying chamber, a group of partitions is arranged between two adjacent working chambers, two partitions of one group are respectively connected to the top plate and the bottom plate of the drying chamber shell, and the upper and lower partitions are overlapped in the middle of the working chamber, the material forms a tortuous material flow channel from the material inlet to the material discharge port of the drying chamber along with the hot air, and the hot air forms five vortices inside the three working chambers.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the dryer shell is welded by two tangent arc plates, and the top of the shell is an arc plate, so that the drying chamber is an arc transition. A rotor device is respectively arranged in the two arc plates at the bottom of the shell, and the rotors arranged on the two rotor devices are staggered.

[0009] Furthermore, two parallel conveying systems are provided at the bottom of the silo of the storage system, and the corresponding conveying systems have two discharge ports corresponding to the feed ports of the dryer. The two feed ports of the dryer are located above the two rotor devices, and a material level detector is provided in the silo.

[0010] Furthermore, the air distribution system includes a cyclone separator, a blower, an induced draft fan, a feed pipe, an exhaust pipe and a dry material conveying device. The feed pipe of the cyclone separator is connected to the top discharge port of the dryer, and its exhaust pipe is connected to the induced draft fan. The induced draft fan is provided with an exhaust gas outlet. The bottom discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected to the feed port of the dry material conveying device, and the discharge port at the material end of the dry material conveying device is connected to the burner of the combustion system. The blower is connected to the burner for supplying air to the burner.

[0011] Furthermore, the overlapping length of each group of upper and lower partitions is 10-20 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the horizontal distance between each group of upper and lower partitions is 10-20 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the horizontal width ratio of the three working chambers in the dryer from the feed end to the discharge end is 2:5:3.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1. After the cow dung enters the dryer from the feed port, the mechanical movement of the rotor device placed at the bottom of each working chamber forces the wet material to be dispersed, avoiding the phenomenon of "agglomeration", so that it is in a fluidized suspension state in different drying chambers and fully in contact with the hot air. Due to the setting of the partition, the cow dung forms a tortuous material flow channel from the feed port to the discharge port of the drying chamber along with the hot air, and by dividing the cavity, the hot air forms five vortices inside the drying chamber, which prolongs the contact time between the cow dung and the hot air and strengthens the heat exchange effect.

[0016] 2. The utility model adopts a fully enclosed structure from the dryer to the combustion system, with negative pressure wind power transmission, and a compact equipment structure, which can avoid environmental pollution caused by odor, dust, etc. The equipment uses the combustion exhaust gas (i.e. high-temperature hot air) to fully exchange heat with the material, with less heat loss and low energy consumption. The heat generated by the combustion of cow dung can be used for production and life. The equipment can also be used for similar high-water and high-viscosity materials (water content <80%, low calorific value >3500kJ / kg).

[0017] 3. The drying chamber of the utility model dryer is divided based on the drying characteristics of cow dung. In the first chamber, it is the ball-forming area. The wet and cold cow dung is in direct contact with the high-temperature hot air. The heat absorbed by it is used to quickly increase its own temperature. The humidity is about 60% to 80%. After being broken up by the rotor device, it forms a spherical material with a residence time of about 0.5 minutes. Generally, the wet-bulb temperature of the material is between 45℃ and 80℃, which belongs to the preheating period and the heating and drying stage; in the second chamber, it is the debonding area. The steam inside the material after heating is much greater than the vapor pressure of the environment. The heat that continues to be absorbed is used to replace the evaporation heat, so that a large amount of water is quickly evaporated and the viscosity of the material is rapidly reduced. The humidity in this area is between 35% and 60%, and the residence time is about 3.5 minutes. The wet-bulb temperature of the material is about 75℃ to 85℃, which belongs to the constant-speed drying stage and is the main drying section. Finally, it enters the third drying chamber, which is the granulation zone. At this time, the evaporation rate of the material water decreases, and the water content drops to about 30% or below. The material temperature begins to rise gradually, and the material temperature does not exceed 90°C. The residence time is about 1 minute, and the material is dried. The material forms fine particles (diameter <13mm) that are conducive to combustion. This stage belongs to the speed reduction drying stage. Due to the use of forced negative pressure discharge, the negative pressure strength and low oxygen concentration of the fluid in the system cavity are guaranteed. In addition, the humidity and temperature of the material discharge are controlled, so that the generation and accumulation of over-dry dust in the cavity can be prevented, and the possibility of combustible gas and dust explosion in the cavity can be effectively prevented.

[0018] 4. Two rotors are installed at the bottom of the dryer cavity, and the upper rotors are staggered. They are in dynamic state during operation, and they disturb each other. There will be no static dead corner in the bin during operation to prevent material siltation and poor transportation. It can ensure that the full bin material can be discharged smoothly after being left in the bin for 120 hours. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the dryer.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the dryer end.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the interior of the dryer.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the medium cyclone separator.

[0024] In the figure: 1. conveying system 2. silo 3. silo feed port 4. cyclone separator, 41. separator discharge port, 42. cone, 43. cylinder, 44. air inlet, 45. top plate, 5. dryer 51. rotor device, 52. dryer discharge port, 53. air inlet, 54. drive device, 55. dryer feed port, 6. dry material conveying device 7. blower 8. slag discharge port 9. burner 10. induced draft fan 11. exhaust gas outlet, 12. ventilation pipeline, 13. feed pipe, 14. exhaust pipe, 15. upper partition, 16. lower partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the utility model is a drying and heat energy conversion integrated equipment, including a storage system, a conveying system 1, an air distribution system, a dryer 5, and a combustion system. The material conveying system 1 is arranged at the bottom of the storage system, the discharge port of the storage system is connected to the dryer 5, the dryer 5 is connected to the combustion system through the air distribution system, and the combustion system is connected to the dryer 5 through the ventilation pipeline 12. A rotor device is arranged at the bottom of the drying chamber of the dryer 5. The dryer 5 is divided into three working chambers by multiple groups of staggered upper and lower partitions 15 and 16 in the drying chamber. A group of partitions is arranged between two adjacent working chambers, and two partitions of a group are respectively connected to the top plate and the bottom plate of the drying chamber shell, and the upper and lower partitions 15 and 16 overlap in the middle of the working chamber. The material forms a tortuous material flow channel from the feed port to the discharge port of the drying chamber with the hot air, and the hot air forms five vortices inside the three working chambers. The rotor device is installed in conjunction with the lower partition 16 of each working chamber, and is respectively placed at the bottom of each working chamber to stir the material.

[0027] like Figure 2As shown, the bottom of the shell of the dryer 5 is formed by welding two tangent arc plates, and the top of the shell is an arc plate. The two ends of the top arc plate and the bottom arc plate are tangently connected through the drying chamber wall plate, so that the drying chamber is all arc transition, and three arc combination structures are formed outside the two ends of the dryer 5, so that there is no dead angle inside the dryer cavity, no material accumulation, and avoid deflagration; a rotor device 51 is respectively set in the two arc plates at the bottom of the shell, and the rotors set on the two rotor devices 51 are staggered. When working, the two rotor devices 51 at the bottom of the drying chamber are in dynamic, synchronous rotation, and mutually disturbing operation. There will be no static dead angles in the drying chamber to prevent material siltation and poor transportation, which can meet the requirement that full warehouse materials can be discharged smoothly after standing in the warehouse for 120 hours.

[0028] The rotor device in the dryer of the utility model adopts the rotor device in the dryer with the existing patent number of 2009200136307, and the wet material is forced to be dispersed by the mechanical movement of the rotor, so that it is fluidized and suspended in different drying chambers, so that it is fully in contact with the hot air, and the heat and mass transfer effect between the wet material and the hot air is enhanced.

[0029] The interior of the rotary direct heating dryer is divided into three working chambers. In the first chamber, the wet and cold materials are in direct contact with the high-temperature hot air, and the heat absorbed is used to quickly increase their own temperature. The wet bulb temperature of the material is between 45℃ and 80℃, which belongs to the heating drying stage; in the second chamber, the steam inside the heated material is much greater than the vapor pressure of the environment, and the heat that continues to be absorbed is used to replace the evaporation heat, so that a large amount of water is quickly evaporated. This is the constant speed drying stage, which is the main drying stage; the material enters the third drying chamber, at this time the evaporation rate of water decreases, and the material temperature begins to gradually rise, which belongs to the speed reduction drying stage. The material temperature does not exceed 90℃, the water content drops below 30%, and the material is dried.

[0030] The wet and sticky nature of cow dung easily forms lumps during the drying process, resulting in a reduced surface renewal rate and affecting the mass and heat exchange efficiency. The flip-throw rotor direct heating dryer continuously throws and disperses the cow dung through the internal paddles, avoiding the "lumping" phenomenon. The dispersion is 73% to 78%, and the surface renewal rate of cow dung is maintained at 0.92 to 1.2 Hz, which is much higher than the drum dryer (generally 0.01 to 0.015 Hz), and the mass and heat exchange is more sufficient.

[0031] The material storage system consists of a silo 2 and a bracket thereof. Two parallel conveying systems 1 (using screw conveyors) are arranged at the bottom of the silo 2 of the material storage system. The corresponding conveying system 1 has two discharge ports corresponding to the dryer feed ports 55. The two dryer feed ports 55 are located above the two rotor devices 51. A material level detector is arranged in the silo 2. The conveying system 1 is used for spiral feeding at the bottom to ensure that the material can be evenly and stably fed into the dryer 5.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the air distribution system includes a cyclone separator 4, a blower 7, an induced draft fan 10, a feed pipe 13, an exhaust pipe 13 and a dry material conveying device 6. The feed pipe 13 of the cyclone separator 4 is connected to the dryer discharge port 52 at the top of the dryer 5, and its exhaust pipe 14 is connected to the induced draft fan 10. The induced draft fan 10 is provided with an exhaust gas outlet 11. The bottom separator discharge port 41 of the cyclone separator 4 is connected to the feed port of the dry material conveying device 6. The discharge port at the material end of the dry material conveying device 6 is connected to the burner of the combustion system. The blower 7 is connected to the burner 9 for supplying air to the burner 9; a slag discharge port 8 is provided at the bottom of the burner 9.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown. The dried powdered material enters the cyclone separator cylinder 43 tangentially with the air flow from the air inlet 44 of the cyclone separator 4, rotates from top to bottom along the inner wall of the cylinder 43, turns upward after reaching the recirculation area at the bottom of the cone 42, rotates and rises in the central area, and finally is discharged outward through the exhaust pipe 45. Generally, the airflow rotating downward along the outer circle is called the outer vortex, and the airflow rotating upward in the center is called the inner vortex, and the two have the same rotation direction. Due to the viscosity of the actual gas, the outer vortex is a quasi-free vortex rotating downward, and has a centripetal radial motion; the inner vortex is a forced vortex rotating upward, and has a centrifugal radial motion. The powdered dried material in the rotating airflow moves outward by centrifugal force, and after reaching the inner wall of the cyclone separator cylinder 43, it falls into the combustion system along the wall through the discharge port 41 under the combined action of airflow and gravity, completing the discharge, and the top of the cylinder 43 is the cyclone top plate 46.

[0034] The induced draft fan of the air distribution system cooperates with the cyclone separator 4 to achieve negative pressure discharge of the dryer 5. The blower enables the burner to burn smoothly. The required air can be continuously supplied to the combustion chamber through the induced draft fan 10 and the blower 7, and the combustion exhaust gas can be discharged in time.

[0035] The combustion system adopts the existing structure, including a combustion chamber and a combustion furnace. The combustion chamber adopts a cylindrical container, the inner wall of which is provided with a heat-insulating material coating, and the combustion grate is a porous inclined plate made of heat-resistant steel. The porous structure facilitates the smooth blowing of air and is conducive to the combustion of fuel.

[0036] The dry material conveying device 6 and the material conveying system are both existing screw conveyors. The cyclone separator 4, blower 7 and induced draft fan 10 of the air distribution system are all existing purchased parts. Other parts not described in detail in the text are all existing conventional parts in the field and will not be described here.

[0037] It can be understood that the above specific description of the utility model is only used to illustrate the utility model and is not limited to the technical solution described in the embodiments of the utility model. Ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the utility model can still be modified or replaced by equivalents to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the use requirements are met, they are within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated drying and heat energy conversion device, comprising a material storage system, a conveying system, an air distribution system, a dryer, and a combustion system. The conveying system is arranged at the bottom of the material storage system, the material outlet of the material storage system is connected to the dryer, the dryer is connected to the combustion system through the air distribution system, the combustion system is connected to the dryer through a ventilation pipeline, and a rotor device is arranged at the bottom of the drying chamber of the dryer, characterized in that: The dryer is divided into three working chambers by multiple groups of staggered upper and lower partitions in the drying chamber, a group of partitions is arranged between two adjacent working chambers, the two partitions in one group are respectively connected to the top plate and the bottom plate of the drying chamber shell, and the upper and lower partitions overlap in the middle of the working chamber, and the material forms a tortuous material flow channel from the drying chamber feed port to the discharge port along with the hot air, and the hot air forms five vortices inside the three working chambers.

2. The integrated drying and heat energy conversion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the dryer shell is welded by two tangent arc plates, and the top of the shell is an arc plate, so that the drying chamber is all arc transition. A rotor device is respectively arranged in the two arc plates at the bottom of the shell, and the rotors arranged on the two rotor devices are staggered.

3. The integrated drying and heat energy conversion equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the silo of the storage system is provided with two parallel conveying systems, and the corresponding conveying systems have two discharge ports corresponding to the feed ports of the dryer. The two feed ports of the dryer are located above the two rotor devices, and a material level detector is provided in the silo.

4. The integrated drying and heat energy conversion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution system includes a cyclone separator, a blower, an induced draft fan, a feed pipe, an exhaust pipe and a dry material conveying device. The feed pipe of the cyclone separator is connected to the top discharge port of the dryer, and its exhaust pipe is connected to the induced draft fan. The induced draft fan is provided with an exhaust gas outlet. The bottom discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected to the feed port of the dry material conveying device. The discharge port at the material end of the dry material conveying device is connected to the burner of the combustion system. The blower is connected to the burner for supplying air to the burner.

5. The integrated drying and heat energy conversion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overlapping length of the upper and lower partitions in each group is 10-20 cm.

6. The integrated drying and heat energy conversion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal distance between the upper and lower partitions of each group is 10-20 cm.

7. The integrated drying and heat energy conversion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal width ratio of the three working chambers in the dryer from the feed end to the discharge end is 2:5:3.

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