Physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of physical adsorption hydrogen storage, and discloses a physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank which comprises a tank body and a tank cover, the tank body comprises a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe, a porous heat exchange disc, a tank body, a low-temperature storage layer, a physical adsorption hydrogen storage material and a spiral heat exchange pipe. A plurality of porous heat exchange plates are arranged in the tank body, are sequentially mounted in the tank body and are connected with the low-temperature reservoir through guide pipes, the tank body is filled with a physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, a spiral heat exchange pipe is arranged in the tank body, and the spiral heat exchange pipe penetrates through the upper layer of the tank cover and penetrates out of the upper layer of the tank cover after passing through round holes of the porous heat exchange plates. And a heat insulation layer is arranged between the tank body and the low-temperature storage layer. The low temperature maintaining effect is improved, the low temperature in the tank is maintained, gas quickly enters the adsorption layer through the round holes, the gas distribution is more uniform, and when hydrogen needs to be released, a heat exchange medium is introduced into the spiral heat exchange pipe, so that the release of the hydrogen is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage devices, in particular to a physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the economy, the demand for new energy is growing, in order to solve the problems of insufficient energy supply, reduce the use of non-renewable energy, and maintain the ecological environment. Hydrogen energy is a clean energy with a wide source, sustainability, renewable, and high energy density. Therefore, it is widely used in production and life. However, due to the low volume density, low quality, and flammability of hydrogen, the storage and transportation of hydrogen has become a key issue in the development of hydrogen energy. At present, the main methods of hydrogen storage are high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage, organic compound hydrogen storage, and physical adsorption hydrogen storage. Among them, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage has problems such as low hydrogen storage density and expensive equipment. Low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage has high manufacturing difficulty, easy volatility, and low transportation safety. Metal hydride hydrogen storage usually has poor thermal conductivity, slow hydrogen absorption and desorption, and volume expansion after hydrogen absorption. Organic compound hydrogen storage has problems such as high toxicity and poor safety. Due to the limitations of high-pressure hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquefied hydrogen storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage and organic compound hydrogen storage, people have begun to pay more attention to solid-state hydrogen storage, among which physical adsorption hydrogen storage is mainly hydrogen stored in molecular form in materials through physical adsorption. Physical adsorption hydrogen storage technology has the advantages of high safety and good reversibility, and is an important research direction for the large-scale and commercial efficient utilization of hydrogen.

[0003] However, physical adsorption hydrogen storage technology has great limitations in application and promotion due to its low hydrogen storage capacity and low hydrogen absorption temperature. In addition, physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials need to be maintained in a low-temperature environment during the storage of hydrogen, and an external heat source is required to release hydrogen to increase the desorption rate of hydrogen. In addition, since physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials are mostly fine powder particles, the introduction of hydrogen under pressurized conditions can easily cause the problem of uneven distribution of physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials. my country's patent No. 201720253819.8 "Low-temperature Hydrogen Storage Tank" Yang Bo et al. once disclosed a low-temperature hydrogen storage tank. This hydrogen storage tank has poor local low-temperature control effect and poor heat exchange effect when releasing hydrogen. It cannot effectively solve the local low-temperature control of physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials during use, and the pressurized entry of hydrogen will cause the problem of uneven distribution of physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a low-temperature hydrogen storage tank that can not only ensure good low-temperature control effect, but also have good heat exchange effect when hydrogen is released, while also ensuring the uniform distribution and safety of physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank, comprising a tank body, a porous heat exchange disk, a low-temperature storage layer, a physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, a spiral heat exchange tube, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe. A plurality of the porous heat exchange disks are arranged inside the tank body, and the porous heat exchange disks are sequentially installed in the tank body and connected to the low-temperature storage layer through a conduit. The low-temperature medium flows through the porous heat exchange disk through the conduit. The physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is filled inside the tank body. A spiral heat exchange tube is arranged inside the tank body, and the spiral heat exchange tube passes through the upper layer of the tank cover, passes through the circular holes of the porous heat exchange disk, and then passes out from the upper layer of the tank cover. A heat insulation layer is arranged between the tank body and the low-temperature storage layer.

[0005] Preferably, the porous heat exchange disk is provided with a conduit and a screwing device, the conduit is installed on both sides of the porous heat exchange disk, and the screwing device is installed in the center of the porous heat exchange disk. The conduit can be extended and retracted with the rotation of the screwing device and connected to the low-temperature storage layer.

[0006] Preferably, the porous heat exchange disk is replaceable, including a porous heat exchange elliptical disk and a porous heat exchange circular disk.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the replaceable porous heat exchange circular disk and the major axis of the porous heat exchange elliptical disk are slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner tank wall.

[0008] Preferably, the uppermost porous heat exchange disk of the tank body is a porous heat exchange circular disk, there is a small space between the uppermost porous heat exchange circular disk and the tank cover, and the circular holes on the porous heat exchange circular disk are provided with a screen.

[0009] Preferably, a spiral heat exchange tube is provided in the tank body, and the heat exchange tube inlet and the heat exchange tube outlet both pass through the tank cover.

[0010] Preferably, the outer diameter of the spiral heat exchange tube is slightly smaller than the diameter of the circular holes in the porous heat exchange plate.

[0011] Preferably, the low-temperature medium injection port and the low-temperature medium discharge port of the low-temperature storage layer both pass through the tank cover.

[0012] Technical effect:

[0013] 1. The utility model can greatly improve the effect of maintaining the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material at low temperature by installing a porous heat exchange disk and connecting it to the low-temperature storage layer through a conduit, so that the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material at various positions in the tank is maintained at low temperature.

[0014] 2. The utility model is equipped with several porous heat exchange plates, and physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials are filled in the hydrogen storage tank at the same time. There is a small distance between the tank cover and the uppermost porous heat exchange plate, and the gas circular holes of the uppermost porous heat exchange plate are provided with a screen, so that the gas entering is buffered and enters the adsorption material evenly and quickly. Due to the support and wrapping effect of several porous heat exchange plates on the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is evenly distributed.

[0015] 3. The utility model increases the heat exchange area in the hydrogen storage tank by arranging a spiral heat exchange tube. When the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen under normal pressure, the heat exchange medium is introduced into the spiral heat exchange tube to accelerate the release rate of hydrogen.

[0016] 4. The utility model provides a replaceable porous heat exchange disk. For filling only one physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, a porous heat exchange elliptical disk is used. There is a gap between the porous heat exchange elliptical disk and the inner wall of the tank. While maintaining the low temperature effect, more physical adsorption hydrogen storage material can be filled, and the filling of the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is convenient. The direct filling method allows the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material to directly enter the tank; for filling two or more physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials, a porous heat exchange circular disk can be used, which can realize multi-layer filling of physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials, and different physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials do not contact each other, thereby realizing the coupling effect between different physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials and improving the hydrogen storage performance of the hydrogen storage tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the spiral heat exchange tube in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the porous heat exchange disc in the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the porous heat exchange elliptical disk in the utility model.

[0021] Explanation of symbols: In the figure: 1-tank body, 2-tank cover, 3-insulation layer, 4-low-temperature storage layer, 5-porous heat exchange disk, 6-physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, 7-inner tank wall, 8-low-temperature medium injection port, 9-low-temperature medium discharge port, 10-spiral heat exchange tube, 11-heat exchange tube inlet, 12-heat exchange tube outlet, 13-hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes, 14-pressure limiting valve, 15-circular hole, 16-screwing device, 17-conduit, 18-screen, 51-porous heat exchange disc, 52-porous heat exchange elliptical disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is a complete and clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly manifested, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0024] See also Figure 1-4 The utility model discloses a physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank, comprising: a tank body 1, a tank cover 2, and the hydrogen storage tank mainly comprises a tank body 1, a porous heat exchange disk 5, a low-temperature reservoir 4, a physical adsorption hydrogen storage material 6, a spiral heat exchange tube 10, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe 13. The tank body 1 is provided with a plurality of porous heat exchange disks 5 which are sequentially installed in the tank body 1 and connected to the low-temperature reservoir 4 through a conduit 17, and a low-temperature medium can flow through the porous heat exchange disks 5 through the conduit, and a heat insulation layer 3 is provided between the tank body 1 and the low-temperature reservoir 4; the low-temperature medium flowing through the low-temperature reservoir and the porous heat exchange disk can well maintain the low-temperature environment of the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, and ensure that the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material at each position is in a low-temperature state.

[0025] The porous heat exchange disk 5 is provided with a conduit 17 and a screwing device 16. The conduit is installed on both sides of the porous heat exchange disk 5, and the screwing device is installed in the center of the porous heat exchange disk 5. The conduit 17 can be extended and retracted with the rotation of the screwing device 16 and connected to the low-temperature reservoir; not only does it make the device more convenient during installation and disassembly, but also allows the low-temperature medium to flow through various areas, which can avoid the problem of excessive local temperature and maintain the overall low-temperature state better.

[0026] The porous heat exchange disk 5 is replaceable, including a porous heat exchange elliptical disk 52 and a porous heat exchange circular disk 51; when different physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials are filled, different porous heat exchange disks can be used. If there are two physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials, a porous heat exchange circular disk is used to allow different physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials to be filled in multiple layers, thereby achieving coupling between different physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials and improving the hydrogen storage performance of the hydrogen storage tank; if only one physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is filled, a porous heat exchange elliptical disk is used to allow more physical adsorption hydrogen storage material to be filled, and to facilitate the filling of the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, and also to facilitate the rapid and uniform storage of gas in the tank, and can be used to fix the spiral heat exchange tube to prevent shaking and improve the safety of the device.

[0027] The diameter of the replaceable porous heat exchange circular disk 51 and the major axis of the porous heat exchange elliptical disk 52 of the porous heat exchange disk 5 are slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner tank wall 7, so that the porous heat exchange disk can be easily installed inside the tank body.

[0028] The porous heat exchange disk 5 on the top of the tank body 1 is a porous heat exchange disk 51, and there is a small distance between the top porous heat exchange disk 51 and the tank cover 2, and the circular holes on the porous heat exchange disk 51 are provided with a screen 18; the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes maintain a distance from the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material so that the gas entering is buffered and enters the adsorption material evenly and quickly, while ensuring that the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is evenly distributed.

[0029] A spiral heat exchange tube 10 is provided inside the tank body 1, and the heat exchange tube inlet 11 and the heat exchange tube outlet 12 both pass through the tank cover 2; this device increases the heat exchange area between the heat exchange medium and the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material. When hydrogen needs to be released, the hydrogen adsorbed by the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is released through the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes, and at the same time, the heat exchange medium is added to the inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube and flows out from the outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube, so that the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material can quickly heat up and accelerate the release rate of hydrogen.

[0030] The heat exchange medium introduced into the spiral heat exchange tube 10 can be hot air, water or other media; different hydrogen release temperatures can be controlled by injecting different heat exchange media.

[0031] The outer diameter of the spiral heat exchange tube 10 is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole in the porous heat exchange plate, so that the porous heat exchange plate can be installed in the tank body and fixed with the spiral heat exchange tube.

[0032] The low-temperature medium injection port 8 and the low-temperature medium discharge port 9 of the low-temperature storage layer 4 both pass through the tank cover 2; the low-temperature medium is continuously passed into the low-temperature storage layer and the porous heat exchange disk, and flows out from the low-temperature medium discharge port, continuously maintaining the low-temperature environment of the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material.

[0033] The cryogenic medium injected into the cryogenic reservoir 4 may be liquid nitrogen, liquid ammonia, or liquid carbon dioxide. By injecting different cryogenic media, it is convenient to control the different low-temperature environments in which the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is located.

[0034] The physical adsorption hydrogen storage material 6 can be activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbon, metal organic framework materials, covalent organic framework materials; the hydrogen storage tank can be filled with various physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials with excellent hydrogen storage properties.

[0035] A method for disassembling and assembling a physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: After the tank body is installed, install the spiral heat exchange tube in the tank body, and then fill the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material in the tank body to the groove of the inner tank wall, that is, the part where the porous heat exchange disk is connected to the low-temperature reservoir. Then rotate the porous heat exchange disk around the spiral heat exchange tube to the groove of the inner tank wall, turn the screwing device to connect the catheter to the low-temperature reservoir, and fill and install in sequence. Finally, seal the tank body and the tank cover, and the installation is completed.

[0037] Step 2, when the device needs to be disassembled, the low-temperature storage layer is emptied, the screwing device is twisted to take out the porous heat exchange disk, and the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is taken out at the same time. After the disassembly is completed in sequence, the spiral heat exchange tube is taken out; the method is easy to operate. After the device is assembled, a low-temperature medium is introduced so that the physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials at various positions are in a low-temperature environment. Due to the support and wrapping effect of the porous heat exchange disk on the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material, the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material remains evenly distributed when hydrogen is introduced at a high speed. The spiral heat exchange tube can use the heat exchange medium to heat the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material to accelerate the release of hydrogen. The utility model not only achieves a good low-temperature maintenance effect, but also improves the hydrogen absorption and release speed and the safety performance of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] In this embodiment, the total length of the tank body 1 is 960 mm, the tank body 1 is made of stainless steel, the outer diameter of the tank body 1 is 480 mm, the wall thickness of the tank body 1 is 12 mm, and the thickness of the tank cover 2 is 10 mm.

[0040] The spiral heat exchange tube is made of stainless steel, with an outer diameter of 8 mm and a wall thickness of 1 mm.

[0041] The porous heat exchange disc is made of copper, the outer diameter of the porous heat exchange disc is 456mm, the thickness of the porous heat exchange disc is 10mm, the porous heat exchange disc has 6 circular holes, the size of the two symmetrical circular holes for the spiral heat exchange tube to pass through is 9mm, and the diameter of the remaining circular holes is 5mm and is provided with a screen.

[0042] The porosity of the screen set on the porous heat exchange disc is 1-5μm, which can not only provide a flow channel for the entry and exit of hydrogen, but also prevent the hydrogen storage material powder from splashing into the gas inlet and outlet pipes.

[0043] The physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is a biomass nanocarbon material prepared from Phyllostachys australis with a density of 0.51 g / cm 3 The test temperature is -195.5°C, the test pressure is 30 bar, the mass hydrogen storage density is 4.43wt%, the total filling mass is 84.2kg, and the hydrogen storage capacity is 3.8kg.

[0044] Working principle: When in use, by equipping the tank body 1 with a number of porous heat exchange disks 5 and connecting them to the low-temperature storage layer, the low-temperature maintenance effect of the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is greatly improved, and the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is also supported. There is a small distance between the tank cover 2 and the topmost porous heat exchange disk 51, so that the gas is buffered when passing into the tank body and enters the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material evenly and quickly, while ensuring that the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material is evenly distributed. By providing a spiral heat exchange tube 10, when hydrogen needs to be released, the physical adsorption hydrogen storage material can be heated by injecting a heat exchange medium to increase the hydrogen release rate. In addition, the spiral heat exchange tube 10 is not only fixed to the tank cover 2, but also fixed to the circular hole 15 of the porous heat exchange disk 5, thereby improving the stability and safety of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicating directions or positions are based on the directions and positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating the required orientation of the device referred to. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0046] Although the present application is disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the application of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, alterations and equivalents made to the utility model without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank, comprising a tank body (1), a porous heat exchange plate (5), a low temperature storage layer (4), a physical adsorption hydrogen storage material (6), a spiral heat exchange tube (10), and a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe (13), characterized in that: A plurality of porous heat exchange disks (5) are arranged inside the tank body (1). The porous heat exchange disks (5) are sequentially installed inside the tank body (1) and connected to the low-temperature storage layer (4) via a conduit (17). The low-temperature medium flows through the porous heat exchange disks (5) via the conduit. The tank body (1) is filled with a physical adsorption hydrogen storage material (6). A spiral heat exchange tube (10) is arranged inside the tank body (1). The spiral heat exchange tube (10) passes through the upper layer of the tank cover (2), passes through the circular holes (15) of the porous heat exchange disks (5), and then passes out from the upper layer of the tank cover (2). A heat insulation layer (3) is arranged between the tank body (1) and the low-temperature storage layer (4).

2. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous heat exchange disk (5) is provided with a conduit (17) and a screwing device (16). The conduit (17) is installed on both sides of the porous heat exchange disk (5), and the screwing device (16) is installed in the center of the porous heat exchange disk (5). The conduit (17) expands and contracts with the rotation of the screwing device (16) and is connected to the low-temperature storage layer (4).

3. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous heat exchange disk (5) is replaceable and comprises a porous heat exchange elliptical disk (52) and a porous heat exchange circular disk (51).

4. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the replaceable porous heat exchange circular disk (51) and the major axis of the porous heat exchange elliptical disk (52) of the porous heat exchange disk (5) are both slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner tank wall (7).

5. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uppermost porous heat exchange disk (5) of the tank body (1) is a porous heat exchange circular disk (51), a small space is left between the uppermost porous heat exchange circular disk (51) and the tank cover (2), and a screen (18) is provided on the circular holes of the porous heat exchange circular disk (51).

6. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral heat exchange tube (10) is arranged in the tank body (1), and a heat exchange tube inlet (11) and a heat exchange tube outlet (12) both pass through the tank cover (2).

7. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the spiral heat exchange tube (10) is slightly smaller than the diameter of the circular hole (15) in the porous heat exchange disk (5).

8. A physical adsorption hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature medium injection port (8) and the low-temperature medium discharge port (9) of the low-temperature storage layer (4) both pass through the tank cover (2).

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