Backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer, and belongs to the technical field of medical treatment. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer comprises a battery and circuit system, a driving system, a pipeline reversing system, a urease adsorption system, a zirconium phosphate adsorption system, an activated carbon adsorption system, a wearing system, a plurality of shells, pipelines and connectors, and the wearing system comprises a backpack, a waste liquid recycling bag, a dialysate adding bag and a dialysate bag. According to the utility model, postures such as hiking movement, sitting and the like of a patient are comprehensively considered, and the patient is treated on the premise of not influencing the movement of the chronic kidney disease patient to the greatest extent, so as to meet the requirements of the patient on activities which spend a large amount of time cost, such as business trip, travel and study.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer for patients with renal failure, belonging to the technical field of medical treatment. Background Art

[0002] At present, the methods for treating chronic kidney disease mainly include hemodialysis, kidney transplantation and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis is a treatment process in which blood in the human body is drawn out of the body through a dialysis machine, excess water and toxins in the blood are filtered out of the body, and then returned to the body. Patients need to go to the hospital for hemodialysis three times a week, which is inconvenient for patients such as students and workers who need to travel frequently. Peritoneal dialysis is a physiological treatment method that uses the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to perform hemodialysis by injecting dialysate into the abdominal cavity. This method has the advantages of protecting residual renal function, simple operation and low cost. With the continuous improvement and improvement of technology, patients can perform peritoneal dialysis treatment at home after training in the hospital. In order to reduce the economic burden and time cost of patients, it is necessary to find a convenient and fast dialysis method so that patients can join the work, study and life of normal people as soon as possible.

[0003] Patent CN206120834U discloses a wearable peritoneal dialysis portable device, which is a ring-shaped abdominal belt structure that can be worn on the user's abdomen. The device mainly includes a waste liquid recovery bag, HCO3 -Fluid bag, circuit board, peristaltic pump, regeneration tank, peritoneal dialysis fluid bag and battery. However, this patent does not further consider the specific substances and structures in the regeneration tank, and the method of recycling the dialysate only stays at the understanding of the concept. Patent CN109999245A discloses a portable wearable peritoneal dialysis instrument, the device includes a liquid extraction mechanism, a filtration mechanism, a reverse osmosis mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, a heating mechanism and a reflux pipe, wherein the core component, namely the adsorption mechanism, uses hydrated zirconium oxide, activated carbon and zirconium phosphate to adsorb uremic metabolites. This patent clarifies the dialysate regeneration method and the operating principle of the device, but does not take into account the concentration of the dialysate solutes injected into the human body and its measurement method, and there is no further description of the wearing method and overall appearance of the device. Patent WO03051422A2 discloses a wearable peritoneal dialysis system, the system is worn as a belt, and can be connected to the system through a shoulder strap so that it can be fixed to the user's shoulder. The system uses urease to decompose urea, hydrated zirconium oxide and activated carbon to adsorb toxins, and regenerates the dialysate by adding solid agents of dialysate solutes. However, this patent does not mention the method of heating the dialysate, and users may suffer from intestinal spasms due to supercooled dialysate. Patent US2010224492A1 discloses a dialysis system with electrodeionization capability, and the dialysate purification device uses a carbon source, a urease source and an electrodeionization unit to produce clean dialysate. In addition, patents CA2644579A1 and WO2010062716A2 applied by the same company respectively disclose a wearable artificial kidney and a corresponding peritoneal dialysis system, wherein the replaceable adsorption agent cartridge comprises a purification layer, a urea removal layer and an ion exchange layer, wherein the purification layer is mainly composed of activated carbon, the urea removal layer is composed of urea degrading enzyme, ion exchange resin and inorganic adsorbent, and the ion exchange layer is composed of PO and SO adsorbers. In addition, the prior arts JP5439482B2, JPH09501862A, JP2000084070A, JPH09327511A, JP2003000704A, US11701459B2, US9433720B2, US10549023B2, US10549023B2, WO2021243200A1, US20140263062A1, and US20090120864A1 all disclose portable dialysis devices, but these devices have either complex system designs or are too expensive.

[0004] The above patents provide a variety of effective dialysate regeneration solutions. The dialysate purification devices and adsorption agent cartridges shown are easy to carry, but the systems are complex and costly, which may not be conducive to large-scale production.

[0005] In addition, both at home and abroad, great attention is paid to dialysis therapy, and a lot of research has been conducted on it. Dialysis therapy includes hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

[0006] Traditional hemodialyzers, such as Nxstage, Physidia and NextKidney, use a blood pump to draw blood from a catheter in the patient's arm or thigh at the beginning of dialysis, and the blood flows into the dialyzer through a debubbler. The dialyzer is divided into two parts, one for blood circulation and the other for dialysate circulation. The two flow in opposite directions and are separated by an artificial membrane. The two liquids flow on both sides of the membrane. Due to the different concentrations of the two liquids, the solutes in the blood with a higher concentration will move to the dialysate with a lower concentration, that is, the toxins in the blood, such as urea, creatinine and potassium ions, will be discharged into the dialysate, and finally the dialysate can be discarded. The speed at which the solute moves across the membrane is related to the concentration difference. The greater the concentration difference, the faster the solute moves. Finally, the "filtered" blood is reintroduced into the body through the blood pump and the debubbler through the catheter. This cycle lasts for several hours to complete a hemodialysis. Some hemodialysis machines have a water treatment system that can use tap water to purify it through a sand filter, a softening device, an activated carbon device, and a reverse osmosis membrane to meet the standards for dialysis water. The high-concentration dialysate is diluted to eventually generate the dialysate used for hemodialysis, thereby reducing the amount of dialysate used. The amount of dialysate used by different brands and models of dialysis machines is different, so the frequency and duration of use of patients are different. Some dialysis machines are used once a day for 2 hours each time, while others are used once every 3 days for 4 hours each time. In recent years, wearable hemodialysis machines have gradually attracted people's attention. Victor Gura invented the wearable hemodialysis machine WAK. The wearable dialysis machine introduces a mechanism for the recycling of dialysate when processing waste dialysate, using urease, zirconium phosphate, hydrated zirconium oxide, and activated carbon to adsorb toxins in the waste dialysate, thereby achieving the purpose of "purifying" the dialysate, and after the dialysate is replenished, it continues to be used for hemodialysis. The clinical trial results of this dialysis machine were comparable to those of a traditional dialysis machine used three times a week for four hours each time, but the trial was terminated due to problems such as coagulation and bubbles.

[0007] Traditional peritoneal dialysis methods include gravity-based peritoneal dialysis and dynamic peritoneal dialysis. Before peritoneal dialysis treatment, patients need to go to the hospital to implant the catheter required for dialysis in the abdomen. After training, they can complete the dialysis treatment by themselves or go to the hospital for treatment. Gravity-based peritoneal dialysis uses gravity to introduce the dialysate into the abdominal cavity through the catheter, and then discharge it by gravity after staying for several hours. Since there is no special instrument for gravity-based peritoneal dialysis, this method has certain requirements on the patient's operating ability. In addition, the dialysate needs to be heated by an additional heater before it can be introduced into the abdomen, otherwise it will cause intestinal spasms. Dynamic peritoneal dialysis products currently on the market include Baxter's fully automatic peritoneal dialysis machine and Jerry's automatic peritoneal dialysis machine. It transports the dialysate into the abdominal cavity through a pump and has the function of heating the dialysate. Therefore, the patient only needs to connect the pipeline before going to bed, and the instrument will automatically complete the heating, input and recovery of the dialysate. The patient can complete the dialysis treatment in his sleep and can return to normal work and study the next day. Portable devices based on peritoneal dialysis have begun to appear in the past decade, such as the portable peritoneal dialyzer invented by Fresenius and Baxter. Its basic principle is similar to that of a portable hemodialyzer, which is to recycle waste dialysate and reuse the treated dialysate in the next round of peritoneal dialysis. Currently, the wearable peritoneal dialysis device invented by Singapore's AWAK company uses a modified REDY adsorption system to control the weight of the device to less than 2 kg. Its experimental results show that the device can effectively remove toxins such as urea and creatinine, but some patients participating in the experiment reported abdominal discomfort. In short, the bottleneck of portable peritoneal dialyzers is still the recovery and treatment of waste dialysate.

[0008] Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis each have their own advantages and disadvantages. From the perspective of traditional dialysis methods and equipment, hemodialysis is more efficient in purifying toxins in the body, and only dialysis is required three times a week on average. However, hemodialysis is not suitable for patients to operate on their own, and each dialysis needs to be performed in the hospital, which seriously affects the normal work and study life of patients. Although traditional peritoneal dialysis methods and equipment can give patients more free time to a certain extent while achieving therapeutic effects, peritoneal dialysis still faces the problem of peritoneal fibrosis. Once the peritoneum becomes fibrotic, its dialysis ability will also decrease, and the process of peritoneal fibrosis is irreversible. Therefore, there are strict requirements on the concentration, composition and frequency of use of the dialysate to avoid peritoneal fibrosis. From the perspective of portable dialysis methods and equipment, both are still in the research and development stage, with the focus on the development of filter elements. Only by improving the adsorption capacity of the filter element can the portability of the equipment be improved. Summary of the invention

[0009] The utility model aims to solve the portability problem of peritoneal dialysis based on the existing filter element adsorption materials and methods.

[0010] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer, which comprehensively considers the patient's hiking activities and sitting postures, and treats the patient without affecting the activities of chronic kidney disease patients to the greatest extent, so as to meet the needs of patients for activities that cost a lot of time, such as business trips, travel and study.

[0011] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problem: a backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer, comprising a battery and circuit system, a driving system, a pipeline reversing system, a urease adsorption system, a zirconium phosphate adsorption system, an activated carbon adsorption system, a wearing system and a plurality of shells, pipelines and interfaces, characterized in that: the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer also comprises a wearing system, and the wearing system comprises a backpack, a waste liquid recovery bag, a dialysate addition bag and a dialysate bag; the side of the backpack away from the human body is sequentially provided with the dialysate addition bag, the dialysate bag and the waste liquid recovery bag from top to bottom and from left to right; an electric heating film is arranged between the dialysate bag and the inner wall of the backpack; there is an interface on the left side of the bottom of the dialysate bag, and there are two interfaces on the right side of the bottom, wherein the upper interface is connected with a glucose concentration sensor and a temperature sensor, there is an interface on the left side of the bottom of the dialysate addition bag, and there are two interfaces on both sides of the bottom of the waste liquid recovery bag; the battery and circuit system, the driving system, the pipeline reversing system, the urease adsorption system, the zirconium phosphate adsorption system and the activated carbon adsorption system are packed in corresponding shells, and are sequentially fixed on the side of the backpack close to the human body.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery and circuit system includes a battery, an integrated circuit board and a casing; the drive system includes a main hydraulic pump, an auxiliary hydraulic pump, a flow meter and a casing; the pipeline reversing system includes a miniature two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve, a miniature two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve and a casing; the urease adsorption system includes a urease adsorption filter element, a degasser, a vacuum pump and a casing; the zirconium phosphate adsorption system includes a zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element and a casing; the activated carbon adsorption system includes an activated carbon adsorption filter element and a casing; wherein the pipeline reversing system includes three miniature two-position three-way solenoid reversing valves and three miniature two-position two-way solenoid reversing valves, which are distributed in an array, with the first row being two miniature two-position three-way solenoid reversing valves and one miniature two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve, and the second row being one miniature two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve and two miniature two-position two-way solenoid reversing valves.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the outer shells includes a shell and a shell cover. The shell is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with rounded edges and a hollow design on the back of the shell that is connected to the inner wall of the backpack. The shell cover is in the shape of an L-shaped plate structure, with one end fixed to the upper part of the shell and the other end having an arc-shaped upturned design, which is convenient for users to open it to view the interior and install corresponding system components. When the shell cover is closed, its surface coincides with the surface of the shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a battery compartment is provided inside the shell of the battery and circuit system. The battery compartment is on the inside of the shell, and one end of the battery compartment includes a curved concave design; the battery is arranged in the battery compartment, and the integrated circuit board is arranged below the battery compartment and covered by the outer shell plate of the battery compartment.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the main hydraulic pump of the driving system is connected to the pipeline reversing system through pipelines and interfaces, the other end of the main hydraulic pump is connected to the flow meter through pipelines and interfaces, the other end of the flow meter is connected to the pipeline reversing system through pipelines and interfaces, one end of the auxiliary hydraulic pump is connected to the dialysate addition bag through pipelines and interfaces, and the other end of the auxiliary hydraulic pump is connected to the dialysate bag through pipelines and interfaces.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the urease adsorption filter element of the urease adsorption system is connected to the pipeline reversing system through a pipeline and an interface, the other end of the urease adsorption filter element is connected to the degasser through a pipeline and an interface, the other end of the degasser is connected to the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element through a pipeline and an interface, the other branch of the degasser is connected to the vacuum pump through a pipeline and an interface, and the other end of the vacuum pump is connected to the outside atmosphere. The urease adsorption filter element is mainly used to adsorb urea in the waste liquid extracted from the human abdominal cavity, convert urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide using urease, and remove carbon dioxide from the system through the degasser and vacuum pump; the human waste liquid after removing urea is then transported to the zirconium phosphate adsorption system through the main hydraulic pump.

[0017] Furthermore, in the zirconium phosphate adsorption system, one end of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element is connected to the degasser through a pipeline and an interface, and the other end of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element is connected to the activated carbon adsorption filter element through a pipeline and an interface. The zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element is mainly used to adsorb ammonia dissolved in human waste liquid. After the human waste liquid is acted upon by the urease adsorption system and the zirconium phosphate adsorption system, urea is basically completely adsorbed. After the main hydraulic pump acts on the liquid, the liquid is transported to the activated carbon adsorption system.

[0018] Furthermore, in the activated carbon adsorption system, one end of the activated carbon adsorption filter element is connected to the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element through a pipeline and an interface, and the other end of the activated carbon adsorption filter element is connected to the dialysate bag through a pipeline and an interface. Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided between the activated carbon adsorption filter element and the dialysate bag. The activated carbon adsorption filter element is mainly used to adsorb large molecular toxins, heavy metal salts and small molecular toxins in human waste fluid. After the three adsorption systems, the endotoxin content of the human waste fluid is greatly reduced and is sent to the dialysate bag under the action of the main hydraulic pump.

[0019] The method of using the utility model backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer to perform peritoneal dialysis is:

[0020] 1) Dialysate injection and preparation: connect the dialysate bag filled with dialysate, the dialysate supplement bag filled with high-concentration dialysate and the empty waste liquid recovery bag to the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer; open the pipeline reversing system to adjust the pipeline reversing, start the main hydraulic pump, and the dialysate is drawn out of the dialysate bag, flows through the corresponding pipeline into the human abdominal cavity to start dialysis; the dialysate extraction volume is regulated by measuring the flow rate with a flow meter, and the drive system stops working when the extraction volume reaches the set value; manually replace a bag of dialysate filled with dialysate; the total dialysate volume includes one bag that has been injected into the human abdominal cavity in advance, one bag in the dialysate bag and one bag of high-concentration dialysate in the dialysate supplement bag; check the power battery, and start going out after putting on the goggles;

[0021] 2) Waste liquid recovery: After peritoneal dialysis in the patient's peritoneal cavity is completed, the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer is turned on, the pipeline reversing system is turned on to adjust the pipeline, and the main hydraulic pump is started to extract the waste liquid from the human peritoneal cavity into the waste liquid recovery bag. The waste liquid is extracted from the human peritoneal cavity and flows through the corresponding pipeline to the waste liquid recovery bag; the waste liquid recovery process is monitored by a flow meter. When the flow meter measurement value reaches the set threshold, it is considered that the waste liquid in the human peritoneal cavity is completely recovered; then, the main hydraulic pump stops working, the pipeline reversing system is closed, and waits for the next step;

[0022] 3) Dialysate injection: Open the pipeline reversing system to adjust the pipeline reversing, start the main hydraulic pump, and the dialysate is drawn from the dialysate bag, flows through the corresponding pipeline into the human abdominal cavity to start dialysis; the amount of dialysate drawn is regulated by measuring the flow rate with a flow meter. When the drawn amount reaches the set value, the main hydraulic pump stops working and the pipeline reversing system is closed;

[0023] 4) Waste liquid treatment: Open the pipeline reversing system to adjust the pipeline, start the main hydraulic pump and vacuum pump, the waste liquid is extracted from the waste liquid recovery bag, flows through the corresponding pipelines and enters the three filtration systems of urease adsorption system, zirconium phosphate adsorption system and activated carbon adsorption system in turn. When the waste liquid passes through the urease adsorption filter element, the urea in the waste liquid is decomposed into ammonia and carbon dioxide, of which the carbon dioxide is extracted by the vacuum pump in the degasser and discharged into the atmosphere, and the ammonia is adsorbed in the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element; the remaining large molecular toxins creatinine, small molecular toxins potassium ions and heavy metal salt toxins in the waste liquid are adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption filter element; after filtration and adsorption treatment, the waste liquid becomes regenerated dialysate and is stored in the dialysate bag; the waste liquid recovery process is monitored by a flow meter, and when the flow meter measurement value reaches the set threshold, it is regarded as complete recovery of the waste liquid in the human abdominal cavity; then, the main hydraulic pump stops working, the pipeline reversing system is closed, and the next step is awaited.

[0024] 5) Re-dispensing of dialysate: The glucose content of the solution in the dialysate bag is measured by a glucose concentration sensor; if it is less than the standard value for human use, the auxiliary hydraulic pump is started to extract a small amount of high-concentration new dialysate from the dialysate replenishment bag and replenish it into the dialysate bag; the high-concentration dialysate is extracted from the dialysate replenishment bag and flows through the corresponding pipeline into the dialysate bag; the glucose concentration is measured in real time, and when the glucose concentration reaches the standard value for human use, the auxiliary hydraulic pump is stopped to complete the dialysate concentration preparation work;

[0025] The above steps 2) to 5) are repeated to achieve sustainable peritoneal dialysis.

[0026] The matters needing attention of the utility model backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer include:

[0027] During use, the electric heating film works continuously, heating the dialysate to 37°C and maintaining this temperature. The dialysate stays in the human peritoneal cavity for several hours to complete a peritoneal dialysis, and the adsorption process of toxins in the waste fluid also takes several hours; after the waste fluid is extracted from the human peritoneal cavity, the dialysate in the next round of dialysate bags is ready and can be injected into the human peritoneal cavity; peritoneal dialysis can continue, and the adsorption and filtration treatment of the waste fluid is carried out at the same time; when the peritoneal dialysis is completed, the treatment of the waste fluid is also completed; the steps of waste fluid extraction and regeneration dialysate injection can be continued in a cycle. In addition, if it is used for a longer period of time, such as when the patient is outdoors or on a business trip for more than one day, more dialysate bags, dialysate addition bags, adsorption filters (urease adsorption filter, zirconium phosphate adsorption filter, activated carbon adsorption filter) and removable power batteries can be equipped by themselves for replacement at any time. Finally, the water in the human body will be discharged from the body through the osmotic action of the peritoneum, which will increase the total dialysate volume, and the excess dialysate will be concentrated in the waste liquid recovery bag; through the monitoring of the flow meter, it can be prompted that the amount of liquid in the waste liquid recovery bag of the patient is excessive, so the patient needs to empty the liquid in the waste liquid recovery bag after step 4) of the above peritoneal dialysis method and before step 2) of the next cycle. The additional step of emptying the liquid in the waste liquid recovery bag must be judged by the system, that is, the monitoring value of the flow meter, and the patient is prompted to allow the action before it is executed by the patient.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the utility model backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer are:

[0029] 1) Little impact on the patient's daily activities. The main components of the utility model are concentrated in the backpack, which is fixed to the back of the human body through the backpack straps; the waste liquid recovery bag, dialysate bag and dialysate supplement bag are made of flexible medical plastic film materials, which can reduce the patient's weight; it has little impact on the patient's bending and turning movements.

[0030] 2) The wearable system and lightweight design can reduce the impact of the entire backpack portable peritoneal dialysis device on the patient's appearance and clothing.

[0031] 3) In the prior art, additional heating devices are mostly used. Although the utility model also uses an electric heating film, since the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer of the utility model can be conveniently worn on the human body, the temperature control temperature of the electric heating film is maintained at about 37°C. Even if no heating control is performed, normal operation can be maintained by the human body temperature.

[0032] 4) The use of piping systems and electromagnetic reversing valves effectively reduces the use of piping and can coordinate the complex circulation and transportation of liquids. This is also one of the lightweight functions, which helps reduce the weight of the system and improve endurance.

[0033] 5) Three filtration systems, namely, urease adsorption system, zirconium phosphate adsorption system and activated carbon adsorption system, are used, which take into account the adsorption of various toxins in human waste fluid, such as urea, large molecular toxins, heavy metal salts and small molecular toxins, and can ensure the reuse of regenerated liquid, further reduce the dependence on new dialysate during portable activities, and reduce the amount of new dialysate used in the load.

[0034] 6) During the patient's one-time continuous use, a bag of dialysate injected into the human peritoneal cavity in advance, the dialysate in the dialysate bag in the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer, and the high-concentration dialysate in the dialysate replenishment bag can ensure sufficient dialysate demand; the high-concentration dialysate in the dialysate replenishment bag is used to adjust the concentration of the regenerated dialysate, which can ensure the effectiveness of the sustainable recycling of the regenerated dialysate, and can further extend the time that the patient wears the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer for one-time continuous use.

[0035] 7) The use of flow meters and glucose concentration sensors is used to control the flow and concentration of human waste fluid and dialysate, which can improve the system's coordination and control capabilities and its safety to the human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the portable backpack peritoneal dialysis device after it is opened according to the embodiment of the utility model.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a three-view appearance diagram of a backpack portable peritoneal dialysis device according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0038] Figure 3 This is the system layout diagram of the side of the backpack close to the human body.

[0039] Figure 4 This is the system layout diagram of the side of the backpack away from the human body.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a three-view drawing of the outer shell of the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to the embodiment of the utility model.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery and circuit system of the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer of the utility model embodiment.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driving system of the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to the embodiment of the utility model.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline reversing system of the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to the embodiment of the utility model.

[0044] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the urease adsorption system of the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to the embodiment of the utility model.

[0045] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a zirconium phosphate adsorption system of a backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0046] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon adsorption system of a backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0047] Fig.12 This is a real picture of a trial-produced experimental prototype of a backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0048] In the figure: 1—battery and circuit system, 2—driving system, 3—pipeline reversing system, 4—urease adsorption system, 5—zirconium phosphate adsorption system, 6—activated carbon adsorption system, 7—dialysis fluid addition bag, 8—dialysis fluid bag, 9—waste liquid recovery bag, 10—glucose concentration sensor and temperature sensor, 11—electric heating film, 12—human abdominal cavity; 1-1—side of the backpack away from the human body, 1-2—side of the backpack close to the human body, 2-1—shell cover, 2-2—shell, 3-1—battery, 3-2—integrated circuit board, 3-3—integrated circuit board, 3-4—integrated circuit board, 3-5—integrated circuit board, 3-6—integrated circuit board, 3-7—integrated circuit board, 3-8—integrated circuit board, 3-9—integrated circuit board, 3-10—integrated circuit board, 3-11—integrated circuit board, 3-12—integrated circuit board, 3-13—integrated circuit board, 3-14—integrated circuit board, 3-15—integrated circuit board, 3-16—integrated circuit board, 3-17—integrated circuit board, 3-18—integrated circuit board, 3-19—integrated circuit board, 3-20—integrated circuit board, 3-21 -3—battery compartment, 4-1—auxiliary hydraulic pump, 4-2—flow meter, 4-3—main hydraulic pump, 5-1 (I, II, IV)—miniature two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve, 5-2 (III, V, VI)—miniature two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve; 6-1—urease adsorption filter element, 6-2—degasser, 6-3—vacuum pump, 7-1—zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element, 8-1—activated carbon adsorption filter element, 8-2—check valve; A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L—pipelines; a, b, c—interfaces.

[0049] The drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Example

[0052] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer of this embodiment includes a battery and circuit system 1, a drive system 2, a pipeline reversing system 3, a urease adsorption system 4, a zirconium phosphate adsorption system 5, an activated carbon adsorption system 6, a wearable system, and a plurality of shells, pipelines A to L, and interfaces a, b, and c; the wearable system includes a backpack, a waste liquid recovery bag 9, a dialysate addition bag 7, and a dialysate bag 8; the side 1-1 of the backpack away from the human body from top to bottom and from left to right is the dialysate addition bag 7, the dialysate bag 8, and the waste liquid recovery bag 9; an electric heating film 11 is arranged between the dialysate bag 8 and the inner wall of the backpack; the left side of the bottom of the dialysate bag 8 There is an interface a connected to the pipeline I, and there are two interfaces on the right side of the bottom, of which the upper interface is connected to the glucose concentration sensor and the temperature sensor 10, and the lower interface b is connected to the pipeline J; there is an interface a on the left side of the bottom of the dialysate addition bag 7 connected to the pipeline L; there are two interfaces on the two sides of the bottom of the waste liquid recovery bag 9, interface a is connected to the pipeline D, and interface b is connected to the pipeline E; the battery and circuit system 1, the drive system 2, the pipeline reversing system 3, the urease adsorption system 4, the zirconium phosphate adsorption system 5 and the activated carbon adsorption system 6 are packaged in the corresponding shells and fixed in sequence on the side 1-2 inside the backpack close to the human body.The battery and circuit system 1 includes a battery 3-1, an integrated circuit board 3-2 and a shell; the drive system 2 includes a main hydraulic pump 4-3, an auxiliary hydraulic pump 4-1, a flow meter 4-2 and a shell; the pipeline reversing system 3 includes three miniature two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valves 5-1 (I, II, IV), three miniature two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valves 5-2 (III, V, VI) and a shell; the urease adsorption system 4 includes a urease adsorption filter element 6-1, a degasser 6-2, a vacuum pump 6-3 and a shell; the zirconium phosphate adsorption system 5 includes a zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1 and a shell; the activated carbon adsorption system 6 includes an activated carbon adsorption filter element 8-1 and a shell; wherein the three miniature two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valves of the pipeline reversing system 3 The micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve 5-1 (I, II, IV) and three micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valves 5-2 (III, V, VI) are arranged in an array, the first row is the micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve 5-1 (I), the micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve 5-1 (II) and the micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve 5-2 (III), the second row is the micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve 5-1 (IV), the micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve 5-2 (V) and the micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve 5-2 (VI); the interface a of the micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve 5-1 (I) is connected to the interface a of the flow meter 4-2 through the pipeline C, and the micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve Interface b of 5-1(I) is connected to interface a of waste liquid recovery bag 9 through pipeline D, interface c of micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1(I) is connected to interface a of micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1(II); interface b of micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1(II) is connected to interface a of urease adsorption filter element 6-1 through pipeline F, interface c of micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1(II) is connected to interface a of micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2(III); interface b of micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2(III) is connected to human abdominal cavity 12 through pipeline K; interface of micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1(IV) is connected to interface a of urease adsorption filter element 6-1 through pipeline F, interface c of micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1(II) is connected to interface a of micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2(III); interface b of micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2(III) is connected to human abdominal cavity 12 through pipeline K; interface a is connected to the human abdominal cavity 12 through pipeline A; interface b of the miniature two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (IV) is connected to interface b of the waste liquid recovery bag 9 through pipeline E, and interface c of the miniature two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (IV) is connected to interface a of the miniature two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (VI); interface a of the miniature two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (V) is connected to interface b of the dialysis fluid bag 8 through pipeline J, and interface b of the miniature two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (V) is connected to interface b of the main hydraulic pump 4-3 through pipeline B; interface b of the miniature two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (VI) is also connected to interface b of the main hydraulic pump 4-3 through pipeline B.The shell includes a shell 2-2 and a shell cover 2-1. The shell 2-2 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with rounded edges. The back of the shell 2-2 has a hollow portion connected to the inner wall of the backpack. The shell cover 2-1 is in the shape of an L-shaped plate structure, one end of which is fixed to the upper part of the shell 2-2 and the other end is an upward curved surface. When the shell cover 2-1 is closed, its surface overlaps with the surface of the shell 2-2. A battery compartment 3-3 is provided inside the shell of the battery and circuit system 1. The battery compartment 3-3 is on the inside of the shell, and one end of the battery compartment 3-3 includes a concave curved surface design. The battery 3-1 is provided in the battery compartment 3-3, and the integrated circuit board 3-2 is provided below the battery compartment 3-3 and is covered by the shell plate of the battery compartment 3-3. Interface b at one end of the main hydraulic pump 4-3 of the driving system 2 is connected to the pipeline reversing system 3 through pipeline B, interface a at the other end of the main hydraulic pump 4-3 is connected to interface b of the flow meter 4-2 through a pipeline, interface a at the other end of the flow meter 4-2 is connected to the pipeline reversing system 3 through pipeline C, interface a at one end of the auxiliary hydraulic pump 4-1 is connected to interface a of the dialysate addition bag 7 through pipeline L, and interface b at the other end of the auxiliary hydraulic pump 4-1 is connected to interface a of the dialysate bag 8 through pipeline I. The interface a at one end of the urease adsorption filter element 6-1 of the urease adsorption system 4 is connected to the pipeline reversing system 3 through the pipeline F, the interface b at the other end of the urease adsorption filter element 6-1 is connected to the interface a of the degasser 6-2 through a pipeline, the interface b at the other end of the degasser 6-2 is connected to the interface a of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1 through the pipeline G, the interface c of the other branch of the degasser 6-2 is connected to the interface a of the vacuum pump 6-3, and the interface b at the other end of the vacuum pump 6-3 is connected to the outside atmosphere. The interface a at one end of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1 in the zirconium phosphate adsorption system 5 is connected to the interface b of the degasser 6-2 through the pipeline G, and the interface b at the other end of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1 is connected to the interface a of the activated carbon adsorption filter element 8-1 through the pipeline H. The interface a at one end of the activated carbon adsorption filter element 8-1 in the activated carbon adsorption system 6 is connected to the interface b of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1 through a pipeline H, and the interface b at the other end of the activated carbon adsorption filter element 8-1 is connected to the interface a of the dialysate bag 8 through a pipeline I, and a one-way valve 8-2 is arranged on the pipeline I.

[0053] The dialysis method of the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer in this embodiment is:

[0054] 1) Dialysate injection and preparation: connect the dialysate bag 8 filled with dialysate, the dialysate supplement bag 7 filled with high-concentration dialysate and the empty waste liquid recovery bag 9 to the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer, and the electric heating film 11 starts to work to heat the dialysate to 37°C; open the pipeline reversing system 3 to adjust the pipeline, start the main hydraulic pump 4-3, and the dialysate is drawn from the dialysate bag 8 and flows through the pipeline J, the micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (V), the pipeline B, the main hydraulic pump 4-3, the flow meter 4-2, the pipeline C, and the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (I) , a micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (II), a micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (III) and a pipeline K, enter the human peritoneal cavity 12 to start dialysis; the dialysate extraction amount is regulated by measuring the flow rate through the flow meter 4-2, and when the extraction amount reaches the set value, the drive system 2 stops working; a bag of dialysate bag 8 filled with dialysate is manually replaced; the total dialysate volume includes a bag that has been injected into the human peritoneal cavity 12 in advance, a bag in the dialysate bag 8 and a bag of high-concentration dialysate in the dialysate supplement bag 7; check the power battery 3-1, and start going out after putting on the clothes;

[0055] 2) Waste liquid recovery: After peritoneal dialysis in the patient's peritoneal cavity is completed, the backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer is turned on, the pipeline reversing system 3 is turned on to adjust the pipeline, and the main hydraulic pump 4-3 is started to extract the waste liquid from the human peritoneal cavity 12 into the waste liquid recovery bag 9. The waste liquid is extracted from the human peritoneal cavity 12, flows through the pipeline A, the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (IV), the micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (VI), the pipeline B, the main hydraulic pump 4-3, the flow meter 4-2, the pipeline C, the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (I) and the pipeline D, and reaches the waste liquid recovery bag 9; the waste liquid recovery process is monitored by the flow meter 4-2, and when the measured value of the flow meter 4-2 reaches the set threshold, it is considered that the waste liquid in the human peritoneal cavity 12 is completely recovered; then, the main hydraulic pump 4-3 stops working, the pipeline reversing system 3 is closed, and the next step is waited;

[0056] 3) Dialysate injection: The electric heating film 11 works continuously to heat the dialysate to 37°C; the pipeline reversing system 3 is turned on to adjust the pipeline reversing, and the main hydraulic pump 4-3 is started. The dialysate is drawn from the dialysate bag 8, flows through the pipeline J, the micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (V), the pipeline B, the main hydraulic pump 4-3, the flow meter 4-2, the pipeline C, the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (I), the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (II), the micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (III) and the pipeline K, and enters the human abdominal cavity 12 to start dialysis; the dialysate extraction amount is regulated by measuring the flow rate through the flow meter 4-2. When the extraction amount reaches the set value, the main hydraulic pump 4-3 stops working and the pipeline reversing system 3 is closed;

[0057] 4) Waste liquid treatment: Open the pipeline reversing system 3 to adjust the pipeline, start the main hydraulic pump 4-3 and the vacuum pump 6-3, and the waste liquid is extracted from the waste liquid recovery bag 9, flows through the pipeline E, the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (IV), the micro two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-2 (VI), the pipeline B, the main hydraulic pump 4-3, the flow meter 4-2, the pipeline C, the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (I), the micro two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 5-1 (II), the pipeline F, the urease adsorption filter element 6-1, the degasser 6-2, the pipeline G, the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1, the pipeline H, the activated carbon adsorption filter element 8-1 and the pipeline I, and enters the urease adsorption system 4, the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1, the pipeline H, the activated carbon adsorption filter element 8-1 and the pipeline I in turn. There are three filtering systems, namely, system 5 and activated carbon adsorption system 6. When the waste liquid passes through the urease adsorption filter element 6-1, the urea in the waste liquid is decomposed into ammonia and carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide is extracted by the vacuum pump 6-3 in the degasser 6-2 and discharged to the atmosphere, and the ammonia is adsorbed in the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element 7-1; the remaining large molecular toxins creatinine, small molecular toxins potassium ions and heavy metal salt toxins in the waste liquid are adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption filter element 8-1; the waste liquid becomes regenerated dialysate after filtering and adsorption treatment and is stored in the dialysate bag 8; the waste liquid treatment volume is regulated by measuring the flow rate through the flowmeter 4-2. When the waste liquid treatment volume reaches the set value, the main hydraulic pump 4-3 and the vacuum pump 6-3 stop working and wait for the next step;

[0058] 5) Re-dispensing of dialysate: The glucose content of the solution in the dialysate bag 8 is measured by the glucose concentration sensor 10; if it is less than the standard value for human use, the auxiliary hydraulic pump 4-1 is started to extract a small amount of high-concentration new dialysate from the dialysate replenishment bag 7 to replenish it into the dialysate bag 8; the high-concentration dialysate is extracted from the dialysate replenishment bag 7, flows through the pipeline L, the auxiliary hydraulic pump 4-1 and the pipeline I, and enters the dialysate bag 8; the glucose concentration is measured in real time, and when the glucose concentration reaches the standard value for human use, the auxiliary hydraulic pump 4-1 is stopped to complete the dialysate concentration preparation work; the electric heating film 11 continues to work to heat the dialysate to 37°C;

[0059] The above steps 2) to 5) are repeated to achieve sustainable peritoneal dialysis.

[0060] The matters needing attention of the utility model backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer include:

[0061] The dialysate stays in the human peritoneal cavity for several hours to complete a peritoneal dialysis, and the adsorption process of toxins in the waste liquid also takes several hours; after the waste liquid is extracted from the human peritoneal cavity, the dialysate in the next round of dialysate bags is ready and can be injected into the human peritoneal cavity; peritoneal dialysis can continue, and the adsorption and filtration treatment of the waste liquid is carried out at the same time during this process; when the peritoneal dialysis is completed, the treatment of the waste liquid is also completed; the steps of extracting the waste liquid and injecting the regenerated dialysate can be continued in a cycle. In addition, if it is to be used for a longer period of time, such as when the patient is outdoors or on a business trip for more than one day, more dialysate bags 8, dialysate supplementary bags 7, adsorption filters (urease adsorption filter 6-1, zirconium phosphate adsorption filter 7-1, activated carbon adsorption filter 8-1) and mobile power battery 3-1 can be equipped by themselves so that they can be replaced at any time. Finally, the water in the human body will be discharged from the human body through the osmotic action of the peritoneum, which will increase the total dialysate volume, and the excess dialysate will be concentrated in the waste liquid recovery bag 9; through the monitoring of the flow meter 4-2, the patient can be prompted that the amount of liquid in the waste liquid recovery bag is excessive, so the patient needs to empty the liquid in the waste liquid recovery bag 9 after step 4) of the above peritoneal dialysis method and before step 2) of the next cycle. The additional step of emptying the liquid in the waste liquid recovery bag 9 must be judged by the system, that is, the monitoring value of the flow meter, and the patient is prompted to allow the action before it is executed by the patient.

[0062] In addition, it is foreseeable that in other embodiments, since the prior art mostly uses additional heating devices, although the present invention also uses an electric heating film, since the present invention can be worn on the human body, the temperature control temperature of the electric heating film is maintained at about 37°C, and even if no heating control is performed, normal operation can be maintained by the human body temperature. In other words, by wearing it close to the body, even if the electric heating film does not work for some reason, the present invention can maintain normal operation by the human body temperature.

Claims

1. A backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer, comprising a battery and circuit system, a drive system, a pipeline reversing system, a urease adsorption system, a zirconium phosphate adsorption system, an activated carbon adsorption system, a wearing system, and a plurality of housings, pipelines and interfaces, characterized in that: The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer also includes a wearable system, which includes a backpack, a waste liquid recovery bag, a dialysate addition bag, and a dialysate bag; the side of the backpack away from the human body is, from top to bottom and from left to right, a dialysate addition bag, a dialysate bag, and a waste liquid recovery bag; there is an interface on the left side of the bottom of the dialysate bag, and there are two interfaces on the right side of the bottom, wherein the upper interface is connected to a glucose concentration sensor and a temperature sensor, there is an interface on the left side of the bottom of the dialysate addition bag, and there are two interfaces on both sides of the bottom of the waste liquid recovery bag; the battery and circuit system, the drive system, the pipeline reversing system, the urease adsorption system, the zirconium phosphate adsorption system, and the activated carbon adsorption system are packaged in corresponding shells and fixed in sequence on the side of the backpack close to the human body.

2. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery and circuit system includes a battery, an integrated circuit board and a shell; the drive system includes a main hydraulic pump, an auxiliary hydraulic pump, a flow meter and a shell; the pipeline reversing system includes a micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve, a micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve and a shell; the urease adsorption system includes a urease adsorption filter element, a degasser, a vacuum pump and a shell; the zirconium phosphate adsorption system includes a zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element and a shell; the activated carbon adsorption system includes an activated carbon adsorption filter element and a shell; the pipeline reversing system includes three micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valves and three micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valves, which are distributed in an array, with two micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valves and one micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valve in the first row, and a micro two-position three-way solenoid reversing valve and two micro two-position two-way solenoid reversing valves in the second row.

3. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each outer shell includes a shell and a shell cover. The shell is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with rounded edges and a hollow design on the back of the shell that is connected to the inner wall of the backpack. The shell cover is in the shape of an L-shaped plate structure, with one end fixed to the upper part of the shell and the other end having an upturned arc surface. When the shell cover is closed, its surface coincides with the surface of the shell.

4. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An electric heating film is arranged between the dialysate bag and the inner wall of the backpack to heat the solution in the dialysate bag.

5. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A battery compartment is arranged inside the shell of the battery and circuit system. The battery compartment is on the inside of the shell, and one end of the battery compartment includes a curved concave design; the battery is arranged in the battery compartment, and the integrated circuit board is arranged below the battery compartment and covered by the shell plate of the battery compartment.

6. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One end of the main hydraulic pump of the driving system is connected to the pipeline reversing system through pipelines and interfaces, the other end of the main hydraulic pump is connected to the flow meter through pipelines and interfaces, the other end of the flow meter is connected to the pipeline reversing system through pipelines and interfaces, one end of the auxiliary hydraulic pump is connected to the dialysate addition bag through pipelines and interfaces, and the other end of the auxiliary hydraulic pump is connected to the dialysate bag through pipelines and interfaces.

7. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One end of the urease adsorption filter element of the urease adsorption system is connected to the pipeline reversing system through a pipeline and an interface, the other end of the urease adsorption filter element is connected to the degasser through a pipeline and an interface, the other end of the degasser is connected to the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element through a pipeline and an interface, the other branch of the degasser is connected to the vacuum pump through a pipeline and an interface, and the other end of the vacuum pump is connected to the outside atmosphere.

8. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the zirconium phosphate adsorption system, one end of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element is connected to the degasser through a pipeline and an interface, and the other end of the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element is connected to the activated carbon adsorption filter element through a pipeline and an interface.

9. The backpack portable peritoneal dialyzer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the activated carbon adsorption system, one end of the activated carbon adsorption filter element is connected to the zirconium phosphate adsorption filter element through a pipeline and an interface, and the other end of the activated carbon adsorption filter element is connected to the dialysate bag through a pipeline and an interface.

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